A power generation control method and device of a friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a power generation control method and device of a friction nanogenerator, which is used for improving the energy transmission efficiency of the generator in the case that the frequency of input mechanical energy changes. The friction nanogenerator comprises a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module and a switch. The switch is used for controlling the capacitor to switch between a charging mode and a discharging mode. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within a collection time; when it is determined that the frequency of input mechanical energy changes based on the voltage values, calculating average power of each time period according to the electric energy increment of the capacitor in each time period; wherein the starting moment of any time period is a time point corresponding to any time period in the multiple time points, and the ending moment of any time period is the ending moment of the collection time; acquiring a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power in the multiple average powers, and calculating the switching frequency of the switch according to the starting moment and the ending moment of the target time period.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of triboelectric nanogenerator, and particularly to a power generation control method and device of triboelectric nanogenerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] The goal of global carbon neutrality has prompted people to pay attention to environmentally friendly energy collection technology. In recent years, based on the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is the most potential method to convert random low-frequency mechanical energy (also known as high-entropy energy) into electrical energy for distributed energy applications. TENG can convert mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy, and realize a series of consecutive energy flow supply through energy conversion, power generation, power transmission and power application. In order to improve the efficiency of energy flow, the related art has made improvements in energy conversion, power generation, power transmission and power consumption, such as in the aspect of energy conversion, a phase design is adopted to convert pulse voltage into constant voltage output, which can theoretically double the inherent energy output efficiency of TENG. However, the traditional technology only makes corresponding improvements in each link, and lacks control of the overall system. Especially, the mechanical energy input of the TENG is changing, so how to cope with the changing mechanical energy input and how to effectively transmit energy in the energy flow is crucial. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a power generation control method and device of triboelectric nanogenerator, which is used to improve the energy transmission efficiency when the frequency of input mechanical energy changes.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power generation control method of a triboelectric nanogenerator, the triboelectric nanogenerator comprising a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module and a switch; the switch is used to control the capacitor to switch between a charging mode and a discharging mode, the charging mode is that the capacitor charges according to the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module, and the discharging mode is that the capacitor discharges to the energy storage module; the method comprises:

[0005] obtaining voltage values of the capacitor at a plurality of time points within a collection time;

[0006] when it is determined based on the obtained voltage values that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes, calculating average power of each time period among the plurality of time periods according to an electrical energy increment of the capacitor in the each time period; wherein a starting time of any time period is a time point corresponding to the any time period among the plurality of time points, and an ending time of the any time period is an ending time of the collection time;

[0007] determining a target time period corresponding to a maximum average power in the plurality of average powers, and calculating a switching frequency of the switch according to a start time and an end time of the target time period.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0009] acquiring a standard voltage value of any time point in the plurality of time points;

[0010] when the acquired voltage value at the any time point is different from the standard voltage value, determining that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0012] acquiring a first voltage value and a second voltage value of the capacitor; the first voltage value is a voltage value of the capacitor at a start time of the any time period, and the second voltage value is a voltage value of the capacitor at an end time of the any time period;

[0013] calculating an electric energy increment of the capacitor in the any time period according to the first voltage value, the second voltage value, and a capacitance value of the capacitor.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the capacitor is in the discharging mode, the method further comprises:

[0015] controlling, by the switch, the electric energy of the capacitor to be non-zero.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0017] calculating an actual average power of any time period after the acquisition time according to a voltage value of the capacitor in the any time period after the acquisition time;

[0018] calculating a difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power;

[0019] when the difference is greater than a preset value, restarting the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch.

[0020] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power generation control device of a friction nanogenerator, the friction nanogenerator comprising a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module, and a switch; the switch is used to control the capacitor to switch between a charging mode and a discharging mode, the charging mode is that the capacitor is charged according to the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module, and the discharging mode is that the capacitor discharges to the energy storage module; the device comprises:

[0021] an acquisition unit, configured to acquire voltage values ​​of the capacitor at multiple time points within a collection time;

[0022] a processing unit, configured to calculate, when it is determined based on the acquired voltage value that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes, the average power of each time period according to the electric energy increment of the capacitor in each of the multiple time periods; wherein the start time of any time period is the time point corresponding to any time period among the multiple time points, and the end time of any time period is the end time of the acquisition time;

[0023] The processing unit is further configured to determine a target time period corresponding to a maximum average power among a plurality of average powers, and calculate a switching frequency of the switch according to a start time and an end time of the target time period.

[0024] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0025] Acquiring, by the acquisition unit, a pre-stored standard voltage value at any one of the plurality of time points;

[0026] When the voltage value acquired at any time point is different from the standard voltage value, it is determined that the mechanical frequency input by the mechanical energy input module changes.

[0027] In some embodiments, the acquiring unit is further configured to acquire a first voltage value and a second voltage value of the capacitor; the first voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the start time of any time period, and the second voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the end time of any time period;

[0028] The processing unit is further configured to calculate an electric energy increment of the capacitor within any time period according to the first voltage value, the second voltage value, and the capacitance value of the capacitor.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the capacitor is in the discharge mode, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0030] The switch controls the electric energy of the capacitor to be non-zero.

[0031] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0032] Calculating the actual average power in any time period after the acquisition time according to the voltage value of the capacitor in any time period after the acquisition time;

[0033] Calculating a difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power;

[0034] When the difference is greater than a preset value, restarting the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch.

[0035] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes a controller and a memory. The memory is configured to store computer-executable instructions, and the controller is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions in the memory to perform the operation steps of the method of any possible implementation of the first aspect using hardware resources in the controller.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the aspects.

[0037] The present application proposes determining whether the mechanical energy input from the outside changes by the voltage change of the capacitor in the triboelectric nanogenerator, and calculating the average power of the capacitor in a plurality of time periods of different lengths when the mechanical energy changes, to determine the time period corresponding to the maximum average power, i.e. the time period in which the triboelectric nanogenerator outputs optimal electric energy, so as to calculate the switching frequency of the switch according to the time period, and control the charging mode and the discharging mode of the capacitor through the switch, to realize efficient electric energy output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present application and serve to explain the principles of the present application, and do not limit the present application in any manner. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an energy management system architecture provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a triboelectric nanogenerator provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of another triboelectric nanogenerator provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of a division mode of a first unit provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3C A schematic diagram of another triboelectric nanogenerator provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A flowchart of a power generation control method of a triboelectric nanogenerator provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5A voltage-time curve at different mechanical energy frequencies provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0046] Figure 6 A voltage value at different time points of different mechanical energy frequencies provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0047] Figure 7 Another architecture schematic diagram of an energy management system provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0048] Figure 8 A flow schematic diagram of another power generation control method of a friction nanogenerator provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0049] Figure 9 A display interface schematic diagram of an energy management system provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0050] Figure 10 A structure schematic diagram of a power generation control device of a friction nanogenerator provided for the embodiment of the application;

[0051] Figure 11 A structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments described in the application file, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application technical scheme.

[0053] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification and claims of the application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0054] The friction nanogenerator is a new type of power generation technology for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Its working principle is the coupling of friction power generation and electrostatic induction. The surface net charge generated by the contact of two different materials changes with time to drive the flow of electrons in the external circuit, generating a Maxwell displacement current. The entire power generation process mainly includes four steps: energy conversion, power generation, power transmission and power application. In order to improve the efficiency of energy flow in the entire power generation process, researchers have been working to solve the key problems of each link.

[0055] In terms of energy conversion and power generation, the surface charge density determines the energy output. Through material optimization, structure design, environment control, charge pumping and charge excitation, the energy output can be improved to the threshold value under the existing conditions, so as to ensure efficient energy conversion and power generation. In addition, phase design can convert pulse voltage into constant voltage output, theoretically increasing the inherent energy output efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator from 50% to 100%, providing another strategy for ensuring efficient energy conversion and power generation in energy flow.

[0056] In terms of power transmission and power application, eliminating the large impedance difference between the triboelectric nanogenerator and the energy storage device or electronic device can ensure efficient power transmission and power application in energy flow. From the perspective of energy matching, a general power management method is proposed in the related art to solve this problem, which effectively transmits the electrical energy of the triboelectric nanogenerator by introducing temporary capacitors and trigger switches. Among them, electronic switches, tunable automatic spark switches and mechanical switches can all achieve energy accumulation and rapid release, reduce the large impedance difference between the triboelectric nanogenerator and the energy storage device or electronic device, and thus provide efficient electrical energy transmission in the energy flow of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0057] As can be seen from the above, in the four aspects of energy conversion, power generation, power transmission and power application of the triboelectric nanogenerator, specific solutions are proposed to optimize the electrical energy output of the triboelectric nanogenerator. However, the traditional scheme lacks overall control of the power generation system, especially when dealing with variable mechanical energy, it cannot guarantee efficient transmission of electrical energy. Based on this, the present application proposes a power generation control scheme for a triboelectric nanogenerator. Based on the feature that the voltage-time curve of the capacitor in the triboelectric nanogenerator will change due to the frequency change of the mechanical energy, the present application proposes that the electrical energy increment of the capacitor in different lengths of time period can be calculated according to the voltage values collected at multiple time points, and then the average power of each time period can be calculated according to the electrical energy increment. The time period corresponding to the maximum value of the average power is taken as the time period with optimal electrical energy output, so as to calculate the switching frequency of the energy conversion switch according to the starting time point and the ending time point of the time period.

[0058] In order to facilitate understanding of the power generation control scheme for the triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present application, first, the system applicable to the scheme of the present application is introduced. Referring to Figure 1 An energy management system provided by an embodiment of the present application, or also can be called as Real-time Intelligent Energy Optimization System (RIEOS), below in order to avoid ambiguity, the system applicable to the scheme of the present application is uniformly called as energy management system. It should be understood that Figure 1The various components included in the system architecture shown can be hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. As Figure 1 As shown, the energy management system includes a friction nanogenerator and a control unit. The control unit is used to determine the corresponding parameters of the friction nanogenerator according to the actual operation data of the friction nanogenerator, so as to ensure that the friction nanogenerator can maintain efficient energy output. For example, the function of the control unit can be realized by a computer, a mobile phone or other terminal, or by a server, a processing chip or other electronic device with computing power, or the control unit can be deployed on a cloud computing platform. The present application does not make any limitation. Figure 1 For example, the number of friction nanogenerators included in the energy management system is not limited, for example, one control unit can monitor the operation state of multiple friction nanogenerators and control the energy output strategy of multiple friction nanogenerators.

[0059] Figure 1 The friction nanogenerator shown in the figure can convert the input mechanical energy into electrical energy and store the converted electrical energy. Referring to Figure 2 The structure of a friction nanogenerator provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. It should be noted that Figure 2 The friction nanogenerator shown is only a functional description, and the actual structure of the friction nanogenerator is not limited. For example Figure 2 As shown, the friction nanogenerator includes a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module and a switch. The switch is used to control the capacitor to switch between charging mode and discharging mode, for example Figure 2 As shown, when the switch points to a, the capacitor will be charged based on the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module; when the switch points to b, the capacitor will discharge to the energy storage module, thereby realizing the conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy.

[0060] For example, Figure 1 The structure of the friction nanogenerator included in the energy management system shown can be referred to Figures 3A-3C It can include:

[0061] The coaxial stator 10 and rotor 20 (note that Figure 3AThe stator 10 is divided into N first units 11 in the form of sectors, and the rotor 20 is divided into N / 2 second units 21 in the form of sectors; N is an even number greater than 1; two adjacent first units 11 form an output group 12, and the two first units 11 in the output group 12 have the same area; in the initial state, each second unit 21 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each output group 12, and the relative positions of each second unit 21 and the corresponding output group 12 are different (the specific relative positions can be, but are not limited to Figure 3C The energy management system shown in FIG. 6 also includes at least two rectification structures 30 electrically connected with the at least one output group 12. Under the action of an external force, the rotor 20 rotates relative to the stator 10, so that at least part of the second units 21 come into contact with and rub against the first units 11 to generate electricity, and the electrical signals output from the output group 12 are output after passing through the rectification structure 30, and the sum of the signals output by each rectification structure 30 is a constant voltage and / or constant current signal.

[0062] It should be noted that the initial state can be understood as the state when the external force has not been applied and the rotor has not rotated relative to the stator. In this way, by setting the relative positions of each second unit and the corresponding output group, the disc-type frictional generator can achieve constant voltage and / or constant current output, thereby improving the conversion efficiency from mechanical energy to electrical energy (i.e., the phase design described in the above embodiment).

[0063] In the following, the energy management system shown in FIG. 6 will be used to specifically introduce the scheme of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6, Figure 1 FIG. 6 shows an energy management system according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6, Figure 4 FIG. 7 shows a method flow diagram of a power generation control method of a frictional nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application. As an example, the method flow can be implemented by a control unit included in the system shown in FIG. 6, and the structure of the frictional nanogenerator involved in the method can refer to the above description of the frictional nanogenerator. Figure 1 Figure 2 Or Figures 3A-3C . Figure 4 The method flow shown in FIG. 7 specifically includes:

[0064] 401, acquiring voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within the collection time.

[0065] The acquisition of the voltage values can be a periodic action. For example, the acquisition of the voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within the collection time can be started every interval of a set period.

[0066] 402, when it is determined based on the acquired voltage values that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes, calculating the average power of each time period according to the electrical energy increment of the capacitor in the time period.

[0067] ​The starting time of any time period is a time point corresponding to any time period in the plurality of time points in the collection time, and the ending time of any time period is the ending time of the collection time. For example, the collection time is 1-10 seconds, and the voltage value of the capacitor is collected every second, so the plurality of time periods can be: time period A (1-10s), time period B (2-10s), time period C (3-10s), and so on.

[0068] For example, after obtaining the voltage value of the capacitor at each time point in the collection time, the energy increment of the capacitor corresponding to each time period can be calculated according to the voltage value, and the average power of each time period can be calculated according to the energy increment of each time period.

[0069] 403, obtaining a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power in the plurality of average powers, and calculating the switching power of the switch according to the starting time and the ending time of the target time period.

[0070] For example, the maximum average power can be determined from the calculated average power of each time period, and the target time period corresponding to the maximum average power can be determined, in which the power of the capacitor is maximum, that is, the target time period is the time period with optimal energy output. Thus, the switching frequency of the switch can be calculated according to the target time period, and optionally, the difference between the starting time and the ending time of the target time period can be taken as the switching frequency of the switch, so as to control the switch to switch the charging mode and the discharging mode of the capacitor.

[0071] Based on the above scheme, the present application determines whether the mechanical energy input from the outside changes by the voltage change of the capacitor in the friction nanogenerator, and calculates the average power of the capacitor in a plurality of time periods with different lengths when the mechanical energy changes, and determines the time period corresponding to the maximum average power as the time period with optimal energy output of the friction nanogenerator, so as to calculate the switching frequency of the switch according to the time period, and control the switch to switch the charging mode and the discharging mode of the capacitor, thereby realizing efficient energy output.

[0072] In some embodiments, after performing the above step 401 of obtaining the voltage value of each time point in the collection time, the voltage value corresponding to any time point can be determined, and the standard voltage value of the any time point configured in advance can be obtained. When the actual voltage value and the standard voltage value are compared, if they are different, it can be determined that the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes. For example, when configuring the standard voltage value, it can be configured in the form of a table or in the form of a curve. For example, in the form of a curve, please refer to Figure 5The voltage-time curves shown, wherein each curve is used to describe the capacitor voltage changes over time at a mechanical energy frequency. In one possible implementation, based on Figure 5 The voltage-time curve shown to determine whether the frequency of mechanical energy changes, the voltage value at a certain time point and the next time point of the time point can be obtained, and the voltage value corresponding to the time point can be determined to belong to the voltage-time curve (the defined curve is curve A). Further, it can be determined whether the voltage value of the next time point of the time point conforms to curve A. If it conforms, it means that the frequency of mechanical energy has not changed, and if it does not conform, it means that the frequency of mechanical energy has changed. Another possible implementation is based on Figure 6 The table determines whether the frequency of mechanical energy changes, and the voltage value at a certain time point and the next time point of the time point can be obtained. According to the voltage value corresponding to the time point, the frequency of the mechanical energy input at the time point can be determined. Further, the frequency of the mechanical energy input at the next time point can be determined according to the voltage value corresponding to the next time point of the time point, so as to determine whether the frequencies of the mechanical energy determined twice are the same. If they are the same, it means that the frequency of mechanical energy has not changed, and if they are not the same, it means that the frequency of mechanical energy has changed.

[0073] It should be noted that, Figure 5 And Figure 6 As an example, the correspondence between the preconfigured time point and the standard voltage value can also be configured in other forms, which is not limited in the present application.

[0074] In one possible implementation, when it is determined that the frequency of the mechanical energy input into the friction nanogenerator changes according to the voltage values of multiple time points, the collection time can be divided into multiple time periods of different lengths, and the electric energy increment of the capacitor in each time period can be calculated, and the average power of each time period can be calculated. As an optional way, when calculating the electric energy increment of the capacitor in any time period, the first voltage value corresponding to the starting time of the time period and the second voltage value corresponding to the ending time of the time period can be obtained, and the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the capacitance value of the capacitor are used to calculate the electric energy increment in the time period. As an example, the electric energy increment of any time period can be calculated by using the following formula (1):

[0075] E = 0.5CU2 2 -0.5CU1 2 ; Formula (1)

[0076] Wherein, E is the electric energy increment of the capacitor in any time period, C is the capacitance value of the capacitor, U1 is the first voltage value of the capacitor at the starting time of any time period, and U1 is the second voltage value of the capacitor at the ending time of any time period.

[0077] Further, the average power of any time period can be calculated by formula (2):

[0078]

[0079] wherein P is the average power of the capacitor in any time period, E is the energy increment of the capacitor in any time period, AT = T2-T1 is the time length of any time period, T2 is the ending time of any time period, and T1 is the starting time of any time period. Alternatively, after determining the average power of the capacitor in each time period, a power-voltage curve and a power-time curve can be established. Thus, the maximum average power and the corresponding time period can be determined more quickly.

[0080] After calculating the average power of each time period, the maximum average power can be determined therefrom, and the target time period corresponding to the maximum average power can be determined. The switching frequency of the switch can be determined according to the starting time and the ending time of the target time period. As an alternative, in order to improve the average power of the capacitor, the present application proposes that the energy of the capacitor can be controlled not to drop to zero when the capacitor is in the discharging mode (i.e. Figure 2 As shown in the frictional nanogenerator, the switch points to b), the energy of the capacitor can be controlled not to drop to zero by the switch. Thus, in determining the switching frequency of the switch, in one alternative, the maximum average power of the capacitor can be used for the determination according to the above-mentioned embodiments. In another alternative, the switching frequency of the switch can be determined according to the maximum average power and the mechanism of controlling the energy of the capacitor not to drop to zero in the discharging mode, so as to further improve the average power of the capacitor and the energy output efficiency.

[0081] Further, after adjusting the switching frequency of the switch to improve the energy output efficiency, it can be verified whether the adjustment is successful. For example, after adjusting the switching frequency of the switch, the voltage value of any time period can be collected to calculate the actual average power of the time period. Whether the adjustment is successful can be determined according to the comparison result between the actual average power and the maximum average power calculated in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0082] In one case, if the difference between the calculated actual average power and the maximum average power is greater than a preset value, it means that the adjustment fails, and the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch is restarted. In another case, if the difference between the calculated actual average power and the maximum average power is not greater than the preset value, it means that the adjustment is successful, and the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch can be started at the next collection time interval.

[0083] Exemplarily, the schemes introduced in the above-mentioned embodiments can be executed by the control unit or by a specific processing module in the control unit. For example, referring to Figure 7Another system architecture diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 7 The system shown includes a friction nanogenerator, a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a power selection module, and a power tracking module.

[0084] The data acquisition module is configured to obtain voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within the acquisition time. The data analysis module is configured to determine whether the frequency of the input mechanical energy changes according to the obtained voltage values, and to calculate the electrical energy increment of the capacitor at multiple time periods and the average power at each time period when it is determined that the frequency of the input mechanical energy changes. The power selection module is configured to determine a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power according to the average power calculated by the data analysis module at multiple time periods, and to calculate the switching frequency of the switch according to the target time period, so as to adjust the switching frequency of the switch. The power tracking module is configured to determine whether the adjustment is successful according to the actual average power after the power selection module adjusts the switching frequency of the switch.

[0085] In order to further understand the scheme of the present application, the following will be described in combination with Figure 7 The system shown specifically introduces the power generation control method of the friction nanogenerator proposed in the present application. Referring to Figure 8 The power generation control method of the friction nanogenerator provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the flowchart, which specifically includes:

[0086] 801. The data acquisition module obtains voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within the acquisition time.

[0087] The capacitor is a capacitor included in the friction nanogenerator.

[0088] 802. The data analysis module determines that the frequency of the input mechanical energy of the friction nanogenerator changes according to the voltage values obtained by the data acquisition module.

[0089] 803. The data analysis module calculates the electrical energy increment and the average power at each time period in multiple time periods according to the obtained voltage values.

[0090] The process of dividing multiple time periods and calculating the electrical energy increment and the average power will be specifically described in the related description of the above embodiment, and will not be described here.

[0091] 804. The power selection module determines a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power according to the multiple average powers calculated by the data analysis module, and adjusts the switching frequency of the switch according to the target time period.

[0092] 805. The power tracking module calculates the actual average power at any time period after the power selection module adjusts the switching frequency of the switch.

[0093] 806, the power tracking module determines whether the difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power is greater than a preset value.

[0094] If yes, return to step 801.

[0095] If no, end the flow.

[0096] In some embodiments, the application also proposes that the adjustment process introduced in the above embodiments can be presented through a display interface, so that the adjustment process is visualized. As an example, see Figure 9 , a schematic diagram of a display interface of an energy management system. The left side of the interface is the collected voltage value and the drawn voltage-time curve, and the right side of the interface is the parameter required for adjusting the switching frequency of the switch and the collected real-time parameter after adjustment, wherein the energy output efficiency in the interface is used to describe the proportion of the actual average power after adjustment to the maximum average power.

[0097] Based on the same concept as the above method, see Figure 10 , a power generation control device 1000 of a frictional generator provided by an embodiment of the application, the device 1000 is used to implement each step in the above method, and details are not repeated here to avoid repetition. The device 1000 comprises an acquisition unit 1001 and a processing unit 1002.

[0098] The acquisition unit 1001 is configured to acquire voltage values of the capacitor at a plurality of time points within a collection time;

[0099] The processing unit 1002 is configured to, when determining that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes based on the acquired voltage values, calculate average power of each time period among the plurality of time periods according to an electrical energy increment of the capacitor in the each time period; wherein a starting time of any time period is a time point corresponding to the any time period among the plurality of time points, and an ending time of the any time period is an ending time of the collection time.

[0100] The processing unit 1002 is further configured to determine a target time period corresponding to a maximum average power among the plurality of average powers, and calculate the switching frequency of the switch according to a starting time and an ending time of the target time period.

[0101] In some embodiments, the processing unit 1002 is further configured to:

[0102] acquire, by the acquisition unit 1001, a standard voltage value of any time point among the plurality of time points stored in advance;

[0103] when the acquired voltage value at the any time point is different from the standard voltage value, determine that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes.

[0104] In some embodiments, the acquisition unit 1001 is further configured to acquire a first voltage value and a second voltage value of the capacitor; the first voltage value is a voltage value of the capacitor at a starting moment of the any time period, and the second voltage value is a voltage value of the capacitor at an ending moment of the any time period.

[0105] The processing unit 1002 is further configured to calculate an energy increment of the capacitor in the any time period according to the first voltage value, the second voltage value, and a capacitance value of the capacitor.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the capacitor is in the discharging mode, the processing unit 1002 is further configured to:

[0107] control the energy of the capacitor to be non-zero through the switch.

[0108] In some embodiments, the processing unit 1002 is further configured to:

[0109] calculate an actual average power in any time period after the collection time according to a voltage value of the capacitor in the any time period after the collection time;

[0110] calculate a difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power;

[0111] when the difference is greater than a preset value, restart the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch.

[0112] Figure 11 A structure schematic diagram of an electronic device 1100 provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The electronic device 1100 in the embodiment of the present application can also include a communication interface 1103, for example, a network interface, and the electronic device can transmit data through the communication interface 1103.

[0113] In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 1102 stores instructions executable by the at least one controller 1101, and the at least one controller 1101 can be configured to perform each step in the above method by executing the instructions stored in the memory 1102, for example, the controller 1101 can implement the functions of the acquisition unit 1001 and the processing unit 1002 in the above method. Figure 10

[0114] ​The controller 1101 is the control center of the electronic device, and can connect each part of the entire electronic device by using various interfaces and lines, and execute instructions stored in the memory 1102 and call data stored in the memory 1102. Optionally, the controller 1101 can include one or more processing units, and the controller 1101 can integrate an application controller and a modem controller, wherein the application controller mainly processes operating systems and application programs, and the modem controller mainly processes wireless communication. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem controller can also not be integrated into the controller 1101. In some embodiments, the controller 1101 and the memory 1102 can be implemented on the same chip, and in some embodiments, they can also be implemented on separate chips respectively.

[0115] The controller 1101 can be a general-purpose controller, for example, a central controller (English: Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), a digital signal controller, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and can implement or execute the methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose controller can be a microcontroller or any conventional controller. The steps performed by the data statistical platform disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly executed by the hardware controller, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the controller.

[0116] The memory 1102, as a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules. The memory 1102 can include at least one type of storage medium, for example, can include flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card type memory, random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, for short: RAM), static random access memory (English: Static Random Access Memory, for short: SRAM), programmable read-only memory (English: Programmable Read Only Memory, for short: PROM), read-only memory (English: Read Only Memory, for short: ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (English: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, for short: EEPROM), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. The memory 1102 is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory 1102 in the embodiments of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing the storage function, used for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0117] By designing and programming the controller 1101, for example, the code corresponding to the method introduced in the foregoing embodiments can be fixed in the chip, so that the chip can execute the steps of the foregoing method when running. How to design and program the controller 1101 is a technology known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described here.

[0118] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.

[0119] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0120] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0121] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flow or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0122] While the preferred embodiments of the application have been described, additional variations and modifications can be employed by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the claimed application is intended to cover all such additional variations and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the application.

[0123] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A method for power generation control of a friction nanogenerator, characterized by, The friction nanogenerator comprises a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module and a switch; the switch is used for controlling the capacitor to switch between a charging mode and a discharging mode; the charging mode is that the capacitor is charged according to the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module; the discharging mode is that the capacitor discharges to the energy storage module; the method comprises: obtaining voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within a collection time; when it is determined based on the obtained voltage values that the voltage value obtained at any time point is different from a preconfigured standard voltage value, the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes, the average power of each time period is calculated according to the electrical energy increment of the capacitor in each time period; the starting time of any time period is the time point corresponding to the any time period in the multiple time points, and the ending time of the any time period is the ending time of the collection time; determining a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power in the multiple average powers, and calculating the switching frequency of the switch according to the starting time and the ending time of the target time period.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: obtaining a standard voltage value of any time point in the multiple time points pre-stored; when the voltage value obtained at the any time point is different from the standard voltage value, it is determined that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further comprises: obtaining a first voltage value and a second voltage value of the capacitor; the first voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the starting time of the any time period, and the second voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the ending time of the any time period; calculating the electrical energy increment of the capacitor in the any time period according to the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the capacitance value of the capacitor.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When the capacitor is in the discharging mode, the method further comprises: controlling the electrical energy of the capacitor to be non-zero through the switch.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: calculating an actual average power of any time period after the collection time according to the voltage value of the capacitor in the any time period after the collection time; calculating the difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power; when the difference is greater than a preset value, restarting the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch.

6. A power generation control device of a friction nanogenerator, characterized by, The friction nanogenerator comprises a mechanical energy input module, a capacitor, an energy storage module and a switch; the switch is used for controlling the capacitor to switch between a charging mode and a discharging mode; the charging mode is that the capacitor is charged according to the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module; the discharging mode is that the capacitor discharges to the energy storage module; The device comprises: an obtaining unit, configured to obtain voltage values of the capacitor at multiple time points within a collection time; The processing unit is configured to calculate average power of each time period according to the electric energy increment of the capacitor in the time period when the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes when the voltage value obtained at any time point is determined to be different from the pre-configured standard voltage value; wherein the start time of any time period is the time point corresponding to the any time period in the plurality of time points, and the end time of the any time period is the end time of the collection time. The processing unit is further configured to determine a target time period corresponding to the maximum average power in the plurality of average powers, and calculate the switching frequency of the switch according to the start time and the end time of the target time period.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The processing unit is further configured to: acquire, by the acquisition unit, the pre-stored standard voltage value at any time point in the plurality of time points; determine that the frequency of the mechanical energy input by the mechanical energy input module changes when the voltage value obtained at the any time point is different from the standard voltage value.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The acquisition unit is further configured to acquire a first voltage value and a second voltage value of the capacitor; the first voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the start time of the any time period, and the second voltage value is the voltage value of the capacitor at the end time of the any time period. The processing unit is further configured to calculate the electric energy increment of the capacitor in the any time period according to the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the capacitance value of the capacitor.

9. The device of any of claims 6-8, wherein, When the capacitor is in the discharging mode, the processing unit is further configured to: control, by the switch, the electric energy of the capacitor to be non-zero.

10. The device of any one of claims 6-9, wherein, The processing unit is further configured to: calculate actual average power of any time period after the collection time according to the voltage value of the capacitor in the any time period after the collection time; calculate the difference between the actual average power and the maximum average power; when the difference is greater than a preset value, restart the operation of calculating the switching frequency of the switch.

11. An electronic device, comprising: The computer executable instructions are used to execute the method of any one of claims 1-5. The computer executable instructions are used to execute the method of any one of claims 1-5. ​ ​ 12. A computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform acts comprising: ​

Images