Machining fixture and machining apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a machining fixing device and a machining equipment. The machining fixing device comprises a bearing plate and a first bottom plate. The bearing plate is used for bearing a workpiece, and a blanking hole is formed in the bearing plate. The first bottom plate is arranged below the bearing plate, a blanking cavity is formed between the bearing plate and the first bottom plate, a suction hole is formed in the first bottom plate, one end of the suction hole is communicated with the blanking cavity, the other end of the suction hole is used for being communicated with an air exhaust device, and the air exhaust device is used for driving waste in the blanking cavity to be discharged along the suction hole. The machining fixing device and the machining equipment provided by the application are provided with the bearing plate and the first bottom plate, a blanking cavity for being communicated with the air exhaust device is formed between the bearing plate and the first bottom plate, the air exhaust device can exhaust air in the blanking cavity to form negative pressure in the blanking cavity, and waste, smoke dust and other pollutants generated in the workpiece machining process can be sucked into the blanking cavity along the blanking hole, so that the pollutants can not pollute the appearance of the workpiece, and the machining quality and machining accuracy of the machining equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a processing fixture and processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the domestic and international electronics and electronics manufacturing industries have been trending towards miniaturization, with the PCB boards used becoming smaller and smaller, and the requirements for processing precision becoming higher and higher.

[0003] In existing technologies, PCB boards are often cut by removing material. During the process, debris, dust, and waste are inevitably generated. These materials adhere to the PCB board in large quantities, which not only affects the processing quality but also the appearance of the PCB board, and consequently affects the positioning accuracy of the processing equipment and the accuracy of the cutting process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a processing fixing device and processing equipment to solve the problems of poor PCB board processing quality and low processing accuracy in the prior art.

[0005] This application provides a processing fixing device, including a support plate and a first base plate. The support plate is used to support a workpiece and has a discharge hole. The first base plate is fitted below the support plate, and a discharge cavity is formed between the support plate and the first base plate. A suction hole is formed on the first base plate. One end of the suction hole communicates with the discharge cavity, and the other end of the suction hole communicates with an air extraction device. The air extraction device is used to drive the waste material in the discharge cavity to be discharged along the suction hole and to extract the air in the discharge cavity to generate a negative pressure in the discharge cavity.

[0006] In one possible design, the first base plate is provided with a plurality of material discharge cavities and a plurality of suction holes, each material discharge cavity being connected to at least one suction hole, and the processing fixing device includes a plurality of bearing plates, which are spliced ​​together and correspondingly cover the plurality of material discharge cavities.

[0007] In one possible design, the processing fixture further includes a venting switch assembly, which is connected to each of the suction holes and is used to independently control the opening and closing of each of the suction holes.

[0008] In one possible design, the suction hole is located below the post-processing portion of the workpiece.

[0009] In one possible design, the processing fixing device further includes a second base plate, which is disposed on the side of the first base plate opposite to the bearing plate. The second base plate is provided with an air extraction channel, which communicates with the suction hole.

[0010] In one possible design, the workpiece has a part to be separated, the blanking hole on the support plate is provided corresponding to the part to be separated, and the projection range of the blanking hole on the workpiece is larger than the part to be separated.

[0011] In one possible design, the workpiece is provided with at least two first positioning holes, and the first base plate is provided with a first positioning pin corresponding to the first positioning hole, the first positioning pin being used to abut against the inner wall of the first positioning hole.

[0012] In one possible design, the processing fixing device further includes at least two support and positioning components disposed in the material unloading cavity. Each support and positioning component includes a support part and a positioning mating part. A second positioning hole is provided on the bearing plate, and the positioning mating part passes through the second positioning hole. The support part abuts against the side of the bearing plate near the first base plate.

[0013] In one possible design, the processing fixing device further includes a side pre-tightening assembly mounted on the first base plate. The side pre-tightening assembly includes a main body, a movable part, and an elastic element. The movable part is movably connected to the main body and has a travel along a direction close to or away from the support plate. The elastic element is connected to the movable part and the main body and is used to drive the movable part to abut against the side of the support plate.

[0014] In one possible design, the processing fixing device further includes an adsorption element mounted on the first base plate, the adsorption element being used to adsorb the support plate to prevent the support plate from detaching from the first base plate.

[0015] In one possible design, the adsorption element is a magnet, and the support plate is provided with a magnetic adsorption part corresponding to the adsorption element.

[0016] In one possible design, the air extraction device includes at least one of a vacuum pump, a fan, or a cylinder piston assembly.

[0017] This application also provides a processing device, which includes a processing apparatus and a processing fixing device as described in any of the above claims, wherein the processing apparatus is used to process a workpiece placed on the processing fixing device.

[0018] In one possible design, the processing device is a laser cutting device.

[0019] The processing fixture and processing equipment provided in this application have at least the following advantages:

[0020] The processing fixing device and processing equipment provided in this application are provided with a bearing plate and a first base plate, and a material discharge chamber is formed between the two for communication with the air extraction device. The air extraction device can remove the air in the material discharge chamber to create a negative pressure in the material discharge chamber, so as to achieve adsorption and positioning of the workpiece, and at the same time, allow the waste, smoke, impurities and other pollutants generated during the workpiece processing to be naturally sucked into the material discharge chamber along the material discharge hole, thereby avoiding pollutants from contaminating the appearance of the workpiece and improving the processing quality and processing accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the embodiments of this application. The objects and other advantages of the embodiments of this application are realized and obtained in accordance with the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 Exploded view of the processing and fixing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the processing and fixing device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support and positioning component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side pretensioning assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100. Processing and fixing devices;

[0029] 1. Support plate;

[0030] 11. Workpiece;

[0031] 12. Material discharge hole;

[0032] 13. Second positioning hole;

[0033] 2. First base plate;

[0034] 21. Material discharge chamber;

[0035] 22. Suction hole;

[0036] 3. Second base plate;

[0037] 31. Exhaust channel;

[0038] 4. Support positioning components;

[0039] 41. Support section;

[0040] 42. Positioning and mating parts;

[0041] 5. Side preload assembly;

[0042] 51. Main body;

[0043] 52. Activities Department;

[0044] 53. Elastic components.

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0051] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in this context, it should be understood that when referring to an element being connected "up" or "down" to another element, it can be directly connected not only to the other element but also indirectly connected to the other element through an intermediate element.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In recent years, the electronics and electronics manufacturing industries have trended towards miniaturization, resulting in increasingly smaller PCB boards used in electronic products. Companies typically combine multiple PCB boards into a single large board. Therefore, PCB board segmentation has become a critical process in production. In addition, the cutouts on the PCB board also need to be removed. During PCB board processing, debris, dust, and waste are inevitably generated. These materials adhere extensively to the PCB board, affecting not only processing quality but also the PCB board's appearance, consequently impacting the positioning accuracy and cutting accuracy of the processing equipment. The following describes a specific embodiment of the processing fixing device provided in this application.

[0056] This application provides a processing fixing device 100, including a support plate 1 and a first base plate 2. The support plate 1 is used to support a workpiece 11, and a discharge hole 12 is provided on the support plate 1. The first base plate 2 is attached to the bottom of the support plate 1, and a discharge cavity 21 is formed between the support plate 1 and the first base plate 2. A suction hole 22 is provided on the first base plate 2. One end of the suction hole 22 is connected to the discharge cavity 21, and the other end of the suction hole 22 is connected to an air extraction device. The air extraction device is used to drive the waste material in the discharge cavity to be discharged along the suction hole and to extract the air in the discharge cavity to generate a negative pressure in the discharge cavity. Thus, the processing fixing device 100 not only has the function of adsorption and fixing, but can also adsorb dust and debris generated during the process.

[0057] Please see Figure 1 The support plate 1 can be set as a flat plate structure. The support plate 1 is provided with a material discharge hole 12. The shape, size and distribution of the material discharge hole 12 can be set according to the processing of the workpiece 11. For example, when the workpiece 11 needs to be cut to remove circular waste, the support plate 1 can be provided with a circular hole slightly larger than the circular waste, and the position of the workpiece 11 relative to the support plate 1 can be adjusted so that the waste on the workpiece 11 is located directly above the circular hole. In this way, after the waste on the workpiece 11 is cut off, the waste and the impurities generated during the processing can pass through the material discharge hole 12 and enter the material discharge chamber 21.

[0058] The first base plate 2 is attached to the bottom of the support plate 1. The first base plate 2 and the support plate 1 can be connected by a common detachable connection structure. A material discharge cavity 21 is formed between the support plate 1 and the first base plate 2. The material discharge cavity 21 can be formed in a variety of ways. For example, a recessed groove can be opened on the side of the support plate 1 near the first base plate 2, and then the support plate 1 and the first base plate 2 can be joined together to form the material discharge cavity 21; a recessed groove can also be opened on the side of the first base plate 2 near the support plate 1, and then the support plate 1 and the first base plate 2 can be joined together to form the material discharge cavity 21; a recessed groove can also be opened on the side of the first base plate 2 near the support plate 1, and a recessed groove can also be opened on the side of the support plate 1 near the first base plate 2, and then the support plate 1 and the first base plate 2 can be joined together to form the material discharge cavity 21. The first base plate 2 is also provided with suction holes 22. The number, size, shape and distribution of suction holes 22 can be flexibly set according to actual needs. The two ends of suction holes 22 are respectively connected to the unloading chamber 21 and the air extraction device. The air extraction device can be any device that can extract the gas in the unloading chamber 21, such as a vacuum pump, a blower or a cylinder piston assembly, to create a negative pressure in the unloading chamber 21. In this way, the air extraction device can not only remove the air in the unloading chamber 21 to create a negative pressure in the unloading chamber 21, but also naturally suck the waste generated during the processing of the workpiece 11, such as dust, impurities and other pollutants, into the unloading chamber 21 along the unloading hole 12. Furthermore, the waste can be discharged along the suction hole 22, thereby avoiding contamination of the appearance of the workpiece 11 by pollutants, improving the processing quality and ensuring the processing accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first base plate 2 is provided with a plurality of material dropping chambers 21 and a plurality of suction holes 22. Each of the material dropping chambers 21 is connected to at least one suction hole 22. The processing fixing device 100 includes a plurality of support plates 1. The plurality of support plates 1 are spliced ​​together and correspondingly covered on the plurality of material dropping chambers 21.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 A plurality of material discharge chambers 21 are provided on the first base plate 2, and the plurality of material discharge chambers 21 can be separated by protruding ribs. Accordingly, the processing fixing device 100 includes a support plate 1 corresponding to the number of material discharge chambers 21, and the plurality of support plates 1 are each covered on each material discharge chamber 21 and spliced ​​together to form a whole. In some embodiments, each of the material discharge chambers 21 is connected to two or more suction holes 22. Compared with the embodiment in which each of the material discharge chambers 21 is connected to one suction hole 22, the scheme in which one material discharge chamber 21 is connected to multiple suction holes 22 has better dust collection effect, lower probability of clogging, and slower and more uniform attenuation of adsorption force.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first base plate 2 is provided with four material discharge chambers 21, and four support plates 1 are respectively covered on the four material discharge chambers 21. Different support plates 1 can be flexibly disassembled and replaced according to actual needs to reduce equipment costs and improve processing efficiency. Suction holes in some material discharge chambers 21 can also be opened selectively according to actual conditions to save energy while achieving high-efficiency processing. In other embodiments, the first base plate 2 can also be divided into any number of material discharge chambers 21, and a matching support plate 1 can be provided on each material discharge chamber 21.

[0062] In one embodiment, the processing fixture 100 further includes a vent switch assembly (not shown in the figure), which is connected to each suction hole 22 and is used to independently control the opening and closing of each suction hole 22.

[0063] The ventilation switch assembly can be a vacuum switch or a valve connected to a relay, and can be installed on the suction hole 22 or in the channel connecting the suction hole 22 to the suction device. Under the control of the control device, the ventilation switch assembly can independently open and close each suction hole 22. Thus, when only a part of the support plate 1 carries the workpiece or only the workpiece on the part of the support plate 1 is being processed, the ventilation switch assembly can be used to open only the suction hole 22 corresponding to that part of the support plate 1, so that a suction force is generated at that part of the support plate 1, thereby saving energy while processing with high efficiency. This solution improves the flexibility of the processing fixture 100, allowing the processing fixture 100 to perform dust suction operation only on the workpiece being processed during the processing, improving the dust suction effect and reducing the suction power requirements of the suction device.

[0064] In one embodiment, the workpiece 11 is provided with a first-processing part and a second-processing part according to the processing sequence, and the suction hole 22 is provided below the second-processing part on the workpiece 11.

[0065] During the processing of workpiece 11, a certain processing sequence is often followed. The adsorption force and negative pressure (which affect the dust extraction and adsorption effect) during the processing will gradually decrease as the hollow area on workpiece 11 increases. Therefore, contaminants at the pre-processed parts of workpiece 11 are more easily sucked into the discharge chamber 21, while contaminants at the post-processed parts of workpiece 11 are more difficult to suck into the discharge chamber 21.

[0066] In this embodiment, the suction hole 22 is positioned below the post-processing section of the workpiece 11, for example, in the last row of the processing path. As the processing path advances, the dust extraction effect at the pre-processing section of the workpiece 11 can be guaranteed by a large negative pressure and adsorption force. When processing reaches the post-processing section of the workpiece 11, although the negative pressure and adsorption force decrease, because the post-processing section of the workpiece 11 is closer to the suction hole 22, processing debris and other contaminants can fall directly without requiring a large negative pressure and adsorption force. This embodiment further improves the overall adsorption effect of the processing process.

[0067] In one embodiment, the processing fixing device 100 further includes a second base plate 3, which is disposed on the side of the first base plate 2 away from the support plate 1. The second base plate 3 is provided with an air extraction channel 31, which is connected to the suction hole 22.

[0068] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second base plate 3 can be connected to the first base plate 2 via a conventional fixing structure. To improve the sealing of the exhaust channel 31, a sealing strip can be installed between them. The exhaust channel 31 can extend parallel to the second base plate 3 and open into the side wall of the second base plate 3. Thus, when connecting the air pipe of the external exhaust device, the air pipe can be connected from the side of the second base plate 3, improving installation convenience. The exhaust channel 31 can be straight as much as possible. Where bends are necessary, a large radius rounded corner can be set at the bends to reduce dust accumulation.

[0069] In one embodiment, the workpiece 11 has a part to be separated, and the dropping hole 12 on the support plate 1 is provided corresponding to the part to be separated, and the projection range of the dropping hole 12 on the workpiece 11 is larger than that of the part to be separated.

[0070] The part to be separated is the part of workpiece 11 to be cut, which can also be called waste. Taking a circular part to be separated as an example, a circular blanking hole 12 slightly larger than the part to be separated can be provided on the support plate 1, and the positional relationship of workpiece 11 relative to the support plate 1 can be adjusted so that the part to be separated on workpiece 11 is directly above the circular blanking hole 12. In this way, after the waste on workpiece 11 is cut off, the waste and impurities generated during processing can pass through the blanking hole 12 and enter the blanking chamber 21.

[0071] In one embodiment, the workpiece 11 is provided with at least two first positioning holes, and the first base plate 2 is provided with a first positioning pin corresponding to the first positioning hole. The first positioning pin is used to abut against the inner wall of the first positioning hole.

[0072] When installing workpiece 11, aligning the first positioning hole with the first positioning pin ensures the positioning accuracy of workpiece 11 relative to the first base plate 2, thereby ensuring accurate alignment of workpiece 11 with the bearing plate 1.

[0073] In one embodiment, the processing fixing device 100 further includes at least two support positioning components 4. The support positioning components 4 are disposed in the unloading cavity 21. The support positioning components 4 include a support part 41 and a positioning mating part 42. A second positioning hole 13 is provided on the bearing plate 1. The positioning mating part 42 passes through the second positioning hole 13. The support part 41 abuts against the side of the bearing plate 1 near the first bottom plate 2.

[0074] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The support and positioning assembly 4 can be installed in the material discharge chamber 21 using bolts or other structures. The support and positioning assembly 4 includes a support part 41 and a positioning mating part 42. The positioning mating part 42 can be configured as a cylindrical structure so that it can pass through the second positioning hole 13. The positioning mating part 42 and the second positioning hole 13 can adopt a transition fit or a clearance fit. The support part 41 can be configured as a conical structure, with the small end of the conical structure close to the bearing plate 1. In this way, when installing the bearing plate 1, the support and positioning assembly 4 can play a role in auxiliary positioning and support.

[0075] The support and positioning component 4 can be positioned in the middle of the blanking cavity 21 to support the bearing plate 1, thereby overcoming the deformation and vibration caused by the adsorption airflow acting on the bearing plate 1, thus improving the stability of the bearing plate 1 and ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece 11.

[0076] In one embodiment, the processing fixing device 100 further includes a side pre-tightening assembly 5, which is mounted on the first base plate 2. The side pre-tightening assembly 5 includes a main body 51, a movable part 52, and an elastic member 53. The movable part 52 is movably connected to the main body 51 and has a travel along the direction close to or away from the support plate 1. The elastic member 53 is connected to the movable part 52 and the main body 51 and is used to drive the movable part 52 to abut against the side of the support plate 1.

[0077] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4Multiple side pre-tightening components 5 can be provided, and these components can be arranged around the support plate 1. Thus, the support plate 1 can be clamped and constrained by the side pre-tightening components 5. When the side pre-tightening components 5 are installed on the first base plate 2, their positions can be adjusted using sheet-like parts of different thicknesses, such as aluminum sheets. Furthermore, sheet-like parts of different thicknesses can be used to adjust the travel of the movable part 52 along the direction closer to or farther from the support plate 1, thereby indirectly adjusting the clamping force of the side pre-tightening components 5 on the side of the support plate 1. This clamping force only needs to be greater than the inertial force of the support plate 1 during movement. The movable part 52 is movably connected to the main body 51. Specifically, the movable part 52 can be slidably connected or swingably connected to the main body 51. To ensure that the movable part 52 has a travel along the direction closer to or farther from the support plate 1, corresponding limiting mechanisms can be provided on the movable part 52 and / or the main body 51 to limit the travel of the movable part 52 within a certain range. The elastic element 53 can be a spring, rubber column, or other elastic component made of elastic material. It deforms under external force and returns to its original shape after the force is removed. In one embodiment, the elastic element 53 can be a helical spring. The elastic element 53 facilitates quick and easy restriction of the position of the support plate 1 and improves assembly and disassembly efficiency. In this embodiment, the pushing force of the side pre-tightening assembly 5 can be adjusted by replacing the elastic element 53 or the movable part 52. The clamping method in this embodiment does not use a complex screw fixing structure but rather an easily disassembled elastic clamping structure. This eliminates the need for additional disassembly tools, avoids the risk of losing screw parts, and improves the convenience of disassembling and assembling the support plate 1.

[0078] In one embodiment, the processing fixing device 100 further includes an adsorption member, which is installed on the first base plate 2 and is used to adsorb the support plate 1 to prevent the support plate 1 from detaching from the first base plate 2.

[0079] The adsorption component can be a magnet, suction cup, or other parts. Setting the adsorption component to adsorb the support plate 1 can improve the positional stability of the support plate 1, prevent the support plate 1 from deforming during processing and air extraction, and thus improve the processing accuracy.

[0080] In one embodiment, the adsorption element is a magnet, and the support plate 1 is provided with a magnetic adsorption part corresponding to the part of the adsorption element. The magnetic adsorption part may be made of iron material. In this embodiment, a magnet is used as the adsorption element, which eliminates maintenance and is convenient to use.

[0081] In one embodiment, the evacuation device includes at least one of a vacuum pump, a blower, or a vacuum negative pressure station. A vacuum pump is a device or equipment that uses mechanical, physical, chemical, or physicochemical methods to evacuate a container to obtain a vacuum. A blower is a commonly used device for transporting gas. Using any of the above-mentioned devices can achieve good evacuation results, thereby ensuring stable positioning of the workpiece during processing and allowing waste generated during processing to be promptly removed.

[0082] This application also provides a processing apparatus, which includes a processing device and a processing fixture 100 as described above. The processing device is used to process a workpiece 11 placed on the processing fixture 100. The processing device can be any tool cutting device, laser cutting device, etc., that processes by removing material. The processing device is usually also equipped with a vision recognition device such as a CCD probe, which can be used to identify feature points on the workpiece 11, thereby confirming the position of the processing device.

[0083] Because this processing equipment uses the aforementioned processing fixing device 100, the waste, dust, impurities and other pollutants generated during the processing of the workpiece 11 can be sucked into the dropping chamber 21 along the dropping hole 12 under the action of the air extraction device, thereby avoiding the contamination of the appearance of the workpiece 11 and the feature points on the workpiece 11, and improving the processing accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining fixture, characterized by The processing fixing device comprises: a bearing plate for bearing a workpiece, the bearing plate being provided with a blanking hole; a first bottom plate arranged below the bearing plate, a blanking cavity being formed between the bearing plate and the first bottom plate, the first bottom plate being provided with a suction hole, one end of the suction hole being communicated with the blanking cavity, and the other end of the suction hole being communicated with a suction device, the suction device being used to drive waste in the blanking cavity to be discharged along the suction hole and to suck away air in the blanking cavity so as to generate negative pressure in the blanking cavity; wherein the workpiece is provided with a first processing position and a second processing position according to a processing sequence, the suction hole is arranged below the second processing position of the workpiece, and the negative pressure in the blanking cavity when the second processing position is processed is smaller than the negative pressure in the blanking cavity when the first processing position is processed.

2. The machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that The first bottom plate is provided with a plurality of blanking cavities and a plurality of suction holes, each blanking cavity is communicated with at least one suction hole, the processing fixing device comprises a plurality of bearing plates, and the plurality of bearing plates are spliced with each other and correspondingly arranged on the plurality of blanking cavities.

3. The machining fixture of claim 2, wherein The processing fixing device further comprises a ventilation switch assembly communicated with each suction hole, and the ventilation switch assembly is used to independently control the opening and closing of each suction hole.

4. The fixture of claim 1, wherein The processing fixing device further comprises a second bottom plate arranged on a side of the first bottom plate away from the bearing plate, and the second bottom plate is provided with an air suction channel communicated with the suction hole.

5. The fixture of claim 1, wherein The workpiece comprises a PCB, and the workpiece is provided with a to-be-separated part, the blanking hole on the bearing plate is arranged corresponding to the to-be-separated part, and a projection range of the blanking hole on the workpiece is greater than the to-be-separated part, so that the to-be-separated part can fall into the blanking cavity through the blanking hole.

6. The machining fixture of claim 5, wherein The workpiece is provided with at least two first positioning holes, the first bottom plate is provided with first positioning pins corresponding to the first positioning holes, and the first positioning pins are used to abut against inner walls of the first positioning holes.

7. The fixture of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The processing fixing device further comprises at least two support positioning assemblies arranged in the blanking cavity, each support positioning assembly comprises a support part and a positioning matching part, the bearing plate is provided with a second positioning hole, the positioning matching part passes through the second positioning hole, and the support part abuts against a side of the bearing plate close to the first bottom plate.

8. The machining fixture of claim 7, wherein The processing fixing device further comprises a side pre-tightening assembly mounted on the first bottom plate, the side pre-tightening assembly comprises a main body part, a movable part and an elastic member, the movable part is movably connected to the main body part and has a movable stroke in a direction close to or away from the bearing plate, the elastic member is connected to the movable part and the main body part, and the elastic member is used to drive the movable part to abut against a side surface of the bearing plate.

9. The fixture of claim 7, wherein The processing fixing device further comprises a suction accessory mounted on the first bottom plate, and the suction accessory is used to adsorb the bearing plate so as to limit the bearing plate from being separated from the first bottom plate.

10. The machining fixture of claim 9, wherein The suction accessory is a magnet, and the bearing plate is provided with a magnetic suction part corresponding to the position of the suction accessory.

11. The fixture of claim 10, wherein The machining fixing device further comprises the air extraction device, wherein: The air extraction device comprises at least one of a vacuum pump, a fan or a vacuum negative pressure station.

12. A processing apparatus characterized by comprising: The machining equipment comprises a machining device for machining a workpiece placed on the machining fixing device and the machining fixing device according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. The processing apparatus of claim 12, wherein, The machining device is a laser cutting device.

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