A device, system and process for annular gunite

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and particularly relates to a ring-shaped spouting equipment, which comprises a first trolley, a template assembly, a first adjusting assembly, and at least one spouting assembly; the first trolley can reciprocate along the extension direction of an arch frame; the template assembly is used for adhering to the arch frame to form a mold cavity before spouting; one end of the first adjusting assembly is connected with the first trolley, and the other end is connected with the template assembly, and is used for driving the template assembly to move relative to the arch frame; and any one of the spouting assemblies is used for spouting into the mold cavity, and the spouting assembly is connected with the first adjusting assembly and adjusts the spouting position through the first adjusting assembly. The present application can reduce the rebound and dust generation of spouting material, effectively improve the spouting efficiency, reduce the cost, and improve the construction environment. The present application also discloses a spouting system with the above spouting equipment, and a spouting process based on the above spouting system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular relates to a device, system and process for annular shotcreting. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, initial support is typically required, and for weak surrounding rock, arch erection and mesh reinforcement are necessary. After tunnel excavation, the prefabricated arch frames are transported into the tunnel for assembly. Therefore, to provide resistance against the pressure of the surrounding rock and prevent localized rockfalls and slippage, secondary lining is required using shotcrete.

[0003] Shotcrete is the spraying of concrete after the arch is erected and the mesh is installed. This process can connect the arch frame and the mesh, as well as the arch frames themselves, into a unified load-bearing structure.

[0004] Traditional tunnel shotcreting is achieved using a wet shotcrete machine with a robotic arm, which uses a pumping system to spray shotcrete onto the tunnel arch frame. During this process, due to the poor instantaneous adhesion of the shotcrete material and its rigid nature, it easily bounces back after being sprayed onto the rock surface, resulting in over 30% of the shotcrete falling to the ground and causing significant waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a ring-shaped shotcrete device that reduces the rebound and dust generation of shotcrete materials, effectively improving shotcrete efficiency, reducing costs, and improving the construction environment. This invention also discloses a shotcrete system incorporating the aforementioned shotcrete device, and a shotcrete process based on the aforementioned shotcrete system.

[0006] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A ring-shaped shotcrete device for shotcreting between at least two arch frames along the extension direction of the arch frames, comprising:

[0008] The first trolley can reciprocate along the extension direction of the arch frame;

[0009] Template assembly, used to fit the arch frame to form a mold cavity before shotcreting;

[0010] A first adjustment component, one end of which is connected to a first trolley and the other end of which is connected to a template assembly, is used to drive the template assembly to move relative to the arch frame; and

[0011] At least one spraying component, any one of which is used to spray spraying into the mold cavity, the spraying component is connected to a first adjustment component, and the spraying position is adjusted by the first adjustment component.

[0012] During the shotcrete process, the shotcrete direction is adjusted by the first adjustment component, and the arch frame is clamped by the template assembly and the rock layer so that the shotcrete material is concentrated between two adjacent arch frames without leakage, thereby avoiding the rebound of the shotcrete material and avoiding the generation of too much dust. This also improves shotcrete efficiency and avoids increasing costs.

[0013] Preferably, the template assembly includes:

[0014] A fitting template, the fitting template having a shape that fits the lower arc surface of the arch frame, is used to fit the arch frame before shotcreting to form a mold cavity; and

[0015] A transition component, which is connected to a first trolley via a first adjustment component, and connected to a fitting template via a translation mechanism;

[0016] The translation mechanism is used to adjust the relative position between the fitting template and the first adjustment component in the width direction of the arch frame.

[0017] When the template assembly is transferred to the arch frame, the relative position between the template and the arch frame can be adjusted by the translation mechanism so that the template completely covers the gap between any two adjacent arch frames, thereby further ensuring that the shotcrete material will not leak. In addition, it can also avoid the influence of other equipment or interference in the tunnel on the shotcrete process, that is, it is not necessary to maintain high motion accuracy in the process. The transition component can also provide suitable installation space for the translation mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the transition component includes:

[0019] A first transition piece, the first transition piece being connected to the fitting template via a translation mechanism; and

[0020] The second transition member has one side hinged to the first transition member, and the side of the second transition member away from the first transition member is connected to the first adjustment assembly.

[0021] The first transition member provides a suitable installation space for the translation mechanism, and the second transition member serves as a suitable connector between the first transition member and the first adjustment component.

[0022] The first adjustment component includes:

[0023] A second telescopic mechanism, one end of which is connected to the first trolley and the other end to the second transition piece, is used to adjust the relative distance between the fitting template and the arch frame; and

[0024] The third telescopic mechanism has one end hinged to the first trolley or the second telescopic mechanism, and the other end hinged to the fitting template;

[0025] Wherein, the plane in which the third telescopic mechanism drives the template to swing is perpendicular to the plane in which the first telescopic mechanism drives the template to swing.

[0026] The second telescopic mechanism can adjust the relative distance between the template and the arch frame, thus meeting the primary condition for the template and the arch frame to fit together; the third telescopic mechanism can swing the template assembly, so that the template assembly can fit completely with the arch frame in the length direction, thereby better covering the gap between the arch frames and further avoiding leakage of the sprayed grout material.

[0027] Preferably, the first adjustment component includes:

[0028] A connecting bracket, which is correspondingly arranged with the shotcrete assembly, has one end connected to the template assembly; and

[0029] A rotary mechanism is provided, which is correspondingly provided with the connecting bracket, and the rotary mechanism is provided at the end of the connecting bracket away from the template assembly;

[0030] The rotary mechanism is connected to one of the shotcrete components.

[0031] The rotary mechanism enables the shotcrete assembly to rotate, allowing for precise shotcrete application and ensuring that the shotcrete material fills the gaps between the arches within a certain angle range. Furthermore, the rotary mechanism enables shotcrete application for tunnel widening.

[0032] A ring-shaped shotcrete system, comprising:

[0033] At least one annular shotcrete device as described above;

[0034] Shotcrete arm equipment, the shotcrete arm equipment including a second trolley; and

[0035] An arc-shaped track is provided on the lower side of the arch frame and has a shape that fits the arc surface of the arch frame;

[0036] The first and second trolleys are both mounted on an arc-shaped track and can move relative to the arc-shaped track.

[0037] The shotcrete arm equipment also includes:

[0038] A second adjustment component, the second adjustment component being connected to a second trolley; and

[0039] A shotcrete arm body, wherein the shotcrete arm body is disposed on the second adjustment assembly;

[0040] The second adjustment component is used to drive the shotcrete arm body to align with the position to be shotcreted.

[0041] The ring shotcrete equipment can work with the shotcrete arm equipment to achieve complete shotcrete application to the arch frame. The ring shotcrete equipment can spray shotcrete at positions outside the middle of the arch frame, while the shotcrete arm body sprays shotcrete at the middle of the arch frame to finish the job.

[0042] Preferably, the annular shotcrete equipment has two parts, namely a first part and a second part;

[0043] The first device and the second device are located on both sides of the shotcrete arm device, respectively.

[0044] Using two ring shotcrete devices can improve the efficiency of the shotcrete process.

[0045] A ring-shaped shotcrete process, based on a ring-shaped shotcrete system as described above, wherein the ring-shaped shotcrete equipment comprises one ring-shaped shotcrete device, and the shotcrete process includes the following steps:

[0046] Drive the first trolley to one of the lower ends of the curved track;

[0047] The position of the template assembly is adjusted by the first adjustment component so that the template assembly fits the arch frame and forms a mold cavity before spraying.

[0048] Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly so that its nozzle is pointing towards the lower end of the shotcrete assembly.

[0049] Start the shotcrete assembly to drive the first trolley from the lower end of the arc track to the upper end of the arc track;

[0050] The circular shotcrete equipment stops spraying and drives the formwork assembly away from the arch frame;

[0051] Drive the first trolley to the other lower end of the curved track;

[0052] Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly so that its nozzle is pointing towards the lower end of the shotcrete assembly.

[0053] Similarly, the shotcrete operation is completed as the first trolley moves from the lower end to the upper end of the curved track.

[0054] After the ring shotcrete equipment completes the shotcrete operation, there is a gap between two adjacent arch frames that needs to be shotcreted.

[0055] Drive the second trolley to the high end of the curved track;

[0056] The second adjustment component adjusts the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body, aligning its nozzle with the gap to be sprayed, and completes the shotcrete operation.

[0057] A ring-shaped shotcrete process, based on a ring-shaped shotcrete system as described above, includes the following steps:

[0058] Drive the first device to one of the lower ends of the curved track;

[0059] The position of the template assembly of the first device is adjusted by the first adjustment component of the first device, so that the template assembly of the first device fits the arch frame and forms a mold cavity before spraying.

[0060] Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly of the first device so that its nozzle is facing the lower end of the shotcrete assembly of the first device;

[0061] Start the shotcrete assembly of the first device to drive the first trolley of the first device to move from the lower end of the arc track to the upper end of the arc track;

[0062] The first device stops spraying mortar, and the formwork assembly of the first device is driven away from the arch frame;

[0063] Drive the second device to the other lower end of the curved track;

[0064] The same shotcrete operation as the first equipment is performed using the second equipment.

[0065] After the first and second equipment complete the shotcreting operation, there is a gap in the middle of two adjacent arch frames to be shotcreted.

[0066] Drive the second trolley to the high end of the curved track;

[0067] The second adjustment component adjusts the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body, aligning its nozzle with the gap to be sprayed, and completes the shotcrete operation.

[0068] Compared with existing technologies, this invention adopts a flat and compact structure, which can not only meet its functional requirements, but also reduce interference between corresponding equipment, and avoid site usage restrictions, thus greatly improving the overall performance. In addition, this invention can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of shotcreting, reduce the rebound of shotcreting materials, and reduce the amount of shotcreting materials used. Furthermore, this invention can also reduce the dust environment formed in the tunnel, effectively ensuring the health of on-site personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view;

[0071] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the first adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete arm device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] In the diagram: 1-Arch frame; 2-First trolley; 3-Formwork assembly; 4-First adjustment component; 5-Shotcrete assembly; 6-Four-way distribution valve; 7-Flare mouth; 8-Forming steel frame; 9-Formwork rubber; 10-Linear slide rail; 11-Translation cylinder; 12-Slider; 13-First transition piece; 14-Second transition piece; 15-First telescopic mechanism; 16-Second telescopic mechanism; 17-Third telescopic mechanism; 18-Connecting bracket; 19-Rotation mechanism; 20-Shotcrete nozzle; 21-Mixing assembly; 22-Bend; 23-Figure-eight seat; 24-Shotcrete arm equipment; 25-Arc track; 26-Second trolley; 27-Shotcrete arm body; 28-Toothed inner ring; 29-First cylinder; 30-Second cylinder; 31-Third cylinder; 32-Fourth cylinder; 33-First equipment; 34-Second equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0077] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a ring-shaped shotcrete device is used for shotcreting between at least two arch frames 1 along the extension direction of the arch frames 1. It includes a first trolley 2, a template assembly 3, and a first adjustment component 4; and at least one shotcrete component 5. The first trolley 2 is reciprocating along the extension direction of the arch frames 1. The template assembly 3 is used to fit the arch frames 1 before shotcreting to form a mold cavity. One end of the first adjustment component 4 is connected to the first trolley 2, and the other end is connected to the template assembly 3, for driving the template assembly 3 to move relative to the arch frames 1. Any one of the shotcrete components 5 is used to spray shotcrete into the mold cavity. The shotcrete component 5 is connected to the first adjustment component 4, and the shotcrete position is adjusted by the first adjustment component 4.

[0078] This embodiment applies to a three-arch frame 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment has four arch frames 1, which are connected by reinforcing ribs to form a single unit. For any one arch frame 1, from left to right, they are the first frame, the second frame, and the third frame. During use, the first trolley 2 transports the first adjustment component 4 to the end of the first frame away from the second frame, or the end of the third frame away from the second frame, that is, the first trolley 2 transports the first adjustment component 4 to one of the lower ends of the arch frame 1.

[0079] Then, the first adjustment component 4 drives the template assembly 3 to fit against the arch frame 1. At this time, it is known that there are three gaps between the four arch frames 1. Therefore, after the first adjustment component 4 drives the template assembly 3 to fit against the arch frame 1, the template assembly 3 should completely cover the above three gaps.

[0080] It is also known that this embodiment has three shotcrete components 5, and one shotcrete component 5 corresponds to one gap.

[0081] Therefore, in this embodiment, the three shotcrete components 5 are connected to the external storage device through the four-way distribution valve 6. The inlet end of the four-way distribution valve 6 is provided with a flared mouth 7 to facilitate the alignment and connection of the injection head of the external storage device and to ensure sealing, so as to ensure that the shotcrete material does not overflow.

[0082] During the shotcreting process, the first trolley 2 simultaneously carries the shotcreting assembly 5 from the bottom to the top, thus realizing the shotcreting of the first frame and part of the second frame.

[0083] Due to the arc-shaped structure of the arch frame 1, during the shotcreting process, the gravity of the shotcreting material itself, as well as the pressure of the subsequent shotcreting material on the preceding shotcreting material, can better meet the stability requirements of the arch frame 1 compared to existing technologies.

[0084] It should be noted that the mold cavity is enclosed by the arch frame 1, the rock layer and the template assembly 3, so the sprayed material can flow inside the mold cavity and achieve lining.

[0085] To better utilize this embodiment, the template assembly 3 includes a fitting template and a transition component; the fitting template has a shape that fits the lower arc surface of the arch frame 1, and is used to fit the arch frame 1 before spraying to form a mold cavity; the transition component is connected to the first trolley 2 through the first adjustment component 4, and the transition component is connected to the fitting template through a translation mechanism; the translation mechanism is used to adjust the relative position between the fitting template and the first adjustment component 4 in the width direction of the arch frame 1.

[0086] In this embodiment, the fitting template includes a shaped steel frame 8 and a template rubber 9. The shaped steel frame 8 is designed to fit the arch frame 1. After the template rubber 9 is connected to the shaped steel frame 8, the elastic deformation of the template rubber 9 itself can better achieve the fit with the arch frame 1.

[0087] In this embodiment, the translation mechanism includes a linear slide rail 10, a translation cylinder 11, and a slider 12. The linear slide rail 10 is disposed on the forming steel frame 8, the slider 12 is disposed on the transition component, and the translation cylinder 11 connects the forming steel frame 8 and the transition component. Thus, when the translation cylinder 11 is activated, the bonding template can generate relative movement with the transition component, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the bonding template.

[0088] Of course, it is understandable that the translation mechanism may be configured differently in different embodiments, such as one of the fitting template and the transition component being provided with a linear slide rail 10 and the other with a slider 12.

[0089] Therefore, with Figure 1 For example, the translation mechanism can realize the forward and backward movement of the template assembly 3, thereby satisfying the fitting requirements between the template and the arch frame 1.

[0090] Furthermore, the transition assembly includes a first transition member 13 and a second transition member 14; the first transition member 13 is connected to the fitting template via a translation mechanism; one side of the second transition member 14 is hinged to the first transition member 13, and the side of the second transition member 14 away from the first transition member 13 is connected to the first adjustment assembly 4.

[0091] Specifically, the slider 12 is disposed on the first transition member 13, and there is an installation position for the translation cylinder 11 between the first transition member 13 and the forming steel frame 8.

[0092] To better utilize this embodiment, the transition assembly further includes a first telescopic mechanism 15, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the same end of the first transition member 13 and the second transition member 14, and the end is located in the width direction of the arch frame 1.

[0093] The first telescopic mechanism 15 is a cylinder, which can swing the template assembly 3 in the front and back direction, so that the front and rear ends of the template assembly 3 fit against the arch frame 1. Of course, in this process, the first adjustment component 4 is also needed.

[0094] To better utilize this embodiment, the first adjustment component 4 includes a second telescopic mechanism 16 and a third telescopic mechanism 17; one end of the second telescopic mechanism 16 is connected to the first trolley 2, and the other end is connected to the second transition member 14, for adjusting the relative distance between the fitting template and the arch frame 1; one end of the third telescopic mechanism 17 is hinged to the first trolley 2 or the second telescopic mechanism 16, and the other end is hinged to the fitting template; the plane in which the third telescopic mechanism 17 drives the fitting template to swing is perpendicular to the plane in which the first telescopic mechanism 15 drives the fitting template to swing.

[0095] The second telescopic mechanism 16 is a cylinder, which enables the template assembly 3 to move closer to or further away from the arch frame 1. The third telescopic mechanism 17 is a cylinder, which... Figure 1For example, the template assembly 3 can be swung left and right, thereby allowing the left and right ends of the template assembly 3 to fit against the arch frame 1. Therefore, to achieve the best fit between the template assembly 3 and the arch frame 1, the coordinated action of the translation mechanism, the first telescopic mechanism 15, the second telescopic mechanism 16, and the third telescopic mechanism 17 is required. It should also be understood that the absence of one or more of these mechanisms in the annular shotcrete equipment does not mean that the fit between the template assembly 3 and the arch frame 1 cannot be achieved.

[0096] In this embodiment, there are two third telescopic mechanisms 17, located on the left and right sides of the first telescopic mechanism 15 respectively. The two third telescopic mechanisms 17 realize the left and right swing of the template assembly 3 by pulling and / or pushing.

[0097] In some other embodiments, the first telescopic mechanism 15 drives the template assembly 3 to swing left and right, and the third telescopic mechanism 17 drives the template assembly 3 to swing back and forth.

[0098] It should be noted that, in order to provide the pushing distance of the second telescopic mechanism 16, the second telescopic mechanism 16 is generally a multi-segment telescopic mechanism.

[0099] To better utilize this embodiment, the first adjustment component 4 includes a connecting bracket 18 and a rotating mechanism 19; the connecting bracket 18 is correspondingly arranged with the shotcrete component 5, and one end of it is connected to the template assembly 3; the rotating mechanism 19 is correspondingly arranged with the connecting bracket 18, and the rotating mechanism 19 is located at the end of the connecting bracket 18 away from the template assembly 3; the rotating mechanism 19 is connected to one of the shotcrete components 5.

[0100] The rotary mechanism 19 is a rotary cylinder that can carry its corresponding shotcrete assembly 5 to rotate within a certain angle range. In some embodiments, the gap between any two arch frames 1 is greater than the rotation radius of the shotcrete assembly 5.

[0101] In this embodiment, any shotcrete assembly 5 includes a shotcrete nozzle 20, a mixing assembly 21, and a bend 22. The two ends of the mixing assembly 21 are connected to the shotcrete nozzle 20 and the bend 22, respectively, and can be connected by clamps. The end of the bend 22 furthest from the mixing assembly 21 is connected to a four-way distribution valve 6. The bend 22 is flexible and can achieve a certain degree of bending, twisting, and other deformation.

[0102] The connecting bracket 18 is provided with a figure-eight seat 23, and the shotcrete nozzle 20 is fixed on the figure-eight seat 23, thereby realizing the installation and connection of the shotcrete assembly 5.

[0103] like Figures 1-6As shown, based on the above-mentioned annular shotcrete equipment, this embodiment also discloses an annular shotcrete system, including at least one annular shotcrete equipment as described above, as well as a shotcrete arm device 24 and an arc-shaped track 25; the shotcrete arm device 24 includes a second trolley 26; the arc-shaped track 25 is disposed on the lower side of the arch frame 1 and has a shape that fits the arc surface of the arch frame 1; the first trolley 2 and the second trolley 26 are both disposed on the arc-shaped track 25 and can move relative to the arc-shaped track 25; the shotcrete arm device 24 also includes a second adjustment component and a shotcrete arm body 27; the second adjustment component is connected to the second trolley 26; the shotcrete arm body 27 is disposed on the second adjustment component; the second adjustment component is used to drive the shotcrete arm body 27 to align with the position to be shotcreted.

[0104] In this embodiment, the annular track has a toothed inner ring 28. Therefore, the first trolley 2 and the second trolley 26 have a power source that meshes with the toothed inner ring 28 to achieve movement on the annular track. It is known that the annular track may also be provided with a toothed outer ring.

[0105] The second adjustment component can adjust the position of the shotcrete arm body 27. Specifically, it can adjust the distance through the first cylinder 29 and adjust the angle through the second cylinder 30, the third cylinder 31 and the fourth cylinder 32.

[0106] It is known that the shotcrete arm body 27 is connected to an external material storage device, and it is also fed through the external material storage device.

[0107] During use, the shotcrete arm body 27 does not extend into the space between the template assembly 3 and the rock layer; that is, it performs shotcrete work on the inside of the arch frame 1.

[0108] Specifically, when there is only one annular shotcrete device, the shotcrete process includes the following steps:

[0109] S100, drive the first trolley 2 to move to one of the lower ends of the arc track 25;

[0110] S200. The position of the template assembly 3 is adjusted by the first adjustment component 4 so that the template assembly 3 fits the arch frame 1 and forms a mold cavity before spraying.

[0111] S300. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly 5 so that its nozzle faces the lower end of the shotcrete assembly 5.

[0112] S400, start the shotcrete assembly 5, and drive the first trolley 2 to move from the lower end of the arc track 25 to the upper end of the arc track 25;

[0113] S500, the ring shotcrete equipment stops shotcreting, and the drive template assembly 3 moves away from the arch frame 1;

[0114] S600 drives the first trolley 2 to move to the other lower end of the arc track 25;

[0115] S700. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly 5 so that its nozzle faces the lower end of the shotcrete assembly 5.

[0116] S800, also completes the shotcrete operation as the first trolley 2 moves from the lower end to the upper end of the arc track 25;

[0117] S900. After the shotcrete operation is completed by the annular shotcrete equipment, there is a gap between two adjacent arch frames 1 to be shotcreted.

[0118] S1000 drives the second trolley 26 to move to the high end of the arc track 25;

[0119] S1100. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body 27 through the second adjustment component so that its nozzle is aligned with the gap to be sprayed and complete the shotcrete operation.

[0120] In step S300, the nozzle of the shotcrete assembly 5 faces downward. It is known that in order to ensure the shotcrete efficiency and to avoid contact interference between the nozzle of the shotcrete assembly 5 and the template assembly 3 or the rock stratum during the movement of the first trolley 2, preferably, the straight line of the nozzle of the shotcrete assembly 5 is tangent to the arc surface of the arch frame 1.

[0121] Step S800 actually includes steps S200 to S500, the only difference being that the movement path of the first trolley 2 is reversed.

[0122] It is understandable that the first trolley 2 can move from left to right first, and then from right to left, and the order of S100 to S300 can be adjusted as needed.

[0123] Furthermore, in order to improve the efficiency of the shotcrete process, in some embodiments, the annular shotcrete device has two parts, namely a first device 33 and a second device 34; the first device 33 and the second device 34 are located on both sides of the shotcrete arm device 24.

[0124] In this embodiment, it can be achieved through the following steps:

[0125] S100, drive the first device 33 to move to one of the lower ends of the arc track 25;

[0126] S200, The position of the template assembly 3 of the first device 33 is adjusted by the first adjustment component 4 of the first device 33, so that the template assembly 3 of the first device 33 fits the arch frame 1 and forms a mold cavity before spraying.

[0127] S300. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly 5 of the first device 33 so that its nozzle faces the lower end of the shotcrete assembly 5 of the first device 33.

[0128] S400, Start the shotcrete assembly 5 of the first device 33, and drive the first trolley 2 of the first device 33 to move from the lower end of the arc track 25 to the upper end of the arc track 25;

[0129] S500, the first device 33 stops spraying mortar and drives the template assembly 3 of the first device 33 away from the arch frame 1;

[0130] S600, drives the second device 34 to move to the other lower end of the arc track 25;

[0131] S700, the same shotcrete operation as the first device 33 is completed by the second device 34;

[0132] S800 After the first device 33 and the second device 34 complete the shotcreting operation, there is a gap to be shotcreted in the middle of two adjacent arch frames 1;

[0133] S900 drives the second trolley 26 to move to the high end of the arc track 25;

[0134] S1000: Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body 27 through the second adjustment component so that its nozzle is aligned with the gap to be sprayed and complete the shotcrete operation.

[0135] In different embodiments, the process steps of this embodiment can be referred to, and the order of some of the steps can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual working conditions.

[0136] It is understandable that, in order to improve process efficiency, in this embodiment, the first device 33 and the second device 34 operate simultaneously.

[0137] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped shotcrete device, characterized in that, For spraying grout between at least two arch frames, along the extension direction of the arch frames, including: The first trolley can reciprocate along the extension direction of the arch frame; Template assembly, used to fit the arch frame to form a mold cavity before shotcreting; A first adjustment component, one end of which is connected to a first trolley and the other end of which is connected to a template assembly, is used to drive the template assembly to move relative to the arch frame; and At least one spraying assembly, any one of which is used to spray spraying into the mold cavity, the spraying assembly is connected to a first adjustment assembly, and the spraying position is adjusted by the first adjustment assembly; The template assembly includes: A fitting template, the fitting template having a shape that fits the lower arc surface of the arch frame, is used to fit the arch frame before shotcreting to form a mold cavity; and A transition component, which is connected to a first trolley via a first adjustment component, and connected to a fitting template via a translation mechanism; The translation mechanism includes a linear slide rail and a slider. One of the fitting template and the transition component is provided with a linear slide rail, and the other is provided with a slider. The fitting template and the transition component generate relative movement to adjust the relative position between the fitting template and the first adjustment component in the width direction of the arch frame.

2. The annular shotcrete device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transition component includes: A first transition piece, the first transition piece being connected to the fitting template via a translation mechanism; and The second transition member has one side hinged to the first transition member, and the side of the second transition member away from the first transition member is connected to the first adjustment assembly.

3. The annular shotcrete device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transition component also includes: The first telescopic mechanism has two ends that are respectively hinged to the same end of the first transition member and the second transition member, and the end is located in the width direction of the arch frame.

4. The annular shotcrete device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first adjustment component includes: A second telescopic mechanism, one end of which is connected to the first trolley and the other end to the second transition piece, is used to adjust the relative distance between the fitting template and the arch frame; and The third telescopic mechanism has one end hinged to the first trolley or the second telescopic mechanism, and the other end hinged to the fitting template; Wherein, the plane in which the third telescopic mechanism drives the template to swing is perpendicular to the plane in which the first telescopic mechanism drives the template to swing.

5. The annular shotcrete device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment component includes: A connecting bracket, which is correspondingly arranged with the shotcrete assembly, has one end connected to the template assembly; and A rotary mechanism is provided, which is correspondingly provided with the connecting bracket, and the rotary mechanism is provided at the end of the connecting bracket away from the template assembly; The rotary mechanism is connected to one of the shotcrete components.

6. A ring-shaped shotcrete system, characterized in that, include: At least one annular shotcrete device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; A shotcrete arm device, the shotcrete arm device including a second trolley; as well as An arc-shaped track is provided on the lower side of the arch frame and has a shape that fits the arc surface of the arch frame; The first and second trolleys are both mounted on an arc-shaped track and can move relative to the arc-shaped track. The shotcrete arm equipment also includes: A second adjustment component, the second adjustment component being connected to a second trolley; and A shotcrete arm body, wherein the shotcrete arm body is disposed on the second adjustment assembly; The second adjustment component is used to drive the shotcrete arm body to align with the position to be shotcreted.

7. The annular shotcrete system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The ring-shaped shotcrete equipment consists of two parts, namely the first part and the second part; The first device and the second device are located on both sides of the shotcrete arm device, respectively.

8. A ring-shaped shotcrete process, characterized in that, Based on the annular shotcrete system as described in claim 6, the annular shotcrete equipment comprises one unit, and the shotcrete process includes the following steps: Drive the first trolley to one of the lower ends of the curved track; The position of the template assembly is adjusted by the first adjustment component so that the template assembly fits the arch frame and forms a mold cavity before spraying. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly so that its nozzle is pointing towards the lower end of the shotcrete assembly. Start the shotcrete assembly to drive the first trolley from the lower end of the arc track to the upper end of the arc track; The circular shotcrete equipment stops spraying and drives the formwork assembly away from the arch frame; Drive the first trolley to the other lower end of the curved track; Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly so that its nozzle is pointing towards the lower end of the shotcrete assembly. Similarly, the shotcrete operation is completed as the first trolley moves from the lower end to the upper end of the curved track. After the ring shotcrete equipment completes the shotcrete operation, there is a gap between two adjacent arch frames that needs to be shotcreted. Drive the second trolley to the high end of the curved track; The second adjustment component adjusts the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body, aligning its nozzle with the gap to be sprayed, and completes the shotcrete operation.

9. A ring-shaped shotcrete process, characterized in that, Based on the annular shotcrete system as described in claim 7, the shotcrete process includes the following steps: Drive the first device to one of the lower ends of the curved track; The position of the template assembly of the first device is adjusted by the first adjustment component of the first device, so that the template assembly of the first device fits the arch frame and forms a mold cavity before spraying. Adjust the spraying direction of the shotcrete assembly of the first device so that its nozzle is facing the lower end of the shotcrete assembly of the first device; Start the shotcrete assembly of the first device to drive the first trolley of the first device to move from the lower end of the arc track to the upper end of the arc track; The first device stops spraying mortar, and the formwork assembly of the first device is driven away from the arch frame; Drive the second device to the other lower end of the curved track; The same shotcrete operation as the first equipment is performed using the second equipment. After the first and second equipment complete the shotcreting operation, there is a gap in the middle of two adjacent arch frames to be shotcreted. Drive the second trolley to the high end of the curved track; The second adjustment component adjusts the spraying direction of the shotcrete arm body, aligning its nozzle with the gap to be sprayed, and completes the shotcrete operation.

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