A preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, its preparation method and application method

Abstract

The present application discloses a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, its preparation method and application method, belonging to the field of tomato cultivation. A preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, by weight percentage, includes: sodium naphthylacetate 0.1-0.3%, polyaspartic acid 1-5%, brassinolide 0.2-0.5%, absolute ethanol 15-20%, emulsifier 5-10%, and the balance is water. The preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, its preparation method and application method enable the cultivated tomato seedlings to have excellent low-temperature and weak-light tolerance, increase crop yield, and improve crop quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, its preparation method and application method, and belongs to the field of tomato cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Tomato is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Solanum in the Solanaceae family. It has unique color and beautiful shape, and has the characteristics of wide adaptability, high yield, and diverse cultivation methods. It has developed into one of the most consumed vegetable varieties globally in the past hundred years. Tomato fruits are brightly colored, rich in juice, and contain nutrients such as vitamins and lycopene. It has the functions of promoting digestion, generating saliva and quenching thirst, and tonifying the kidney and diuretic. It has a certain inhibitory effect on fungi and bacteria, and has anti-cancer and antioxidant effects, which is closely related to human health and is a popular vegetable among the public.

[0003] Tomato is a vegetable with relatively high requirements for light and temperature. It likes warmth and light, is not tolerant to low temperature, and is sensitive to cold. The environment is the condition for the survival and development of plants. The greenhouse environment has factors that are not conducive to plant growth, such as large temperature difference, high humidity, sub-low temperature stress, and soil salinization. The subtle changes in various environmental factors will have a great impact on the growth of tomatoes. At low temperature, the growth rates of tomato plant height, leaf length, and leaf width slow down, the photosynthetic rate decreases, and the dry matter accumulation decreases. Low temperature delays the flowering and maturity periods of tomatoes, reduces the fruit setting rate, and increases the ratio of deformed fruits; insufficient light will inhibit the root activity of tomatoes, hinder the effective absorption of mineral elements by the roots, cause poor growth of the above-ground part of the plant, serious flower and fruit drop, and ultimately lead to a decrease in tomato yield and quality. In fact, during the growth process of tomatoes, especially during the greenhouse cultivation process, low temperature and weak light conditions often occur together; therefore, it is very important to select efficient agents and appropriate methods to improve the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, its preparation method and application method are provided, so that the cultivated tomato seedlings have excellent low-temperature and weak-light tolerance, increase crop yield, and improve crop quality.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes is provided. By weight percentage, it includes: sodium naphthylacetate 0.1 - 0.3%, polyaspartic acid 1 - 5%, brassinolide 0.2 - 0.5%, absolute ethanol 15 - 20%, emulsifier 5 - 10%, and the balance is water.

[0007] Optionally, the weight ratio of the sodium naphthylacetate, the polyaspartic acid, and the brassinolide is 1:(10 - 12):(2 - 3).

[0008] Optionally, the emulsifier is one or more of Tween-80, emulsifier NP-10, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0009] Optionally, the emulsifier is a combination of Tween-80, emulsifier NP-10, and polyvinyl alcohol, and the weight ratio of Tween-80, emulsifier NP-10, and polyvinyl alcohol is (0.7 - 1):(0.8 - 1.2):1.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for preparing a preparation for improving the low-temperature and low-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Disperse brassinolide into absolute ethanol, then sequentially add sodium naphthylacetate and polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add an emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and low-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0012] According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is provided an application method for a preparation for improving the low-temperature and low-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding. The breeding temperature is 25 - 28°C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them after 7 days of transplantation.

[0014] (2) From transplantation to the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant, place the plant in a light incubator for light treatment of different intensities, adjust the treatment temperature at the same time, and spray the preparation until the crop leaf surface is thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days.

[0015] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, topdress fertilizer, and then wait for fruit harvesting.

[0016] Optionally, the fertilizer comprises urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(1.3 - 1.5);

[0017] The nitrogen content in the urea is 45 - 48 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in the superphosphate is 14 - 17 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in the potassium sulfate is 47 - 52 wt%.

[0018] Optionally, in step (2), the light intensity is 100 - 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0019] Optionally, in step (2), the treatment temperature is 8 - 11°C.

[0020] Optionally, in step (2), it further includes a step of diluting the preparation before spraying, and the dilution multiple of the preparation is 2000 - 6000 times.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application include but are not limited to:

[0022] 1. In the preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes in this application, sodium naphthylacetate is hydrolyzed into naphthylacetate ions, which enter the plant body, promote plant growth, improve photosynthesis and the content of endogenous hormones, and at the same time increase the antioxidant enzyme activity of plants in adversity, having an obvious regulatory effect on the growth and development of plants.

[0023] 2. In the preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes in this application, polyaspartic acid contains amide groups and carboxylic acid side chains like protein structures, which can not only be completely degraded but also have chelating and dispersing functions, activate the fixed nutrient elements in the soil, reduce nutrient loss; moreover, it can improve the soil structure, increase the cation exchange capacity of the soil, increase the effective content of mineral elements in the soil, and promote the absorption of plants.

[0024] 3. In the preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes in this application, brassinolide can be absorbed by plants to promote plant cell division, extend and regulate the physiological functions of the organism, enhance metabolism, promote crop growth, increase yield, improve quality, promote root development, enhance photosynthesis, and improve the drought - resistance, cold - tolerance and disease - resistance of crops.

[0025] 4. In the preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes in this application, the addition of an emulsifier makes the preparation uniform and stable, improves the wetting effect on leaves and the diffusion performance on leaves; the synergistic effect of each raw material improves the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes, enhances the absorption of water, fertilizer and the accumulation of dry matter by plants, improves the crop quality, and is safe and efficient.

[0026] 5. The preparation method and application method of the preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes in this application are simple. By changing conditions such as the addition sequence of each raw material, fertilizer ratio, light intensity, treatment temperature, dilution multiple of the preparation, etc., it can reduce adversity stress, increase crop yield and improve quality, having good application prospects and market value. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In the ranges disclosed herein, the endpoints and any values are not limited to the exact ranges or values. These ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, between the endpoint values of each range, between the endpoint values of each range and individual point values, and between individual point values, they can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, and these numerical ranges should be regarded as specifically disclosed herein.

[0028] For those not specifying specific conditions in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For raw materials or instruments without indicating the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0029] The tomato variety planted below is Baoli. Except for the technical solutions involved in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7, any other processing conditions not mentioned are routine operations.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] An application method of a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0032] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding at a breeding temperature of 26°C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them after 7 days of transplantation.

[0033] (2) From the time of planting until the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant blooms, place the plant in a light incubator and carry out light treatment at 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At the same time, adjust the treatment temperature to 10°C and spray the preparation diluted 4000 times until the crop leaf surface is thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days.

[0034] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, top-dress with fertilizer, and then wait for the fruit to be harvested.

[0035] The above fertilizer is urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1.4; among them, the nitrogen content in urea is 46 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in superphosphate is 15 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in potassium sulfate is 50 wt%.

[0036] The preparation method of the above preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Disperse 0.2% brassinolide into 18% absolute ethanol, then sequentially add 0.2% sodium naphthylacetate and 2% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 7% emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0038] The above emulsifier is Tween-80, emulsifier NP-10, and polyvinyl alcohol with a weight ratio of 0.8:1:1.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Application method of a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding at a breeding temperature of 25 °C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them after 7 days of transplantation;

[0042] (2) From the time of planting to the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant, place the plant in a light incubator and carry out light treatment at 100 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 At the same time, adjust the treatment temperature to 8 °C and spray the preparation diluted 2000 times until the crop leaf surface is thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days;

[0043] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, topdress fertilizer, and then wait for the fruit to be harvested;

[0044] The above fertilizer is urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:0.4:1.5; among them, the nitrogen content in urea is 45 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in superphosphate is 17 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in potassium sulfate is 47 wt%;

[0045] Preparation method of the above preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Disperse 0.2% brassinolide into 15% absolute ethanol, then sequentially add 0.1% sodium naphthylacetate and 1% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 5% emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes;

[0047] The above emulsifier is Tween-80, emulsifier NP-10 and polyvinyl alcohol with a weight ratio of 1:0.8:1.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Application method of a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0050] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding at a breeding temperature of 28 °C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them after 7 days of transplantation;

[0051] (2) From the time of planting to the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant, place the plant in a light incubator and carry out light treatment at 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1Perform light treatment while adjusting the treatment temperature to 11°C and spraying a preparation diluted 6,000 times until the crop leaf surface is thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days;

[0052] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. When the first flower of the first inflorescence opens and the first fruit of the first inflorescence grows to a diameter of more than 3 cm, top-dress with fertilizer, and then wait for fruit harvesting;

[0053] The above fertilizer is urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:0.6:1.3; among them, the nitrogen content in urea is 48 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in superphosphate is 14 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in potassium sulfate is 52 wt%;

[0054] The preparation method of the above preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0055] Disperse 0.3% brassinolide into 20% absolute ethanol, then sequentially add 0.15% sodium naphthylacetate and 1.8% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 10% Tween-80 and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that the preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0058] Disperse 0.2% sodium naphthylacetate and 2% polyaspartic acid into 18% absolute ethanol, then add 7% emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0059] Comparative Example 2

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that the preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0061] Disperse 0.2% brassinolide into 18% absolute ethanol, then add 0.2% sodium naphthylacetate. After complete dissolution, add 7% emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0064] Disperse 0.2% brassinolide into 18% absolute ethanol, then successively add 2% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 7% emulsifier and mix evenly. Subsequently, add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] The difference from Example 1 lies in: The preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0067] Disperse 0.2% gibberellin into 18% absolute ethanol, then successively add 0.2% sodium naphthylacetate and 2% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 7% emulsifier and mix evenly. Subsequently, add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0068] Comparative Example 5

[0069] The difference from Example 1 lies in: The preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0070] Disperse 0.1% brassinolide into 10% absolute ethanol, then successively add 0.05% sodium naphthylacetate and 0.5% polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add 2% emulsifier and mix evenly. Subsequently, add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes.

[0071] Comparative Example 6

[0072] An application method of a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding at a breeding temperature of 26°C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them 7 days after transplantation;

[0074] (2) From transplantation to the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant, place the plant in a light incubator and carry out light treatment at 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Adjust the treatment temperature to 10°C at the same time, and spray ethephon with a dilution factor of 4000 times until the crop leaf surface is thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days;

[0075] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, topdress fertilizer, and then wait for fruit harvest;

[0076] The above fertilizer is urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1.4; among them, the nitrogen content in urea is 46 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in superphosphate is 15 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in potassium sulfate is 50 wt%.

[0077] Comparative Example 7

[0078] An application method of a preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0079] (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for suspension breeding at a breeding temperature of 26 °C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them after 7 days of transplantation;

[0080] (2) From the time of transplantation to the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant, place the plant in a light incubator and carry out light treatment at 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 while adjusting the treatment temperature to 10 °C and treating for 7 days;

[0081] (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, topdress fertilizer, and then wait for fruit harvesting;

[0082] The above fertilizer is urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1.4; among them, the nitrogen content in urea is 46 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in superphosphate is 15 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in potassium sulfate is 50 wt%.

[0083] Measure the plant traits and fruit traits of the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Table 2

[0088] Fruit transverse diameter / cm Fruit longitudinal diameter / cm Single fruit weight / g Example 1 7.6 5.4 167.2 Example 2 7.4 5.6 167.0 Example 3 7.5 5.5 167.4 Comparative Example 1 6.1 4.4 150.6 Comparative Example 2 6.3 4.5 152.5 Comparative Example 3 6.2 4.6 152.8 Comparative Example 4 5.8 4.2 127.4 Comparative Example 5 6.5 4.6 154.1 Comparative Example 6 5.5 4.3 125.7 Comparative Example 7 4.6 3.7 86.4

[0089] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the preparation of the present application can improve the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll in plants, increase the growth rate of plants, ensure the yield of tomato fruits, and improve the quality of tomato fruits.

[0090] As described above, these are only the embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited by these specific embodiments, but is determined by the claims of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical idea and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it includes: sodium naphthylacetate 0.1 - 0.3%, polyaspartic acid 1 - 5%, brassinolide 0.2 - 0.5%, absolute ethanol 15 - 20%, emulsifier 5 - 10%, and the balance is water.

2. The preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the sodium naphthylacetate, the polyaspartic acid and the brassinolide is 1:(10 - 12):(2 - 3).

3. The preparation for improving the low temperature and weak light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsifier is one or more of Tween - 80, emulsifier NP - 10 and polyvinyl alcohol.

4. The preparation for improving the low temperature and weak light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The emulsifier is a combination of Tween - 80, emulsifier NP - 10 and polyvinyl alcohol, and the weight ratio of the Tween - 80, the emulsifier NP - 10 and the polyvinyl alcohol is (0.7 - 1):(0.8 - 1.2):

1.

5. The preparation method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Disperse the brassinolide into absolute ethanol, then sequentially add sodium naphthylacetate and polyaspartic acid. After complete dissolution, add the emulsifier and mix evenly, and then add water to make up to 100% to obtain a preparation for improving the low - temperature and weak - light tolerance of tomatoes.

6. A method for applying the preparation for improving the low temperature and weak light tolerance of tomatoes according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Sow tomato seeds in a seedling tray for floating breeding. The breeding temperature is 25 - 28°C. When the seedlings grow to four leaves and one heart, transplant them, apply fertilizer, and plant them in the field 7 days after transplantation. (2) From transplantation until the first flower of the first inflorescence of the plant blooms, place the plant in a light incubator for light treatment with different intensities. At the same time, adjust the treatment temperature, and spray the preparation until the crop leaves are thoroughly wet, and treat for 7 days. (3) Transfer to normal cultivation. From the opening of the first flower of the first inflorescence to the first fruit of the first inflorescence growing to a diameter of more than 3 cm, top - dress the fertilizer, and then wait for the fruit to be harvested.

7. The application method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fertilizer includes urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate with a weight ratio of 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(1.3 - 1.5). The nitrogen content in the urea is 45 - 48 wt%, the phosphorus pentoxide content in the superphosphate is 14 - 17 wt%, and the potassium oxide content in the potassium sulfate is 47 - 52 wt%.

8. The application method of the preparation for improving the low temperature and weak light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (2), the light intensity is 100 - 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

9. The application method of the preparation for improving the low-temperature and weak-light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (2), the treatment temperature is 8 - 11°C.

10. The application method of the preparation for improving the low temperature and weak light tolerance of tomatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (2), it also includes the step of diluting the preparation before spraying. The dilution multiple of the preparation is 2000 - 6000 times.

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