A single-coil based bidirectional electromagnet

Abstract

The application provides a single-coil-based bidirectional electromagnet, which comprises a shell and a coil framework arranged in the shell, a coil is sleeved on the coil framework, a sleeve is arranged in the coil framework, front and rear magnetic guide bases are arranged at two ends of the sleeve respectively, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet are arranged between the front and rear magnetic guide bases, a guide ring is further arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, an armature is arranged in the guide ring, the armature passes through the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet at two ends respectively and is close to the front and rear magnetic guide bases, a push rod is inserted into the armature, and the other end of the push rod passes through the front magnetic guide base and extends out of the shell. The application has the advantages of simple structure, compact structure and bidirectional stroke, and the size of the bidirectional electromagnet is more than 50% smaller than that of the existing bidirectional electromagnet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnet technology, and in particular to a bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil. Background Technology

[0002] Bidirectional electromagnets are a commonly used component in existing electromechanical products, primarily for control switches. Existing bidirectional electromagnets mainly consist of a coil, a guide sleeve, and an iron core. When the coil is energized, the iron core moves back and forth, thus achieving the function of controlling the switch. Existing bidirectional electromagnets have a relatively complex structure, are large in size, and all feature a dual-coil structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil. This invention has a compact structure, bidirectional stroke, and is more than 50% smaller than existing bidirectional electromagnets.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: a bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil, comprising a housing and a coil frame disposed within the housing, wherein a coil is sleeved on the coil frame.

[0005] The electromagnet further includes a sleeve disposed within a coil frame. A front magnetic base and a rear magnetic base are respectively disposed at both ends of the sleeve. A first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet are disposed between the front and rear magnetic bases. A guide ring is also disposed between the first and second permanent magnets. An armature is disposed within the guide ring. Both ends of the armature pass through the first and second permanent magnets and are close to the front and rear magnetic bases, respectively. A push rod is inserted into the armature. The other end of the push rod passes through the front magnetic base and extends out of the housing.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, a front guide magnetic seat positioning sleeve is also provided on one side of the front guide magnetic seat, and the front guide magnetic seat positioning sleeve is located inside the sleeve; a spring seat is provided inside the front guide magnetic seat positioning sleeve, and the spring seat is sleeved on the push rod.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the push rod is further fitted with a centering spring, one end of which abuts against the spring seat.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting seat is provided on the end of the push rod away from the spring seat, and a retaining ring is fitted on the push rod inside the limiting seat, with the other end of the centering spring abutting against the retaining ring.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the push rod is connected to the armature via a pin.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are assembled in the same direction with their magnetic poles repelling each other. When no power is applied, the first and second permanent magnets provide initial excitation, placing the armature in a symmetrical magnetic field. Simultaneously, the preload of the centering spring keeps the armature in the center position. At this time, the magnetic circuit is divided into two paths: one path conducts along the air outside the sleeve, and the other path conducts along the front guide magnetic seat, the rear guide magnetic seat, the guide ring, and the armature.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the housing is further fitted with an outer shell.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a screw plug is fitted onto the rear magnetic guide seat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the housing is provided with an end cap at one end near the front magnetic base.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The present invention has a simple and compact structure with bidirectional stroke, and is more than 50% smaller than existing bidirectional electromagnets;

[0016] 2. This invention provides initial excitation through a set of permanent magnet rings with the same polarity, placing the armature in a symmetrical magnetic field. Simultaneously, a preload spring keeps the armature in the neutral position. An external excitation coil, when de-energized, keeps the armature in the neutral position. When energized, the coil generates excitation, strengthening the magnetic field of one side of the permanent magnet, producing a force that drives the armature, thus propelling it. When the coil current is reversed, it strengthens the magnetic field of the other side of the permanent magnet, generating a force that drives the armature, thus propelling it. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden outer shell of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden housing structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden coil structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden coil frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden guide ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-position magnetic circuit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the left magnetic circuit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side magnetic circuit of the present invention;

[0030] In the diagram, 1-shell; 2-coil frame; 3-coil; 4-sleeve; 5-front magnetic guide seat; 6-rear magnetic guide seat; 7-first permanent magnet; 8-second permanent magnet; 9-guide ring; 10-armature; 11-push rod; 12-front magnetic guide seat positioning sleeve; 13-spring seat; 14-centering spring; 15-limit seat; 16-retaining ring; 17-shell; 18-screw plug; 19-end cap. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 10, this embodiment provides a bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil, including a housing 1 and a coil frame 2 disposed inside the housing 1. In this embodiment, the housing 1 is a metal housing 1, and a coil 3 is sleeved on the coil frame 2, through which excitation is generated.

[0033] The electromagnet also includes a sleeve 4 set inside the coil frame 2. A front magnetic base 5 and a rear magnetic base 6 are respectively set at both ends of the sleeve 4. A first permanent magnet 7 and a second permanent magnet 8 are set between the front magnetic base 5 and the rear magnetic base 6. A guide ring 9 is also set between the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8. An armature 10 is set inside the guide ring 9. The two ends of the armature 10 pass through the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 and are close to the front magnetic base 5 and the rear magnetic base 6, respectively. A push rod 11 is inserted into the armature 10. The other end of the push rod 11 passes through the front magnetic base 5 and extends out of the housing 1.

[0034] When the coil 3 is energized, it generates excitation, strengthening the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on one side and producing a force that drives the armature 10, causing it to move. When the current in the coil 3 is reversed, it strengthens the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the other side, generating a force that drives the armature 10, causing it to move.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown in Figure 9, a front magnetic seat positioning sleeve 12 is also provided on one side of the front magnetic seat 5. The front magnetic seat positioning sleeve 12 is located inside the sleeve 4. A spring seat 13 is provided inside the front magnetic seat positioning sleeve 12. The spring seat 13 is sleeved on the push rod 11.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8 and 9 As shown, a centering spring 14 is also fitted on the push rod 11, and one end of the centering spring 14 abuts against the spring seat 13.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8 and 9 As shown, a limiting seat 15 is also provided on the end of the push rod 11 away from the spring seat 13, and a retaining ring 16 is also sleeved on the push rod 11 inside the limiting seat 15. The other end of the centering spring 14 abuts against the retaining ring 16.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the push rod 11 is connected to the armature 10 via a pin. A schematic diagram of the push rod 11 in this embodiment can be found here. Figure 10 .

[0039] In this preferred embodiment, the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 are assembled in the same direction, with their magnetic poles repelling each other. When no power is applied, the magnetic circuit is divided into two paths: one path conducts through the air outside the sleeve 4, and the other path conducts through the front magnetic seat 5, the rear magnetic seat 6, the guide ring 9, and the armature 10.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the housing 1 is also fitted with an outer shell 17.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a screw plug 18 is fitted onto the rear magnetic base 6.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the housing 1 is provided with an end cap 19 at one end near the front magnetic base 5.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0044] 1) When coil 3 is not energized, the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 are assembled in the same direction, their magnetic poles repel each other, and the magnetic circuit is divided into two paths, such as... Figure 11 As shown, one air path conducts energy along the outside of sleeve 4, while the other path conducts energy along the front guide magnetic seat 5, rear guide magnetic seat 6, guide ring 9, and armature 10. The armature 10 and the front guide magnetic seat 5, and the armature 10 and the rear guide magnetic seat 6, have the same spacing between them, because this path has less magnetic reluctance loss compared to the first path. Equal magnetic attraction forces are generated at the front and rear air gaps, extending to both sides. Because the centering spring 14 has a preload, and this preload is greater than the magnetic attraction force when the armature 10 is in the center position, the armature 10 remains in the center position.

[0045] 2) When coil 3 is energized, assuming the right side of coil 3 is the N pole, the magnetism of the first permanent magnet 7 is strengthened. Because like poles repel each other, the magnetic circuit of the second permanent magnet 8 is connected along the air gap and the metal casing 1 of coil 3, forming a loop. At this time, armature 10 experiences a force to the left. When the attraction overcomes the preload of the centering spring 14, armature 10 moves to the left, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown.

[0046] 3) When the coil is energized, assuming the left side of the coil is the N pole, the magnetism of the second permanent magnet 8 is strengthened. Because like poles repel each other, the magnetic circuit of the first permanent magnet 7 is connected along the air gap and the metal casing 1 of the coil 3, forming a loop. At this time, the armature 10 is subjected to a force to the right. When the attraction overcomes the preload of the centering spring 14, the armature 10 moves to the right, as shown below. Figure 13 As shown.

[0047] The embodiments and descriptions above are merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil, comprising a housing (1) and a coil frame (2) disposed within the housing (1), wherein a coil (3) is sleeved on the coil frame (2), and the electromagnet further comprising a sleeve (4) disposed within the coil frame (2), wherein a front magnetic seat (5) and a rear magnetic seat (6) are respectively disposed at both ends of the sleeve (4), wherein a first permanent magnet (7) and a second permanent magnet (8) are disposed between the front magnetic seat (5) and the rear magnetic seat (6), wherein a guide ring (9) is also disposed between the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8), wherein an armature (10) is disposed within the guide ring (9), wherein both ends of the armature (10) pass through the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) and are close to the front magnetic seat (5) and the rear magnetic seat (6), wherein a push rod (11) is inserted into the armature (10), and the other end of the push rod (11) passes through the front magnetic seat (5) and extends out of the housing (1); A front magnetic seat positioning sleeve (12) is also provided on one side of the front magnetic seat (5), and the front magnetic seat positioning sleeve (12) is located inside the sleeve (4); a spring seat (13) is provided inside the front magnetic seat positioning sleeve (12), and the spring seat (13) is sleeved on the push rod (11). The first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) are assembled in the same direction and their magnetic poles repel each other. When no power is applied, the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) provide initial excitation so that the armature (10) is in a symmetrical magnetic field. At the same time, the preload of the centering spring (14) keeps the armature (10) in the center position. Furthermore, the magnetic circuit is divided into two paths: one path conducts through the air outside the sleeve (4), and the other path conducts through the front magnetic seat (5), the rear magnetic seat (6), the guide ring (9), and the armature (10).

2. The bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (11) is also fitted with a centering spring (14), one end of which abuts against the spring seat (13).

3. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting seat (15) is provided on one end of the push rod (11) away from the spring seat (13). A retaining ring (16) is also sleeved on the push rod (11) inside the limiting seat (15). The other end of the centering spring (14) abuts against the retaining ring (16).

4. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (11) is connected to the armature (10) by a pin.

5. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is further fitted with an outer shell (17).

6. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw plug (18) is fitted onto the rear magnetic base (6).

7. A bidirectional electromagnet based on a single coil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with an end cap (19) at one end near the front magnetic base (5).

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