High-precision machining method for externally mounted reference guide housing

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing, comprising the following steps: boring the bottom surface of the rib plate to ensure that the flatness meets the standard; machining the first end face of the housing, the inner hole correction band, and the side face of the rib plate using the bottom surface of the rib plate as a reference to ensure that the accuracy meets the standard; vertically lathing the inner hole of the housing, the second end face of the housing, and the outer circle of the flange using the first end face, the side face of the rib plate, and the inner hole correction band as a reference; lathing the outer circle of the inner sleeve to the standard accuracy, leaving an allowance for the inner hole and one end face; cold-pressing the inner sleeve into the housing with both ends of the inner sleeve extending out of the housing; machining the inner hole of the inner sleeve to ensure that the inner hole reaches the design accuracy; machining the keyway of the inner sleeve; and machining the externally mounted reference guide housing through the above steps. By adopting the above steps, the accuracy of the machining reference and the externally mounted reference can be ensured. In particular, the positional relationship between the inner hole and the rib plate is ensured, so that the installation position and the inner hole of the inner sleeve have sufficient relative positional accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machine tool processing, in particular to a high-precision processing method for an externally mounted reference guide housing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, housings are generally provided with a mounting surface that is parallel to the inner hole of the housing and has a certain height difference. The mounting surface, inner hole, and outer circle of the housing are mainly processed by processing equipment such as boring machines and lathes. When the housing is long, the inner hole processed by the boring machine will have the problem of poor straightness. Since the spindle overhang is long, for example, when it exceeds 1 meter, the spindle is extended in a cantilever state, resulting in large deformation. The deformation makes it difficult to meet the processing accuracy requirements. In addition, problems such as the local hardness of the workpiece will cause the spindle to vibrate, which will make the inner hole dimensional accuracy, straightness, and surface finish unable to meet the requirements. It is necessary to improve processing efficiency while ensuring processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing, which can solve the problems of poor dimensional accuracy, unsatisfactory straightness and smoothness of a long housing during machining.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Check the shell blank allowance;

[0006] S2. Boring the bottom surface of the rib to ensure that the flatness meets the standard;

[0007] S3. Using the bottom surface of the rib as a reference, process the first end surface of the shell, the inner hole correction band and the side surface of the rib to ensure that the accuracy meets the standards;

[0008] S4. Based on the first end face, the side face of the rib plate and the inner hole correction band, vertical lathe the inner hole of the shell, the second end face of the shell and the outer circle of the flange;

[0009] S5. Turn the outer circle of the inner sleeve to the required precision, leaving allowance for the inner hole and one end face;

[0010] S6. Cold press the inner sleeve into the shell, with both ends of the inner sleeve extending out of the shell;

[0011] S7, process the inner hole of the inner sleeve to make the inner hole reach the design accuracy;

[0012] S8, machining the inner sleeve keyway;

[0013] The above steps are used to complete the processing of the external mounting reference guide shell.

[0014] In a preferred solution, in step S2, the flatness is less than 0.03 mm.

[0015] In a preferred solution, in step S3, the first end surface of the shell ensures perpendicularity to the bottom surface of the rib plate, which is used for placing the high-speed iron in the subsequent processing steps;

[0016] The inner hole correction tape is used to ensure coaxiality with the spindle of the machine tool;

[0017] The side of the rib plate ensures parallelism with the main axis of the machine tool and is used to calibrate the inner hole axis to be parallel to the main axis of the machine tool.

[0018] In a preferred solution, in step S3, the inner hole correction zone is a distance from the inner wall of the inner hole.

[0019] In the preferred solution, in step S3, the inner hole correction band is located on the inner wall of the inner hollow correction ring, a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the inner hollow correction ring, a plurality of threaded holes are processed on the second end face of the shell, and the pin bolts pass through the positioning holes and are connected to the threaded holes.

[0020] In a preferred solution, in step S4, the first end face of the shell is placed on a uniform height iron, the side of the rib plate is positioned, the tool is aligned with the inner hole correction tape, and the vertical lathe spindle is positioned to be parallel and coaxial with the inner hole axis.

[0021] In the preferred solution, in step S7, the bottom surface of the rib plate is placed on the equal height iron, and the outer circle of the flange is used to calibrate the boring machine spindle to be coaxial with the outer circle of the flange, and the inner hole of the inner sleeve is machined, with the inner hole cylindricity of 0.027 and the roughness of Ra1.6;

[0022] The spindle speed is 6~10 rpm, and processing is carried out in the steps of roughing, semi-finishing and finishing.

[0023] In the preferred solution, in step S7, a cantilever shaft support device is arranged below the main spindle of the boring machine, one end of the cantilever shaft support device is provided with a flange mounting seat for fixed connection with the boring machine, and the other end is located below the main spindle of the boring machine close to the tool position. The cantilever shaft support device is welded by a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, and weight-reducing holes are provided on the horizontal plate and the vertical plate.

[0024] In a preferred solution, in step S7, the inner keyway is machined using a wire cutting device. Before machining, the bottom surface of the rib plate is corrected to be parallel to the coordinate plane of the wire cutting device, and the center of the inner hole is determined by aligning the coordinate values ​​of the four directions of the inner hole.

[0025] When calibrating the coordinate values ​​in the four directions, make the wire cutting wire close to the inner wall, observe and fine-tune the direction of the wire cutting wire so that the electric sparks of the wire cutting are evenly distributed up and down.

[0026] In a preferred solution, in step S7, a right-angle milling head is installed on the main spindle of the boring machine, a cantilever shaft support device is provided below the right-angle milling head, and the keyway of the inner hole is machined by milling through the main spindle of the boring machine.

[0027] The present invention provides a high-precision machining method for an external mounting reference guide housing. By employing the above steps, the accuracy of the machining reference and the external mounting reference can be ensured. In particular, the positional relationship between the inner hole and the rib is guaranteed, and machining efficiency is improved, ensuring sufficient relative positional accuracy between the mounting position and the inner hole of the inner sleeve, thereby ensuring the machining and installation accuracy of the inner hole. For cold-fitting large parts, a certain height is reserved on the copper sleeve for machining the lifting hole. After cold-fitting, when machining the inner hole, the copper sleeve and the housing are then machined flat together. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention during processing.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cantilever shaft support device of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: shell 1, inner sleeve 2, rib 3, rib side 4, rib bottom 5, rib 6, shell first end face 7, shell second end face 8, boring machine spindle 9, cantilever shaft support device 10, flange mounting seat 101, horizontal plate 102, vertical plate 103, weight reduction hole 104, inner hollow correction ring 11, pin bolt 12, right-angle milling head 13, keyway 14, flange outer circle 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The shell of the guide device processed by the present invention is more than 1000mm long, and the inner hole cylindricity is required to be 0.027mm. Due to installation requirements, the keyway and the bottom plane of the rib plate have strict dimensional accuracy requirements, including parallelism, coaxiality, flatness and surface roughness. Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the guide device of the present invention is composed of a housing 1, two ribs 6 on the outer wall of the housing, and four ribs 3 between the ribs 6 and the housing 1. The various parts are connected into a whole by welding.

[0035] like Figures 1-3 A high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Check the blank allowance of shell 1 by marking; ensure that the installation reference surface has machining allowance, and make deflection when necessary;

[0037] S2. Boring the 5 planes on the bottom surface of the rib to ensure that the flatness meets the standards;

[0038] In a preferred solution, in step S2, the flatness is less than 0.03 mm.

[0039] S3. Using the rib bottom surface 5 as a reference, process the first end surface 7 of the shell, the inner hole correction band, and the rib side surface 4 to ensure that the accuracy meets the standards;

[0040] In a preferred solution, in step S3, the first end surface 7 of the shell ensures perpendicularity to the bottom surface 5 of the rib plate, so as to be used for placing the equal-height iron in the subsequent processing steps;

[0041] The inner hole correction tape is used to ensure coaxiality with the spindle of the machine tool;

[0042] The rib side surface 4 ensures parallelism with the main axis of the machine tool and is used to calibrate that the inner hole axis of the housing 1 is parallel to the main axis of the machine tool.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the inner hole correction band is a distance on the inner wall of the inner hole, for example, a 10 mm section is machined as the inner hole correction band to correct the inner hole axis of the housing 1 to be parallel to the spindle of a machine tool such as a lathe.

[0044] Another option is Figure 3 In step S3, the inner hole correction band is located on the inner wall of the inner hollow correction ring 11. The inner hollow correction ring 11 is provided with multiple positioning holes. Multiple threaded holes are machined on the second end face 8 of the housing. The pin bolts 12 pass through the positioning holes and connect with the threaded holes. This solution can avoid processing errors.

[0045] S4. Using the first end face 7, the rib side face 4 and the inner hole correction band as references, vertical lathe is used to process the inner hole of the housing 1, the second end face 8 of the housing and the outer circle of the flange 15; the outer circle of the flange 15 processed here will be used as the reference for adjusting the coaxiality of the inner hole of the inner sleeve 2 later.

[0046] In a preferred solution, in step S4, the first end face 7 of the shell is placed on a uniform height iron, the rib side face 4 is positioned, the tool is aligned with the inner hole correction tape, and the vertical lathe spindle is positioned to be parallel and coaxial with the inner hole axis of the shell 1.

[0047] S5. Turn the outer circle of the inner sleeve 2 to the required precision, leaving an allowance for the inner hole and one end face; usually more than 10mm, and process the lifting screw hole on the end face;

[0048] S6. Cold-press the inner sleeve 2 into the shell 1, with both ends of the inner sleeve 2 extending out of the shell;

[0049] S7, processing the inner hole of the inner sleeve 2 to make the inner hole reach the design accuracy;

[0050] The preferred solution is Figure 3In step S7, the rib bottom surface 5 is placed on the equal height iron, and the boring machine spindle 9 is aligned with the flange outer circle 15 to be coaxial with the flange outer circle 15, and the inner hole of the inner sleeve 2 is machined. The length of the inner sleeve 2 is 1080 mm, the inner hole cylindricity is 0.027, and the roughness is Ra1.6;

[0051] The spindle speed is 6~10 rpm, and processing is carried out in the steps of roughing, semi-finishing and finishing.

[0052] In a preferred solution, to avoid the impact of cantilever deformation of the boring machine spindle 9 on machining accuracy, the boring machine spindle 9 is extended to a position suitable for machining the entire inner bore of the inner sleeve 2. The rib bottom surface 5 is then placed on a uniform iron, and the uniform iron and housing 1 are integrally fixed to a workbench. This movable workbench mitigates the impact of cantilever deformation of the boring machine spindle 9 on machining accuracy. Furthermore, a very low rotational speed of 6-10 rpm is set to avoid tool vibration and ensure the cylindricity accuracy of the inner bore. The feed rate is then adjusted to a sequence of roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing. Finally, a grinding wheel is used to super-finish the inner bore of the inner sleeve 2.

[0053] S8, machining the 2nd keyway of the inner sleeve;

[0054] The preferred solution is Figure 1 、 3 , 4, in step S7, a cantilever shaft support device 10 is set below the boring machine spindle 9, and a flange mounting seat 101 is provided at one end of the cantilever shaft support device 10 for fixed connection with the boring machine, and the other end is located below the boring machine spindle 9 close to the tool position, and is slidably connected to the boring machine spindle 9, that is, the boring machine spindle 9 can rotate on the end of the cantilever shaft support device 10, and the cantilever shaft support device 10 is welded by a horizontal plate 102 and a vertical plate 103, and a weight reduction hole 104 is provided on the horizontal plate 102 and the vertical plate 103.

[0055] In another optional solution, in step S7, the inner keyway 14 is machined using a wire cutting device. Before machining, the bottom surface 5 of the rib plate is aligned with the coordinate plane of the wire cutting device. The center of the inner hole is determined by aligning the coordinate values ​​of the four directions of the inner hole.

[0056] When calibrating the coordinate values ​​in the four directions, make the wire cutting wire close to the inner wall, observe and fine-tune the direction of the wire cutting wire so that the electric sparks of the wire cutting are evenly distributed up and down.

[0057] A further preferred solution is Figure 3 In step S7, a right-angle milling head 13 is mounted on the boring machine spindle 9, with a cantilever shaft support 10 positioned below the right-angle milling head 13. The boring machine spindle 9 is used to mill the keyway 14 of the inner hole. Because the machining accuracy of the wire cutting process does not meet the required precision, the right-angle milling head 13 is used to fine-mill the keyway 14, achieving a keyway 14 that meets the design precision requirements.

[0058] The above steps are used to complete the processing of the external mounting reference guide shell.

[0059] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application may be arbitrarily combined with each other unless they conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions described in the claims. Equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Check the blank allowance of the shell (1); S2. Boring the bottom surface (5) of the rib plate to ensure that the flatness meets the standard; S3, using the bottom surface of the rib plate (5) as a reference, processing the first end surface (7) of the shell, the inner hole correction band and the side surface (4) of the rib plate to ensure that the accuracy meets the standard; S4, using the first end face (7), the rib side face (4) and the inner hole correction band as reference, vertical lathe processing the inner hole of the shell (1), the second end face (8) of the shell and the outer circle of the flange (15); S5. Turn the outer circle of the inner sleeve (2) to the required precision, leaving allowance for the inner hole and one end face; S6. Cold-press the inner sleeve (2) into the shell (1), with both ends of the inner sleeve (2) extending out of the shell; S7, processing the inner hole of the inner sleeve (2) to achieve the designed accuracy; S8, machining the keyway of the inner sleeve (2); The above steps are used to complete the processing of the external mounting reference guide shell.

2. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the flatness is less than 0.03 mm.

3. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the first end surface (7) of the shell is ensured to be perpendicular to the bottom surface (5) of the rib plate, so as to be used for placing the equal-height iron in the subsequent processing steps; The inner hole correction tape is used to ensure coaxiality with the spindle of the machine tool; The side surface of the rib plate (4) ensures parallelism with the main axis of the machine tool and is used to calibrate the inner hole axis to be parallel with the main axis of the machine tool.

4. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the inner hole correction zone is a distance from the inner wall of the inner hole.

5. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the inner hole correction band is located on the inner wall of the inner hollow correction ring (11), a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the inner hollow correction ring (11), a plurality of threaded holes are processed on the second end face (8) of the shell, and the pin bolts (12) pass through the positioning holes and are connected to the threaded holes.

6. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S4, the first end face (7) of the shell is placed on the equal height iron, the side face (4) of the rib plate is positioned, the tool is aligned with the inner hole correction tape, and the vertical lathe spindle is positioned to be parallel and coaxial with the inner hole axis.

7. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S7, the bottom surface of the rib plate (5) is placed on the equal height iron, and the outer circle of the flange (15) is used to calibrate the boring machine spindle (9) to be coaxial with the outer circle of the flange (15), and the inner hole of the inner sleeve (2) is machined, with the inner hole cylindricity of 0.027 and the roughness of Ra1.6; The spindle speed is 6~10 rpm, and processing is carried out in the steps of roughing, semi-finishing and finishing.

8. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 7, wherein: In step S7, a cantilever shaft support device (10) is provided below the main shaft (9) of the boring machine. One end of the cantilever shaft support device (10) is provided with a flange mounting seat (101) for fixed connection with the boring machine, and the other end is located below the main shaft (9) of the boring machine close to the tool position. The cantilever shaft support device (10) is welded by a horizontal plate (102) and a vertical plate (103), and a weight reduction hole (104) is provided on the horizontal plate (102) and the vertical plate (103).

9. A high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: In step S7, the inner keyway (14) is machined using a wire cutting device. Before machining, the bottom surface of the rib plate (5) is corrected to be parallel to the coordinate plane of the wire cutting device. The center of the inner hole is determined by aligning the coordinate values ​​of the four directions of the inner hole. When calibrating the coordinate values ​​in the four directions, make the wire cutting wire close to the inner wall, observe and fine-tune the direction of the wire cutting wire so that the electric sparks of the wire cutting are evenly distributed up and down.

10. The high-precision machining method for an externally mounted reference guide housing according to claim 1, wherein: In step S7, a right-angle milling head (13) is installed on the boring machine spindle (9), a cantilever shaft support device (10) is set below the right-angle milling head (13), and the keyway (14) of the inner hole is machined by milling through the boring machine spindle (9).

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