Five-axis six-surface precision machining process and equipment
By using five-axis, six-sided precision machining equipment and processes, and by utilizing the eccentric design and multi-axis rotation of the rotating components, the problems of accumulated error and coaxiality that are difficult to guarantee in existing technologies have been solved, thus achieving efficient and high-precision five-sided machining.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing three-axis, four-axis and five-axis machining centers are prone to cumulative errors when machining complex parts, making it difficult to guarantee high precision and coaxiality. This is especially true for workpieces with extremely high coaxiality requirements on both sides, where reclamping can lead to a loss of precision.
Employing five-axis, six-sided precision machining equipment and processes, the first rotating component rotates around the X-axis, while the second rotating component rotates around the Z-axis and Y-axis in different states. Combined with the machine head, five-axis, six-sided clamping is performed in one operation. By utilizing the design that the rotation center of the second rotating component is offset from the center of the fixture, it is ensured that the machine head does not obstruct the clamping surface, achieving 360° rotation and high-precision machining.
It achieves high precision, completes five-sided machining in one clamping, avoids cumulative errors, ensures the coaxiality and machining accuracy of the workpiece, and improves production efficiency and machining quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN116329978B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision machining, and in particular relates to a five-axis six-face precision machining process and equipment. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous progress and development of industrial science and technology, the machining industry has moved towards high precision, high efficiency, and high automation, which undoubtedly places higher demands on the machining performance and stability of CNC machine tools. Currently, for some complex parts that require high dimensional accuracy and have large dimensions, machining with existing three-axis, four-axis, and five-axis machining centers often requires the design of special fixtures for secondary or multiple clamping operations to complete the machining. However, multiple clamping operations can easily lead to cumulative errors, making it difficult for machining centers to align and guaranteeing dimensional accuracy. This significantly limits the production efficiency and scale of enterprises.
[0003] Furthermore, for some high-requirement products, not only is five-sided machining required, but the clamping surface also has very high machining requirements. Therefore, after machining the five sides, the workpiece often needs to be flipped over and re-clamped to complete the machining of the clamping surface. However, re-clamping will lead to a loss of accuracy and make it difficult to achieve high-precision machining. This is especially true for workpieces with extremely high coaxiality requirements on both sides, where re-clamping makes it difficult to guarantee coaxiality. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a five-axis, six-sided precision machining process and equipment to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] This invention provides a five-axis, six-sided precision machining equipment. This embodiment takes the machining of a carrier tape forming mold as an example. It includes a machine base, an adjusting base, a Z-axis moving module, a machine head, a first rotating component, a second rotating component, a mounting plate, and a fixture. The adjusting base and the Z-axis moving module are fixed inside the machine base. The moving end of the Z-axis moving module is fixed to the machine head. The adjusting end of the adjusting base is fixed to the first rotating component. The mounting plate is fixed to the rotating end of the first rotating component, so that the mounting plate rotates around the X-axis under the drive of the first rotating component. The second rotating component is fixed to the mounting plate, and the rotating end of the second rotating component is fixed to the fixture. The machine head is located above the fixture. The rotation center of the second rotating component is located on one side of the centerline of the mounting plate's length direction, so that the projection of the mounting plate onto the fixture deviates from the center position of the fixture, and the projected area of the mounting plate onto the fixture is smaller than the area of the fixture.
[0007] Preferably, the clamp has a circular cross-section, and the center of the clamp is collinear with the rotation center of the second rotating assembly.
[0008] Preferably, the mounting plate is a rectangular plate, and the width of the mounting plate is smaller than the diameter of the clamp.
[0009] Preferably, the rotation axes of the first rotating component and the second rotating component are perpendicular to each other.
[0010] Preferably, the first rotating component is a CNC rotary table, which includes a first rotary table and a second rotary table. The rotation axes of the first rotary table and the second rotary table are collinear. The rotating ends of the first rotary table and the second rotary table are fixed with connecting plates, and the two ends of the mounting plate are respectively connected to the two connecting plates.
[0011] Preferably, two shims are fixed to the top of the adjusting base, and a first rotating platform and a second rotating platform are fixed to the top of the two shims respectively.
[0012] Preferably, the second rotating component is a servo motor.
[0013] Preferably, the adjustment base includes an X-axis moving module and a Y-axis moving module, the moving end of the Y-axis moving module is fixed to the X-axis moving module, and the moving end of the X-axis moving module is fixed to the first rotating component.
[0014] Preferably, a tool magazine is provided on the machine head.
[0015] This invention also supports a five-axis six-sided precision machining process, using the aforementioned five-axis six-sided precision machining equipment, including the following steps: S1: The workpiece to be machined is clamped on the fixture, with the front of the workpiece facing upwards. The adjustment base is adjusted until the workpiece is moved to the desired position. Then, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head downwards to perform machining on the front of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the machine head to gradually machine the circumferential position of the front of the workpiece. S2: After the front of the workpiece is machined, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head upwards away from the workpiece, and the first rotating component rotates 90°, making the workpiece vertical. In the straight state, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move downward to perform machining operations on the side of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the machine head to gradually machine the circumferential position of the side of the workpiece. S3: After the side of the workpiece is machined, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move upward away from the workpiece. The first rotating component rotates 90° so that the clamping surface of the workpiece is horizontal and facing upward. Then the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move downward to perform machining operations on the side of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the machine head to gradually machine the circumferential position of the clamping surface of the workpiece.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0017] 1. The rotation center of the second rotating component is located to one side of the centerline along the length of the mounting plate, so that the projection of the mounting plate onto the fixture is offset from the center of the fixture, and the projected area of the mounting plate onto the fixture is smaller than the area of the fixture. This arrangement ensures that the workpiece can rotate normally while the mounting plate and the second rotating component do not obstruct the machining position of the clamping surface, allowing the machine head to perform machining operations on the clamping surface. This achieves five-axis, six-sided machining operations with only one clamping, eliminating cumulative errors and the problem of difficulty in ensuring coaxiality, resulting in extremely high machining accuracy.
[0018] 2. The first rotating component enables rotation around the X-axis, and the second rotating component enables rotation around the Z-axis and Y-axis in different states, thus achieving a five-axis, six-sided one-time clamping and machining operation in conjunction with the machine head.
[0019] 3. The CNC rotary table can achieve 360° rotation and features high precision, high efficiency, high safety, and easy operation. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the front side of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the processed side of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the machining clamping surface of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial top-view structural diagram.
[0025] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Machine base, 2-Adjusting base, 3-Z-axis moving module, 4-Machine head, 5-First rotating component, 6-Second rotating component, 7-Mounting plate, 8-Clamp, 51-First rotating table, 52-Second rotating table, 9-Elevating block, 21-X-axis moving module, 22-Y-axis moving module, 10-Tool magazine, 11-Workpiece to be processed, 12-Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0028] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a five-axis six-sided precision machining equipment, including a machine base 1, an adjusting base 2, a Z-axis moving module 3, a machine head 4, a first rotating component 5, a second rotating component, a mounting plate 7, and a fixture 8. The adjusting base 2 and the Z-axis moving module 3 are fixed inside the machine base 1. The moving end of the Z-axis moving module 3 is fixed to the machine head 4. The adjusting end of the adjusting base 2 is fixed to the first rotating component 5. The mounting plate 7 is fixed to the rotating end of the first rotating component 5, so that the mounting plate 7 rotates around the X-axis under the drive of the first rotating component 5. The second rotating assembly 6 is fixed to the mounting plate 7. A fixture 8 is fixed to the rotating end of the second rotating assembly 6. The machine head 4 is located above the fixture 8. The rotation center a of the second rotating assembly 6 is located to one side of the centerline b along the length of the mounting plate 7, so that the projection of the mounting plate 7 onto the fixture 8 is offset from the center position of the fixture 8, and the projected area of the mounting plate 7 onto the fixture 8 is smaller than the area of the fixture 8. This arrangement allows a portion of the workpiece 11 to be processed, clamped on the fixture 8, to extend beyond the mounting plate 7, facilitating machining of the clamping surface by the machine head 4. When machining the clamping surface, traditional five-axis machining centers, due to inherent structural problems such as obstruction by motors or mounting structures, prevent the machine head 4 from machining the clamping surface. Figure 5 As shown, this invention, through the coordinated positioning of the second rotating component 6, the fixture 8, and the mounting plate 7, combined with the positioning of the first rotating component 5, ensures that during machining of the clamping surface, one side of the workpiece protrudes more from the mounting plate 7 than the other side. In this embodiment, the rear side of the workpiece protrudes more from the mounting plate 7 than the front side. This ensures that while the workpiece can rotate normally (by the second rotating component 6 driving the fixture 8 to rotate), the mounting plate 7 and the second rotating component 6 do not obstruct the machining position of the clamping surface, allowing the machine head 4 to perform machining operations on the clamping surface. This achieves five-axis, six-sided machining operations with only one clamping, eliminating problems of cumulative error and difficulty in ensuring coaxiality, resulting in extremely high machining accuracy.
[0029] The fixture 8 has a circular cross-section, and its center is collinear with the rotation center of the second rotating component 6 to ensure machining accuracy.
[0030] The mounting plate 7 is a rectangular plate, and the width of the mounting plate 7 is smaller than the diameter of the fixture 8 to ensure that the workpiece to be processed can extend and protrude from the mounting plate 7.
[0031] The rotation axes of the first rotating component 5 and the second rotating component 6 are perpendicular to each other. The first rotating component 5 enables rotation around the X-axis, and the second rotating component 6 enables rotation around the Z-axis and Y-axis in different states. Together with the machine head 4, it enables five-axis, six-sided one-time clamping and machining operations with extremely high machining accuracy.
[0032] The first rotating component 5 is a CNC rotary table, which includes a first rotary table 51 and a second rotary table 52. The first rotary table 51 is located to the right of the second rotary table 52, and the rotation axes of the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 are collinear. Connecting plates 12 are fixed to the rotating ends of both the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52, and the two ends of the mounting plate 7 are respectively connected to the two connecting plates 12. The CNC rotary table enables 360° rotation and features high precision, high efficiency, high safety, and ease of operation.
[0033] The top of the adjusting base 2 is fixed with two shims 9, and the top of the two shims 9 is respectively fixed with a first rotary table 51 and a second rotary table 52. By setting the shims 9, on the one hand, it is ensured that the rotation axes of the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 are collinear; on the other hand, it increases the distance between the workpiece to be processed and the moving end of the X-axis motion module, avoiding collisions during flipping.
[0034] The second rotating component 6 is a servo motor, which can precisely control position, speed and acceleration, and is highly flexible.
[0035] The adjustment base 2 includes an X-axis moving module 21 and a Y-axis moving module 22. Both the Z-axis moving module and the Y-axis moving module 22 are fixed to the bottom of the machine tool. The Z-axis moving module is located behind the Y-axis moving module 22. The X-axis moving module 21 is fixed to the moving end of the Y-axis moving module 22. The first rotating component 5 is fixed to the moving end of the X-axis moving module 21.
[0036] The head 4 is equipped with a tool magazine 10, which facilitates the replacement of different tools to meet different processing needs.
[0037] This invention also supports a five-axis six-face precision machining process, which uses the aforementioned five-axis six-face precision machining equipment and includes the following steps:
[0038] S1: Clamp the workpiece to be processed onto the fixture, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the arrow points to the processing position. At this point, the front of the workpiece is horizontally facing upwards. Adjust the base 2 until the workpiece is moved to the desired position. Then, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 downwards to process the front of the workpiece. The second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the head 4 to process the circumferential position of the front of the workpiece step by step. After each section of the front of the workpiece is processed, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 upwards away from the workpiece. Then, the second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate by a preset angle, causing the workpiece to rotate by a preset angle. The Z-axis moving module 3 then drives the head 4 downwards to process the workpiece. During the processing, the adjustment base 2 can be used to move the workpiece forward, backward, left, and right to create different shapes.
[0039] S2: After the front side of the workpiece is machined, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the machine head 4 to move upwards and away from the workpiece. The first rotating component 5 rotates 90°, making the workpiece vertical. Figure 3 As shown, the arrow points to the processing position. Then, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 downwards to process the side of the workpiece. The second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the head 4 to process the circumferential position of the workpiece side step by step. After each side of the workpiece is processed, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 upwards away from the workpiece. Then, the second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate by a preset angle, causing the workpiece to rotate by a preset angle. Then, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 downwards to process the workpiece. During the processing, the adjustable base 2 can be used to move the workpiece forward, backward, left, and right to achieve different shapes.
[0040] S3: After the side of the workpiece is machined, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the machine head 4 to move upward away from the workpiece, and the first rotating component 5 rotates 90°, so that the clamping surface of the workpiece is horizontal and facing upward. Figure 4 As shown, the arrow points to the processing position. Then, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 downward to process the side of the workpiece. The second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate, causing the workpiece to rotate and cooperate with the head 4 to process the circumferential position of the workpiece clamping surface step by step. After each clamping surface of the workpiece is processed, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 upward to move away from the workpiece. Then, the second rotating component 6 drives the fixture 8 to rotate by a preset angle, causing the workpiece to rotate by a preset angle. Then, the Z-axis moving module 3 drives the head 4 downward to process the workpiece. During the processing, the adjustable base 2 can be used to move the workpiece forward, backward, left, and right to process it into different shapes.
[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A five-axis, six-sided precision machining equipment, characterized in that: It includes a machine base, an adjustment base, a Z-axis moving module, a machine head, a first rotating component, a second rotating component, a mounting plate, and a fixture; The machine tool is equipped with an adjustment base and a Z-axis moving module. The moving end of the Z-axis moving module is fixed with a machine head, and the adjustment end of the adjustment base is fixed with a first rotating component. The mounting plate is fixed to the rotating end of the first rotating component so that the mounting plate rotates around the X-axis under the drive of the first rotating component. The second rotating component is fixed to the mounting plate, and a clamp is fixed to the rotating end of the second rotating component, with the machine head located above the clamp; The rotation center of the second rotating component is located on one side of the center line of the length direction of the mounting plate, so that the projection of the mounting plate on the clamp is offset from the center position of the clamp, and the projection area of the mounting plate on the clamp is smaller than the area of the clamp. The first rotating component is a CNC rotary table; The CNC rotary table includes a first rotary table and a second rotary table; The rotation axes of the first and second rotary tables are collinear; Both the first and second rotary tables have connecting plates fixed to their rotating ends, and the two ends of the mounting plate are respectively connected to the two connecting plates. The clamp has a circular cross-section, and the center of the clamp is collinear with the rotation center of the second rotating component. The mounting plate is a rectangular plate, and the width of the mounting plate is smaller than the diameter of the clamp.
2. The five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation axes of the first rotating component and the second rotating component are perpendicular to each other.
3. The five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the adjusting base is fixed with two shims, and the top of the two shims is respectively fixed with a first rotating platform and a second rotating platform.
4. The five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rotating component is a servo motor.
5. The five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment base includes an X-axis moving module and a Y-axis moving module; The moving end of the Y-axis moving module is fixed to the X-axis moving module, and the moving end of the X-axis moving module is fixed to the first rotating component.
6. The five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the machine is equipped with a tool magazine.
7. Five-axis, six-sided precision machining process, characterized in that, The machining process using the five-axis six-face precision machining equipment according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S1: The workpiece to be processed is clamped on the fixture. At this time, the front of the workpiece is horizontal and facing upward. Adjust the adjustment base until the workpiece is moved to the required position. Then, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move downward to perform the processing operation on the front of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, so that the workpiece to be processed rotates and cooperates with the machine head to gradually process the circumferential position of the front of the workpiece. S2: After the front side of the workpiece is processed, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move upward away from the workpiece. The first rotating component rotates 90°, making the workpiece vertical. Then, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move downward to process the side of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, making the workpiece rotate and cooperating with the machine head to process the circumferential position of the side of the workpiece step by step. S3: After the side of the workpiece is processed, the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move upward away from the workpiece. The first rotating component rotates 90° so that the clamping surface of the workpiece is horizontal and facing upward. Then the Z-axis moving module drives the machine head to move downward to perform the side processing operation of the workpiece. The second rotating component drives the fixture to rotate, so that the workpiece rotates and cooperates with the machine head to gradually process the circumferential position of the clamping surface of the workpiece.