A loading device for applying a torsional load

Abstract

The application discloses a loading device for applying a torsional load, which is characterized in that a first limiting part is arranged on a base to fix a first driving wheel of an escalator step in a first direction and a second direction, so that the first driving wheel is in a fixed state and the position of the first driving wheel is ensured not to move. A second limiting part is arranged to limit two driven wheels in the second direction, so that the two driven wheels can only be dragged in the first direction and cannot jump in the second direction, thereby avoiding the whole escalator from jumping off the loading device and simulating the state of a real escalator running along a track during operation. A first loading part is arranged to apply a pulling force in the first direction to a second driving wheel, so that the second driving wheel is twisted along the pulling force, the step is deformed, a displacement sensor is arranged to measure the deformation in the vertical direction, and the strength of the step is evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of escalator technology, and more particularly to a loading device for applying torsional loads. Background Technology

[0002] The test requirements for the static load test of escalators in Section 5.3.3.2.1 of the escalator standard "Safety Code for the Manufacture and Installation of Escalators and Moving Walks" (GB16899-2011) are as follows: The escalator steps shall undergo a bending deformation test. The test method involves applying a 3000N force (including the weight of the pad) vertically to the center of the tread surface of the step through a steel pad. The pad shall have an area of ​​0.2m × 0.3m and a thickness of at least 25mm, with one 0.2m side parallel to the leading edge of the step and the other 0.3m side perpendicular to the leading edge of the step. The 3000N load applied only considers the normal weight of passengers, luggage, and the step itself.

[0003] In practice, the "bending deformation test" is often used as a method to evaluate the strength of escalators. However, the bending deformation test only verifies whether the structural stiffness of the escalator can ensure that the deformation caused by the escalator under normal loads does not exceed the dimensional requirements for normal meshing between the escalator and the comb plate; it cannot directly evaluate the strength of the escalator. During escalator operation, if the chain on one side of the escalator becomes jammed, the escalator will be subjected to additional torsional loads under the drive of the chain on the other side, which may lead to escalator fracture failure. Existing loading methods cannot detect the torsional deformation when the escalator becomes jammed, posing a potential risk to escalator verification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a loading device for applying torsional loads, which aims to solve the problem in the prior art that the torsional deformation when an escalator becomes stuck cannot be detected, thus posing a hidden danger to the verification of the steps.

[0005] The loading device for applying torsional loads provided by this invention is used to apply loads to a first driving wheel, a second driving wheel, and two driven wheels spaced apart on both sides of an escalator step. The second driving wheel further includes a second driving wheel axle arranged longitudinally on both sides of the second driving wheel, comprising:

[0006] The base includes a first support plate and a second support plate arranged longitudinally at intervals. The first support plate and the second support plate extend along a first direction. The first support plate is used to place a first driving wheel and a driven wheel arranged at intervals. The second support plate is used to place a second driving wheel and another driven wheel arranged at intervals.

[0007] A first limiting part is provided on the first support plate and is used to limit the first driving wheel in the first direction and the second direction.

[0008] A first loading section, disposed on the second support plate, is used to support the second driving wheel and apply a tensile force to the second driving wheel in a first direction; and

[0009] The second limiting part includes two first limiting members respectively disposed on the first support plate and the second support plate. The two first limiting members are used to limit the two driven wheels in a second direction.

[0010] The first direction is set at an angle to the lateral direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first support plate or the second support plate.

[0011] Optionally, the first limiting part includes a first fixing member disposed on the first support plate, the first fixing member being used to limit the first drive wheel in a first direction and a second direction.

[0012] Optionally, the first limiting member includes two first limiting clamps arranged longitudinally at intervals, the two first limiting clamps being used to abut against the first driving wheel to clamp the first driving wheel.

[0013] Optionally, the two second limiting members each include two second limiting clamps that extend along the first direction and are spaced apart along the second direction. The two second limiting clamps are used to cooperate with the outer circumference of the driven wheel to limit the driven wheel in the second direction.

[0014] Optionally, the clearance of the clearance fit is 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the first loading part includes two chain plates, a loading member and an application member. The two chain plates are arranged longitudinally at intervals and extend in a first direction. The chain plates have a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the first direction. The first end is used to connect to the axle of the second drive wheel, and the second end connects the loading plate and the application member.

[0016] The loading member is disposed between the two chain plates, and the applying member is disposed on the side of the loading member closer to the second end.

[0017] Optionally, the loading component includes a first loading plate, a second loading plate, and a pressure sensor, wherein the two ends of the second loading plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two chain plates, and a pull rod extending along a first direction is also provided on the second loading plate, with the end of the pull rod away from the second loading plate connected to the loading component;

[0018] The first loading plate is movably disposed between the two chain plates and located on the side of the second loading plate closer to the first end. The first loading plate is connected to the loading member through the pull rod.

[0019] The pressure sensor is located between the first loading plate and the second loading plate, and can be movably abutted against the first loading plate and the second loading plate. The pressure sensor also has a through hole in the middle for the pull rod to pass through. The pressure sensor provides real-time feedback of the loading force, thereby realizing the loading of the ladder step with a preset load.

[0020] Optionally, the loading component includes a positioning plate and a nut;

[0021] The positioning plate includes a bottom plate disposed between the second support plate and the loading member and extending along a first direction, and a side plate disposed on the side of the second loading plate opposite to the first loading plate, connected to the bottom plate and extending along a second direction. The side plate is provided with a through hole for the pull rod to pass through.

[0022] The nut is located on the side of the side plate opposite to the second loading plate, and the pull rod is also provided with threads to cooperate with the nut in order to apply tension to the pull rod.

[0023] Optionally, the loading device for applying torsional load further includes a displacement sensor to measure the displacement of the steps before and after loading, and to measure the deformation of the escalator steps.

[0024] Optionally, the displacement sensor may include any one of a dial gauge, a laser displacement sensor, and a three-dimensional image strain-displacement measuring device.

[0025] By fixing the first driving wheel of the escalator step in both the first and second directions using a first limiting part on the base, the first driving wheel is kept in a fixed state, i.e., locked in its original position, ensuring that the position of the first driving wheel does not move. The second limiting part limits the two driven wheels in the second direction, ensuring that the two driven wheels can only be dragged in the first direction and will not jump in the second direction, preventing the entire escalator from jumping off the loading device, simulating the state of other escalators running along the track during operation. A first loading part applies a tensile force in the first direction to the second driving wheel, causing the second driving wheel to undergo a torsional load along the tensile force, resulting in torsional deformation of the steps. The vertical deformation is measured by a displacement sensor to evaluate the strength of the steps. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1This is a left view of a loading device for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a right view of a loading device for applying torsional loads according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first loading part of a loading device for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensor structure of a loading device for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 The loading force curve of the loading device for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the embodiments provided in this invention:

[0033]

[0034] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. Furthermore, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, or solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The test requirements for the static load test of escalators in Section 5.3.3.2.1 of the escalator standard "Safety Code for the Manufacture and Installation of Escalators and Moving Walks" (GB16899-2011) are as follows: The escalator steps shall undergo a bending deformation test. The test method involves applying a 3000N force (including the weight of the pad) vertically to the center of the tread surface of the step through a steel pad. The pad shall have an area of ​​0.2m × 0.3m and a thickness of at least 25mm, with one 0.2m side parallel to the leading edge of the step and the other 0.3m side perpendicular to the leading edge of the step. The 3000N load applied only considers the normal weight of passengers, luggage, and the step itself.

[0037] In practice, the "bending deformation test" is often used as a method to evaluate the strength of escalators. The bending deformation test only verifies whether the structural stiffness of the escalator can ensure that the deformation caused by the escalator under normal load does not exceed the dimensional requirements for normal meshing between the escalator and the comb plate; it cannot directly evaluate the strength of the escalator. During escalator operation, if one side of the escalator chain becomes jammed, the escalator will be subjected to additional torsional loads under the drive of the other side's chain, which may lead to escalator fracture failure. Existing loading methods cannot detect the torsional deformation when the escalator becomes jammed, posing a potential hazard to escalator verification. Therefore, this invention proposes a loading device 100 for applying torsional loads, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot detect the torsional deformation when the escalator becomes jammed, thus posing a potential hazard to escalator verification. Among other things, Figure 1 Left view of a loading device 100 for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Right view of a loading device 100 for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first loading part 3 of a loading device 100 for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensor 323 of a loading device 100 for applying torsional loads according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a loading force curve of a loading device 100 for applying torsional load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] A loading device 100 for applying torsional loads is used to apply loads to a first driving wheel 201, a second driving wheel 202, and two driven wheels 203 spaced apart on both sides of an escalator step 200. The second driving wheel 202 further includes a second driving wheel 202 axle arranged longitudinally on both sides of the second driving wheel 202. The device includes a base 1, a first limiting part 2, a first loading part 3, and a second limiting part 4. The base 1 includes a first support plate 11 and a second support plate 12 spaced apart longitudinally. The first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 extend along a first direction. The first support plate 11 is used to place the spaced-apart first driving wheel 201 and a driven wheel 203. The second support plate 11... 12 is used to place a second driving wheel 202 and another driven wheel 203 spaced apart; to limit the first driving wheel 201 in a first direction and a second direction; the first loading part 3 is provided on the second support plate 12, used to support the second driving wheel 202 and apply tension to the second driving wheel 202 in the first direction; the second limiting part 4 includes two first limiting members 41 respectively provided on the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, the two first limiting members 41 are respectively used to limit the two driven wheels 203 in the second direction; the first direction is set at an angle to the transverse direction, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the first support plate 11 or the second support plate 12.

[0039] It should be noted that the angle between the first direction and the horizontal direction can be set according to the inclination of the escalator during actual use, so as to simulate the actual operation of the escalator to the greatest extent and make the measurement of torsional load more accurate.

[0040] In the technical solution of this invention, a first limiting part 2 is provided on the base 1 to fix the first driving wheel 201 of the escalator step 200 in a first direction and a second direction, so that the first driving wheel 201 is in a fixed state, that is, locked in its original position, ensuring that the position of the first driving wheel 201 does not move. The second limiting part 4 limits the two driven wheels 203 in the second direction, so that the two driven wheels 203 can only be dragged in the first direction and will not jump in the second direction, preventing the entire escalator from jumping off the loading device, simulating the state of other escalators running along the track during operation, and more realistically reflecting the escalator's movement state. A first loading part 3 applies a tensile force in the first direction to the second driving wheel 202, causing the second driving wheel 202 to be subjected to a torsional load along the tensile force, resulting in torsional deformation of the step. The vertical deformation is measured by a displacement sensor to evaluate the strength of the step.

[0041] Furthermore, the first limiting part 2 includes a first fixing member 21 disposed on the first support plate 11. The first fixing member 21 is used to limit the first drive wheel 201 in a first direction and a second direction. By fixing the first drive wheel 201 in the first direction and a second direction by the first fixing member 21, the first drive wheel 201 can be locked in the first direction and a second direction, simulating the situation where the drive wheel is stuck, and realistically reflecting the torsion of the escalator.

[0042] Furthermore, the first limiting member 41 includes two first limiting clamps 211 arranged longitudinally at intervals. The two first limiting clamps 211 are used to abut against the first driving wheel 201 to clamp the first driving wheel 201. By clamping the first driving wheel 201, the first driving wheel 201 cannot move in the first direction and the second direction. The two limiting clamps can be respectively disposed on both sides of the axle of the first driving wheel 201 for limiting.

[0043] Furthermore, each of the two second limiting members includes two second limiting clamps 411 extending along the first direction and spaced apart along the second direction. The two second limiting clamps 411 are used to engage with the outer circumference of the driven wheel 203 with a clearance to limit the driven wheel 203 in the second direction. By engaging with the outer circumference of the driven wheel 203 with the two second limiting clamps 411 with a clearance, the driven wheel 203 can move within the track defined between the two second limiting clamps 411, preventing it from jumping in the second direction and avoiding slippage of the entire ladder step. At the same time, the clearance fit does not interfere with the movement of the two driven wheels 203, making the measured torsional deformation more accurate.

[0044] Furthermore, the clearance of the clearance fit is 0.5–1 mm. This ensures that the clearance fit does not interfere with the movement of the two driven wheels 203, making the measured torsional deformation more accurate, and also prevents the driven wheels 203 from jumping out in the second direction.

[0045] Further, the first loading part 3 includes two chain plates 31, a loading member 32, and an application member 33. The two chain plates 31 are arranged longitudinally at intervals and extend along a first direction. Each chain plate 31 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the first direction. The first end is used to connect to the axle of the second drive wheel 202, and the second end connects the loading plate and the application member 33. The loading member 32 is disposed between the two chain plates 31, and the application member 33 is disposed on the side of the loading member 32 near the second end. The application member 33 drives the loading member 32 to apply force to the chain plates 31 through the pull rod 3211. The tension is transmitted to the axle of the second drive wheel 202 through the chain plates 31, thereby driving the second drive wheel 202 to move along the first direction. At this time, the first drive wheel 201 is in a stationary state, and the second drive wheel 202 is under tension, thereby deforming on the axle. The two chain plates 31 are respectively connected to the axles on both sides of the second drive wheel 202, making the force more even.

[0046] Further, the loading member 32 includes a first loading plate 321, a second loading plate 322, and a pressure sensor 323. The two ends of the second loading plate 322 are fixedly connected to the two chain plates 31, and a pull rod 3211 extending in a first direction is also passed through the second loading plate 322. The end of the pull rod 3211 away from the second loading plate 322 is connected to the application member 33. The first loading plate 321 is movably disposed between the two chain plates 31 and located on the side of the second loading plate 322 closer to the first end. The first loading plate 321 is connected to the application member 33 via the pull rod 3211. The pressure sensor 323 is located between the first loading plate 321 and the second loading plate 322, and is movably abutting against the first loading plate 321 and the second loading plate 322. The pressure sensor 323 also has a through hole in the middle for the pull rod 3211 to pass through. The first loading plate 321, the second loading plate 322, and the pressure sensor 323 are connected by a pull rod 3211, so that the pressure applied by the loading member 33 is transmitted to the first loading plate 321 through the pull rod 3211. The first loading plate 321 is movably arranged between the two chain plates 31, so that the first loading member 32 moves closer to the second loading member 32. On the one hand, it drives the second loading plate 322 to move, which indirectly drives the wheel axis of the second drive wheel 202 to move in the first direction. On the other hand, since the second loading plate 322 is fixed between the two chain plates 31, when the first loading plate 321 moves, it will squeeze the pressure sensor 323 placed between the first loading plate 321 and the second loading plate 322, thereby measuring the applied pressure.

[0047] The pressure sensor 323 operates on the principle that the resistance of a strain gauge changes as it deforms. It mainly consists of four parts: an elastic element, a strain gauge, a measuring circuit, and a transmission cable. The strain gauge is attached to the elastic element. When the elastic element deforms under force, the strain gauge deforms accordingly, causing a change in resistance. The measuring circuit measures the change in strain gauge resistance and converts it into an electrical signal proportional to the magnitude of the external force. After processing, the electrical signal is displayed digitally as the force value of the measured object.

[0048] Further, the loading member 33 includes a positioning plate 331 and a nut 332; the positioning plate 331 includes a bottom plate 3311 disposed between the second support plate 12 and the loading member 32 and extending along a first direction, and a side plate 3312 disposed on the side of the second loading plate 322 away from the first loading plate 321 and connected to the bottom plate 3311 and extending along a second direction, the side plate 3312 is provided with a through hole for the pull rod 3211 to pass through; the nut 332 is located on the side of the side plate 3312 away from the second loading plate 322, and the pull rod 3211 is also provided with threads for cooperating with the nut 332 to apply tension to the pull rod 3211. By providing a nut 332 that engages with the threaded connection on the pull rod 3211 on one side of the side plate 3312, the tension can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut 332, thereby increasing or decreasing the applied tension. At the same time, the nut 332 can fix the pull rod 3211 in a set position, so that the applied tension is constant.

[0049] Furthermore, the loading device 100 for applying torsional load also includes a displacement sensor to measure the displacement of the steps before and after loading, and to measure the deformation of the escalator steps 200. The displacement sensor allows for the measurement of the torsional deformation of the escalator steps 200, facilitating intuitive measurement. Specifically, as... Figure 5 As shown, the displacement of the back of the ladder before and after loading can be measured using a displacement sensor to obtain the loading force. The pressure sensor 323 receives a 10V input voltage and monitors the pressure value through voltage changes at its output terminal, transmitting the data to a signal amplifier. The signal amplifier amplifies the signal and transmits it to a data acquisition card, which is connected to a computer. Measurement and analysis software is used to record the load data. The applied force is adjusted based on the measured data to achieve the application of torsional load to the ladder.

[0050] Furthermore, the displacement sensor includes any one of a dial gauge, a laser displacement sensor, and a three-dimensional image strain-displacement measuring device. Different types of displacement sensors can be used to obtain the required displacement data.

[0051] In summary, this invention fixes the first drive wheel 201 of the escalator step 200 in both a first and second direction by setting a first limiting part 2 on the base 1, thus keeping the first drive wheel 201 in a fixed state, i.e., locked in its original position, ensuring that the position of the first drive wheel 201 does not move. The second limiting part 4 limits the two driven wheels 203 in the second direction, ensuring that the two driven wheels 203 can only be dragged in the first direction and will not jump in the second direction, preventing the entire escalator from jumping off the loading device. Simultaneously, it can simulate the state of other escalators running along the track during operation, more realistically reflecting the escalator's motion state. The first loading part applies a tensile force in the first direction to the second drive wheel, causing the second drive wheel to undergo a torsional load along the tensile force, resulting in torsional deformation of the step. The vertical deformation is measured by a displacement sensor to evaluate the strength of the step.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading device for applying torsional loads, used to apply loads to a first driving wheel, a second driving wheel, and two driven wheels spaced apart on both sides of an escalator step, wherein the second driving wheel further includes a second driving wheel axle arranged longitudinally on both sides of the second driving wheel, characterized in that, The loading device for applying torsional load includes: The base includes a first support plate and a second support plate arranged longitudinally at intervals. The first support plate and the second support plate extend along a first direction. The first support plate is used to place a first driving wheel and a driven wheel arranged at intervals. The second support plate is used to place a second driving wheel and another driven wheel arranged at intervals. A first limiting part is provided on the first support plate and is used to limit the first driving wheel in the first direction and the second direction. A first loading section, disposed on the second support plate, is used to support the second driving wheel and apply a tensile force to the second driving wheel in a first direction; and The second limiting part includes two first limiting members respectively disposed on the first support plate and the second support plate. The two first limiting members are used to limit the two driven wheels in the second direction so that the two driven wheels will not jump in the second direction and the entire step will not slip off. The first direction is set at an angle to the lateral direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first support plate or the second support plate.

2. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting part includes a first fixing member disposed on the first support plate, the first fixing member being used to limit the first drive wheel in a first direction and a second direction.

3. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixing member includes two first limiting clamps arranged longitudinally at intervals, and the two first limiting clamps are used to abut against the first driving wheel to clamp the first driving wheel.

4. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two first limiting members each include two second limiting clamps that extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction. The two second limiting clamps are used to cooperate with the outer circumference of the driven wheel to limit the driven wheel in the second direction.

5. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The clearance of the clearance fit is 0.5~1mm.

6. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first loading part includes two chain plates, a loading member and an application member. The two chain plates are arranged longitudinally at intervals and extend along a first direction. The chain plates have a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the first direction. The first end is used to connect to the axle of the second drive wheel, and the second end connects the loading member and the application member. The loading member is disposed between the two chain plates, and the applying member is disposed on the side of the loading member closer to the second end.

7. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The loading component includes a first loading plate, a second loading plate, and a pressure sensor. The two ends of the second loading plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two chain plates. A pull rod extending along a first direction is also passed through the second loading plate. The end of the pull rod away from the second loading plate is connected to the loading component. The first loading plate is movably disposed between the two chain plates and located on the side of the second loading plate closer to the first end. The first loading plate is connected to the loading member through the pull rod. The pressure sensor is located between the first loading plate and the second loading plate, and can be movably abutted against the first loading plate and the second loading plate. The pressure sensor also has a through hole in the middle for the pull rod to pass through. The pressure sensor provides real-time feedback of the loading force, thereby realizing the loading of the ladder step with a preset load.

8. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The loading component includes a positioning plate and a nut; The positioning plate includes a bottom plate disposed between the second support plate and the loading member and extending along a first direction, and a side plate disposed on the side of the second loading plate opposite to the first loading plate, connected to the bottom plate and extending along a second direction. The side plate is provided with a through hole for the pull rod to pass through. The nut is located on the side of the side plate opposite to the second loading plate, and the pull rod is also provided with threads to cooperate with the nut in order to apply tension to the pull rod.

9. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading device for applying torsional load also includes a displacement sensor to measure the displacement of the steps before and after loading, and to measure the deformation of the escalator steps.

10. The loading device for applying torsional load as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The displacement sensor includes any one of a dial gauge, a laser displacement sensor, and a three-dimensional image strain-displacement measuring device.

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