Culture medium for promoting seed germination of gastrodia elata by using cypress sawdust and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a culture medium for promoting the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds by using Japanese cypress sawdust and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting. The culture medium comprises, by volume, 70-80% of culture material (20-30% of Japanese cypress sawdust and 70-80% of coarse river sand) and 20-30% of Armillaria mellea and wood. The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: putting the culture material to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of a breeding container, putting Armillaria mellea and wood into the culture material, covering and filling the breeding bag with the culture material, and the culture medium is prepared. The use method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: mixing Gastrodia elata seeds with germination bacteria, and putting the mixture on Armillaria mellea and wood of the culture medium. The culture medium is resistant to bacterial corrosion, inhibits bacteria, has a loose structure, good air permeability, drainage and warmth retention, is simple to operate, low in cost, and has a Gastrodia elata seed germination rate of more than 75%, and has an important promoting effect on the healthy development of the Gastrodia elata industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Chinese medicinal herb cultivation technology, specifically to a culture medium that uses Japanese cedar sawdust to promote the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Gastrodia elata BI., also known as Chijian, Dingfengcao, and Lihecao, is a precious traditional Chinese medicine used to treat various ailments such as infantile convulsions, limb numbness, headaches, dizziness, and insomnia. The life cycle of Gastrodia elata, from seed to protocorm to rice-shaped tuber to white tuber to arrow-shaped tuber and back to seed, is called its first generation. Seed germination is the first stage of its growth and plays a decisive role. Under natural conditions, seed germination requires not only suitable temperature, oxygen, and water, but also the presence of fungi (called Gastrodia elata seed germination fungi, or simply germination fungi) that provide nutrients for seed germination. After germination, the protocorm must immediately form a symbiotic relationship with Armillaria mellea to obtain nutrients for growth and development.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for cultivating Gastrodia elata seeds include pit sowing, bed sowing, bag sowing, box sowing, and greenhouse / tunnel seedling cultivation. Commonly used germination media for Gastrodia elata seeds require leaves or hardwood sawdust. However, the collection, washing, soaking, and drying of leaves is a complex process. Hardwood sawdust is prone to rotting and turning black, affecting the growth of Gastrodia elata and darkening its surface color, resulting in poor appearance and lower price. Cryptomeria japonica, widely distributed in Zhaotong, a Gastrodia elata cultivation area, is characterized by rapid growth, light and soft wood, easy processing, resistance to fungal decay, and resistance to termites. Therefore, using Cryptomeria japonica as a germination medium for Gastrodia elata has certain advantages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a culture medium for promoting the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds using Japanese cedar sawdust, wherein the germination rate of Gastrodia elata seeds is above 75%.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a Gastrodia elata seed culture medium, comprising, by volume, 70-80% culture medium, 20-30% Armillaria mellea and wood; the culture medium includes, by volume, 20-30% Chinese fir sawdust and 70-80% coarse river sand; the mass ratio of Armillaria mellea to wood is 1 / 15-1 / 12.

[0007] Preferably, the size of the Japanese cedar sawdust is 10-40 mesh.

[0008] Preferably, the size of the coarse river sand is about 0.3 to 0.6 cm.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds, comprising the following steps: filling the breeding container to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 full with culture medium, then adding Armillaria mellea and wood, and covering and filling the breeding bag with culture medium.

[0010] Preferably, the culture medium is obtained by the following steps: measuring cedar sawdust and coarse river sand in proportion; soaking the cedar sawdust in clean water, then draining it; rinsing the coarse river sand with clean water, then draining it; and mixing the cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium.

[0011] Preferably, the breeding container is selected from breathable and leak-proof containers.

[0012] Preferably, the Armillaria mellea and wood are treated by the following steps: sawing Fagaceae trees free from mold contamination into short sections and making fish-scale cuts; soaking the wood sections in clean water, draining them; and inoculating the fish-scale cuts of the wood sections with Armillaria mellea.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for using a germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds, comprising the following steps: mixing the seeds with germination bacteria evenly and then placing them on Armillaria mellea and wood in the culture medium; and then placing the entire breeding system into a sowing pit for cultivation.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the seed to the germination fungus is 1:40000 to 1:15000.

[0015] Preferably, the cultivation temperature is 22–25°C, and the humidity is maintained at 40%–60%.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0017] (1) The sawdust of Chinese fir contained in the culture medium of the present invention is resistant to fungal decay, ant infestation, and inhibits miscellaneous bacteria. It has a loose structure, good air permeability and heat retention. It does not turn black after long-term use and does not affect the color of the epidermis of Gastrodia elata. The coarse river sand has good drainage and can increase the looseness and air permeability of the entire culture system.

[0018] (2) The culture medium of the present invention is used for the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds. Armillaria mellea can deliver nutrients to the protocorm in a timely manner to promote its growth and development.

[0019] (3) The culture medium of the present invention is resistant to bacterial decay, inhibits miscellaneous bacteria, has a loose structure, good air permeability, drainage and heat retention, is easy to prepare, has low cost, and the germination rate of Gastrodia elata seeds reaches more than 75%. It is of great significance for protecting the ecological environment and promoting the healthy development of the Gastrodia elata industry. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A front view of the culture system for the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds;

[0021] Figure 2 A top view of the culture system for the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the culture system for the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds, comprising, by volume, 70-80% culture medium and 20-30% Armillaria mellea and wood; more preferably, 75-78% culture medium and 22-25% Armillaria mellea and wood. The culture medium preferably comprises, by volume, 20-30% Cryptomeria japonica sawdust and 70-80% coarse river sand; more preferably, 25-28% Cryptomeria japonica sawdust and 72-75% coarse river sand. The mass ratio of Armillaria mellea to wood is preferably 1 / 15-1 / 12; more preferably, it is 1 / 14-1 / 13. The culture medium of this invention is resistant to fungal decay, inhibits contaminating bacteria, has a loose structure, good air permeability, drainage, and heat retention, is simple to prepare, low in cost, and achieves a Gastrodia elata seed germination rate of over 75%.

[0024] In this invention, the sawdust from the Japanese cedar is 10 to 40 mesh. More preferably, the sawdust is 20 to 30 mesh.

[0025] In this invention, the size of the coarse river sand is preferably 0.3-0.6 cm; the size of the coarse river sand is preferably 0.4-0.5 cm.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds, comprising the following steps: filling the breeding container to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 full with culture medium, then adding Armillaria mellea and wood, and covering and filling the breeding bag with culture medium.

[0027] In this invention, the culture medium is obtained through the following steps: measuring cedar sawdust and coarse river sand in a specific ratio; soaking the cedar sawdust in clean water for 4-8 hours to ensure thorough soaking, then draining off excess water; rinsing the coarse river sand with clean water and draining off excess water; and mixing the cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium. In a specific embodiment of this invention, after mixing the cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly in a specific ratio, soaking in water for 4-8 hours, and draining off excess water, the culture medium is ready when water seeps out when squeezed by hand.

[0028] In this invention, the breeding container only needs to be breathable and leak-proof.

[0029] In this invention, the *Armillaria mellea* and wood are treated through the following steps: Fagaceae trees free from mold contamination are sawn into short sections and cut with fish-scale patterns; the wood sections are soaked in clean water; and *Armillaria mellea* is inoculated at the fish-scale patterns. In a specific embodiment of this invention, when the Fagaceae trees are selected from fresh wood, they are preferably soaked in a 0.2% ammonium nitrate solution for 10-20 minutes to prevent them from reverting to a green color and affecting the growth of *Armillaria mellea*. As an alternative method, if dry wood is used, it needs to be soaked in water for 24-48 hours to ensure the wood's moisture content. In a specific embodiment of this invention, the *Armillaria mellea* wood selected is 2-5 cm in diameter, free from mold contamination, and is sawn into short sections of 8-10 cm for later use.

[0030] This invention also provides a method for using a germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds, comprising the following steps: mixing seeds with germination bacteria evenly and then placing the mixture onto Armillaria mellea and wood in the culture medium; placing the entire breeding system in a sowing pit for cultivation. In a specific embodiment of this invention, seeds are mixed with germination bacteria and then placed into the culture medium, which is then placed in a sowing pit for cultivation. In a specific embodiment of this invention, the culture medium is filled to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the breeding container, then wood and Armillaria mellea are added, followed by the mixed germination bacteria and Gastrodia elata seeds. The remaining culture medium is used to cover and fill the entire breeding bag, ensuring that the germination bacteria, Gastrodia elata seeds, Armillaria mellea, and wood are all buried under the culture medium.

[0031] In this invention, the cultivation temperature is 22–25°C, and the humidity is maintained at 40%–60%. More preferably, the cultivation temperature is 23–24°C, and the humidity is maintained at 50%–55%.

[0032] In this invention, the seeds and germination bacteria are preferably mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 1:40000 to 1:15000. More preferably, they are mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 1:30000 to 1:20000.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the Armillaria mellea, wood, seeds, and germination fungi are simultaneously cultured in a breeding container.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after the culture medium is placed in the sowing pit, it is preferably covered with a 10-20 cm thick layer of leaves, bark, or straw mat. More preferably, it is covered with a 12-15 cm thick layer of leaves, bark, or straw mat. Covering with leaves, bark, or straw mat in the present invention can be used for warmth and to reduce moisture evaporation.

[0035] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A method for preparing a culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds includes the following steps:

[0038] Timber preparation: Prepare the timber one week before sowing. Cut fresh oak wood with a diameter of about 2-5cm into short sections of 10cm and make fish-scale cuts. Then soak it in 0.2% ammonium nitrate solution for 20 minutes to prevent the timber from turning green again. Take it out and let it dry.

[0039] Armillaria mellea: Armillaria mellea spawn bags were provided by Yunnan Senhao Fungi Industry Co., Ltd. The spawn bags were cut into approximately 5cm pieces. 3 Place the fungus pieces of various sizes at the fish-scale opening of the wood.

[0040] Preparation of culture medium: Measure out Japanese cedar sawdust and coarse river sand at a volume ratio of 3:7; soak the Japanese cedar sawdust in clean water for 6 hours, then drain; rinse the coarse river sand with clean water and drain; mix the Japanese cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium should be moist enough to allow water to seep out when squeezed in the hand.

[0041] Preparation of breeding bags: Select breeding bags that are 35cm long and 25cm wide and have ventilation holes to ensure drainage and ventilation of the entire culture system.

[0042] First, fill the breeding bag with culture medium to 1 / 3 full. Then, put 4 kg of wood and 350 g of Armillaria mellea on top. The wood and Armillaria mellea should occupy 25% of the volume of the breeding bag. Cover and fill the breeding bag with culture medium.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A method for preparing a culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds includes the following steps:

[0045] Timber preparation: Prepare the timber one week before sowing. Cut fresh oak wood with a diameter of about 4-5cm into short sections of 10cm and make fish-scale cuts. Then soak it in 0.2% ammonium nitrate solution for 10 minutes to prevent the timber from turning green again. Take it out and let it dry.

[0046] Armillaria mellea: Armillaria mellea spawn bags were provided by Yunnan Senhao Fungi Industry Co., Ltd. The spawn bags were cut into approximately 4cm pieces. 3 Place the fungus pieces of various sizes at the fish-scale opening of the wood.

[0047] Preparation of culture medium: Measure out Japanese cedar sawdust and coarse river sand at a volume ratio of 2:8; soak the Japanese cedar sawdust in clean water for 8 hours, then drain; rinse the coarse river sand with clean water and drain; mix the Japanese cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium should be moist enough to allow water to seep out when squeezed in the hand.

[0048] Preparation of breeding bags: Select breeding bags that are 35cm long and 25cm wide and have ventilation holes to ensure drainage and ventilation of the entire culture system.

[0049] First, fill the breeding bag with culture medium to 1 / 2 full. Then, place 3.5 kg of wood and 300 g of Armillaria mellea on top. The wood and Armillaria mellea should occupy 20% of the breeding bag's volume. Cover and fill the breeding bag with culture medium.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A method for preparing a culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds includes the following steps:

[0052] Timber preparation: Prepare the timber 3 days before sowing. Cut the dry oak wood with a diameter of about 3-5cm into short sections of 10cm and make fish-scale cuts. Then soak it in water for 36 hours to allow the timber to soak through. Take it out and let it dry in the water.

[0053] Armillaria mellea: Armillaria mellea spawn bags were provided by Yunnan Senhao Fungi Industry Co., Ltd. The spawn bags were cut into approximately 3cm pieces. 3 Place the fungus pieces of various sizes at the fish-scale opening of the wood.

[0054] Preparation of culture medium: Measure out Chinese fir sawdust and coarse river sand at a volume ratio of 2.2:7.8; soak the Chinese fir sawdust in clean water for 4.5 hours, then drain; rinse the coarse river sand with clean water and drain; mix the Chinese fir sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium. The culture medium should be ready when water seeps out when squeezed by hand.

[0055] Preparation of breeding bags: Select breeding bags that are 35cm long and 25cm wide and have ventilation holes to ensure drainage and ventilation of the entire culture system.

[0056] First, fill the breeding bag with culture medium to 1 / 3 full. Then, place 3.8 kg of wood and 300 g of Armillaria mellea on top. The wood and Armillaria mellea should occupy about 22% of the breeding bag's volume. Cover and fill the breeding bag with culture medium.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] A method for germinating Gastrodia elata seeds includes the following steps:

[0059] Seed dressing: Take 400g of germination fungus packet, tear it into pieces and put it into a seed-mixing basin. Weigh out 10mg of Gastrodia elata seeds and sprinkle them evenly on the germination fungus, then mix well. The germination fungus packet was provided by Yunnan Senhao Fungi Industry Co., Ltd.

[0060] Sowing: The mixed germination fungus and Gastrodia elata seeds were placed on the wood and Armillaria mellea of ​​the culture medium obtained in Example 1, and the culture bag was covered and filled with culture medium. The culture bag was then placed in the sowing pit, and the top was covered with about 15 cm of bark and leaves. The temperature was controlled at 25°C and the humidity was maintained at 50%.

[0061] Harvest: After about 45 days, the seed germination rate reaches 81%.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Unlike Example 4, the cultivation temperature was 22°C and the humidity was 60%. After approximately 40 days, the seed germination rate reached 79%.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] Unlike Example 4, the cultivation temperature was 24°C and the humidity was 40%. After approximately 47 days, the seed germination rate reached 83%.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] Unlike Example 4, 150g of germination fungal culture was taken, torn into pieces, and placed in a seed-accompanying container. 10mg of Gastrodia elata seeds were also weighed out. After approximately 37 days, the seed germination rate reached 75%.

[0068] Example 8

[0069] Unlike Example 4, 200g of germination fungal culture was taken, torn into pieces, and placed in a seed-accompanying container. 10mg of Gastrodia elata seeds were also weighed out. After approximately 39 days, the seed germination rate reached 77%.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A culture medium for the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds, characterized in that, The substrate comprises 70-80% culture medium and 20-30% Armillaria mellea and wood by volume; the culture medium comprises 20-30% Japanese cedar sawdust and 70-80% coarse river sand by volume; the mass ratio of Armillaria mellea to wood is 1 / 15 to 1 / 12. The size of the Japanese cedar sawdust is 10-40 mesh; the size of the coarse river sand is 0.3-0.6 cm. The method for preparing the germination culture medium for Gastrodia elata seeds includes the following steps: after filling the breeding container to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 full with culture medium, add Armillaria mellea and wood, and then cover and fill the breeding bag with culture medium.

2. The Gastrodia elata seed germination culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture medium is obtained through the following steps: measuring cedar sawdust and coarse river sand in proportion; soaking the cedar sawdust thoroughly with clean water, then draining it; rinsing the coarse river sand with clean water, then draining it; and mixing the cedar sawdust and coarse river sand evenly to obtain the culture medium.

3. The Gastrodia elata seed germination culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breeding container is selected from breathable and leak-proof containers.

4. The Gastrodia elata seed germination culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Armillaria mellea and wood are treated through the following steps: the Fagaceae trees free from mold contamination are sawn into short sections and the fish-scale cuts are made; the wood sections are soaked in clean water and drained; the Armillaria mellea is inoculated at the fish-scale cuts of the wood sections.

5. A method of using the Gastrodia elata seed germination culture medium as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the seeds with the germination bacteria evenly and then placing them on the Armillaria mellea and wood in the culture medium; then placing the entire breeding system in the sowing pit for cultivation.

6. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the seeds to the germination fungus is 1:40000 to 1:15000.

7. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cultivation temperature is 22–25°C, and the humidity is maintained at 40%–60%.

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