System for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system for preparing methanol and co-producing high-quality activated carbon from biomass and a preparation method thereof, comprising a biomass gasification co-producing carbon device, a water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device and a methanol synthesis tower; the water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device comprises a water gas and activated carbon production part, a shift reaction part, a combustion chamber, a high-temperature radiation tube and a transition tube, the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder of the water gas and activated carbon production part is connected with the shift reaction cylinder of the shift reaction part through the transition tube, the combustion chamber is connected with the gasification gas outlet of the biomass gasification co-producing carbon device, the combustion chamber is connected with the high-temperature radiation tube, and the high-temperature radiation tube sequentially penetrates the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the shift reaction cylinder. The present invention couples methanol production with activated carbon production, realizes the production of methanol from biomass while obtaining high-quality carbon, and significantly improves the stability, economy and environmental benefits of methanol from biomass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of biomass energy, and specifically relates to a system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is an important organic chemical raw material, as well as an excellent energy source and vehicle fuel. In addition, the price and demand for methanol in domestic and foreign markets are increasing year by year. Methanol has huge market potential. At present, in the commercial methanol synthesis process, methanol is mainly prepared by gasifying and transforming petroleum, natural gas and coal to obtain synthesis gas. These synthesis gases mainly include CO, H 2 and a small amount of carbon dioxide, of which (H 2 -CO 2 ) and (CO+CO 2 ) molar ratio is about 2.1.

[0003] The adjustment of energy structure is imminent. Compared with primary energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas, biomass resources have the advantages of being renewable, less polluting and reducing carbon emissions. my country has abundant biomass reserves, and vigorously developing biomass energy is a low-cost and effective means to avoid energy bottlenecks.

[0004] In domestic and foreign research, biomass synthesis of methanol adopts thermochemical gasification, which is mainly divided into two steps. The first step is to produce raw gas by gasification of biomass, and the raw gas is treated to obtain methanol synthesis gas. The second step is to produce methanol by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas under certain conditions. Common media for biomass gasification include air, oxygen-enriched gas and water vapor, and the gas components obtained from different media are quite different. The gas obtained after air gasification contains more inert gas N2. Although the components of oxygen-enriched gasification are mainly CO\H2\CO2, the cost is high and generally cannot meet the requirements of industrial synthesis of methanol. The main reason is that the diversity of biomass makes the biomass gasification components very unstable, which causes the subsequent process to be extremely unstable and cannot be industrialized. How to solve the problem of the stability of biomass methanol raw materials is a key technical problem in biomass methanol production. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new device and production process with good environmental and economic benefits to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon and a preparation method thereof in response to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon and a preparation method thereof do not take methanol production as the sole purpose, but combine methanol production with activated carbon production, thereby solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, achieving the production of methanol from biomass while obtaining high-quality carbon, and significantly improving the stability, economy and environmental benefits of methanol from biomass.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon, comprising a biomass gasification co-producing carbon device, a water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device, and a methanol synthesis tower;

[0008] The water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device comprises a water gas and activated carbon production part, a shift reaction part, a combustion chamber, a high temperature radiation tube, a transmission component and a transition pipe. The water gas and activated carbon production part comprises a water gas and activated carbon production cylinder. A biomass carbon reaction chamber is arranged inside the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder. The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder is connected with the shift reaction cylinder of the shift reaction part through the transition pipe. A biomass carbon inlet is provided at the top of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder, and an activated carbon outlet is provided at the bottom. The biomass carbon inlet is connected with the biomass carbon reaction chamber of the biomass gasification co-production device. The outlet is connected, the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder are both provided with a water vapor inlet, the conversion reaction cylinder is provided with a conversion reaction chamber, the conversion reaction chamber is installed with a catalyst, and the methanol feed gas outlet at the rear end of the conversion reaction cylinder is connected with the methanol synthesis tower; the fuel gas inlet of the combustion chamber is connected with the gasification gas outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device, the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with the radiation tube flue gas inlet of the high-temperature radiation tube, the high-temperature radiation tube sequentially penetrates the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder, and the high-temperature radiation tube is rotatably sealed and connected with the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder;

[0009] The transmission component is connected to the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder or the shift reaction cylinder, and the transmission component is used to drive the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the shift reaction cylinder to rotate.

[0010] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a waste heat boiler, an air preheater, a fan and a chimney. The radiation tube flue gas outlet of the high-temperature radiation tube is connected to the flue gas inlet on the waste heat boiler, the water vapor outlet of the waste heat boiler is respectively connected to the water vapor inlet of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the water vapor inlet of the shift reaction cylinder, the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet on the air preheater, the preheated air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the preheated air inlet of the combustion chamber, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to the fan, and the fan is connected to the chimney.

[0011] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of water vapor inlets are evenly arranged around the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder.

[0012] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder is connected to the conversion reaction cylinder of the conversion reaction part through four transition pipes.

[0013] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the transmission component adopts a motor transmission mechanism, the output shaft of the motor transmission mechanism is connected to a gear, and the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder is provided with an annular rack meshing with the gear.

[0014] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the biomass char reaction chamber and the shift reaction chamber are both provided with thermocouples, and the thermocouples are used to measure the temperature of the biomass char reaction chamber and the shift reaction chamber.

[0015] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, refractory bricks are arranged on the inner walls of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder.

[0016] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0017] A method for preparing a system for preparing methanol and co-producing high-quality activated carbon from biomass, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Biomass gasification: Biomass is fed into the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device, where a gasification reaction occurs. The mixed gas produced by the gasification reaction enters the combustion chamber for combustion, and the biomass charcoal obtained by the gasification reaction is fed into the biomass charcoal inlet of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder, and then into the biomass charcoal reaction chamber;

[0019] Water gas and activated carbon production: The steam from the waste heat boiler in the waste heat recovery part is sent into the biomass carbon reaction chamber of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder, and reacts with the biomass carbon at high temperature to produce CO and H 2 The heat required for the reaction comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber, which enters the high-temperature radiation tube that runs through the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction cylinder. The water vapor and the biomass charcoal simultaneously undergo a pore-forming reaction to obtain activated carbon, which is discharged from the activated carbon outlet of the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder.

[0020] Shift reaction: CO and H obtained from water gas and activated carbon production 2 The mixed gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide enters the shift reaction chamber in the shift reaction cylinder through the transition pipe, and reacts with water vapor under the action of the catalyst in the shift reaction chamber to obtain methanol pre-gas suitable for methanol synthesis. The heat required for the reaction also comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber entering the high-temperature radiation tube;

[0021] Synthesis of methanol: The methanol pre-gas is sent into the methanol synthesis tower through the methanol raw gas outlet to obtain methanol.

[0022] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0023] Waste heat recycling: The flue gas coming out of the high-temperature radiation tube passes through the waste heat boiler. The water vapor generated by the waste heat boiler is supplied to the biomass charcoal reaction chamber of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder and the conversion reaction chamber in the conversion reaction cylinder. The flue gas coming out of the high waste heat boiler passes through the air preheater. The high-temperature air obtained by the air preheater is sent to the preheating air inlet of the combustion chamber; the flue gas coming out of the air preheater is discharged from the chimney through the fan.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The present invention converts biomass into biochar through a biomass gasification co-production charcoal device for use as a raw material for methanol production, breaking the traditional production method of using gasification gas as raw material and ensuring the stability of the raw material for methanol production.

[0026] (2) The present invention innovatively combines the production of methanol raw gas with the production of activated carbon. The common point of the two productions is that water vapor is used as the gasification agent and the activating agent, which not only realizes the stable gasification of biochar, but also obtains high-quality activated carbon.

[0027] (3) The present invention uses an integrated device for water gas, shift reaction and activated carbon production, and adopts a unique heat radiation structure to effectively and evenly control the temperature of the raw gas for preparing methanol from biochar and the temperature of activated carbon production, while also controlling the temperature of the catalyst in the shift reaction chamber. The unstable combustible gas obtained from the biomass gasification and charcoal co-production device is used for combustion to supply the heat required for water gas, shift reaction and activated carbon production, thus killing three birds with one stone.

[0028] (4) The concentrated utilization of heat in the production process of the present invention is the key process, which realizes the production of biomass to methanol while obtaining high-quality charcoal, and significantly improves the stability, economy and environmental benefits of biomass to methanol.

[0029] (5) The present invention combines biomass to produce methanol with high-quality activated carbon, solving the problem of traditional production directly using biomass gasification gas as a pre-gas for methanol production, resulting in unstable methanol process due to unstable gasification gas components, and the inability to scale up production. The present invention uses biomass carbon as the carbon source for methanol production, produces water gas in the water-gas reaction, and obtains high-quality activated carbon at the same time. The gasification gas (i.e., combustible gas) produced by the gasification reaction in the biomass gasification co-production carbon device is used as the heat source for the entire production, thereby achieving biomass to produce methanol and obtaining high-quality carbon at the same time, significantly improving the stability, economy, and environmental benefits of biomass to produce methanol. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated device for water gas, shift reaction and activated carbon production of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1. Biomass gasification and charcoal co-production device; 2. Integrated device for water gas, shift reaction and activated carbon production; 2-1. Water gas and activated carbon production part; 2-2. Shift reaction part; 2-3. Combustion chamber; 2-4. High-temperature radiation tube; 2-5. Biomass charcoal inlet; 2-6. Shift reaction chamber; 2-7. Biomass charcoal reaction chamber; 2-8. Water vapor inlet; 2-9. Transmission parts; 2-10. Activated carbon outlet; 2-11. Transition pipe; 2-12. Catalyst; 2-13. Fuel gas inlet; 2-14. Preheated air inlet; 2-15. Methanol raw gas outlet; 2-16. Radiant tube flue gas outlet; 2-17. Water gas and activated carbon production cylinder; 2-18. Shift reaction cylinder; 2-19. Refractory bricks; 3. Waste heat boiler; 4. Air preheater; 5. Methanol synthesis tower; 6. Fan; 7. Chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below according to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] This embodiment provides a system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a biomass gasification and co-production charcoal device 1, a water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2, a waste heat boiler 3, an air preheater 4, a methanol synthesis tower 5, a fan 6 and a chimney 7.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2 includes a water gas and activated carbon production part 2-1, a shift reaction part 2-2, a combustion chamber 2-3, a high temperature radiation tube 2-4, a transmission component 2-9 and a transition pipe 2-11. The water gas and activated carbon production part 2-1 includes a water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17. The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is tilted with a high front end and a low rear end to facilitate the movement of carbon. The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is provided with a biomass carbon reaction chamber 2-7 inside, and the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is connected with the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 of the conversion reaction part 2-2 through a transition pipe 2-11. There are four transition pipes 2-11 and the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is evenly connected to the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 around, that is, the biomass carbon reaction chamber 2-7 is connected with the conversion reaction chamber 2-6 through the transition pipe 2-11. The upper part of the front end of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is provided with a biomass carbon inlet 2 -5, an activated carbon outlet 2-10 is provided at the lower rear end, wherein the biochar inlet 2-5 is connected to the biochar outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1, the biochar outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 is higher than the biochar inlet 2-5, or the biochar at the biochar outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 is transported to the biochar inlet 2-5 by a transport device; a plurality of water vapor inlets 2-8 are uniformly provided around the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18; a conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 is provided inside The reaction chamber 2-6, two groups of medium-temperature catalysts 2-12 (iron-chromium catalysts can be used) are installed in the conversion reaction chamber 2-6, and the methanol raw gas outlet 2-15 (output methanol pre-gas, i.e. methanol raw gas) at the rear end of the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 is connected to the methanol synthesis tower 5; the fuel gas inlet 2-13 of the combustion chamber 2-3 is connected to the gasification gas outlet (output gasification gas, i.e. fuel gas shown in the figure) of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 2-3 is output from the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 2-3 is connected to the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 The radiant tube flue gas inlet at one end is connected, and the high-temperature radiant tube 2-4 axially penetrates the middle part of the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the middle part of the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 in sequence, that is, penetrates the center of the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 and the conversion reaction chamber 2-6, and the high-temperature radiant tube 2-4 is rotatably sealed with the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 (the rotary sealing method adopts the existing commonly used method), that is, when the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 rotate, the high-temperature radiant tube 2-4 does not rotate.

[0037] The transmission component 2-9 is connected to the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17, and the transmission component 2-9 is used to drive the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 to rotate. The transmission component 2-9 adopts a motor transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of the motor transmission mechanism is connected with a gear. The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 is provided with a ring rack meshing with the gear. The motor transmission mechanism and the gear are supported on the bracket. The water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2 is supported by a fixed bracket with a gear. The motor transmission mechanism drives the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 to rotate through the gear and the rack in turn, so that the reaction is more sufficient.

[0038] The radiation tube flue gas outlet 2-16 of the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3, and the water vapor outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is respectively connected to the water vapor inlet 2-8 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the water vapor inlet 2-8 of the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18, so as to provide the water vapor required for the reaction of the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 and the conversion reaction chamber 2-6, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet on the air preheater 4, and the preheated air outlet of the air preheater 4 is connected to the preheated air inlet 2-14 of the combustion chamber 2-3, and the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 4 is connected to the fan 6, and the fan 6 is connected to the chimney 7.

[0039] The biochar outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 is connected to the biochar inlet 2-5 of the water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2. The biochar is fed into the biochar inlet 2-5 and then enters the water gas and activated carbon production part 2-1. The activated carbon after the water vapor reacts with the biochar is discharged from the activated carbon outlet 2-10. The gas (CO and H) generated by the reaction of the water vapor and the biochar is 2 ) is sent to the shift reaction part 2-2 through the transition pipe 2-11, and the CO and H suitable for methanol production obtained by the shift reaction are 2The gas of the ratio enters the methanol synthesis tower 5, and finally the methanol is discharged from the outlet of the methanol synthesis tower 5. The combustion chamber 2-3 of the water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2 is connected to the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4. The high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 provides the heat required by the water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device 2. The flue gas passes through the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 and is sent to the waste heat boiler 3. The water vapor generated by the waste heat boiler 3 is supplied to the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction chamber 2-6 in the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 to provide the water vapor required for the reaction. The flue gas coming out of the waste heat boiler 3 passes through the air preheater 4, and the high-temperature air obtained by the air preheater 4 is sent to the preheated air inlet 2-14 of the combustion chamber 2-3 to provide the air and temperature required for combustion; the flue gas coming out of the air preheater 4 is discharged from the chimney 7 through the fan 6. Of course, the water vapor required for the reaction in the biochar reaction chamber 2-7 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction chamber 2-6 in the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 can also be supplied by other external equipment, and the high-temperature air required for the combustion chamber 2-3 can also be supplied by other equipment.

[0040] The biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 and the shift reaction chamber 2-6 are both provided with thermocouples, and the thermocouples are used to measure the temperature of the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 and the shift reaction chamber 2-6.

[0041] Refractory bricks 2-19 are arranged on the inner walls of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18.

[0042] The water vapor inlet 2-8 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the water vapor inlet 2-8 of the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 of this embodiment can be connected to the water vapor outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 through a rotary joint. The biochar inlet 2-5 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 can also be connected to the biochar outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 through a rotary joint.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a system for producing methanol and high-quality activated carbon from biomass, comprising the following steps:

[0044] 1. Biomass gasification: Biomass is fed into the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 through a feeding device, and a gasification reaction occurs at 600-700°C. The mixed gas produced by the gasification reaction enters the combustion chamber 2-3 for combustion, and the biomass charcoal obtained by the gasification reaction is fed into the biomass charcoal inlet 2-5 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17, and then fed into the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7;

[0045] 2. Water gas and activated carbon production: The motor transmission mechanism drives the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18 to rotate. At the same time, the water vapor from the waste heat boiler 3 of the waste heat recovery part is sent into the biomass carbon reaction chamber 2-7 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17, and reacts with the biomass carbon at about 900-950℃ to produce CO and H 2 The heat required for the reaction comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 2-3, which enters the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 that runs through the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction cylinder 2-18. The water vapor and the biochar undergo a pore-forming reaction at the same time to obtain activated carbon, which is discharged from the activated carbon outlet 2-10 of the water-gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17. The biochar moves inside the production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 as the activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 rotate, and fully reacts with the water vapor during the movement.

[0046] 3. Shift reaction: CO and H obtained from water gas and activated carbon production part 2-1 2 The mixed gas mainly enters the shift reaction chamber 2-6 in the shift reaction cylinder 2-18 through the transition pipe 2-11, and reacts with a proper amount of water vapor (the water vapor flow rate can be controlled by the valve opening connected to the water vapor inlet 2-8) under the action of the catalyst 2-12 in the shift reaction chamber 2-6 to obtain methanol pre-gas suitable for methanol synthesis. The heat required for the reaction also comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber 2-3 entering the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4;

[0047] 4. Synthesis of methanol: The methanol pre-gas is fed into the methanol synthesis tower 5 through the methanol raw gas outlet 2-15 to obtain methanol. The specific structure of the methanol synthesis tower 5 adopts the existing common structure;

[0048] 5. Waste heat recycling: The flue gas from the high temperature radiation tube 2-4 passes through the waste heat boiler 3, and the water vapor generated by the waste heat boiler 3 is supplied to the biomass charcoal reaction chamber 2-7 of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder 2-17 and the conversion reaction chamber 2-6 in the conversion reaction cylinder 2-18. The flue gas from the high waste heat boiler 3 passes through the air preheater 4, and the high temperature air obtained by the air preheater 4 is sent to the preheating air inlet 2-14 of the combustion chamber 2-3; the flue gas from the air preheater 4 passes through the fan 6 and is discharged from the chimney 7.

[0049] The motor transmission mechanism, thermocouple, fan 6 and the like in this embodiment are all connected to an external power source.

[0050] Example of this system device: Biomass is added to the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device 1 from the feed hopper, and air is used as the gasification agent to gasify in the gasifier to obtain combustible gas and biochar. The combustible gas is passed into the combustion chamber 2-3 for high-temperature combustion to produce 1100°C high-temperature flue gas, which enters the high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 under the drive of negative pressure. The biochar enters the biochar reaction chamber 2-7 from the upper part of the water gas and activated carbon production part 2-1 of the integrated water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production device 2, and is heated by the high-temperature radiation from the center. The heat from the tube 2-4 is used to react the biochar with water vapor at 900-950℃ to produce water gas (CO\H2 and a small amount of carbon dioxide). At the same time, the water vapor reacts with the biochar to form pores to obtain high-quality activated carbon. The water gas is pumped into the conversion reaction part 2-2 through the intermediate transition tube 2-11 by the induced draft fan outside the system. The water gas uses the heat from the central high-temperature radiation tube 2-4 and the catalyst to produce the pre-gas for methanol production (i.e., CO and H suitable for methanol production). 2 The pre-gas is sent to the methanol synthesis tower 5 to obtain methanol. The medium-temperature flue gas passing through the high-temperature radiation tubes 2-4 then enters the waste heat boiler 3 to generate water vapor (for gas reaction and shift reaction). The flue gas passing through the waste heat boiler 3 is finally sent to the air preheater 4 (hot air is sent to the combustion chamber 2-3 for use), and finally the flue gas is discharged by the fan 6.

[0051] This embodiment has the following advantages: (1) This embodiment converts biomass into biochar for the raw material of methanol production through a biomass gasification and co-production carbon device, breaking the traditional production method of using gasification gas as raw material, ensuring the stability of the raw material for methanol production. (2) This embodiment innovatively combines the production of methanol raw gas with the production of activated carbon. The common point of using water vapor as the gasifier and activator in the production of both is to achieve stable gasification of biochar and obtain high-quality activated carbon. (3) This embodiment uses a unique heat radiation structure through an integrated device for water gas, shift reaction and activated carbon production to effectively and evenly control the temperature of biochar preparation of methanol production raw gas and activated carbon production, and at the same time control the temperature of the catalyst in the shift reaction chamber. The unstable combustible gas obtained by the biomass gasification and co-production carbon device is used for combustion to supply water gas and the heat required for shift reaction and activated carbon production, killing three birds with one stone. (4) In the production process of this embodiment, the centralized utilization of heat is the key process, which achieves the production of methanol from biomass while obtaining high-quality carbon, significantly improving the stability, economy and environmental benefits of methanol from biomass. (5) This embodiment combines biomass to produce methanol with high-quality activated carbon, solving the problem of using biomass gasification gas directly as a pre-gas for methanol production in traditional production. The unstable components of the gasification gas lead to unstable methanol process and the production cannot be scaled up. This embodiment uses biomass carbon as the carbon source for methanol production. Water gas is produced in the water-gas reaction and high-quality activated carbon is obtained at the same time. The gasification gas (i.e., combustible gas) produced by the gasification reaction in the biomass gasification co-production carbon device is used as the heat source for the entire production, thereby achieving the production of biomass to produce methanol while obtaining high-quality carbon, significantly improving the stability, economy and environmental benefits of biomass to produce methanol.

[0052] The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. Any replacement, deformation, and improvement of the technology that can be easily thought of by technicians in this field shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon, characterized by: It comprises a biomass gasification co-production charcoal device (1), a water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device (2), a waste heat boiler (3), an air preheater (4), a methanol synthesis tower (5), a fan (6) and a chimney (7); The water gas and shift reaction and activated carbon production integrated device (2) comprises a water gas and activated carbon production part (2-1), a shift reaction part (2-2), a combustion chamber (2-3), a high temperature radiation tube (2-4), a transmission component (2-9) and a transition pipe (2-11). The water gas and activated carbon production part (2-1) comprises a water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17). A biomass carbon reaction chamber (2-7) is arranged inside the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17). The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) is connected to the shift reaction cylinder (2-18) of the shift reaction part (2-2) through the transition pipe (2-11). A biomass carbon inlet (2-5) is provided at the top of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17), and an activated carbon outlet (2-10) is provided at the bottom. The biomass carbon inlet (2-5) is connected to the biomass carbon outlet of the biomass gasification and charcoal co-production device (1). The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the shift reaction cylinder (2-18) are both provided with a water vapor inlet (2-8), a shift reaction chamber (2-6) is provided inside the shift reaction cylinder (2-18), a catalyst (2-12) is installed in the shift reaction chamber (2-6), and a methanol raw gas outlet (2-15) at the rear end of the shift reaction cylinder (2-18) is connected to the methanol synthesis tower (5); the fuel gas inlet (2-1 3) connected to the gasification gas outlet of the biomass gasification co-production charcoal device (1), the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber (2-3) is connected to the radiant tube flue gas inlet of the high-temperature radiant tube (2-4), the high-temperature radiant tube (2-4) sequentially penetrates the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the shift reaction cylinder (2-18), and the high-temperature radiant tube (2-4) is rotatably sealed and connected to the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the shift reaction cylinder (2-18); The transmission component (2-9) is connected to the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) or the conversion reaction cylinder (2-18), and the transmission component (2-9) is used to drive the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the conversion reaction cylinder (2-18) to rotate; the transmission component (2-9) adopts a motor transmission mechanism, the output shaft of the motor transmission mechanism is connected to a gear, and the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) is provided with an annular rack meshing with the gear; The radiant tube flue gas outlet (2-16) of the high-temperature radiant tube (2-4) is connected to the flue gas inlet on the waste heat boiler (3); the water vapor outlet of the waste heat boiler (3) is respectively connected to the water vapor inlet (2-8) of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the water vapor inlet (2-8) of the shift reaction cylinder (2-18); the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (3) is connected to the flue gas inlet on the air preheater (4); the preheated air outlet of the air preheater (4) is connected to the preheated air inlet (2-14) of the combustion chamber (2-3); the flue gas outlet of the air preheater (4) is connected to the fan (6); and the fan (6) is connected to the chimney (7).

2. The system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water vapor inlets (2-8) are evenly arranged around the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the conversion reaction cylinder (2-18).

3. The system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) is connected to the shift reaction cylinder (2-18) of the shift reaction part (2-2) through four transition pipes (2-11).

4. The system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass charcoal reaction chamber (2-7) and the shift reaction chamber (2-6) are both provided with thermocouples, and the thermocouples are used to measure the temperatures of the biomass charcoal reaction chamber (2-7) and the shift reaction chamber (2-6).

5. The system for preparing methanol from biomass and co-producing high-quality activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: Refractory bricks (2-19) are arranged on the inner walls of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the shift reaction cylinder (2-18).

6. A method for preparing methanol and co-producing high-quality activated carbon from biomass, characterized in that: The system for preparing methanol and co-producing high-quality activated carbon from biomass according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: (1) Biomass gasification: biomass is fed into a biomass gasification co-production charcoal device (1), where a gasification reaction occurs. The mixed gas produced by the gasification reaction enters a combustion chamber (2-3) for combustion. The biochar obtained by the gasification reaction is fed into a biochar inlet (2-5) of a water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17), and then fed into a biochar reaction chamber (2-7); (2) Water gas and activated carbon production: water vapor from the waste heat boiler (3) of the waste heat recovery section is sent into the biomass carbon reaction chamber (2-7) of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17), and reacts with the biomass carbon at high temperature to produce CO and H2. The heat required for the reaction comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber (2-3) entering the high-temperature radiation tube (2-4) that runs through the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the conversion reaction cylinder (2-18). The water vapor and the biomass carbon simultaneously undergo a pore-forming reaction to obtain activated carbon, which is discharged from the activated carbon outlet (2-10) of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17); (3) Shift reaction: The mixed gas mainly composed of CO and H2 obtained in the water gas and activated carbon production part (2-1) enters the shift reaction chamber (2-6) in the shift reaction cylinder (2-18) through the transition pipe (2-11), and reacts with water vapor under the action of the catalyst (2-12) in the shift reaction chamber (2-6) to obtain methanol pre-gas suitable for methanol synthesis. The heat required for the reaction also comes from the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber (2-3) entering the high-temperature radiation tube (2-4); (4) Synthesis of methanol: The methanol pre-gas is fed into the methanol synthesis tower (5) through the methanol raw gas outlet (2-15) to obtain methanol.

7. The method for preparing methanol and co-producing high-quality activated carbon from biomass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: (5) Waste heat recycling: The flue gas from the high temperature radiation tube (2-4) passes through the waste heat boiler (3), and the water vapor generated by the waste heat boiler (3) is supplied to the biomass charcoal reaction chamber (2-7) of the water gas and activated carbon production cylinder (2-17) and the conversion reaction chamber (2-6) in the conversion reaction cylinder (2-18). The flue gas from the high waste heat boiler (3) passes through the air preheater (4), and the high temperature air obtained by the air preheater (4) is sent to the preheating air inlet (2-14) of the combustion chamber (2-3); the flue gas from the air preheater (4) passes through the fan (6) and is discharged from the chimney (7).

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