A multi-safety factor integrated protection system and control method for submerged water converter stations

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-safety factor integrated protection system and control method for a submerged water body converter station. An underwater energy storage power generation caisson, a converter station, and a compressed air bag are combined and placed in seawater. The peak and valley electricity of offshore wind power generation is utilized, and air is sucked in through the underwater energy storage power generation caisson to store water and absorb compressed gas for power generation. The compressed gas has a high density and carries low-temperature gas when released to provide heat exchange for the converter station. According to the known voltage, electric field, and temperature environmental requirements of each compartment, based on Basson's law and the function of filtering out oxygen by a semipermeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device, precise control of the pressure and temperature of each compartment is achieved by controlling the real-time coordination of a dehumidifier with a check valve and a semipermeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve. The converter station of the present invention is placed in seawater, making full use of the pressure and sealing characteristics of seawater in combination with the underwater energy storage power generation caisson to avoid changes in the air pressure and temperature of the converter station, corrosion of the equipment, and parasitism of marine organisms on the heat exchange equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of renewable power generation, and in particular relates to a multi-safety factor integrated protection system and a control method for a submerged water body converter station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of offshore wind power, particularly deep-sea wind power, offshore converter stations are being installed due to concerns about power transmission efficiency at great distances from shore. Due to the inherent instability of wind power generation and the location of converter stations in the marine environment, power supply stability, electrical equipment corrosion resistance, insulation withstand voltage, and heat dissipation are critical factors for reliable operation. However, current technologies for stable wind power generation rely on battery energy storage and pumped hydro. Fires associated with battery energy storage pose new risks to converter stations, while pumped hydro, due to its topographical, geological, and environmental requirements, poses new challenges to wind power stability.

[0003] The converter station is placed in a marine environment, where corrosion and marine biological parasites will affect its service life. In particular, heat exchangers are mostly made of materials with good thermal conductivity. If seawater is used for heat exchange, the corrosion of the heat exchanger will be particularly serious when immersed in seawater. Even if many new coatings are used, the protection ability is still limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-safety factor comprehensive protection system and control method for a submerged water body converter station. The multiple safety factors include: power supply, insulation, heat dissipation, fire prevention, etc. The underwater energy storage power generation caisson, converter station, and compressed air bag are combined and placed in seawater. The peak and valley electricity of offshore wind power generation is utilized, and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is drained and stored to absorb air, and compressed gas is introduced to generate electricity through water. The high density of compressed gas and the low-temperature gas carried when released are utilized to provide heat dissipation for the converter station. According to the known voltage, electric field, and temperature environmental requirements of each cabin, based on Basson's law and the oxygen filtering function of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device, the pressure and temperature of each cabin are precisely controlled by controlling the real-time coordination of the dehumidifier with a check valve and the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-safety factor integrated protection system for a submerged water body converter station, comprising an underwater energy storage power generation caisson, a compressed air bag, a converter station, an oxygen enrichment cabin, a pipeline support unit, and a platform; the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the converter station, the compressed air bag, and the oxygen enrichment cabin are placed in the water body;

[0007] The underwater energy storage power generation caisson is placed at the bottom of the water body and anchored to the bottom of the water body; the converter station is placed in the space above the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is interconnected through a pipe support unit, making full use of the weight of the converter station to increase the weight of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and reduce the anchoring tension of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson; the compressed air bag is placed between the converter station and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, close to the bottom of the converter station; the upper part of the compressed air bag is connected to the internal gas of the converter station through multiple dehumidifiers with pressure reducing valves embedded in the bottom of the converter station, and is connected to the upper part of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through a compressed gas output pipeline, thereby establishing a compressed gas channel;

[0008] The oxygen enrichment cabin is located on the top of the converter station and is connected to the converter station gas through a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device embedded in the top of the converter station;

[0009] The platform is placed on the upper part of the oxygen enrichment cabin and is located on the sea surface, and is connected to the sea surface through a pipeline support unit;

[0010] The pipeline support unit is four hollow reinforced concrete columns, which support the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation and fire protection comprehensive protection systems of the submerged water body converter station. At the same time, the hollow reinforced concrete columns also take into account the pipeline functions, including compressed gas output pipelines, air intake pipelines, water intake and discharge pipelines and exhaust pipelines, all of which are vertically fixed at the four corners of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and connected to the inner wall and bottom of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. Except for the compressed gas output pipeline, all other pipelines are fixed through the converter station, oxygen enrichment cabin and fixedly connected to the platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust duct runs through the platform, oxygen-enriched cabin, converter station and underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and an elevator or climbing ladder is installed inside, with exhaust and personnel entry and exit passages for each compartment. Platform doors, oxygen-enriched cabin doors, converter station doors and underwater energy storage power generation caisson doors are installed at the bottom of the corresponding platform, oxygen-enriched cabin, converter station and underwater energy storage power generation caisson respectively, and each door is opened or closed under manual / automatic control; when the elevator is not working, it is at the top of the exhaust duct and will not affect the entry and exit of gas.

[0012] Furthermore, a dehumidifier with a check valve is embedded in the upper part of the compressed gas output pipeline near the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and is connected to one side of the compressed air bag on the upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline to establish a gas channel between the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the compressed air bag; the top of the compressed gas output pipeline is connected to the bottom of the converter station to provide support for the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation, and fire protection comprehensive protection system of the submerged water converter station.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the inlet and drainage pipe is connected to one end of a pumping / hydro turbine generator installed near the bottom of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the top of the inlet and drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform. At the same time, the inlet and drainage pipe can support the platform, and an inlet and drainage port is installed on the upper part of the inlet and drainage pipe, which is placed below the horizontal plane of the upper water body; wherein the inlet and drainage port of the inlet and drainage pipe is placed below the horizontal plane of the upper water body, ensuring the power generation and water supply of the pumping / hydro turbine generator when the sea water level is low, while taking ecological protection into consideration and not disturbing the water ecology at the bottom of the water body.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the air intake pipe passes through the platform, and an air check valve is embedded in the air inlet of the air intake pipe. The air intake pipe has an air intake pipe outlet near the top inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. During the drainage and energy storage process of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the air check valve opens, and air is sucked into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the air inlet and the air outlet of the air intake pipe. When the underwater energy storage power generation caisson generates electricity, the air check valve closes, and the water head pressure causes water to enter the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, compressing the atmosphere inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson.

[0015] Furthermore, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson includes an underwater caisson, a suction anchor compartment and a pumping / hydraulic turbine generator integrated machine; wherein the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator integrated machine includes a pump and a hydro-turbine generator.

[0016] The suction anchor compartment is located at the lower part of the underwater caisson bottom. It is an integrated connection between the bottomless compartment structure and the underwater caisson structure. A drainage hole is opened in the middle of the suction anchor compartment and the underwater caisson bottom. Based on the suction anchor principle, the suction anchor compartment is embedded in the seabed, thereby fixing the underwater caisson on the seabed. The pumping / hydro-turbine generator is placed inside the underwater caisson near the bottom. One end of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is connected to the interior of the underwater caisson, and the other end is connected to one end of a water inlet and outlet pipe fixed to the inner wall of the underwater caisson. Inside the underwater caisson, the upper surface is connected to the air inlet pipe outlet and the compressed gas output pipe. While the pumping / hydro-turbine generator discharges water and stores energy, the underwater caisson draws in gas through the air inlet pipe. When the underwater caisson generates electricity, the head pressure drives the turbine of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator to fill the underwater caisson with water, simultaneously compressing the gas inside the underwater caisson. The compressed gas passes through the compressed gas output pipe and a dehumidifier with a check valve on the pipe, compressing the compressed gas in the underwater caisson into an air bag. The power supply of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is connected to the corresponding power supply of the converter station.

[0017] Furthermore, the compressed airbag includes an airbag and a heat exchanger;

[0018] The airbag is a flat rectangular parallelepiped with a rigid structure except for the elastic bottom. The elastic structure has a certain degree of thermal conductivity and is located below the converter station. The upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline is connected to one side of the airbag. The compressed gas from the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed into the airbag through the compressed gas output pipeline via a dehumidifier with a check valve.

[0019] The heat exchanger is placed in the center of the airbag and connected to the heat source of the converter station. It dissipates the heat from the converter station through heat conduction of the compressed gas. The rigid structure of the airbag primarily ensures the reliability of the heat exchanger. If the bottom of the airbag is damaged, the rigid structure will discharge the water under the pressure of the compressed gas, and it can still carry the compressed gas, but the compressed gas capacity is limited.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper side of the compressed air bag is connected to a dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve corresponding to the bottom of the converter station;

[0021] The converter station is divided into a high-voltage compartment, a control cabinet compartment and a monitoring compartment, and the three compartments are relatively sealed and isolated;

[0022] Dehumidifiers with pressure reducing valves are installed at the bottom of the high-pressure compartment, control cabinet compartment, and monitoring compartment. The other end of each dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is connected to the top of the compressed air bag. The compressed gas in the compressed air bag is further dehumidified by the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve. Based on Basson's law, voltage, and electric field strength, the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is controlled to provide the optimal gas pressure for each compartment, ensuring the best insulation characteristics and temperature control for each compartment.

[0023] The high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin are connected to the lower part of the oxygen-enriched cabin through a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve embedded in the upper part of the cabin. Based on the function of filtering out oxygen by the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve, gas convection is formed by controlling the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the equipment in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin. At the same time, the oxygen in the air is filtered and the nitrogen is retained, so that the oxygen concentration in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin is lower than 14%, thereby reducing the oxygen content in the air in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin to make them not have combustion conditions. Nitrogen protection is provided while dissipating heat for the equipment in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin, thereby avoiding fire and related mold growth.

[0024] The monitoring cabin is connected to the lower part of the oxygen enrichment cabin through a cabin control valve embedded in the upper part of the cabin. The cabin control valve ensures the ambient temperature and pressure of the monitoring cabin, providing a safe and comfortable environment for maintenance personnel.

[0025] The oxygen-enriched cabin collects the oxygen in the high-pressure cabin and control cabinet cabin of the converter station, which is filtered out by several semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter devices, to form an oxygen-enriched space, which is collected and stored for marine activities; the gas in the oxygen-enriched cabin can also be discharged through the platform door through the oxygen-enriched cabin door installed in the exhaust pipe, carrying the gas from the monitoring cabin; at this time, the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve and the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve cooperate to finely adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin and monitoring cabin in the converter station.

[0026] Furthermore, the platform is supported by compressed gas output pipes, air intake pipes, water inlet and outlet pipes, and exhaust pipes to carry and transport equipment, personnel, and helicopters. The platform door on the exhaust pipe provides personnel with access to the oxygen enrichment cabin, converter station, underwater energy storage and power generation caisson, high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin, and monitoring cabin.

[0027] When personnel enter the converter station, the converter station door is first opened remotely, so that the nitrogen in the converter station is discharged from the converter station door through the exhaust pipe and the platform door. The dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is simultaneously controlled to control the air pressure entering the high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin and monitoring cabin to ensure the safety of personnel working.

[0028] The present invention also provides a control method for a multi-safety factor integrated protection system for a submerged water body converter station, wherein the states of the compartment doors on the exhaust duct are as follows: under the control of the controller, the platform door and the oxygen enrichment compartment door are in the open state, the converter station door and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson door are in the closed state, and the elevator is placed on the top of the exhaust duct;

[0029] The control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: The underwater energy storage power generation caisson is placed in the water body. The peak power or surplus power generated by wind power is used to discharge the water in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the pump of the water pumping / hydro turbine generator integrated machine to store energy. At the same time, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to open to suck the atmosphere into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is subjected to the water depth pressure. Based on the suction anchor principle, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson structure is further stabilized.

[0031] Step 2: When the wind power generation is off-peak or outage occurs, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to close, and the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydraulic turbine generator is quickly started. The pressure difference between the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the water depth is used to drive the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydraulic turbine generator to generate power for the converter station and the grid. At the same time, as the power generation quantity increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed. The dehumidified gas is compressed into the compressed air bag through a dehumidifier with a check valve and a compressed gas output pipeline, providing heat dissipation for the converter station.

[0032] Step 3: Ensure emergency power supply to the converter station by always controlling the water level in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson to ensure that it is at the emergency power supply level for the largest generator;

[0033] Step 4: Ensure the heat dissipation requirements of the converter station and control the energy storage and power generation process of the underwater energy storage caisson in a time-sharing manner according to the upper and lower limits of the gas pressure and temperature of the compressed air bag;

[0034] Step 5: Based on the known voltage, electric field, and temperature requirements of the high-voltage compartment, control cabinet compartment, and monitoring compartment within the converter station, and based on Basson's law and the oxygen filtration function of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter, the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is first controlled to ensure that each compartment is at an optimal gas pressure state to improve insulation properties. The gas flow of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve is then controlled to reduce the oxygen content and control the ambient temperature. Thus, by controlling the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve and the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve in real-time coordination, precise control of the pressure and temperature of each compartment is achieved. To facilitate equipment heat dissipation and fire prevention, oxygen is filtered from the air and nitrogen is retained to keep the indoor oxygen concentration below 14%. This reduces the oxygen content in the indoor air of the converter station, making it impossible to burn. This provides nitrogen protection while dissipating heat for the equipment indoors, preventing fires and related mold growth.

[0035] Step 6. When the converter station is working, the exhaust pipe platform and the door inside the oxygen-enriched cabin are in the open state. At this time, the heat exchange gas in the converter station enters the oxygen-enriched cabin through several semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter devices, and is then discharged through the oxygen-enriched cabin door and the exhaust pipe platform door. When a person enters the converter station, the converter station door in the exhaust pipe is first opened remotely, and the door of the cabin to be entered is opened in turn, so that the nitrogen in the converter station is discharged from this door, and the decompressed air in the compressed air bag enters the converter station, ensuring the safety of the personnel.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] 1) The converter station of the present invention is placed in seawater, fully utilizing the pressure and sealing characteristics of seawater in combination with an underwater energy storage and power generation caisson. This allows compressed gas to improve heat exchange, fire prevention, mold growth, dust control, and insulation strength of the converter station, thereby preventing the infestation of marine organisms and corrosion of equipment in the converter station.

[0038] 2) The underwater energy storage power generation caisson of the present invention is analogous to pumped storage power generation, fully and effectively utilizing the kinetic energy of water depth pressure to generate power and compress gas. The water in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is used to drain water, store energy, and absorb gas. The compressed gas has no mechanical loss and is highly efficient, while also providing stable power supply to the converter station.

[0039] 3) The present invention does not disturb the lower marine ecosystem;

[0040] 4) The present invention fully utilizes the compressed gas generated during the energy storage and power generation process in the underwater energy storage caisson, which has high relative pressure and density. Based on Basson's law, it provides a highly insulated environment for the converter station. Furthermore, the refrigeration and independent control of each compartment during the compressed gas release process provide precise pressure and heat dissipation control for equipment in different compartments within the converter station. Because compressed gas temperature control is used to isolate the equipment from seawater and marine life, reliability is improved and maintenance requirements are reduced.

[0041] 5) The present invention fully utilizes semipermeable membrane technology to achieve gas dehumidification, nitrogen and oxygen separation, and gas and water isolation;

[0042] 6) The present invention fully utilizes the suction anchor principle to fix the underwater energy storage and power generation caisson on the seabed to ensure the stability of the system structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a multi-safety-element integrated protection system for a submerged water body converter station according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation and fire protection integrated protection system of the submerged water body converter station of the present invention includes an underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, a compressed air bag 2, a converter station 3, an oxygen enrichment cabin 4, a pipeline support unit and a platform 5; the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, the converter station 3, the compressed air bag 2 and the oxygen enrichment cabin 4 are placed in the water body.

[0046] The underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 is placed at the bottom of the water body and anchored there. The converter station 3 is placed in the space above the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 and is interconnected via a pipe support unit, fully utilizing the weight of the converter station 3 to increase the weight of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 and reduce the anchoring tension of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1. The compressed air bag 2 is placed between the converter station 3 and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, close to the bottom of the converter station 3. The upper part of the compressed air bag 2 is connected to the internal gas of the converter station 3 through multiple dehumidifiers with pressure reducing valves embedded in the bottom of the converter station 3, and is connected to the upper part of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 via a compressed gas output pipeline, establishing a compressed gas channel.

[0047] The oxygen enrichment cabin 4 is located on the top of the converter station 3 and is in gas communication with the converter station 3 via a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device 26 with a control valve embedded in the top of the converter station 3 .

[0048] The platform 5 is placed on the upper part of the oxygen enrichment cabin 4 and is located on the sea surface, and is connected to the oxygen enrichment cabin 4 through a pipeline support unit.

[0049] The pipeline support unit is four hollow reinforced concrete columns, which support the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation, and fire protection comprehensive protection systems of the submerged water body converter station. At the same time, the hollow reinforced concrete columns also take into account the pipeline function, including the compressed gas output pipeline 6, the air intake pipeline 7, the water intake and discharge pipeline 8, and the exhaust pipeline 9, which are all vertically fixedly installed at the four corners of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, and connected to the inner wall of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 and the underwater caisson bottom 32. Except for the compressed gas output pipeline 6, all other pipelines are fixed through the converter station 3, the oxygen enrichment cabin 4, and fixedly connected to the platform 5.

[0050] The exhaust duct 9 runs through the platform 5, oxygen-enriched chamber 4, converter station 3, and underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 1. An elevator 10 or climbing ladder 11 is installed inside, providing exhaust and access to the various compartments. Platform doors 28, oxygen-enriched chamber doors 29, converter station doors 30, and underwater energy storage and power generation caisson doors 31 are installed at the bottoms of the corresponding platforms 5, oxygen-enriched chamber 4, converter station 3, and underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 1, respectively. These doors can be opened or closed manually or automatically. When not in operation, the elevator 10 is located at the top of the exhaust duct 9 and does not affect the flow of gas.

[0051] Furthermore, a dehumidifier 12 with a check valve is embedded in the compressed gas output pipeline 6, near the upper portion of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1. The upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline 6 is connected to one side of the compressed air bag 2, establishing a gas passage between the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 and the compressed air bag 2. The top of the compressed gas output pipeline 6 is connected to the bottom of the converter station 3, providing support for the multi-factor integrated protection system of the submerged water converter station.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom of the inlet and outlet pipe 8 is connected to one end of a pumping / hydraulic turbine generator 13 installed near the bottom of the underwater energy storage and power generation caisson 1. The top of the inlet and outlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform 5, supporting the platform 5. An inlet and outlet port 14 is installed on the upper portion of the inlet and outlet pipe 8, located below the horizontal surface 15 of the upper water body. The inlet and outlet port 14 of the inlet and outlet pipe 8 is located below the horizontal surface of the upper water body, mainly to ensure that the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator 13 can generate electricity and supply water during low tide, while also considering ecological protection and not disturbing the water ecology at the bottom of the water body.

[0053] Furthermore, the top of the air intake pipe 7 passes through the platform 5, and an air check valve 17 is embedded and installed at the air inlet 16 of the air intake pipe. The air intake pipe 7 has an air intake pipe outlet 18 near the top inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1. During the drainage and energy storage process of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, the air check valve 17 is opened, and air is sucked into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 through the air intake pipe inlet 16 and the air intake pipe outlet 18. When the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 generates electricity, the air check valve 17 is closed, and the water head pressure causes water to enter the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, compressing the atmosphere inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1.

[0054] The underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 mainly includes: an underwater caisson 19, a suction anchor compartment 35 and a pumping / hydraulic turbine generator 13;

[0055] The suction anchor pod 35 is located below the underwater caisson bottom 32. It is a bottomless pod structure integrally connected to the underwater caisson 19. A drainage hole 33 is provided between the suction anchor pod 35 and the underwater caisson bottom 32. Based on the suction anchor principle, the suction anchor pod 35 is embedded in the seabed 34, thereby securing the underwater caisson 19 to the seabed 34. The pumping / hydro-turbine generator 13 is placed inside the underwater caisson 19 near the bottom. One end of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator 13 is connected to the interior of the underwater caisson 19, and the other end is connected to one end of the water inlet and outlet pipe 8 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the underwater caisson 19. The upper surface of the underwater caisson 19 is connected to the air inlet pipe outlet 18 and the compressed gas output pipe 6. While the pumping / turbine generator 13 is discharging water to store energy, air is drawn into the underwater caisson 19 through the air inlet pipe 7. When the underwater caisson 19 generates electricity, the water head pressure drives the turbine of the pumping / turbine generator 13 to inject water into the underwater caisson 19, simultaneously compressing the gas within the underwater caisson 19. The compressed gas passes through the compressed gas output pipe 6 and the dehumidifier 12 with a check valve on the pipe, compressing the compressed gas within the underwater caisson 19 into the airbag 2. The power supply of the pumping / turbine generator 13 is connected to the corresponding power supply of the converter station 3.

[0056] The compressed air bag 2 mainly includes: an air bag 20 and a heat exchanger 21;

[0057] Among them, the airbag 20 is a flat rectangular parallelepiped. Except for the elastic bottom, the other parts are rigid structures. The elastic structure has a certain thermal conductivity and is located below the converter station 3; the upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline 6 is connected to one side of the airbag 20, and the compressed gas in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1 is compressed into the airbag 20 through the compressed gas output pipeline 6 via the dehumidifier 12 with a check valve.

[0058] The heat exchanger 21 is placed in the middle of the airbag 20. The heat exchanger 21 is connected to the main heat source of the converter station 3. The heat exchanger 21 will dissipate the heat source of the converter station 3 through compressed gas heat conduction. Since the bottom of the airbag 20 is an elastic structure, the gas pressure is relatively stable at the depth pressure of seawater and has a certain thermal conductivity. The temperature of the heat exchanger 21 is formed by the exchange of temperature between the compressed gas and the seawater to form hot and cold convection compressed gas. At the same time, the compressed gas has a high gas density, which is beneficial to the temperature exchange between the heat exchanger 21 and the seawater. Similarly, the elastic structure size of the bottom of the airbag 20 changes with the increase or decrease of the compressed gas volume, which is beneficial to the compressed gas disturbance to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 21. In order to ensure the reliability of the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 21, when the bottom of the airbag 20 is damaged, the rigid structure part of the airbag 20 is discharged from the water under the pressure of the compressed gas and can still carry the compressed gas, but the capacity of the compressed gas is limited. Furthermore, the compressed airbag 2 is connected to the dehumidifier 25 with a pressure reducing valve corresponding to the bottom of the converter station 3;

[0059] The converter station 3 is divided into a high-voltage compartment 22, a control cabinet compartment 23 and a monitoring compartment 24, which are relatively sealed and isolated.

[0060] Dehumidifiers 25 with pressure reducing valves are installed at the bottom of the high-pressure compartment 22, the control cabinet compartment 23, and the monitoring compartment 24. The other end of each dehumidifier 25 is connected to the top of the compressed air bag 2. The compressed gas in the compressed air bag 2 is further dehumidified by the dehumidifier 25 with pressure reducing valves. Based on Basson's law, voltage, and electric field strength, the dehumidifiers 25 with pressure reducing valves are controlled to provide the optimal gas pressure for each compartment, ensuring the optimal insulation properties and temperature control of each compartment.

[0061] The high-pressure cabin 22 and the control cabinet cabin 23 are connected to the lower part of the oxygen-enriched cabin 4 through a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device 26 with a control valve embedded in the upper part of the cabin; based on the function of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device 26 with a control valve to filter out oxygen, gas convection is formed by controlling the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device 26 with a control valve, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the equipment in the high-pressure cabin 22 and the control cabinet cabin 23, and at the same time filters the oxygen in the air and retains nitrogen, so that the oxygen concentration in the high-pressure cabin 22 and the control cabinet cabin 23 is lower than 14%, reducing the oxygen content in the air in the high-pressure cabin 22 and the control cabinet cabin 23 so that they do not have combustion conditions, and providing nitrogen protection while dissipating heat for the equipment in the high-pressure cabin 22 and the control cabinet cabin 23, avoiding fire and related mold growth.

[0062] The monitoring cabin 24 is connected to the lower part of the oxygen-enriched cabin 4 through a cabin control valve 27 embedded in the upper part of the cabin. The cabin control valve 27 ensures the ambient temperature and pressure of the monitoring cabin 24, providing a safe and comfortable environment for maintenance personnel.

[0063] The oxygen-enriched chamber 4 collects oxygen filtered from the high-pressure compartment 22 and control cabinet compartment 23 of the converter station 3 through several semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filters with control valves, creating an oxygen-enriched space that can be collected and stored for use in marine activities. Because the exhaust duct 9 is equipped with an oxygen-enriched chamber door 29, gases, including those from the monitoring compartment 24, are discharged through the oxygen-enriched chamber door 29 and the platform door 28. The semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter 26 with a control valve and the dehumidifier 25 with a pressure reducing valve can finely adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure compartment 22, control cabinet compartment 23, and monitoring compartment 24 within the converter station 3.

[0064] Since the underwater caisson 19 is placed in the water body, when there is a peak period of wind power generation or surplus electricity, the water in the underwater caisson 19 is discharged to store energy through the pump of the pumping / hydro turbine generator 13, and the atmosphere is sucked into the underwater caisson 19 at the same time. At this time, the underwater caisson 19 is subjected to the depth pressure of the water body, and based on the suction anchor principle, the structure of the underwater caisson 19 is further stabilized. During a low wind power generation period or power outage, the generator of the integrated pumping / hydro-turbine generator 13 is quickly started, utilizing the pressure difference between the underwater caisson 19 and the water depth to drive the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydro-turbine generator 13 to generate power for the converter station 3 and the power grid. Simultaneously, as power generation increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater caisson 19 is compressed and dehumidified by a dehumidifier 12 with a check valve. The dehumidified compressed gas is then discharged through a compressed gas output pipe 6 into the compressed air bag 2 for heat exchange with the heat exchanger 21. Due to the high density of the compressed gas, it is non-corrosive. Based on the principle of thermal conductivity of air: the greater the gas density, the greater the thermal conductivity, the higher the heat exchange efficiency. This facilitates efficient heat exchange in the heat exchanger 21, preventing corrosion from contact between the heat exchanger 21 and seawater and the infestation of marine organisms. Due to the certain thermal conductivity of the compressed air bag 2, the high density of the compressed gas and the high exchange efficiency with the seawater temperature are high. Also based on the refrigerator refrigeration principle, when the compressed gas in the compressed air bag 2 is further dehumidified by the dehumidifier 25 with a pressure reducing valve and the compressed gas is decompressed, the gas is quickly released and released into the converter station 3 with a relatively low gas temperature, dissipating the temperature of the high-pressure cabin 22, the control cabinet cabin 23 and the monitoring cabin 24 in the converter station 3.

[0065] The platform 5 is supported by a compressed gas output pipe 6, an air intake pipe 7, an air inlet and outlet pipe 8, and an exhaust pipe 9, and provides a means for carrying and transferring equipment, personnel, and helicopters. The platform door 28 of the platform 5 on the exhaust pipe 9 provides a passage for personnel to enter and exit the oxygen enrichment cabin 4, the converter station 3, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson 1, the high-pressure cabin 22, the control cabinet cabin 23, and the monitoring cabin 24.

[0066] When a person enters the converter station 3, the converter station door 30 is first opened by remote control, so that the nitrogen in the converter station 3 is discharged from the converter station door 30 through the exhaust pipe 9 and the platform door 28. The dehumidifier 25 with a pressure reducing valve is simultaneously controlled to control the air pressure entering the high-pressure cabin 22, the control cabinet cabin 23 and the monitoring cabin 24 to ensure the safety of personnel working.

[0067] The present invention also provides a control method for a multi-safety factor integrated protection system for a submerged water body converter station. At this time, the status of each compartment door on the exhaust duct is: under the control of the controller, the platform door and the oxygen-enriched compartment door are in the open state, the converter station door and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson door are in the closed state, and the elevator is placed on the top of the exhaust duct.

[0068] The control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Since the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is placed in the water body, peak power or surplus power generated by wind power can be used to discharge the water in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the pump of the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator integrated machine to store energy. At the same time, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to open to suck the atmosphere into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is subjected to the water depth pressure. Based on the suction anchor principle, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson structure is further stabilized.

[0070] Step 2: When the wind power generation is in valley power or outage, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to close, and the turbine generator of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is quickly started. The pressure difference between the water depth and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is used to drive the turbine generator of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator to generate electricity to supply power to the converter station and support the power of the grid. At the same time, as the power generation quantity increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed, and the dehumidified gas is compressed into the compressed air bag through a dehumidifier with a check valve and a compressed gas output pipeline to provide heat exchange for the converter station.

[0071] Step 3: Ensure emergency power supply to the converter station and always control the water level in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson to ensure that the water level is kept at the emergency power supply level of the largest generator.

[0072] Step 4: Ensure the heat dissipation requirements of the converter station and control the energy storage and power generation process of the underwater energy storage caisson in a time-sharing manner according to the upper and lower limit requirements of the gas pressure and temperature of the compressed air bag.

[0073] Step 5: Based on the known voltage, electric field, and temperature requirements of the high-voltage compartment, control cabinet compartment, and monitoring compartment within the converter station, and using Basson's law and the oxygen filtration function of the semipermeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter, the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is first controlled to ensure optimal gas pressure in each compartment to improve insulation properties. The gas flow in the semipermeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve is then controlled to reduce the oxygen content and control the ambient temperature. This allows for real-time coordination between the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve and the semipermeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve, achieving precise pressure and temperature control in each compartment. To facilitate heat dissipation and fire prevention, oxygen is filtered from the air while nitrogen is retained, keeping the indoor oxygen concentration below 14%. This reduces the oxygen content in the air within the converter station, making it incombustible. This provides nitrogen protection for equipment heat dissipation and prevents fires and mold growth.

[0074] Step 6: When the converter station is operating, the exhaust duct platform and the doors inside the oxygen enrichment cabin are open. Heat exchange gases flow through several semipermeable molecular sieve oxygen filters into the oxygen enrichment cabin before being discharged through the oxygen enrichment cabin door and the exhaust duct platform door. When a person enters the converter station, the station door in the exhaust duct is remotely opened, followed by the doors of the desired cabin. This allows nitrogen to escape through these doors, allowing the decompressed air in the compressed airbag to enter the converter station, ensuring safe operation.

[0075] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations, characterized in that: It includes an underwater energy storage power generation caisson, a compressed air bag, a converter station, an oxygen enrichment cabin, a pipeline support unit, and a platform; the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the converter station, the compressed air bag, and the oxygen enrichment cabin are placed in the water body; The underwater energy storage power generation caisson is placed at the bottom of the water body and anchored to the bottom of the water body; the converter station is placed in the space above the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and is interconnected through a pipe support unit, making full use of the weight of the converter station to increase the weight of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and reduce the anchoring tension of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson; the compressed air bag is placed between the converter station and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, close to the bottom of the converter station; the upper part of the compressed air bag is connected to the internal gas of the converter station through multiple dehumidifiers with pressure reducing valves embedded in the bottom of the converter station, and is connected to the upper part of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through a compressed gas output pipeline, thereby establishing a compressed gas channel; The oxygen enrichment cabin is located on the top of the converter station and is connected to the converter station gas through a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device embedded in the top of the converter station; The platform is placed on the upper part of the oxygen enrichment cabin and is located on the sea surface, and is connected to the sea surface through a pipeline support unit; The pipeline support unit is composed of four hollow reinforced concrete columns, which support the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation, and fire protection integrated protection systems of the submerged water body converter station. At the same time, the hollow reinforced concrete columns also take into account the pipeline function, including the compressed gas output pipeline, air intake pipeline, water intake and discharge pipeline, and exhaust pipeline. They are all vertically fixed at the four corners of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and connected to the inner wall and bottom of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. Except for the compressed gas output pipeline, all other pipelines are fixed through the converter station, the oxygen enrichment cabin, and fixedly connected to the platform. The underwater energy storage power generation caisson includes an underwater caisson, a suction anchor compartment and a pumping / hydraulic turbine generator integrated machine; The suction anchor compartment is located at the bottom of the underwater caisson. It is an integrated connection between the bottomless compartment structure and the underwater caisson structure. A drainage hole is opened between the suction anchor compartment and the underwater caisson bottom. Based on the suction anchor principle, the suction anchor compartment is embedded in the seabed, thereby fixing the underwater caisson on the seabed. The pumping / hydro-turbine generator is placed inside the underwater caisson near the bottom. One end of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is connected to the inside of the underwater caisson, and the other end is connected to one end of the water inlet and outlet pipe fixedly installed on the inner wall of the underwater caisson; the upper part of the underwater caisson is connected to the air outlet of the air inlet pipe and the compressed gas output pipe respectively. When the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is discharging water to store energy, the underwater caisson draws in gas through the air inlet pipe. When the underwater caisson generates electricity, the head pressure drives the turbine of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator to inject water into the underwater caisson. At the same time, the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed. The compressed gas passes through the compressed gas output pipe and the dehumidifier with a check valve on the pipe, compressing the compressed gas in the underwater caisson into the air bag; the power supply of the pumping / hydro-turbine generator is connected to the corresponding power supply of the converter station.

2. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust duct runs through the platform, oxygen-enriched cabin, converter station and underwater energy storage power generation caisson. An elevator or climbing ladder is installed inside, and has exhaust and personnel access to each compartment. Platform doors, oxygen-enriched cabin doors, converter station doors and underwater energy storage power generation caisson doors are installed at the bottom of the corresponding platform, oxygen-enriched cabin, converter station and underwater energy storage power generation caisson respectively. Each door is opened or closed under manual / automatic control; when the elevator is not working, it is at the top of the exhaust duct and will not affect the entry and exit of gas.

3. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A dehumidifier with a check valve is embedded in the upper part of the compressed gas output pipeline near the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and is connected to one side of the compressed air bag on the upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline to establish a gas channel between the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the compressed air bag; the top of the compressed gas output pipeline is connected to the bottom of the converter station to provide support for the power supply, insulation, heat dissipation, and fire protection comprehensive protection system of the submerged water converter station.

4. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the inlet and drainage pipe is connected to one end of the pumping / hydro turbine generator installed near the bottom of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, and the top of the inlet and drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the platform. At the same time, the inlet and drainage pipe can support the platform. An inlet and drainage port is installed on the upper part of the inlet and drainage pipe and is placed below the horizontal plane of the upper water body; wherein, the inlet and drainage port of the inlet and drainage pipe is placed below the horizontal plane of the upper water body, ensuring the power generation and water supply of the pumping / hydro turbine generator when the sea water level is low, while taking ecological protection into consideration and not disturbing the water ecology at the bottom of the water body.

5. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the air intake pipe passes through the platform, and an air check valve is embedded in the air inlet of the air intake pipe. The air intake pipe has an air intake pipe outlet near the top inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. During the drainage and energy storage process of the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, the air check valve opens, and air is sucked into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the air inlet and air outlet of the air intake pipe. When the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is generating electricity, the air check valve closes, and the water head pressure causes water to enter the underwater energy storage power generation caisson, compressing the atmosphere inside the underwater energy storage power generation caisson.

6. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed air bag includes an air bag and a heat exchanger; The airbag is a flat rectangular parallelepiped with a rigid structure except for the elastic bottom. The elastic structure has a certain degree of thermal conductivity and is located below the converter station. The upper side of the compressed gas output pipeline is connected to one side of the airbag. The compressed gas from the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed into the airbag through the compressed gas output pipeline via a dehumidifier with a check valve. The heat exchanger is placed in the middle of the airbag and is connected to the heat source of the converter station. The heat exchanger will dissipate the heat source of the converter station through compressed gas heat conduction.

7. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper side of the compressed air bag is connected to a dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve corresponding to the bottom of the converter station; The converter station is divided into a high-voltage compartment, a control cabinet compartment and a monitoring compartment, and the three compartments are relatively sealed and isolated; Dehumidifiers with pressure reducing valves are installed at the bottom of the high-pressure compartment, control cabinet compartment, and monitoring compartment. The other end of each dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is connected to the top of the compressed air bag. The compressed gas in the compressed air bag is further dehumidified by the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve. Based on Basson's law, voltage, and electric field strength, the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is controlled to provide the optimal gas pressure for each compartment, ensuring the best insulation characteristics and temperature control for each compartment. The high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin are connected to the lower part of the oxygen-enriched cabin through a semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve embedded in the upper part of the cabin. Based on the function of filtering out oxygen by the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve, gas convection is formed by controlling the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the equipment in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin. At the same time, the oxygen in the air is filtered and the nitrogen is retained, so that the oxygen concentration in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin is lower than 14%, reducing the oxygen content in the air in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin to make them not have combustion conditions. While dissipating heat for the equipment in the high-pressure cabin and the control cabinet cabin, nitrogen protection is provided to avoid fire and related mold growth. The monitoring cabin is connected to the lower part of the oxygen enrichment cabin through a cabin control valve embedded in the upper part of the cabin. The cabin control valve ensures the ambient temperature and pressure of the monitoring cabin, providing a safe and comfortable environment for maintenance personnel. The oxygen-enriched cabin collects the oxygen in the high-pressure cabin and control cabinet cabin of the converter station, which is filtered out by several semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter devices, to form an oxygen-enriched space, which is collected and stored for marine activities; the gas in the oxygen-enriched cabin can also be discharged through the platform door through the oxygen-enriched cabin door installed in the exhaust pipe, carrying the gas from the monitoring cabin; at this time, the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter device with a control valve and the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve cooperate to finely adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin and monitoring cabin in the converter station.

8. The multi-safety factor integrated protection system for submerged water converter stations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The platform is supported by compressed gas output pipes, air intake pipes, water inlet and outlet pipes, and exhaust pipes to carry and transport equipment, personnel, and helicopters. The platform door on the exhaust pipe provides personnel with access to the oxygen enrichment cabin, converter station, underwater energy storage and power generation caisson, high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin, and monitoring cabin. When personnel enter the converter station, the converter station door is first opened remotely, so that the nitrogen in the converter station is discharged from the converter station door through the exhaust pipe and the platform door. The dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve is simultaneously controlled to control the air pressure entering the high-pressure cabin, control cabinet cabin and monitoring cabin to ensure the safety of personnel working.

9. A control method for a multi-safety factor integrated protection system for a submerged water body converter station according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The status of each compartment door on the exhaust duct is as follows: under the control of the controller, the platform door and the oxygen enrichment compartment door are in the open state, the converter station door and the underwater energy storage power generation caisson door are in the closed state, and the elevator is placed on the top of the exhaust duct; The control method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The underwater energy storage power generation caisson is placed in the water body. The peak power or surplus power generated by wind power is used to discharge the water in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson through the pump of the water pumping / hydro turbine generator integrated machine to store energy. At the same time, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to open to suck the atmosphere into the underwater energy storage power generation caisson. At this time, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is subjected to the water depth pressure. Based on the suction anchor principle, the underwater energy storage power generation caisson structure is further stabilized. Step 2: When the wind power generation is off-peak or outage occurs, the atmospheric air intake valve is controlled to close, and the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydraulic turbine generator is quickly started. The pressure difference between the underwater energy storage power generation caisson and the water depth is used to drive the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydraulic turbine generator to generate power for the converter station and the grid. At the same time, as the power generation quantity increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson is compressed. The dehumidified gas is compressed into the compressed air bag through a dehumidifier with a check valve and a compressed gas output pipeline, providing heat dissipation for the converter station. Step 3: Ensure emergency power supply to the converter station by always controlling the water level in the underwater energy storage power generation caisson to ensure that it is at the emergency power supply level for the largest generator; Step 4: Ensure the heat dissipation requirements of the converter station and control the energy storage and power generation process of the underwater energy storage caisson in a time-sharing manner according to the upper and lower limits of the gas pressure and temperature of the compressed air bag; Step 5: Based on the known voltage, electric field, and temperature requirements of the high-voltage compartment, control cabinet compartment, and monitoring compartment in the converter station, and based on Basson's law and the oxygen filtering function of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter, first control the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve to ensure that each compartment is in an optimal gas pressure state to improve insulation properties. Then, control the gas flow of the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve to reduce the oxygen content on the one hand and form a gas flow to control the ambient temperature on the other hand. Thus, by controlling the dehumidifier with a pressure reducing valve and the semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter with a control valve in real-time coordination, precise control of the pressure and temperature of each compartment is achieved. At the same time, oxygen in the air is filtered and nitrogen is retained to reduce the indoor oxygen concentration to below 14%, thereby reducing the oxygen content in the indoor air of the converter station to prevent combustion conditions. This provides nitrogen protection while dissipating heat for the indoor equipment of the converter station, preventing fire and related mold growth. Step 6. When the converter station is working, the exhaust pipe platform and the door inside the oxygen-enriched cabin are in the open state. At this time, the heat exchange gas in the converter station enters the oxygen-enriched cabin through several semi-permeable membrane molecular sieve oxygen filter devices, and is then discharged through the oxygen-enriched cabin door and the exhaust pipe platform door. When a person enters the converter station, the converter station door in the exhaust pipe is first opened remotely, and the door of the cabin to be entered is opened in turn, so that the nitrogen in the converter station is discharged from this door, and the decompressed air in the compressed air bag enters the converter station, ensuring the safety of the personnel.

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