Biomimetic ballistic panel inspired by the shells of acmaea and the elytra of ironclad beetles

Abstract

This invention discloses a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-foot snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, comprising: an upper plate, a middle plate, and a lower plate stacked sequentially from top to bottom, with the bottom of the upper plate extending into and fastening the lower plate. The upper, middle, and lower plates are connected by a mortise and tenon structure. A mortise and tenon transition layer is provided between the upper and middle plates, and between the middle and lower plates. The biomimetic bulletproof insert is designed to resemble the shell of the scaly-foot snail. The upper plate is a rigid metal plate, capable of attenuating most of the impact energy. Its bottom extends inward to form a support plate that inverts and fastens the lower plate, preventing the bulletproof insert from slipping between layers. The upper and middle plates are connected by a first mortise and tenon structure designed to resemble the elytra of the ironclad beetle, preventing interlayer delamination with reduced or even no adhesive. The middle plate is made of high-performance fiberboard material, which helps to release energy and reduce vibration. The transition layer with a second mortise and tenon structure between the middle and lower plates further effectively prevents interlayer delamination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protective equipment technology, and in particular to a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the excellent protective functions of the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron beetle. Background Technology

[0002] Body armor, as a lightweight protective gear for individual soldiers, provides crucial safety. However, currently widely used body armor offers suboptimal performance and is not well-suited to harsh environments, failing to meet expected requirements. To improve the protective capabilities of body armor, the application of ballistic inserts is becoming increasingly widespread.

[0003] Existing bulletproof plates are mostly made by directly bonding ceramic panels or metal steel plates to composite material backing plates. These plates have relatively weak overall ballistic protection performance and are prone to delamination and detachment under heavy impact. Furthermore, when exposed to water, hydrolysis can cause delamination between the plates, making existing bulletproof plates highly susceptible to water damage.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need further improvement and development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, which solves the technical problems of weak impact resistance and great influence from the water surface.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, comprising:

[0008] The top, middle and bottom plates are stacked sequentially from top to bottom;

[0009] A transition layer with mortise and tenon structure is provided between the upper plate and the middle plate, and between the middle plate and the lower plate, and the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are connected by the mortise and tenon structure;

[0010] The upper plate and the middle plate are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure designed in imitation of the elytra of the iron beetle.

[0011] The middle plate and the lower plate are connected by a second tenon structure designed in imitation of the elytra of the iron beetle.

[0012] One side of the upper plate extends into the bottom and inner layer as a support plate and is provided with an inverted hook for securing the lower plate.

[0013] The biomimetic bulletproof insert is designed to resemble the shell of a snail with scales, horns, belly, and feet.

[0014] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, wherein the height of the support plate is 1 / 50 of the height of the bulletproof insert; the support plate is inverted at 1 / 20 of the height of the lower plate, and the thickness of the inverted hook is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate.

[0015] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle is characterized in that the upper plate, middle plate and lower plate are all arc-shaped.

[0016] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, wherein the ratio of the size of the first tenon structure between the upper plate and the middle plate to the spacing between the tenon structures is 1:2; and the ratio of the size of the second tenon structure between the middle plate and the lower plate to the distance between the tenon structures is 1:2.

[0017] The biomimetic bulletproof insert, inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, comprises a single first tenon structure between the upper and middle plates, the cross-section of which is formed by cutting and combining a first circle and two second circles, with the ratio of the diameter of the first circle to the diameter of the second circle being 8:3; and a single second tenon structure between the middle and lower plates, the cross-section of which is formed by cutting and combining a third circle and two fourth circles, with the ratio of the diameter of the third circle to the diameter of the fourth circle being 8:3.

[0018] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron beetle, wherein the upper plate is a rigid metal plate, the middle plate is a high-performance fiberboard, and the lower plate is a rigid ceramic plate.

[0019] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, wherein the thickness of the first tenon structure between the upper plate and the middle plate is 2 / 3 of the thickness of the upper plate, and the thickness of the second tenon structure between the middle plate and the lower plate is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate.

[0020] The aforementioned biomimetic bulletproof insert, inspired by the shell of the scaly-foot snail and the elytra of the iron-foot beetle, wherein the elastic modulus ratio of each layer of the bulletproof insert is designed in accordance with the scaly-foot snail, and the elastic modulus ratio of the upper plate, the middle plate, and the lower plate is approximately 3:1:10.

[0021] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, wherein the thickness ratio of the upper plate, the middle plate, and the lower plate is approximately 3:15:20.

[0022] The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle has an overall size of 250mm × 300mm for the upper, middle, and lower plates. The thickness of the upper plate ranges from 1.2 to 2.1mm; the thickness of the middle plate ranges from 6.0 to 10.5mm; and the thickness of the lower plate ranges from 8.0 to 14.0mm.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-foot snail and the elytra of the iron-foot beetle. The biomimetic bulletproof insert provided by this invention, inspired by the excellent protective performance of the shell of the scaly-foot snail and the elytra of the iron-foot beetle, is configured as a three-layer structure consisting of an upper plate, a middle plate, and a lower plate. Compared to traditional double-layer bulletproof inserts, the new bulletproof insert divides the rigid plate into an upper and lower plate, and uses a flexible plate as the middle plate. The three layers and the interface geometry between the plates each play their respective functions, which can more effectively improve the protective performance and effectively reduce interlayer delamination caused by hydrolysis.

[0024] The upper plate is a rigid metal plate that absorbs a large amount of impact energy while deforming and blunting the bullet. Its bottom extends towards the lower plate, forming a support plate that inverts and holds the lower plate in place to prevent the bulletproof inserts from slipping between layers. The upper and middle plates are connected by a mortise and tenon joint structure, mimicking that of an iron beetle. This structure prevents delamination with minimal or no adhesive bonding. The mortise and tenon structure leads to interfacial stress distribution and potential energy dissipation through interfacial delamination. If expansion or lateral displacement occurs, it is subsequently stopped by interfacial compression and adjacent low-shear regions, thus preventing the entire upper plate from continuously and completely delaminating from the middle plate or undergoing catastrophic fracture within the upper plate. The middle plate is made of high-performance fiberboard material, which further dissipates the bullet's kinetic energy by generating a large amount of inelastic deformation, preventing the propagation of cracks from the upper plate and reducing the inelastic deformation of the lower plate, thus acting as an energy absorber and shock absorber. A thicker mortise and tenon transition layer exists between the middle and lower plates, further effectively preventing delamination. The lower plate is a rigid ceramic plate, providing resistance to bending and reducing radial displacement. The middle and lower plates work together to absorb and dissipate a large amount of impact energy, thereby reducing harm to the human body. Simultaneously, the mortise and tenon structure between the plates allows for a tight fit with reduced or no adhesive, ensuring the bulletproof inserts remain functional even in wet conditions. Compared to existing technologies, this biomimetic bulletproof insert can absorb a significant amount of impact energy, greatly reducing the impact of bullets on the human body. Furthermore, the mortise and tenon structure between the plates allows for a tight fit with reduced or no adhesive, minimizing the effects of hydrolysis. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shell of the scaly-footed snail.

[0026] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the ironclad beetle.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second tenon structures of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper plate of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the upper plate of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mortise and tenon structure of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cross-section of the structure consists of a large-diameter arc and two small-diameter arcs.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adjacent tenon and mortise structure of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the upper plate of a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0036] 1. Top board; 2. Middle board; 3. Bottom board; 4. First mortise and tenon structure; 5. Second mortise and tenon structure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] This invention provides a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-footed beetle. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0039] The inventors discovered that the high-efficiency biological protection and strong environmental adaptability provided inspiration for improving the performance of bulletproof inserts.

[0040] This invention is based on the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-headed beetle.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shell of the scaly-foot snail. The scaly-foot snail's shell has a natural advantage as a biological prototype for biomimetic bulletproof vests. Compared to ordinary conch shells, the outermost layer of the scaly-foot snail's shell has an additional layer of composite structure composed of iron tetrasulfide particles (approximately 20 nm in diameter) and nanoparticle-structured organic matter. This structure can absorb a large amount of impact energy while deforming and blunting the impactor. Furthermore, the middle organic layer is thicker than that of ordinary conch shells, which also allows the scaly-foot snail's shell to absorb impacts more effectively.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ironclad beetle. Over a long period of evolution, the ironclad beetle lost the ability to fly from its membranous hindwings, but instead gained strong defensive capabilities through its fixedly connected elytra, resisting the squeezing and piercing of predators, and even withstanding being run over by a car. The ironclad beetle can withstand a load of 133±16N, approximately 39,000 times its body weight. The connection methods between the elytra and between the elytra and the abdominal exoskeleton play a crucial role in its high defensive capabilities. Experiments have shown that among the various elytra of the ironclad beetle, the tenon-and-mortise joint structure can withstand greater tensile forces.

[0043] Therefore, the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the tenon-and-mortise elytra of the ironclad beetle can be imitated and applied to bulletproof inserts. This can improve the energy absorption and shock absorption effect of the bulletproof inserts while making them adaptable to humid environments.

[0044] Inspired by the excellent protective properties of the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, this invention provides a novel bulletproof insert that reduces or even eliminates the need for adhesive bonding, thereby mitigating or even avoiding delamination between the inserts caused by hydrolysis, while also enhancing the impact resistance of the insert.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, comprising:

[0047] The top plate 1, middle plate 2, and bottom plate 3 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, mortise and tenon-shaped transition layers are provided between the upper plate 1 and the middle plate 2, and between the middle plate 2 and the lower plate 3, respectively. The upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3 are tightly connected by mortise and tenon structures. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a support plate 11 extends from one side of the upper plate 1 towards the bottom and inward, and is provided with a hook 12 for hooking the lower plate 3 inward. In this embodiment of the invention, the upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3 are tightly connected by a mortise and tenon structure. The support plate 11 extending from one side of the upper plate towards the bottom and inward, and the hook 12 provided on the support plate 11, can hook and lock the lower plate 3 inward, making the connection between the upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3 tighter.

[0048] The overall shape of the biomimetic bulletproof insert in this embodiment of the invention mimics the shell design of the scaly-foot snail, and the thickness ratio of the upper plate, the middle plate, and the lower plate is approximately 3:15:20. This provides the biomimetic bulletproof insert, inspired by the shell of the scaly-foot snail and the elytra of the iron beetle, with sufficient thickness to enhance its protective capabilities. In this embodiment, the elastic modulus ratio of each layer of the bulletproof insert is also modeled after the scaly-foot snail, with the upper plate, middle plate, and lower plate having an elastic modulus ratio of approximately 3:1:10, which effectively improves the safety factor.

[0049] Furthermore, this embodiment presents a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle. The upper plate 1 is a rigid metal plate capable of attenuating most of the bullet's impact energy. One side of the upper plate 1 extends downwards and inwards to form a support plate 11, with an inverted hook 12 at its tail for securing the lower plate 3, preventing the bulletproof insert from slipping between layers. Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the upper plate 1 is a rigid metal plate, the middle plate 2 is a high-performance fiberboard, and the lower plate 3 is a rigid ceramic plate. In this embodiment, by using a rigid metal plate for the upper plate 1, a high-performance fiberboard for the middle plate 2, and a rigid ceramic plate for the lower plate 3, the upper plate 1 and lower plate 3 function as rigid layers, while the middle plate 2 functions as a flexible layer. This three-layer structure—rigid layer-flexible layer-rigid layer—can dissipate the bullet's impact energy over a shorter distance, reducing the bullet's penetration depth and minimizing harm to the human body.

[0051] The upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3 are connected by first and second mortise and tenon structures, respectively, modeled after the elytra of the iron beetle. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the upper plate 1 and the middle plate 2 are connected by a first tenon structure 4 designed to resemble the elytra of a beetle, which can prevent interlayer delamination with reduced or even no adhesive bonding. The middle plate 2 is made of high-performance fiberboard material, which can further dissipate the kinetic energy of the bullet by generating a large amount of inelastic deformation, reducing the inelastic deformation of the inner layer, and playing a role in slowing down energy release and reducing vibration. Preferably, in the biomimetic bulletproof insert of this embodiment of the invention, the plates adopt a tenon structure designed to resemble the elytra of a beetle, the thickness of the first tenon structure 4 between the upper plate 1 and the middle plate 2 is 2 / 3 of the thickness of the upper plate, and the thickness of the second tenon structure between the middle plate 2 and the lower plate 3 is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, a thicker second tenon structure 5 forms a transition layer between the middle plate 2 and the lower plate 3, which more effectively prevents interlayer delamination. The lower plate 3 is a hard ceramic plate used to provide support and fatigue resistance. The biomimetic insert of this embodiment can absorb and dissipate a large amount of impact energy, thereby reducing harm to the human body. At the same time, the tenon structure used between the plates can still fit tightly with reduced or even no adhesive, allowing the bulletproof insert to still function normally even in humid conditions (such as water training, where hydrolysis will destroy the unsaturated groups of polyester, causing delamination at the fiber and resin interface).

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the cross-section of a single first tenon joint between the upper plate and the middle plate is formed by cutting and combining a first circle and two second circles, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the first circle to the diameter of the second circle is 8:3; the cross-section of a single second tenon joint between the middle plate and the lower plate is formed by cutting and combining a third circle and two fourth circles, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the third circle to the diameter of the fourth circle is 8:3. Preferably, as follows... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of a single first tenon structure 4 between the upper plate 1 and the middle plate 2 consists of a large-diameter arc and two small-diameter arcs, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown, the large-diameter arc is an arc with a radius of 0.4, and the small-diameter arc is an arc with a radius of 0.15. Preferably, in this embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the diameter of the large-diameter arc to the diameter of the small-diameter arc is 8:3; similarly, the cross-section of a single second tenon structure 5 between the middle plate 2 and the lower plate 3 consists of a large-diameter arc and two small-diameter arcs, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, the large-diameter arc has a radius of 0.4, and the small-diameter arc has a radius of 0.15. The ratio of the diameter of the large-diameter arc to the diameter of the small-diameter arc is 8:3.

[0054] Furthermore, based on the tenon and mortise structure of the beetle's elytra, the ratio of the size of the first tenon and mortise structure between the upper and middle plates to the spacing between the tenon and mortise structures is determined to be 1:2; the ratio of the size of the second tenon and mortise structure between the middle and lower plates to the distance between the tenon and mortise structures is also determined to be 1:2. Specifically, as... Figure 9 As shown, when the bulletproof insert is not bent, the straight-line distance between the centers of two adjacent large arcs in the mortise and tenon structure is the interval between the mortise and tenon structures (the dimension represented by 48 mm in the figure); the dimension of the mortise and tenon structure is the diameter of the large circle, that is, the dimension represented by 24 mm in the figure.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the upper plate 1 is selected as a cold-drawn pure copper metal plate. This significantly reduces the attenuation of the projectile's kinetic energy. The projectile undergoes wear and passivation when penetrating the cold-drawn pure copper plate. Simultaneously, the cold-drawn pure copper plate develops microcracks upon impact with the projectile, allowing the fibers of the middle plate 2 to enter between these microcracks.

[0056] Preferably, the middle plate 2 is made of high-performance fiberboard. For example, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has good mechanical properties and moderate cost. It has stronger comprehensive properties such as impact resistance, impact energy absorption, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, non-adhesion, low water absorption, and low density. Therefore, the middle plate 2 in this embodiment is made of pre-impregnated UHMWPE. The UHMWPE board acts as a flexible layer to release energy.

[0057] The lower plate 3 is made of hard ceramic. Among commonly used hard ceramics, although boron carbide has the best mechanical properties, its manufacturing cost is high. Silicon carbide, on the other hand, is relatively moderately priced. Therefore, the lower plate 3 in this embodiment is made of silicon carbide ceramic. The silicon carbide ceramic plate has a very high elastic modulus, and when impacted by a bullet, it will absorb the bullet's kinetic energy by breaking instantly. As a rigid layer, silicon carbide ceramic is mainly used to provide support and significantly reduce the bullet's kinetic energy.

[0058] In Embodiment 1 of this invention, the upper plate, middle plate, and lower plate are connected using mortise and tenon joints of different sizes, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the layers are joined together using a mortise and tenon structure. The wavy geometry of the mortise and tenon structure generates interfacial stress distribution and a potential energy dissipation mechanism through interfacial delamination. If expansion occurs, it is prevented by interfacial compression and adjacent low-shear regions, thereby preventing continuous, complete delamination or catastrophic fracture. The biomimetic bulletproof insert of this invention not only absorbs impact energy better but also maintains a tight bond between layers with reduced or even no adhesive, effectively preventing interlayer delamination caused by adhesive hydrolysis.

[0059] In this embodiment of the biomimetic bulletproof insert, when subjected to a large impact, the upper plate 1 shatters, and the first tenon structure 4 and the second tenon structure 5 break, thereby offsetting the external impact force and reducing the harm to the human body. The first tenon structure 4 and the second tenon structure 5 are prevented from breaking by the interface compression and the adjacent low-shear region, thus producing an impact-resistant effect.

[0060] Furthermore, the tenon and mortise structure between the upper plate 1 and the middle plate 2, and between the middle plate 2 and the lower plate 3, increases the contact area between the upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3, making the plates fit together more securely and facilitating the dissipation of impact energy.

[0061] Furthermore, one side of the upper plate 1 extends a support plate towards the bottom and inwards, and is provided with an undercut hook for securing the lower plate 3, which can prevent longitudinal relative sliding between the layers. Preferably, the height of the support plate 11 is 1 / 50 of the height of the bulletproof insert; the support plate is undercut at 1 / 20 of the height of the lower plate, and the thickness of the undercut hook 12 is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate. In this embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the height of the support plate 11 to the height of the bulletproof insert can be customized as needed. In a specific embodiment, the ratio can be appropriately increased or decreased to ensure that the support plate can secure the lower plate.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inner side of the tray 11 has a tenon-and-mortise shaped protrusion structure, forming the inverted hook.

[0063] Furthermore, preferably, the upper plate 1, the middle plate 2, and the lower plate 3 are all arc-shaped, which can better fit the protective insert and increase the contact area between the wearer and the protective insert. In this embodiment, the arc is 40°.

[0064] Furthermore, the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3 are chamfered on both sides of the same end along the length direction, wherein the chamfer dimensions are 10mm × 50mm, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, the upper plate has chamfered edges on both the left and right sides, ensuring a smooth transition at the corners of the bulletproof insert, meeting the requirements for both bulletproof inserts and bulletproof vests, and enhancing both aesthetics and practicality. Alternatively, rounded chamfers can also be used.

[0065] Furthermore, the thickness of the plates directly affects the protective performance and weight of the bulletproof plate. If the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3 are too thick, while this improves protection, it makes the entire plate heavy and reduces flexibility. If the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3 are too thin, while this makes the plate lighter, it doesn't provide adequate protection. Therefore, the design mimics the thickness ratio of the layers in the shell of the scaly-footed snail to achieve both lightweight design and high ballistic performance.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the overall dimensions of the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3 are all 250mm × 300mm. The thickness of the upper plate ranges from 1.2 to 2.1mm; the thickness of the middle plate ranges from 6.0 to 10.5mm; and the thickness of the lower plate ranges from 8.0 to 14.0mm. Preferably, the thickness of the upper plate 1 is 1.2mm, the thickness of the middle plate 2 is 6.0mm, the thickness of the lower plate 3 is 8.0mm, the thickness of the first tenon and mortise structure layer is 0.8mm, and the thickness of the second tenon and mortise structure layer is 2.0mm. In this case, the overall thickness of the bulletproof insert is 18.0mm. When a bullet impacts the bulletproof insert at a range of 10m, the upper plate 1 is penetrated, the middle plate 2 is deformed, the lower plate 3 is slightly cracked, and the entire bulletproof insert remains unpenetrated.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] Embodiment 2 of this invention provides a biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle. Unlike Embodiment 1, the upper plate 1 has a thickness of 1.5 mm, the middle plate 2 has a thickness of 7.5 mm, the lower plate 3 has a thickness of 10 mm, the first tenon structure layer has a thickness of 1.0 mm, and the second tenon structure layer has a thickness of 2.5 mm. The overall thickness of the bulletproof insert is 22.5 mm. When a bullet impacts the bulletproof insert at a range of 10 m, the upper plate 1 is penetrated, the middle plate 2 is slightly deformed, the lower plate 3 shows no significant change, and the entire bulletproof insert remains unpenetrated.

[0069] Comparative Example 1:

[0070] Unlike Example 1, the thickness of the upper plate 1 is 3.0 mm, the thickness of the middle plate 2 is 15.0 mm, the thickness of the lower plate 3 is 20.0 mm, the thickness of the first tenon structure layer is 2.0 mm, and the thickness of the second tenon structure layer is 5.0 mm. In this case, the overall thickness of the bulletproof insert is 45 mm. When a bullet impacts the bulletproof insert at a range of 10 m, the upper plate 1 is not penetrated, the middle plate 2 shows no significant change, and the lower plate 3 shows no significant change. The entire bulletproof insert remains unpenetrated.

[0071] Comparative Example 2:

[0072] Unlike Example 1, the thickness of the upper plate 1 is 0.7 mm, the thickness of the middle plate 2 is 3.3 mm, the thickness of the lower plate 3 is 4.5 mm, the thickness of the first tenon structure layer is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the second tenon structure layer is 1.2 mm. In this case, the overall thickness of the bulletproof insert is 10.2 mm. When a bullet impacts the bulletproof insert at a range of 10 m, the upper plate 1 is penetrated, the middle plate 2 is penetrated, and the lower plate 3 is penetrated. The entire bulletproof insert is penetrated.

[0073] In summary, the biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the ironclad beetle in this embodiment of the invention has several drawbacks. Excessive thickness of the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3, while preventing penetration, results in excessive weight and reduced flexibility. Conversely, insufficient thickness of the upper plate 1, middle plate 2, and lower plate 3, while improving flexibility, fails to guarantee the protective performance of the bulletproof insert, i.e., its impact resistance. Therefore, the thickness of the upper plate ranges from 1.2 to 2.1 mm; the middle plate from 6.0 to 10.5 mm; and the lower plate from 8.0 to 14.0 mm.

[0074] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0075] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, characterized in that, include: The top, middle and bottom plates are stacked sequentially from top to bottom; A transition layer with mortise and tenon structure is provided between the upper plate and the middle plate, and between the middle plate and the lower plate, and the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are connected by the mortise and tenon structure; The upper plate and the middle plate are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure designed in imitation of the elytra of the iron beetle. The middle plate and the lower plate are connected by a second tenon structure designed in imitation of the elytra of the iron beetle. One side of the upper plate extends into the bottom and inner layer as a support plate, and is equipped with a buckle for securing the lower part. plate; The biomimetic bulletproof insert is designed in the shape of the shell of a snail with scaly horns and a ventral foot. The cross-section of a single first tenon structure between the upper plate and the middle plate is formed by cutting and combining a first circle and two second circles, with the ratio of the diameter of the first circle to the diameter of the second circle being 8:3; the cross-section of a single second tenon structure between the middle plate and the lower plate is formed by cutting and combining a third circle and two fourth circles, with the ratio of the diameter of the third circle to the diameter of the fourth circle being 8:

3. The upper plate is a rigid metal plate, the middle plate is a high-performance fiberboard, and the lower plate is a rigid ceramic plate.

2. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The height of the support plate is 1 / 50 of the height of the bulletproof insert; the support plate is inverted at 1 / 20 of the height of the lower plate, and the thickness of the inverted hook is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate.

3. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The upper plate, middle plate, and lower plate are all arc-shaped.

4. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The ratio of the size of the first mortise and tenon structure between the upper plate and the middle plate to the spacing between the mortise and tenon structures is 1:2; the ratio of the size of the second mortise and tenon structure between the middle plate and the lower plate to the distance between the mortise and tenon structures is 1:

2.

5. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first tenon joint between the upper plate and the middle plate is 2 / 3 of the thickness of the upper plate, and the thickness of the second tenon joint between the middle plate and the lower plate is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the lower plate.

6. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic modulus ratio of each layer of the bulletproof insert is designed based on the scaly snail, with the elastic modulus ratio of the upper plate, the middle plate, and the lower plate being 3:1:

10.

7. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the upper plate, the middle plate, and the lower plate is 3:15:

20.

8. The biomimetic bulletproof insert inspired by the shell of the scaly-footed snail and the elytra of the iron-spotted beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall dimensions of the upper plate, middle plate, and lower plate are all 250mm × 300mm. The thickness of the upper plate ranges from 1.2 to 2.1mm; the thickness of the middle plate ranges from 6.0 to 10.5mm; and the thickness of the lower plate ranges from 8.0 to 14.0mm.

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