A multi-cut seam cartridge case explosion crack face propagation quantitative analysis test system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multi-cut seam cartridge explosion crack surface extension quantitative analysis test system and method, belong to the technical field of explosion crack analysis, can simultaneously observe the explosion crack surface extension process in two dimensions, real-time obtain clear, accurate crack surface extension image, realize explosion crack surface extension quantitative analysis;The system includes optical path acquisition subsystem, explosion crack model body, loading frame and initiator;The loading frame is used to fix the explosion crack model body, realize the up and down and left and right movement of explosion crack model body;The explosion crack model body is organic glass block with multi-cut seam cartridge built-in, for explosion to obtain the crack sample to be analyzed;The initiator is used to detonate the multi-cut seam cartridge in the explosion crack model body;The optical path acquisition subsystem includes optical path module and acquisition module;The optical path module is used to generate light line meeting image acquisition;The acquisition module is used to collect the explosion crack data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosion crack analysis, and in particular to a quantitative analysis test system and method for explosion crack surface expansion of a multi-slit explosive package. Background Art

[0002] The technology for directional crack control in multi-slit charge explosions is widely used in engineering. However, the crack propagation process is transient, and rock is a non-transparent medium. Previous analyses of explosion cracks typically used cement mortar models and rock materials. The cracks in these models were not visible, making it impossible to analyze the crack propagation process. Only the post-explosion effects could be analyzed, making it difficult to trace the formation process and causes of the explosion cracks. Plexiglas, on the other hand, has mechanical properties similar to those of rock and is transparent. Current methods for analyzing the mechanical properties of crack propagation include the caustic method, photoelasticity, and digital image correlation. The caustic method can only calculate the stress intensity factor at the crack tip in a planar model, while the photoelastic method can study the stress field variation within the specimen. Digital image correlation can analyze the strain field on the specimen surface. However, it is difficult to measure the crack surface development process in a multi-slit charge explosion in a three-dimensional model. For example, if plexiglass is made into a three-dimensional model for explosion testing, the detonation of the explosives and the expansion of cracks in different positions of the blast hole can be observed in real time, which is conducive to analyzing the blasting principles reflected by the experimental phenomena.

[0003] Chinese patent CN109959570A discloses an explosion loading electrical measurement-dynamic photoelasticity hybrid experimental system, which measures the explosion stress field and cracks in a planar model and cannot meet the measurement requirements of the crack surface in a three-dimensional model.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a quantitative analysis test system and method for the crack surface propagation of a multi-slit charge explosion to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a quantitative analysis test system and method for the expansion of explosive crack surfaces in multi-slit explosive packages, which simultaneously observes the explosion crack surface expansion process in two dimensions of a model. A high-speed photography system is composed of a laser and a high-speed camera, and combined with a field mirror, an explosive loading device, an initiator and a synchronous controller to obtain clear and accurate crack surface expansion images in real time, achieving a breakthrough in the quantitative analysis test system for crack surface expansion under explosive loading.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a quantitative analysis test system for explosive crack surface expansion of a multi-slit charge, the system comprising: an optical path acquisition subsystem, an explosive crack model, a loading frame, and an initiator;

[0007] The loading frame is used for fixing the explosion crack model body and realizing up-down and left-right movement of the explosion crack model body to adjust the position of the model in the light path.

[0008] The explosion crack model body is an organic glass block with a multi-slit charge package inside, which is used to obtain a crack sample to be analyzed by explosion.

[0009] The initiator is connected with the multi-slit charge package in the explosion crack model body and is used to detonate the multi-slit charge package in the explosion crack model body.

[0010] The light path acquisition subsystem includes a light path module and an acquisition module; the light path module is used to generate light rays meeting the image acquisition; and the acquisition module is used to acquire explosion crack data.

[0011] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, an implementation manner is further provided, the multi-slit charge package includes a slit tube, an explosive charge package and colored powder; the explosive charge package is arranged in the slit tube, and the colored powder is filled between the explosive charge package and the slit tube.

[0012] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, an implementation manner is further provided, the light path module includes a first light path component and a second light path component.

[0013] The first light path component includes a first laser, a first beam expander, a first plano-convex mirror and a second plano-convex mirror; the first plano-convex mirror and the second plano-convex mirror are arranged on two sides of the explosion crack model body; the first laser and the first beam expander are arranged on the same side of the first plano-convex mirror; and the first laser, the first beam expander, the first plano-convex mirror and the second plano-convex mirror are sequentially and optically connected to form a first light path.

[0014] The second light path component includes a second laser, a second beam expander, a third plano-convex mirror and a fourth plano-convex mirror; the third plano-convex mirror and the fourth plano-convex mirror are arranged on the other two sides of the explosion crack model body; the second laser and the second beam expander are arranged on the same side of the third plano-convex mirror; and the second laser, the second beam expander, the third plano-convex mirror and the fourth plano-convex mirror are sequentially and optically connected to form a second light path.

[0015] The first light path and the second light path are in the same horizontal plane and perpendicular to each other, and the explosion crack model body is arranged at the intersection of the two light paths.

[0016] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, an implementation manner is further provided, the acquisition module includes a first acquisition module and a second acquisition module.

[0017] The first acquisition module comprises a first camera and a first computer; the first camera is optically connected with the second plano-convex mirror and is in communication connection with the first computer, and is configured to acquire the optical signal transmitted from the second plano-convex mirror and transmit the optical signal to the first computer;

[0018] The second acquisition module comprises a second camera and a second computer; the second camera is optically connected with the fourth plano-convex mirror and is in communication connection with the second computer, and is configured to acquire the optical signal transmitted from the fourth plano-convex mirror and transmit the optical signal to the second computer.

[0019] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, wherein the system further comprises a synchronization controller;

[0020] The synchronization controller is connected with the initiator, the first camera and the second camera, and sends a control signal to the initiator, the first camera and the second camera to control the initiator to detonate the explosive in the multi-slit charge and to make the first camera and the second camera start the acquisition simultaneously.

[0021] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, wherein the laser light rays between the first plano-convex mirror and the second plano-convex mirror are parallel light rays.

[0022] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, wherein the laser light rays between the third plano-convex mirror and the fourth plano-convex mirror are parallel light rays.

[0023] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, wherein the organic glass block of the explosion crack model body is provided with a blast hole for placing the multi-slit charge into the organic glass block; after the placement is completed, the blast hole is blocked by a mixture of sand and glue.

[0024] According to the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provided is an implementation manner, wherein the slit tube is a three-slit tube or a four-slit tube.

[0025] In another aspect, the present application provides a test method using the multi-slit charge explosion crack face expansion quantitative analysis test system as described above, and the steps of the method comprise:

[0026] S1, placing the multi-slit charge into the organic glass block and blocking the blast hole to obtain an explosion crack model body;

[0027] S2, fixing the explosion crack model body on the loading frame and adjusting the position, and ensuring that the lead wire of the multi-slit charge is connected with the initiator;

[0028] S3, turn on the first laser and the second laser, and keep for more than half an hour to ensure that the light source is stable;

[0029] S4, turn on the first camera and the second camera, and complete the focusing and sampling parameter setting;

[0030] S5, use the initiator to detonate the multi-cut seam explosive package, and use the first camera and the second camera to collect images of the explosion process.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the present application can quantitatively analyze the expansion process of the crack surface in the three-dimensional model, uses a laser as a light source, a high-speed camera as a recording device, and a field lens to provide a parallel light field, and only needs to change the shooting parameters of the high-speed camera to monitor the expansion process of the explosion crack surface in two dimensions of the organic glass three-dimensional model in real time. In order to trace the driving effect of the explosion gas on the explosion crack, a layer of colored powder is uniformly filled between the blast hole and the explosive package, so that the expansion mechanism of the colored powder driven by the explosion gas into the explosion crack surface after the explosive is initiated can be studied.

[0032] Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all the technical effects described above when implementing any product of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 is a principle diagram of a multi-cut seam explosive package explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 is an assembly structure schematic diagram of an explosion loading frame and a model fixing device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 is an assembly structure schematic diagram of a model and a slit tube provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] In the drawings:

[0038] 1, first laser; 2, first beam expander; 3, first plano-convex mirror; 4, second plano-convex mirror; 5, first high-speed camera; 6, first computer; 7, second laser; 8, second beam expander; 9, third plano-convex mirror; 10, fourth plano-convex mirror; 11, second high-speed camera; 12, second computer; 13, model body; 14, loading frame; 15, initiator; 16, synchronous controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] This study utilizes two optical systems to observe the propagation of cracks in two mutually perpendicular directions within a three-dimensional organic glass model. Furthermore, to trace the driving effect of explosive gases on explosive cracking, a layer of colored powder is uniformly filled between the blasthole and the explosive charge. This allows analysis of the entire process of the explosive gases driving the colored powder into the cracks.

[0042] The present invention provides a quantitative analysis test system for crack surface expansion in explosions of multi-slit explosive packages. The system comprises two sets of identical optical systems placed perpendicular to each other, each system comprising: a laser, a beam expander, two plano-convex mirrors, a high-speed camera, and a computer. In addition, the system is equipped with an explosive loading device, a detonator, and a synchronous controller. The laser emits a point light source of a certain intensity, which remains constantly on during the experiment. The laser forms radiated light through the beam expander, and then forms parallel light after passing through the plano-convex mirror. The light beam is then irradiated onto a model body, and then converged into a high-speed camera through the plano-convex mirror. During the experiment, the cameras in two directions are focused on the blasthole in the model body. The detonator and the two high-speed cameras are controlled by a synchronous controller. An external trigger is used to sequentially trigger the detonator and the two high-speed cameras, so that images of the entire blasting process can be simultaneously captured. The output of the synchronization controller is connected to the detonator, the first high-speed camera, and the second high-speed camera, sending a 5V time-to-live (TTL) signal to the detonator, the first high-speed camera, and the second high-speed camera. First, the detonator detonates the explosive in the charge, and then the first and second high-speed cameras begin collecting data simultaneously. Typically, a time difference is set between the two cameras to ensure that the high-speed cameras can capture and record complete data. This system can analyze the propagation of explosive cracks in two dimensions of a model. Its simple optical system and high experimental precision suggest promising applications.

[0043] The present invention uses a laser and a high-speed camera as the experimental light source and data acquisition equipment. This is because the laser is a point light source with high intensity. Since the blasting process lasts for a very short time, the effective expansion time of the explosion crack is usually about 100 μs, and the explosion crack expansion speed is about 500 m / s or even higher. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of smearing, the exposure time of the high-speed camera is required to be short, so the light intensity needs to be large enough to ensure sufficient exposure. At the same time, the performance of the high-speed camera should be considered when selecting the laser, and the laser corresponding to the wavelength that best matches the light sensitivity should be selected. The field lens is two plano-convex mirrors. Since the light between the two field lenses is parallel, the field lens size should be larger than the model size to ensure that the high-speed camera can capture complete photos of the model without distortion.

[0044] The explosive loading device and the synchronous control system are used to make an explosive loading platform (i.e., the loading frame 14 in the attached figure). The platform position can be adjusted up, down, left, and right. After the model body is fixed to the platform, the position of the model body can be determined by adjusting the platform according to the experimental light path requirements. At the same time, in order to ensure that the model body can maintain the designed position during the experiment, the model body needs to be fixed, but the light path cannot be blocked through the surface of the model body. The synchronous control system is used to connect the detonator and the two cameras to achieve one-button control of them, saving manpower and making it easier to determine the detonation time of the explosives.

[0045] In addition, in order to trace the driving effect of explosive gas on explosive cracks, a layer of colored powder is evenly filled between the blasthole and the charge, and the effect of the explosive gas driving the colored powder on the expansion of the explosive crack surface can be analyzed.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a quantitative analysis test system for the crack surface expansion of a multi-slit explosive charge includes a first laser 1, a first beam expander 2, a first plano-convex mirror 3, a second plano-convex mirror 4, a first high-speed camera 5, a first computer 6, a second laser 7, a second beam expander 8, a third plano-convex mirror 9, a fourth plano-convex mirror 10, a second high-speed camera 11, a second computer 12, a model body 13, a loading frame 14, an initiator 15 and a synchronization controller 16.

[0047] In optical path 1, the output end of the first laser 1 is positioned adjacent to the first beam expander 2. The laser beam is formed into radiated light by the first beam expander 2. A first plano-convex mirror 3, located near the first beam expander 2 in the field lens, converts the radiated light from the first beam expander 2 into parallel light. The light is then converged by a second plano-convex mirror 4 and imaged by a first high-speed camera 5. The data is recorded in a first computer 6. The experimental principles and placement of optical path 2 are identical to those of optical path 1, differing only in the orientation of the two optical paths. Optical path 1 and optical path 2 are located in the same plane and perpendicular to each other. A loading frame 14 is positioned between the first plano-convex mirror 3, the second plano-convex mirror 4, the third plano-convex mirror 9, and the fourth plano-convex mirror 10, at the intersection of the two optical paths and within the two parallel optical paths. A model body 13 is positioned on the loading frame 14 and secured to ensure that the model remains in position during the experiment. The charge fuse in the model body 13 is connected to the detonator 15. The detonator 15, the first high-speed camera 5 and the second high-speed camera 11 are all connected to the synchronous controller 16. During the experiment, the synchronous controller 16 controls the detonation of the explosives by the detonator 15 and the collection of data by the first high-speed camera 5 and the second high-speed camera 11. External triggering is used to achieve simultaneous collection of experimental data, which are stored in the first computer 6 and the second computer 12 respectively.

[0048] During the experiment, the first laser 1 and the second laser 7 were first turned on for at least half an hour to ensure the stability of the light sources. The first and second high-speed cameras 5 and 11 were then turned on to focus on the blastholes on the model body 13. Parameters such as exposure time, sampling frequency, and external triggering were set in computer software, and the model body was secured. The model body was constructed from a cube-shaped organic glass block with an internal cavity and a blasthole at the top. The prepared slit tube, charge, and colored powder were then sequentially loaded into the cavity of the model body 13 through the blastholes. The blastholes were then sealed with sand and 502 glue. The model was left for two hours. Once the 502 glue and sand mixture had reached a certain strength, the test was performed. The explosive fuse was then connected to the initiator 15. Finally, a synchronous control system is used to control the detonator 15, the first high-speed camera 5, and the second high-speed camera 11, so that the two high-speed cameras collect data simultaneously. Specifically, the output end of the synchronous controller is connected to the detonator, the first high-speed camera, and the second high-speed camera, and sends a 5V TTL signal to the detonator, the first high-speed camera, and the second high-speed camera. First, the detonator detonates the explosives in the powder bag, and then the first high-speed camera and the second high-speed camera start collecting data simultaneously, with the time difference between the two being set to 30μs.

[0049] Attachment Figure 2This diagram shows the structure of the explosive loading frame and model mounting system of the present invention. First, the model body is secured to the loading frame. Two pairs of steel bars are fabricated according to the model body's contours. Rubber pads are placed between the steel bars and the model body, and they are clamped together with bolts. The loading frame's position is then adjusted, using rollers to adjust horizontal movement and the loading platform's height by tightening the bolts on the legs, to ensure the model body is positioned as required by the two optical paths.

[0050] Attachment Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the model body and slit tube of the present invention. The model body is a three-dimensional organic glass model. The blasthole is located at the center of the top surface of the glass block, that is, at the intersection of the focal planes of optical path 1 and optical path 2. The blasthole mouth faces upward, and the slit tube is placed in the blasthole. The center of the blasthole and the slit tube are aligned. The blasthole diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the slit tube, and the length of the slit tube is shorter than the blasthole length. The blasthole mouth is used to block the blasthole mud. The slit tube is designed as a three-slit or four-slit tube. A charge bag with a fuse is placed in the slit tube. The diameter of the charge bag is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the slit tube. Colored powder is filled between the slit tube and the charge bag. Finally, the blasthole is sealed with sand and 502 glue.

[0051] The present invention uses two optical paths for information collection. Compared to a single-dimensional method, a two-dimensional method can capture crack surfaces extending in two perpendicular directions, whereas a single-dimensional method can only capture crack surfaces extending in one direction. In the past, single-slit and double-slit cracks were concentric, so a one-dimensional optical path was sufficient for testing. However, multi-slit crack surfaces are not concentric, so the present invention's two-dimensional optical path is required.

[0052] The above describes in detail the system and method for quantitative analysis of crack propagation in explosive charges with multiple slits, as provided in the embodiments of this application. The description of the above embodiments is intended only to facilitate understanding of the method and core concept of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate variations in the specific implementation and scope of application based on the concepts of this application. Therefore, this specification should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0053] It should also be noted that the terms "include," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such product or system. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system comprising the element. "Substantially" means that within an acceptable error range, a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range and substantially achieve the technical effect.

[0054] The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting thereof. The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and "said" herein is intended to include the plural, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "middle", "transverse", "vertical", and the like, refer to the orientation or position as shown in the drawings. The aforementioned terms are used in connection with the drawings and refer to the orientation or position that is shown in the drawings. In addition to their use in indicating orientation or position, the aforementioned terms can also be used in connection with other meanings, for example, the term "upper" can also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependence or connection relationship. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The term "and / or" used herein is only used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects have an "or" relationship.

Claims

1. A quantitative analysis test system for crack surface expansion of multi-slit explosive charge, characterized by: The system includes: an optical path acquisition subsystem, an explosion crack model body, a loading frame and an initiator; The loading frame is used to fix the explosion crack model body and realize the upward, downward, leftward and rightward movement of the explosion crack model body to adjust the position of the model in the optical path; The explosive crack model is a plexiglass block with multiple slit charges built in, and is used to explode to obtain crack samples to be analyzed; The detonator is connected to the multi-slit charge in the explosive crack model body and is used to detonate the multi-slit charge in the explosive crack model body; The optical path acquisition subsystem includes an optical path module and an acquisition module; the optical path module is used to generate light required for image acquisition; the acquisition module is used to acquire explosion crack data; The optical path module includes a first optical path component and a second optical path component; The first optical path assembly includes a first laser, a first beam expander, a first plano-convex mirror, and a second plano-convex mirror; the first plano-convex mirror and the second plano-convex mirror are respectively arranged on both sides of the explosion crack model body; the first laser and the first beam expander are arranged on the same side of the first plano-convex mirror; the first laser, the first beam expander, the first plano-convex mirror, and the second plano-convex mirror are optically connected in sequence to form a first optical path; The second optical path assembly includes a second laser, a second beam expander, a third plano-convex mirror, and a fourth plano-convex mirror; the third plano-convex mirror and the fourth plano-convex mirror are respectively arranged on the other two sides of the explosion crack model body; the second laser and the second beam expander are arranged on the same side of the third plano-convex mirror; the second laser, the second beam expander, the third plano-convex mirror, and the fourth plano-convex mirror are optically connected in sequence to form a second optical path; The first optical path and the second optical path are in the same horizontal plane and perpendicular to each other, and the explosion crack model body is provided at the intersection of the two optical paths; The acquisition module includes a first acquisition module and a second acquisition module; The first acquisition module includes a first camera and a first computer; the first camera is optically connected to the second plano-convex mirror and is communicatively connected to the first computer, and is configured to acquire the optical signal transmitted from the second plano-convex mirror and transmit it to the first computer; The second acquisition module includes a second camera and a second computer; the second camera is optically connected to the fourth plano-convex mirror and is communicatively connected to the second computer, and is used to acquire the optical signal transmitted from the fourth plano-convex mirror and transmit it to the second computer; The system also includes a synchronization controller; The synchronous controller is connected to the detonator, the first camera and the second camera, and sends a control signal to the detonator, the first camera and the second camera to control the detonator to detonate the explosives in the explosive bag and enable the first camera and the second camera to start collecting data at the same time.

2. The multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-slit charge includes a slit tube, an explosive charge and colored powder; the explosive charge is placed in the slit tube, and the colored powder is filled between the explosive charge and the slit tube.

3. The multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser light between the first plano-convex mirror and the second plano-convex mirror is a parallel light.

4. The multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser light between the third plano-convex mirror and the fourth plano-convex mirror is a parallel light.

5. The multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The organic glass block of the explosion crack model body is provided with a blast hole for placing the multi-slit charge into the organic glass block; after the charge is placed, the blast hole is blocked by a mixture of sand and glue.

6. The multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slit tube is a three-slit tube or a four-slit tube.

7. A test method using the multi-slit explosive charge explosion crack surface expansion quantitative analysis test system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps of the method include: S1. Placing a multi-slit charge in a plexiglass block and sealing the blasthole to obtain an explosive crack model; S2. Fix the explosive crack model on the loading frame and adjust its position, and ensure that the fuse of the multi-slit charge is connected to the initiator; S3. Turn on the first laser and the second laser and keep them on for more than half an hour to ensure that the light sources are stable; S4. Turn on the first camera and the second camera, and complete the focus and sampling parameter settings; S5. Use the detonator to detonate the multi-slit explosive charge, and simultaneously use the first camera and the second camera to capture images of the explosion process.

Images