Data transmission method and apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and device, a storage medium and an electronic device, wherein the method comprises: an optical line terminal (OLT) sending synchronization information to an optical network unit (ONU), for the ONU to set a function of synchronizing with the ONU based on the synchronization information; and the OLT encapsulating target management information into a target frame, and sending the target frame to the ONU on a time slot allowing sending the target frame. Through the present application, the problem of needing to develop independent products and components for different passive optical networks in the related art, thereby leading to a higher development cost and a more complex operation, is solved, and the effect of reducing the development cost and the operation complexity is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a data transmission method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing passive optical networks include the IEEE EPON (Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers Ethernet Passive Optical Network) series and the ITU-T GPON (International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standardizationsector Gigabit Passive Optical Network) series. From their technical characteristics and evolution, the two are essentially the same, and their passive optical network architecture is as follows: Figure 1 The diagram shows a point-to-multipoint network topology. One OLT (Optical Line Terminal) connects to multiple ONUs (Optical Network Units) through a point-to-multipoint ODN (Optical Distribution Network). The downlink (OLT to ONU) operates using Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), while the uplink (ONU to OLT) operates using Time Division Multiplexing Access (TDMA).

[0003] Although the overall market for passive optical networks (PONs) is large, the IEEE EPON and ITU-T GPON series, while sharing the PON market, still require independent product and component development. For example, optical modules, MAC chips, system products, and management systems differ, resulting in higher costs. Currently, it is impossible to integrate different PON standards using existing technologies. Therefore, separate products and components need to be developed for different PON standards, leading to high development costs and operational complexity.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the aforementioned problems in the relevant technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a data transmission method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device to at least address the problems in related technologies where different types of passive optical networks require the development of independent products and components, resulting in high development costs and complex operation.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission method is provided, comprising: an optical line terminal (OLT) sending synchronization information to an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the ONU sets a synchronization function with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and the OLT encapsulating target management information into a target frame and sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, sending synchronization information from an optical line terminal (OLT) to an optical network unit (ONU) includes: the OLT sending a predetermined frame to the ONU, wherein the predetermined frame encapsulates the synchronization information.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT sending a predetermined frame to the ONU includes at least one of the following: the OLT sending an Ethernet MAC frame to the ONU, wherein the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; the OLT sending a first encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the first encapsulated frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; and the OLT sending a second encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the second encapsulated frame encapsulates an Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) frame, the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulating a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information.

[0009] In one exemplary embodiment, the synchronization header carries first standard indication information, which is used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data, and the standard includes at least one of the following: IEEE PON standard and ITU-T PON standard.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment, a second standard indication information is recorded in a first specific field of the first encapsulation frame, the second standard indication information being used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, a third standard indication information is recorded in a second specific field of the second encapsulation frame. The third standard indication information is used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data. The first specific field is located in the same position as the second specific field in the second encapsulation frame, or the first encapsulation frame and the second encapsulation frame are encapsulated according to a uniform encapsulation method.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an IEEE Passive Optical Network (PON), the synchronization header is determined based on at least one of the following synchronization headers: a first synchronization header in an ITU-T Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON); a second synchronization header in an ITU-T 10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network (XG-PON); a third synchronization header in an ITU-T Time Division and Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON); and a fourth synchronization header in an ITU-T Higher Speed ​​Passive Optical Network (HSP).

[0013] In one exemplary embodiment, sending synchronization information from an optical line terminal (OLT) to an optical network unit (ONU) includes the OLT sending the synchronization information to the ONU according to a fixed transmission period.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulating the target management information into a target frame includes: the OLT encapsulating the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID), and the Port ID records first identification information used to identify the target management information.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT encapsulates the target management information into an XGEM frame in at least one of the following ways: the OLT encapsulates one or more bandwidth entries included in the target management information into a first XGEM frame; the OLT encapsulates one or more PLOAM messages included in the target management information into a second XGEM frame.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulating the target management information into a target frame includes: the OLT encapsulating the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame is used to encapsulate at least one of the following target information in the downlink synchronization block PSBd: Physical Synchronization (PSync), Superframe counter, and PON port number (PON-ID); wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID), and the Port ID records second identification information used to identify the target information in the PSBd.

[0017] In one exemplary embodiment, the OLT sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame includes: if the existence of a target time slot is detected, the OLT sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot after the target time slot.

[0018] In one exemplary embodiment, the target time slot includes a slice time slot.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame includes: when there are multiple target frames, the OLT sending multiple target frames in a close transmission manner in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frames, wherein the close transmission manner is used to indicate that the multiple target frames are sent sequentially end to end.

[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: the OLT sending a superframe to the ONU, wherein the superframe carries one or more downlink bandwidth allocation DS BWmaps for distinguishing time slots of different standards, each DS BWmap is encapsulated in a GEM frame or envelope frame included in the superframe, and each bandwidth entry in each DS BWmap indicates the protocol type, the start time and bandwidth length in the superframe.

[0021] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission apparatus is provided, applied in an optical line terminal (OLT), comprising: a first transmitting module, configured to transmit synchronization information to an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the ONU sets a synchronization function with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and a second transmitting module, configured to encapsulate target management information into a target frame, and transmit the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame.

[0022] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0023] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0024] This invention enables the simultaneous synchronization of ONU and OLT, as well as the transmission of management information, within a single system. This achieves the goal of integrating IEEE PON and ITU-T PON networks. This integration method not only achieves the fusion of different passive optical networks but also maintains their respective advantages. It effectively solves the problem in related technologies where separate products and components need to be developed for different types of passive optical networks, resulting in high development costs and complex operations. Thus, it reduces development costs and operational complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the passive optical network architecture in related technologies;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for the data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an XGEM frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the envelope frame header structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of downlink bandwidth allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0034] First, the relevant technologies that may be involved in this invention will be explained:

[0035] In related technologies, considering cost savings and unified operation and maintenance, the market and standards organizations have proposed the concept of passive optical network system convergence, that is, the IEEE PON series and ITU-T PON series can be made into a single standard and a single system to achieve the goals of reducing costs and simplifying operation and maintenance. Therefore, the call for passive optical network (PON) convergence is growing louder.

[0036] The most intuitive way to achieve PON convergence is for the IEEE PON series and the ITU-T PON series to adopt the same standard. For example, when the IEEE NGEPON standardization was basically completed and the ITU-T 50G-PON related standardization was just beginning, the use of the physical and protocol layers of NGEPON (Next Generation Ethernet Passive Optical Network) was discussed. However, the standardization of the IEEE PON series and the ITU-T PON series has gone through several generations, and there are specific differences in standardization. For example, the IEEE PON series uses a burst-like transmission method in the downlink direction, and downlink frames are independent of each other, while the ITU-T PON series uses a continuous transmission method in the downlink direction, and frames are bound to superframes for transmission. Furthermore, the ITU-T PON series has a 125-microsecond allocation period and timing, which is better in terms of timing, latency, and efficiency, but the IEEE PON series does not have similar features. Therefore, the integration of the IEEE PON and ITU-T PON series is more likely to combine their respective advantages to form a unified standard. For example, the IEEE PON and ITU-T PON series can use the same physical layer, including wavelength, transmit optical power, and receive sensitivity, and their protocol layers are basically the same, but they may differ in line speed, coding, FEC, encapsulation, etc. In other words, the protocol layer involves many concepts and cannot be simply integrated.

[0037] The following analysis examines the frame structure characteristics and differences between ITU-T and IEEE series PONs, providing a foundation for resolving fusion and slicing issues.

[0038] ITU-T PON uses a continuous superframe transmission method for downlink, sending one superframe every 125 microseconds. Each superframe header is a PSBd (Physical Synchronization Block downstream), with an 8-byte PSync physical synchronization header at the beginning. This periodically sent physical synchronization header helps the OLT and ONU establish a common time reference. ITU-T PON also uses a continuous, end-to-end transmission method for its XGEM (XG-PON encapsulation method, 10-Gigabit passive optical network encapsulation method) frames, with no gaps between them, resulting in high efficiency. However, in ITU-T PON, both downlink and uplink superframes carry management information at fixed locations. When slicing functionality is introduced, this fixed location may become unusable for slice transmission, leading to increased slice latency or jitter.

[0039] Taking IEEE PON as an example, its frame structure follows the Ethernet MAC frame structure, with frame intervals between frames and no constraints between frames, making it relatively flexible. However, the frame intervals lead to a decrease in bandwidth efficiency. With NGEPON, IEEE PON introduced envelope encapsulation, enabling the continuous transmission of different Ethernet frames and improving bandwidth efficiency. However, in the IEEE series of PONs, transmitting data via Ethernet packets or envelopes lacks a common reference time between the OLT and ONU.

[0040] To address the aforementioned problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a passive optical network (PON) fusion architecture that can integrate PONs of different standards while retaining their respective advantages. Under this fusion architecture, a slicing implementation method is provided, enabling lower slicing latency and jitter. The invention is further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0041] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 2 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for the data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 2 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 202 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 204 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 206 for communication functions and an input / output device 208. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 2 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 2 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 2 The different configurations shown.

[0042] The memory 204 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the data transmission method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 202 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 204, thus implementing the aforementioned method. The memory 204 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 204 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 202, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0043] The transmission device 206 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 206 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 206 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S302: The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) sends synchronization information to the Optical Network Unit (ONU), which is used by the ONU to set up synchronization with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and,

[0046] In step S304, the OLT encapsulates the target management information into a target frame and sends the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where sending the target frame is permitted.

[0047] The entity performing the above steps is an OLT, or other devices capable of performing functions similar to an OLT.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the time slot allowed to send the target frame can be a currently idle time slot, a time slot pre-allocated for sending the target frame, or a time slot after bypassing a specific time slot. When sending the above synchronization information, it can be sent according to a specific period, for example, once every 125 microseconds. Of course, it can also be sent according to other sending periods, such as once every 250 microseconds, once every 500 microseconds, etc.

[0049] In addition, the execution order of the above steps S302 and S304 can be interchanged. That is, step S304 can be executed first, and then step S302 can be executed. Alternatively, steps S302 and S304 can be executed simultaneously.

[0050] Through the above steps, the synchronization of ONU and OLT, as well as the flexible transmission of management information, are realized simultaneously in one system. This achieves the goal of integrating IEEE PON and ITU-T PON networks. This integration method can not only achieve the integration of passive optical networks of different standards, but also maintain their respective advantages. It effectively solves the problem in related technologies that require the development of independent products and components for passive optical networks of different standards, resulting in high development costs and complex operation. Thus, it achieves the effect of reducing development costs and operational complexity.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, sending synchronization information from an optical line terminal (OLT) to an optical network unit (ONU) includes: the OLT sending a predetermined frame to the ONU, wherein the predetermined frame encapsulates the synchronization information. In this embodiment, the predetermined frame can be of various types, which are described below:

[0052] The OLT sending a predetermined frame to the ONU includes at least one of the following: the OLT sending an Ethernet MAC frame (or a timed Ethernet frame) to the ONU, wherein the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; the OLT sending a first encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the first encapsulated frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; the OLT sending a second encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the second encapsulated frame encapsulates an Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) frame, the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the first encapsulation frame may include an XGEM frame, and the second encapsulation frame may include an envelope frame. It should be noted that the specific type of encapsulation frame needs to be determined based on the standard information. For example, a specific field can be set at a specific location in the encapsulation frame, and different values ​​in this field can distinguish between an XGEM frame and an envelope frame. For instance, the highest bit of the LLID field in the IEEE envelope frame header can be redesigned, and the 9th bit of the Options field in the ITU-T XGEM frame header can be redesigned. These two bits are in the same position in their respective 8-byte headers; a value of 1 indicates XGEM encapsulation, and a value of 0 indicates envelope encapsulation. Through the above embodiments, the downlink timing function in ITU-T PON can be introduced into IEEE PON, enabling IEEE PON to support downlink timing. In this embodiment, a timing Ethernet frame can be added (of course, other types of frames can also be used; a timing Ethernet frame is used as an example here). The timing Ethernet frame carries a synchronization signal, and like ITU-T PON, IEEE PON sends a timing Ethernet frame at regular intervals. When integrated with ITU-T PON, timed Ethernet frames are sent every 125 microseconds. Of course, if needed, the period can be modified to other times besides 125 microseconds. In addition, the above synchronization information can be similar to the synchronization header defined in ITU-T, or it can be other synchronization information besides the synchronization header defined in ITU-T PON.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, the synchronization header carries first standard indication information, which indicates the standard of the currently transmitted data. The standard includes at least one of the following: IEEE PON standard and ITU-T PON standard. In this embodiment, the information carried in the synchronization header can distinguish which standard the current transmission is under, thereby enabling the differentiation of the specific data type being transmitted even when ITU-T PON and IEEE PON are used in mixed transmission. It can also distinguish whether a unified data encapsulation format is used.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, a second standard indication information is recorded in a first specific field of the first encapsulation frame, the second standard indication information being used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, a third standard indication information is recorded in the second specific field of the second encapsulation frame. This third standard indication information indicates the standard of the currently transmitted data. The first specific field is located in the same position as the second specific field in the second encapsulation frame, or the first and second encapsulation frames are encapsulated using a unified encapsulation method. In this embodiment, according to the characteristics of ITU-T PON, a synchronization header is sent every 125 microseconds. The synchronization header is encapsulated using an IEEE MAC frame, and if necessary, can be further encapsulated into a unified data encapsulation format. The synchronization header can distinguish between mixed ITU-T PON and IEEE PON transmission, and also whether a unified data encapsulation format is used. The same data encapsulation format is used, such as ITU-T XGEM encapsulation or IEEE envelope encapsulation, or both ITU-T XGEM encapsulation and IEEE envelope encapsulation can be retained, because the XGEM frame header and envelope frame header are the same size. When defining a unified encapsulation method, a link identifier field is included. This field carries the Port-ID of ITU-T PON or the LLID of IEEE PON. ITU-T PON Port-ID and IEEE PON LLID have different value ranges. When sending an ITU-T PON frame, this field is filled with the Port-ID value, and when sending an IEEE PON frame, this field is filled with the LLID value. The receiving ONU determines whether the value of this field is assigned to it. If it is, it parses according to the standard it supports; otherwise, it does not parse.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an IEEE PON, the synchronization header is determined based on at least one of the following synchronization headers: a first synchronization header in ITU-T Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON); a second synchronization header in ITU-T 10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network (XG-PON); a third synchronization header in ITU-T Time Division and Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON); and a fourth synchronization header in ITU-T Higher Speed ​​Passive Optical Network (HSP). In related technologies, in an IEEE PON system, the OLT periodically sends a synchronization header or a timing frame to allow the OLT and ONU to have a common time reference point. In this embodiment, the synchronization header can also be encapsulated using an Ethernet MAC frame, with its type / length field set to 0xfffe. The length of the synchronization header can be set according to specific needs, and it can also adopt synchronization headers from ITU-T PON, such as those in GPON, XG-PON, TWDM-PON, HSP, etc.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, sending synchronization information from an optical line terminal (OLT) to an optical network unit (ONU) includes the OLT sending the synchronization information to the ONU at a fixed transmission period. As stated in the foregoing embodiments, the synchronization information can be sent at a specific period, for example, once every 125 microseconds. Alternatively, it can be sent at other periods, such as once every 250 microseconds, once every 500 microseconds, etc. Furthermore, the transmission period can be flexibly adjusted according to actual applications.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulating the target management information into a target frame includes: the OLT encapsulating the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID), and the Port ID records first identification information used to identify the target management information. In this embodiment, management information for fixed locations in the ITU-T PON series can be encapsulated into XGEM frames. The XGEM frames carry specific Port IDs; for example, Port-ID = 0xfe and 0xfd represent BWmap (Bandwidth Mapping) and PLOAM (Physical Layer Operations Administration and Maintenance) messages, respectively. One or more BWmap entries can be sent within an XGEM frame. The Payload Length Indicator (PLI) in the XGEM frame header is the length of a single entry multiplied by the number of entries. Similarly, one or more PLOAM messages can be sent within an XGEM frame. The PLI (Payload Length Indicator) in the XGEM frame header is the length of a single PLOAM message multiplied by the number of messages. The BWmap entries and PLOAM messages encapsulated in the XGEM are sent at permitted locations, changing the previous practice of sending them concentrated at fixed locations. Of course, if the physical synchronization PSync, superframe counter, and PON port number PON-ID in PSBd are required, they can also be encapsulated into GEM frames, and their encapsulation Port-IDs can be 0xfa, 0xfb, and 0xfc, respectively. In this way, XGEM encapsulation becomes a unified and flexible encapsulation method for ITU-T PON.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT encapsulates the target management information into an XGEM frame by at least one of the following: the OLT encapsulates one or more bandwidth entries included in the target management information into a first XGEM frame; the OLT encapsulates one or more PLOAM messages included in the target management information into a second XGEM frame. In this embodiment, the first XGEM frame and the second XGEM frame may be different frames. The target management information may include bandwidth entries and / or PLOAM messages. Different types of management information can be encapsulated into different frames. Of course, in practical applications, if necessary, different management information can also be encapsulated into the same frame; this invention does not limit this.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulating the target management information into a target frame includes: the OLT encapsulating the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame is used to encapsulate at least one of the following target information in the downlink synchronization block PSBd: Physical Synchronization (PSync), Superframe counter, and PON port number (PON-ID); wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID) (this Port ID can be the same as the Port ID mentioned in the foregoing embodiments, or it can be a different Port ID), and the Port ID records second identification information for identifying the target information in the PSBd.

[0062] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where transmission of the target frame is permitted includes: if the existence of a target time slot is detected, the OLT sending the target frame to the ONU in a time slot following the target time slot. In this embodiment, it is necessary to prioritize time slots of a specific type, which may be predetermined. In this embodiment, management information (corresponding to the target management information mentioned above) sent at a fixed location can be encapsulated and flexibly sent in different locations. For example, if the management information is ready, it can be encapsulated and sent; or if the management information is ready but cannot be sent in the current time slot, it can wait for a later available time slot before sending.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the target time slot includes slice time slots. In this embodiment, a slice is generally a time slot designated for a specific user or service, characterized by low latency and low latency jitter requirements. Therefore, the interval between slice time slots is no greater than a latency threshold to meet the low latency requirement. Furthermore, to meet the low latency jitter requirement, the variation in the interval between slice time slots is no greater than a jitter threshold. Thus, slice time slots are generally evenly or relatively evenly distributed. Therefore, when sending a target frame, priority should be given to placing slice time slots. When a BWmap entry or a PLOAM message's XGEM frame encounters a slice time slot, its transmission can be adjusted. In addition, to support slicing, the time slot for transmitting the aforementioned target management information can be adjusted, and the content of the target management information can also be segmented for transmission. In this way, slice time slots can be placed in appropriate positions according to latency and jitter requirements.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the OLT transmitting the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where transmission of the target frame is permitted includes: when there are multiple target frames, the OLT transmits multiple target frames in a compact transmission manner in the time slot where transmission of the target frames is permitted, wherein the compact transmission manner is used to indicate that the multiple target frames are transmitted sequentially, end to end. In this embodiment, a unified or common encapsulation method can be used to transmit management information and data (corresponding to the target management information mentioned above). The encapsulated frames (corresponding to the target frames mentioned above) can be transmitted in a compact manner, end to end, resulting in higher transmission efficiency and improved transmission efficiency.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: the OLT sending a superframe to the ONU, wherein the superframe carries one or more downlink bandwidth allocation DS BWmaps for distinguishing time slots of different standards, each DS BWmap is encapsulated in an XGEM frame or envelope frame included in the superframe, and each bandwidth entry in each DS BWmap indicates the protocol type, the start time and bandwidth length in the superframe.

[0066] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0067] Implementation method one, for IEEE PON:

[0068] In an IEEE PON system, the OLT periodically sends a synchronization header or a timing frame so that the OLT and ONU can have a common time reference point.

[0069] The synchronization header can be encapsulated using an Ethernet MAC frame, with its type / length field set to 0xfffe. The length of the synchronization header can be set according to specific needs, or it can adopt the synchronization header in ITU-T PON, such as the synchronization header in GPON, XG-PON, TWDM-PON, HSP (or HSP-PON), etc.

[0070] Ethernet MAC frames carrying synchronization headers can be further encapsulated into an envelope.

[0071] Synchronization headers or timing frames are sent at a certain period, which can be based on 125 microseconds as specified in ITU-T PON, or other time periods.

[0072] When the ONU receives a synchronization header or timer frame, it sets the synchronization functions with the OLT, such as the time reference point and the frame parsing start point.

[0073] Implementation method two, for ITU-T PON:

[0074] The management information for fixed locations in the ITU-T PON series is encapsulated into XGEM frames, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, XGEM frames carry specific Port IDs. For example, Port-ID = 0xfe and 0xfd represent BWmap and PLOAM messages, respectively. One or more BWmap entries can be sent within an XGEM frame. The PLI (Payload Length Indication) in the XGEM frame header is the length of a single entry multiplied by the number of entries. Similarly, one or more PLOAM messages can be sent within an XGEM frame. The PLI in the XGEM frame header is the length of a single PLOAM message multiplied by the number of messages. The BWmap entries and PLOAM messages encapsulated in XGEM are sent at the required locations, changing the previous practice of sending messages concentrated at fixed locations.

[0075] Of course, if the physical synchronization PSync, superframe counter, and PON port number PON-ID from PSBd are required, they can also be encapsulated into XGEM frames. Their encapsulation Port-IDs can be 0xfa, 0xfb, and 0xfc, respectively. In this way, XGEM encapsulation becomes a unified and flexible encapsulation method for ITU-T PON.

[0076] Implementation method three, for ITU-T PON slicing support:

[0077] A time slot is typically designated for a specific user or service. Its characteristics generally include low latency and low latency jitter requirements. Therefore, the interval between time slots in a slice is no greater than the latency threshold to meet the low latency requirement. In addition, to meet the low latency jitter requirement, the variation in the interval between time slots in a slice is no greater than the jitter threshold. Therefore, the time slots in a slice are generally evenly or relatively evenly distributed.

[0078] Based on implementation method two, priority is given to placing slice slots. When the XGEM frame of a BWmap entry or PLOAM message encounters a slice slot, it can be sent later.

[0079] Implementation method four, for hybrid transmission of IEEE PON and ITU-T PON:

[0080] This implementation method is based on and incorporates both implementation methods one and two.

[0081] Data transmission using ITU-T PON and IEEE PON is mixed and sent in different time slots. To enable the receiver to distinguish between the two systems, the transmission and reception durations are differentiated and isolated through bandwidth allocation. In this embodiment, the uplink and downlink wavelengths used in both passive optical networks are the same, while the line rate, line coding, and FEC can be the same or different.

[0082] According to the characteristics of ITU-T PON, a synchronization header is sent every 125 microseconds. The synchronization header is encapsulated in an IEEE MAC frame, and if necessary, it can be further encapsulated in a unified data encapsulation format. The synchronization header can distinguish whether it is a mixed transmission of ITU-T PON and IEEE PON, and it can also distinguish whether a unified data encapsulation format is used.

[0083] Use the same data encapsulation format, such as ITU-T XGEM encapsulation or IEEE envelope encapsulation, or retain both ITU-T XGEM encapsulation and IEEE envelope encapsulation, because the XGEM frame header and envelope frame header (the envelope frame header structure can be found in...) Figure 5 The sizes are the same, and a specific field can be set in the same position. Different values ​​in this field can be used to distinguish between XGEM frames and envelope frames. For example, the highest bit of the LLID (Logical Link Identifier) ​​field in the IEEE envelope frame header is redesigned, and the 9th bit of the Options field in the ITU-T XGEM frame header is redesigned. These two bits are in the same position in their respective 8-byte frame headers. If the bit is 1, it is XGEM encapsulation, and if the bit is 0, it is envelope encapsulation.

[0084] When defining a unified data encapsulation format, it includes a link identification field, used to carry the Port ID of ITU-T PON or the LLID of IEEE PON. ITU-T PON Port-ID and IEEE PON LLID have different value ranges. When sending an ITU-T PON frame, this field is filled with the Port-ID value, and when sending an IEEE PON frame, this field is filled with the LLID value. The receiving ONU determines whether the value of this field is assigned to it. If it is, it parses it according to the standard it supports; otherwise, it does not parse it.

[0085] Additionally, regarding the implementation of downlink bandwidth allocation, the OLT provides the downlink bandwidth allocation, which the ONU can identify. This downlink bandwidth allocation indicates which parts of the downlink use the ITU-T PON protocol and which use the IEEE PON protocol.

[0086] The downlink superframe carries one or more downlink bandwidth allocation DS BWmaps. Each DS BWmap is encapsulated in an XGEM frame or envelope. Each bandwidth entry in the DS BWmap indicates the protocol type, the start time of the superframe, and the bandwidth length. A diagram of downlink bandwidth allocation can be found [link to diagram]. Figure 6 .

[0087] Using the definition of US BWmap, DS BWmap entries include the following fields:

[0088] Protocol type: Identifies which protocol type the downlink bandwidth is allocated to (it can also be an ONU identifier, such as ONU-ID / PLID, or T-CONT / LLID);

[0089] StartTime: Indicates the start time of this downlink bandwidth;

[0090] GrantSize: Indicates the length of the downlink bandwidth;

[0091] Verification: HEC (Header Error Control) or CRC (Cyclic Checksum) check bytes.

[0092] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0093] This embodiment also provides a data transmission device for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0094] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This device is applied in an optical line terminal (OLT), such as... Figure 7 As shown, the device includes:

[0095] The first transmitting module 72 is used to send synchronization information to the optical network unit (ONU), so that the ONU can set up synchronization with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and...

[0096] The second sending module 74 is used to encapsulate target management information into a target frame and send the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where sending the target frame is permitted.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the first sending module 72 is configured to send synchronization information by sending a predetermined frame to the ONU, wherein the predetermined frame encapsulates the synchronization information.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the first transmitting module 72 is configured to transmit a predetermined frame in at least one of the following ways: the OLT transmits an Ethernet MAC frame to the ONU, wherein the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; the OLT transmits a first encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the first encapsulated frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; the OLT transmits a second encapsulated frame to the ONU, wherein the second encapsulated frame encapsulates an Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) frame, the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulating a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information.

[0099] In one exemplary embodiment, the synchronization header carries first standard indication information, which is used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data, and the standard includes at least one of the following: IEEE PON standard and ITU-T PON standard.

[0100] In one exemplary embodiment, a second standard indication information is recorded in a first specific field of the first encapsulation frame, the second standard indication information being used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, a third standard indication information is recorded in a second specific field of the second encapsulation frame. The third standard indication information is used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data. The first specific field is located in the same position as the second specific field in the second encapsulation frame, or the first encapsulation frame and the second encapsulation frame are encapsulated according to a uniform encapsulation method.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, when the OLT and the ONU are located in an IEEE Passive Optical Network (PON), the synchronization header is determined based on at least one of the following synchronization headers: a first synchronization header in an ITU-T Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON); a second synchronization header in an ITU-T 10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network (XG-PON); a third synchronization header in an ITU-T Time Division and Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TWDM-PON); and a fourth synchronization header in an ITU-T Higher Speed ​​Passive Optical Network (HSP).

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the first sending module 72 is configured to send synchronization information to the ONU in the following manner: sending the synchronization information to the ONU according to a fixed sending period.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the second sending module 74 is configured to encapsulate target management information into a target frame in the following manner: when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the target management information is encapsulated into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID), and the Port ID records first identification information for identifying the target management information.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the second sending module 74 is configured to encapsulate the target management information into an XGEM frame in at least one of the following ways: the OLT encapsulates one or more bandwidth entries included in the target management information into a first XGEM frame; the OLT encapsulates one or more PLOAM messages included in the target management information into a second XGEM frame.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, the second sending module 74 is configured to encapsulate target management information into a target frame in the following manner: when the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the target management information is encapsulated into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame is used to encapsulate at least one of the following target information in the downlink synchronization block PSBd: physical synchronization PSync, superframe counter, and PON port number PON-ID; wherein the Port ID records second identification information for identifying the target information in the PSBd.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, the second transmitting module 74 is configured to transmit the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows transmission of the target frame in the following manner: if the existence of a target time slot is detected, the OLT transmits the target frame to the ONU in a time slot after the target time slot.

[0108] In one exemplary embodiment, the target time slot includes a slice time slot.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, the second transmitting module 74 is configured to transmit the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame in the following manner: when there are multiple target frames, the OLT transmits multiple target frames in a close transmission manner in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frames, wherein the close transmission manner is used to indicate that the multiple target frames are transmitted sequentially end to end.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is further configured to send a superframe to the ONU, wherein the superframe carries one or more downlink bandwidth allocation DS BWmaps for distinguishing time slots of different standards, each DS BWmap is encapsulated in a GEM frame or envelope frame included in the superframe, and each bandwidth entry in each DS BWmap indicates the protocol type, the start time and bandwidth length in the superframe.

[0111] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0112] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an OLT, which includes the data transmission device described in any of the above claims.

[0113] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0114] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0115] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0116] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0117] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0118] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0119] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, include: An optical line terminal (OLT) sends a predetermined frame to an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the predetermined frame encapsulates synchronization information, which is used by the ONU to set up synchronization functionality with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and... The OLT encapsulates the target management information into a target frame and sends the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame. The time slot that allows the transmission of the target frame includes one of the following: a currently idle time slot, a time slot pre-allocated for the transmission of the target frame, or a time slot after avoiding a specific time slot.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The OLT sends a predetermined frame to the ONU, including at least one of the following: The OLT sends an Ethernet MAC frame to the ONU, wherein the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; The OLT sends a first encapsulation frame to the ONU, wherein the first encapsulation frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information; The OLT sends a second encapsulation frame to the ONU, wherein the second encapsulation frame encapsulates an Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) frame, the Ethernet MAC frame encapsulates a synchronization header, and the synchronization header includes the synchronization information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronization header carries first standard indication information, which indicates the standard of the currently transmitted data. The standard includes at least one of the following: IEEE PON standard, ITU-T PON standard.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first specific field of the first encapsulation frame records second standard indication information, which is used to indicate the standard of the data currently being transmitted.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second specific field of the second encapsulation frame records third standard indication information, which is used to indicate the standard of the currently transmitted data. The first specific field is located in the same position as the second specific field in the second encapsulation frame, or the first encapsulation frame and the second encapsulation frame are encapsulated in a uniform encapsulation method.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the OLT and the ONU are located in an IEEE Passive Optical Network (PON), the synchronization header is determined based on at least one of the following synchronization headers: The first synchronization header in ITU-T gigabit passive optical network GPON; The second synchronization header in ITU-T XG-PON (10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network); The third synchronization header in ITU-T time division and wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks (TWDM-PON); The fourth synchronization header in ITU-T's Higher Speed ​​Passive Optical Network (HSP).

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronization information sent from the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) to the Optical Network Unit (ONU) includes: The OLT sends the synchronization information to the ONU according to a fixed transmission period.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulates target management information into the target frame, including: The OLT encapsulates the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier (Port ID), and the Port ID records first identification information used to identify the target management information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The OLT encapsulates the target management information into an XGEM frame including at least one of the following: The OLT encapsulates one or more bandwidth entries included in the target management information into the first XGEM frame; The OLT encapsulates one or more PLOAM messages included in the target management information into a second XGEM frame.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the OLT and the ONU are located in an ITU-T Passive Optical Network (PON), the OLT encapsulates target management information into the target frame, including: The OLT encapsulates the target management information into an XGEM frame, wherein the XGEM frame is used to encapsulate at least one of the following target information from the downlink synchronization block PSBd: Physical synchronization (PSync), superframe counter, PON port number (PON-ID); The XGEM frame carries a specific port identifier, Port ID, which contains second identification information used to identify the target information in the PSBd.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The OLT transmitting the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where transmission of the target frame is permitted includes: If a target time slot is detected, the OLT sends the target frame to the ONU in a time slot following the target time slot.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The target time slot includes slice time slots.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The OLT transmitting the target frame to the ONU in a time slot where transmission of the target frame is permitted includes: When there are multiple target frames, the OLT transmits multiple target frames in a tightly packed manner on a time slot that allows transmission of the target frames. The tightly packed manner is used to indicate that the multiple target frames are transmitted sequentially, one after the other.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The OLT sends a superframe to the ONU, wherein the superframe carries one or more downlink bandwidth allocation DS BWmaps for different time slots. Each DS BWmap is encapsulated in an XGEM frame or envelope frame included in the superframe. Each bandwidth entry in each DS BWmap indicates the protocol type, as well as the start time and bandwidth length in this superframe.

15. A data transmission device, characterized in that, Applied in optical line terminals (OLTs), including: A first transmitting module is configured to transmit a predetermined frame to an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the predetermined frame encapsulates synchronization information, which is used by the ONU to set up synchronization functionality with the OLT based on the synchronization information; and... The second sending module is used to encapsulate target management information into a target frame and send the target frame to the ONU in a time slot that allows the sending of the target frame. The time slot that allows the sending of the target frame includes one of the following: a currently idle time slot, a time slot pre-allocated for sending the target frame, or a time slot after avoiding a specific time slot.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

17. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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