Electronic devices

Abstract

This application provides an electronic device, comprising: a plurality of antenna elements, at least one of which includes a first electrode and a second electrode overlapping the first electrode; and a circuit electrically connected to the second electrode and providing an electrical signal to the second electrode; wherein the second electrode directly receives a first electrical signal and indirectly receives a second electrical signal.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of the invention with application number 202010080357.0, application date February 5, 2020, and invention title "Electronic Device". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to an electronic device, and more particularly to an antenna device. Background Technology

[0003] Electronic products have become indispensable necessities in modern society. With the rapid development of these products, consumers have high expectations for their quality, functionality, and price.

[0004] Some electronic products are further equipped with communication capabilities, such as antenna devices, but the performance or reliability of antenna devices still needs to be improved so that they can operate stably for extended periods in different environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electronic device, comprising: a plurality of antenna elements, at least one of which includes a first electrode and a second electrode overlapping the first electrode; and a circuit electrically connected to the second electrode and providing an electrical signal to the second electrode; wherein the second electrode directly receives a first electrical signal and indirectly receives a second electrical signal.

[0006] The electronic device according to this application can improve the residual DC voltage in the antenna device, thereby improving the efficiency or stability of the antenna device. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0008] Figure 1 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 1 of this application.

[0009] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the antenna elements in the antenna device.

[0010] Figure 3A This is an example showing the compositional architecture of the phase modulation circuit of this application.

[0011] Figure 3B This is an example showing the compositional architecture of the phase modulation circuit of this application.

[0012] Figure 4 This is an example illustrating the structural composition of the wireless signal feed circuit of this application.

[0013] Figure 5 It is a voltage-time waveform diagram of phase-modulated voltage and common voltage.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 2 of this application.

[0015] Figure 7 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 3 of this application.

[0016] Figure 8 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 4 of this application.

[0017] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A three-dimensional view of the antenna elements in the antenna device.

[0018] Figure 10 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 5 of this application.

[0019] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A-A' profile.

[0020] Figure 12 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device according to embodiment 6 of this application.

[0021] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The cross-sectional view along the C-C' line.

[0022] Figure 14 This is a top view of the architecture of the electronic device according to embodiment 7 of this application.

[0023] Explanation of component labels in the diagram:

[0024] Antenna devices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

[0025] 8 LCD display panels

[0026] 11 antenna elements

[0027] 111 First substrate

[0028] 1111 Phase modulation electrode

[0029] 112 Second substrate

[0030] 1121 Common electrode

[0031] 1121a Feed Area

[0032] 1121b Void

[0033] 1122 radiation electrode plate

[0034] 113 Liquid Crystal Layer

[0035] 12, 12A, 12B, 12C phase modulation circuits

[0036] 121 conductor

[0037] 122 Phase Voltage Correction Logic Section

[0038] 123 Phase Voltage Generation Unit

[0039] 124 Data-Driven Department

[0040] 125 Common voltage generation unit

[0041] 126 Timing Control Department

[0042] 127 Scan Driver Unit

[0043] 13 Wireless signal feed circuit

[0044] 131 conductor

[0045] 132 Feed Sources

[0046] 133 Noise Filter

[0047] 134 amplifier

[0048] 14. Integrated signal control circuit

[0049] B. Shielding structure

[0050] C Storage Capacitance

[0051] DL data cable

[0052] Ma, Mb metal gaskets

[0053] P cycle

[0054] PX pixels

[0055] S1, S2, S3, Sa, Sb interstitial material

[0056] V AC1 Phase modulation voltage

[0057] V AC2 AC voltage

[0058] V DC Common voltage

[0059] V P Positive voltage section

[0060] V N negative voltage part Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of this application. The elements and arrangements described in the specific examples below are only used to concisely represent this application and are merely examples, not intended to limit this application. For example, the description of a structure where the first feature is on or above a second feature includes direct contact between the first and second features, or the first and second features being disposed between another feature such that the first and second features are not in direct contact.

[0062] The terms "first feature" and "second feature" in this specification are used for clarification purposes only and are not intended to correspond to or limit the scope of the patent. Furthermore, the terms "first feature" and "second feature" are not limited to the same or different features.

[0063] Spatial terms used herein, such as above or below, are used only to briefly describe the relationship of one element or feature in the accompanying drawings relative to another element or feature. In addition to the orientations described in the accompanying drawings, this also includes devices used or operated in different orientations.

[0064] In this text, the terms "approximately" or "roughly" typically indicate that a given value or range is within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5%. The given quantity is approximate; that is, even without specific mention of "approximately" or "roughly," the meaning of "approximately" or "roughly" is implied. Furthermore, the phrase "the range is between the first and second values" indicates that the range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​in between.

[0065] The shapes, dimensions, and thicknesses in the accompanying drawings may not be drawn to scale or may be simplified for clarity and are provided for illustrative purposes only. According to some embodiments of this application, the provided electronic device may include an antenna device, a liquid crystal display device, a sensing device, a light-emitting device, a splicing device, other suitable devices, or combinations of the above devices, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The antenna device may be, for example, a liquid crystal antenna, but is not limited thereto. The splicing device may be, for example, an antenna splicing device, but is not limited thereto. It should be understood that the electronic device may be any of the aforementioned arrangements and combinations, but this application is not limited thereto. The electronic device in Embodiment 1 of this application may be, for example, antenna device 1, but is not limited thereto.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 . Figure 1This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device 1 according to embodiment 1 of this application. The antenna device 1 may include multiple antenna elements 11 and circuitry. The circuitry may include a phase modulation circuit 12 and a wireless signal feed circuit 13. The phase modulation circuit 12 can be connected to at least one of the multiple antenna elements 11 via a wire 121 to provide an electrical signal, such as a phase modulation voltage V, to the antenna element 11. AC1 In one embodiment, the phase modulation voltage V received by antenna unit 11 AC1 The phase modulation voltage V received independently of the other antenna element 11 AC1 Phase modulation voltage V AC1 It can be an alternating current voltage. Modulation voltage V AC1 The frequency range can be between 1Hz and 1000Hz (1Hz≦V). AC1 (≤1000Hz), such as 50Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz, 500Hz, or 800Hz, but not limited to these. The wireless signal feed circuit 13 can be extended to the adjacent antenna element 11 via wire 131 but not directly connected to each antenna element 11, thereby feeding in an electrical signal, such as AC voltage V. AC2 AC voltage V AC2 The frequency range can be between 1MHz and 1000THz (10 6 Hz≦V AC2 ≤10 15 Hz), for example 10 7 Hz, 10 8 Hz, 10 9 Hz, 10 11 Hz, 10 12 Hz, 10 13 Hz, or 10 14 Hz, but not limited to this. In other words, the phase modulation voltage V AC1 The frequency can be lower than the AC voltage V AC2 Frequency (V) AC1 <V AC2 In this application, electrical signals may include voltage and / or current, such as DC voltage, AC voltage, DC current, and / or AC current, but are not limited thereto. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of antenna element 11 in antenna device 1. (See figure) Figure 2 As shown, the antenna unit 11 may include a first substrate 111, a second substrate 112, and a liquid crystal layer 113. The first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 are disposed opposite to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 113 is located between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112. In one embodiment, the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 may include a glass substrate or other suitable substrates, but are not limited thereto. The liquid crystal layer 113 may be filled with liquid crystal with high birefringence characteristics, but is not limited thereto.

[0067] Antenna unit 11 may further include a phase modulation electrode 1111, a common electrode 1121, and a radiating electrode 1122. The phase modulation electrode 1111 may be disposed between the first substrate 111 and the common electrode 1121. The common electrode 1121 may be disposed between the second substrate 112 and the phase modulation electrode 1111. The second substrate 112 may be disposed between the radiating electrode 1122 and the liquid crystal layer 113, but is not limited thereto. For example, the phase modulation electrode 1111 may be disposed on the first substrate 111. The liquid crystal layer 113 may be disposed on the phase modulation electrode 1111. The common electrode 1121 may be disposed on the liquid crystal layer 113. The second substrate 112 may be disposed on the common electrode 1121. The radiating electrode 1122 may be disposed on the second substrate 112. In other embodiments, the radiating electrode 1122 may be disposed between the second substrate 112 and the common electrode 1121. The radiating electrode 1122 may overlap at least partially with the phase modulation electrode 1111, but is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, one end of the phase modulation electrode 1111 may face the conductor 131 without contact, such that the AC voltage V output by the wireless signal feed circuit 13... AC2 The signal can be supplied to the phase modulation electrode 1111 via electromagnetic coupling to generate radio frequency or millimeter wave wireless signals. The phase modulation electrode 1111 can also be directly connected to the wire 121 to receive the AC voltage V supplied by the phase modulation circuit 12. AC1 In some embodiments, the corner of the phase modulation electrode 1111 may not be directly connected to the wire 121, but this is not a limitation. The liquid crystal layer 113 may be subjected to the phase modulation voltage V of the phase modulation electrode 1111. AC1 and the common voltage V of the common electrode 1121 DC The dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 113 is modulated by the voltage difference between the two. The common electrode 1121 may include a hollowed-out feed region 1121a. The radiating electrode 1122 may partially overlap with the feed region 1121a in the normal direction of the substrate, thereby allowing wireless signals to be transmitted outward through the feed region 1121a and the radiating electrode 1122.

[0068] In embodiment 1 of this application, the phase modulation voltage V AC1 The alternating voltage causes the voltage across the liquid crystal layer 113 to alternately switch polarities. In this way, the accumulation of charged impurities in the liquid crystal layer 113 on either the first substrate 111 or the second substrate 112 can be reduced, thereby reducing the damage to the transmission quality of the antenna device 1 and improving the antenna's performance or reliability.

[0069] Next, the architecture of the phase modulation circuit 12 will be described. When the antenna device 1 is passively driven, the architecture of the phase modulation circuit 12 can be as follows: Figure 3AThe phase modulation circuit 12A shown is an example. The phase modulation circuit 12A may include a phase voltage correction logic unit 122, a phase voltage generation unit 123, a data driving unit 124, and a common voltage generation unit 125. The phase voltage correction logic unit 122 may have a built-in voltage-to-dielectric coefficient curve of the liquid crystal layer 113, and therefore selects the voltage value to be output according to the desired phase. The phase voltage generation unit 123 generates the voltage value selected by the phase voltage correction logic unit 122; in this application, this voltage may be an AC voltage signal. The data driving unit 124 can use the AC voltage generated by the phase voltage generation unit 123 as the phase modulation voltage V within a given time period. AC1 The voltage is output to the phase modulation electrode 1111 of the antenna unit 11 via wire 121. The common voltage generating unit 125 can provide a common voltage V. DC The liquid crystal layer 113 in the antenna element 11 generates a specific transverse voltage to the common electrode 1121, thereby providing a specific dielectric constant.

[0070] When the antenna device 1 is actively driven, the antenna element 11 may further include active components, such as thin-film transistors, but is not limited thereto. When this active component is scanned and activated, the phase modulation voltage V... AC1 Only then can the antenna element 11 be input. In this case, the architecture of the phase modulation circuit 12 can be as follows: Figure 3B The phase modulation circuit 12B shown may include a phase voltage correction logic unit 122, a phase voltage generation unit 123, a data driving unit 124, a common voltage generation unit 125, a timing control unit 126, and a scan driving unit 127. The phase voltage correction logic unit 122, the phase voltage generation unit 123, the data driving unit 124, and the common voltage generation unit 125 may be connected to... Figure 3A Similar or identical, therefore not repeated. The timing control unit 126 can control the scanning timing of the active components and the phase modulation voltage V. AC1 The output timing is such that the scan drive unit 127 can output a scan signal to turn on the active components according to a given time point, and the data drive unit 124 can also output a phase modulation voltage V at a given time point. AC1 To phase modulation electrode 1111.

[0071] The following describes the architecture of the wireless signal feed circuit 13. The architecture of the wireless signal feed circuit 13 can be described as follows: Figure 4As shown. The wireless signal feed circuit 13 may include a feed source 132, a noise filter 133, and an amplifier 134. The feed source 132 may be a voltage-controlled oscillator, which generates an AC voltage signal within a certain frequency range by controlling the oscillation frequency. The noise filter 133 filters out noise from the signal output from the feed source 132 and outputs it to the amplifier 134. The amplifier 134 amplifies the signal and uses it as an AC voltage V. AC2 The antenna element 11 is fed indirectly through wire 131. In this application, "indirect" may refer to a situation where there is no direct contact between the two, but is not limited to this.

[0072] Figure 5 It is used to explain the phase modulation voltage V AC1 With common voltage V DC The relationship. In this application, the phase modulation voltage V will be... AC1 Designed to cross the common voltage V DC Oscillates back and forth. Phase modulation voltage V AC1 It can be a periodic wave with a period of P. Assume the phase-modulated voltage V... AC1 Specific voltage V DC The larger portion is defined as the phase modulation voltage V. AC1 The positive voltage part V P The phase modulation voltage V AC1 Specific voltage V DC The smaller portion is defined as the phase modulation voltage V. AC1 The negative voltage part V N In this application, within one cycle, the positive voltage portion V P The time integral with respect to amplitude is the negative voltage part V N The time integral of the amplitude is 80% to 125% (80% ≤ positive voltage part V). P Time integral with respect to amplitude / negative voltage part V N The time integral with respect to amplitude is ≤125%, for example, 90%, 100%, 110%, or 120%. That is, Figure 5 In the middle, the positive voltage part V P The area can be the negative voltage part V N The area is 80% to 125%, for example 90%, 100%, 110%, or 120%. In this way, a relatively close ratio of positive to negative transverse voltage can be maintained, so that the liquid crystal layer 113 can be driven by an appropriate AC voltage, thereby reducing the accumulation of impurities in the liquid crystal layer 113.

[0073] Furthermore, this application does not limit the phase modulation voltage V. AC1 The range of phase modulation voltage V AC1 For example, it can be designed to operate between 1V and 100V (1V≦V). AC1(≤100V), for example, 5V, 10V, 30V, or 50V, but not limited thereto. In one embodiment, when the preset phase modulation voltage V... AC1 With common voltage V DC When the effect deviates from the design specifications, the common voltage V can also be adjusted appropriately. DC Size.

[0074] Next, implementation type 2 of this application will be described. Figure 6 This is a top view of the architecture of antenna device 2 according to embodiment 2 of this application. The difference between antenna device 2 of embodiment 2 and antenna device 1 of embodiment 1 is that embodiment 1 has a phase modulation circuit 12 and a wireless signal feed circuit 13, while antenna device 2 of embodiment 2 has an integrated signal control circuit 14 that integrates the phase modulation circuit 12 and the wireless signal feed circuit 13. The integrated signal control circuit 14 can also provide an independent AC phase modulation voltage V to at least one antenna element 11 via wire 121. AC1 And an AC wireless signal can be fed into at least one antenna unit 11 via wire 131. Since the integrated signal control circuit 14 of Embodiment 2 is equivalent to a combination of the phase modulation circuit 12 and the wireless signal feeding circuit 13 of Embodiment 1, the other structures or operating methods of the antenna device 2 of Embodiment 2 are similar to or the same as those of the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1. The antenna device 2 of Embodiment 2 can also receive an AC phase modulation voltage V. AC1 This reduces the accumulation of charged impurities on a specific substrate, thereby improving antenna performance or reliability.

[0075] Next, implementation type 3 of this application will be described. Figure 7 This is a top view of the architecture of antenna device 3 according to embodiment 3 of this application. The difference between antenna device 3 of embodiment 3 and antenna device 1 of embodiment 1 is that antenna device 3 of embodiment 3 is configured with a storage capacitor C for at least one antenna element 11. The capacitor C can be coupled to the transmission phase modulation voltage V. AC1 The wire 121. This allows the phase modulation voltage V applied to the antenna element 11 to be... AC1 More stable, or with milder leakage current. Apart from this, the antenna device 3 of Embodiment 3 has the same or similar construction as the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1, therefore the antenna device 3 of Embodiment 3 can also receive AC phase-modulated voltage V. AC1 This reduces the accumulation of charged impurities on a specific substrate, thereby improving antenna performance or reliability.

[0076] Next, implementation type 4 of this application will be described. Figure 8 This is a top view of the architecture of antenna device 4 according to embodiment 4 of this application. Figure 9 yes Figure 8A perspective view of antenna element 11 in antenna device 4. The difference between antenna device 4 in embodiment 4 and antenna device 1 in embodiment 1 is that antenna device 4 in embodiment 4 is configured with a shielding structure B for at least one antenna element 11. The shielding structure B can be a metallic structure, a transparent conductive structure, or other conductive structure; this application is not limited thereto. Figure 9 As shown, the shielding structure B can be correspondingly positioned above the endpoint of the conductor 131 adjacent to the phase modulation electrode 1111. The shielding structure B can be positioned within a hollow 1121b cut out in the common electrode 1121 and is not connected to the common electrode 1121. For example, the common electrode 1121 can be patterned to have the shielding structure B, meaning the common electrode 1121 and the shielding structure B can contain the same material, such as a metallic material, a transparent conductive material, other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the common electrode 1121 can be patterned to form a hollow 1121b, and then the shielding structure B can be formed within the hollow 1121b. The hollow 1121b and the shielding structure B can be located opposite each other at the endpoints of the conductor 131 and the phase modulation electrode 1111. For example, the shielding structure B may overlap with the conductor 131 (e.g., the end point of the conductor 131) and / or the phase modulation electrode 1111 (e.g., the end point of the phase modulation electrode 1111) in the normal direction of the first substrate 111. The void 1121b may overlap with the conductor 131 and / or the phase modulation electrode 1111 in the normal direction of the first substrate 111. Unless otherwise specified, overlap in this application may include "complete overlap" and "partial overlap." This allows the AC voltage V to... AC2 The high-frequency portion is coupled to the phase modulation electrode 1111 through the shielding structure B, and the AC voltage V can be reduced through the shielding structure B. AC2 The low-frequency portion of the signal is filtered to reduce interference between low-frequency signals of the antenna device 1 and other antenna elements 11, which is equivalent to a filtering effect. Apart from this, the antenna device 4 of Embodiment 4 has the same or similar structure as the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1, and therefore the antenna device 4 of Embodiment 4 can also receive AC phase modulation voltage V. AC1 This reduces the accumulation of charged impurities on a specific substrate, thereby improving antenna performance or reliability.

[0077] Next, implementation type 5 of this application will be described. Figure 10 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device 5 according to embodiment 5 of this application. Figure 11 yes Figure 10A cross-sectional view along line A-A'. The difference between antenna device 5 of embodiment 5 and antenna device 1 of embodiment 1 is that spacers S1, S2, and / or S3 can be disposed in the liquid crystal layer 113 of antenna device 5 at locations not overlapping with the conductive lines. Spacers S1, S2, and S3 can have various heights; for example, spacer S1 may contact the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112, spacer S2 may not contact the second substrate 112, and spacer S3 may be lower than spacer S2. In this application, contact can include direct contact or indirect contact. In this application, the height of spacers that do not simultaneously contact the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 can be 50% to 95% of the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer 113, for example, 60%, 70%, or 80%, but is not limited thereto. By setting gaps of various heights, it is beneficial to maintain the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 113 or reduce the impact of variations in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 113, thereby reducing the phase modulation voltage V of the antenna element 11. AC1 and AC voltage V AC2 The waveform variation can have a voltage stabilizing effect. In addition, the antenna device 5 of Embodiment 5 has the same or similar structure as the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1, therefore the antenna device 5 of Embodiment 5 can also receive AC phase-modulated voltage V. AC1 This reduces the chance of charged impurities accumulating on a specific substrate, thereby improving antenna performance or reliability.

[0078] Next, implementation type 6 of this application will be described. Figure 12 This is a top view of the architecture of the antenna device 6 according to embodiment 6 of this application. Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The C-C' line cross-section is shown for simplicity. Figure 13Only the relationships between some components are shown, while other components are omitted. The antenna device 6 of Embodiment 6 differs from the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1 in that, in the liquid crystal layer 113 of the antenna device 6 of Embodiment 6, spacers Sa and / or Sb can be disposed where they do not overlap with the conductors, and metal spacers Ma and Mb are respectively sandwiched between spacers Sa and Sb and the first substrate 111. In the antenna device 6, the thicknesses of the metal spacers Ma and Mb can be approximately the same as those of the phase modulation electrode 1111. In one embodiment, the metal spacers Ma and Mb can also be formed in the same processing step as the phase modulation electrode 1111. This is achieved by placing spacers Sa on metal spacers Ma, which have a thickness approximately the same as that of the phase modulation electrode 1111. In one embodiment, a portion of the spacer Sb can be disposed on the metal spacer Mb, with another portion suspended outside the metal spacer Mb, and said other portion not in contact with the first substrate 111. In this way, the metal spacer Ma, the metal spacer Mb, the spacer Sa, and the spacer Sb can fill the space between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112, reducing the impact of thickness variations in the liquid crystal layer 113. Furthermore, the antenna device 6 of Embodiment 6 has the same or similar structure to the antenna device 1 of Embodiment 1, therefore, the antenna device 6 of Embodiment 6 can also receive AC phase modulation voltage V. AC1 This reduces the accumulation of charged impurities on a specific substrate, thereby improving antenna performance or reliability.

[0079] Next, implementation type 7 of this application will be described. Figure 14 This is a top view of the architecture of the electronic device according to Embodiment 7 of this application. The electronic device of Embodiment 7 is a combination of an antenna device 7 and a liquid crystal display panel 8. The antenna device 7 and the liquid crystal display panel 8 may share the same substrate, liquid crystal layer, and phase modulation circuit 12C, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the antenna device 7 and the liquid crystal display panel 8 may have different liquid crystal layers. For example, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display panel 8 may be less than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the antenna device 7, but is not limited thereto. The dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display panel 8 may be less than the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer of the antenna device 7, but is not limited thereto. In Embodiment 7, the phase modulation circuit 12C modulates the phase modulation voltage V... AC1 The antenna element 11, provided to the antenna device 7 via wire 121, can provide data signals to the pixels PX of the liquid crystal display panel 8 via data line DL. The phase modulation circuit 12C can function as a data driver for the liquid crystal display panel 8. The phase modulation circuit 12C can employ, for example, the methods described in this application. Figure 3BThe phase modulation circuit 12B shown is used to drive the liquid crystal display panel 8. Although the antenna device 7 and the liquid crystal display panel 8 can share the phase modulation circuit 12C, the phase modulation circuit 12C can drive the antenna device 7 and the liquid crystal display panel 8 with the same or different frequencies, which is not limited in this application.

[0080] The features disclosed above can be combined, modified, substituted or transferred with one or more disclosed embodiments in any appropriate manner, and are not limited to specific embodiments.

[0081] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising: Multiple antenna elements, at least one of which includes a first electrode, a second electrode overlapping the first electrode, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode; and A circuit is electrically connected to the second electrode and provides an electrical signal to the second electrode, wherein the second electrode is a phase modulation electrode; The second electrode directly receives a first electrical signal and indirectly receives a second electrical signal, wherein the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are alternating current. The liquid crystal layer contains multiple spacers with different heights. The first electrical signal has a positive voltage portion and a negative voltage portion relative to a voltage level of the first electrode.

2. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the plurality of antenna elements includes a third electrode overlapping the first electrode, the first electrode including a feed region, and the feed region overlapping the third electrode in the normal direction of a substrate.

3. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wire adjacent to the second electrode and disposed on a substrate, the first electrode including a cavity, and the wire and the cavity overlapping in the normal direction of the substrate.

4. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit includes a first circuit unit and a second circuit unit.

5. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The second electrical signal is indirectly provided to the second electrode via electromagnetic coupling.

6. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the first electrical signal is lower than the frequency of the second electrical signal.

7. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrical signal is a periodic wave, wherein within one period, the time integral of the positive voltage portion with respect to amplitude is 80% to 125% of the time integral of the negative voltage portion with respect to amplitude.

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