Device for cutting and crushing hard materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for cutting and crushing hard materials, in particular for crushing concrete and cutting steel reinforcement, the device comprising: a base (2); a housing (3) mounted on the base (2) at a first end; a pair of cutting arms (4) pivotally connected to a second end of the housing (3) opposite the first end of the housing (3); and an actuating member (5) pivotally connected to a first end of the cutting arms (4). Two intermediate belts (7) are located at the pivot connection points of the cutting arms (4) to the housing (3) and between the second end of the housing (4) and the cutting arms (4), one intermediate belt (7) on each of the two side portions of the cutting arms (4). The intermediate belts (7) are separate elements from the other elements of the device (1).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for cutting and crushing hard materials, in particular to a shearing device for cutting rebar and crushing concrete. BACKGROUND

[0002] The prior art discloses shears for cutting rebar and crushing concrete, which comprise a base on which one end of a housing is mounted. Cutting arms are pivotally attached to a second end of the housing. At one end thereof, each of the arms is connected to an actuating member, such as a servo motor, and at the opposite second end, the arms have a cutting attachment. The elongation or shortening of the actuating member causes the cutting arms to rotate at their pivotal connection points with the housing, with the result that rebar is cut and concrete is crushed.

[0003] KR20150000840U and JP2008057192A disclose a cutting device for cutting and crushing hard materials, comprising a base, a housing having a first end mounted on the base, a pair of cutting arms pivotally connected to a second end of the housing opposite the first end, and an actuating member for rotating the cutting arms.

[0004] In the known solutions, when cutting and / or crushing hard materials such as rebar and concrete, very heavy loads are transmitted from the cutting arms to the housing via the pivotal connections between these elements. This causes the housing to constantly deform or even break at its connection points with the cutting arms. Over time, play or even cracks can appear at the connection points of the cutting arms with the housing, which can hinder the shears from functioning effectively. The entire housing then needs to be replaced with a new one.

[0005] Furthermore, the cost of manufacturing such a housing is high. Since the housing needs to transmit a great deal of force, many machining steps are required, such as milling, bending elements of different thicknesses, etc. If the housing is damaged, the manufacturer usually recommends replacing the entire housing, which also contributes to the high cost of such operations. SUMMARY

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for cutting and crushing hard materials, which will allow the individual parts of the device to be replaced in a quick, simple and relatively inexpensive manner.

[0007] It is another object of the present invention to provide a device for cutting and crushing hard materials, which is more robust at the pivotal connection points of the housing with the cutting arms.

[0008] An apparatus for cutting and crushing hard materials, comprising: a base; a housing, a first end of the housing being mounted on the base; a pair of cutting arms, the pair of cutting arms being pivotally connected to a second end of the housing opposite the first end of the housing; an actuating member, the actuating member being pivotally connected to a first end of the cutting arms; the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that two intermediate belts are located at the pivot connection points of the cutting arms and the housing and between the cutting arms and the second end of the housing, one intermediate belt on each of the two side portions of the cutting arms, the intermediate belts being elements separate from other elements of the apparatus and serving to concentrate the load from the cutting arms when cutting or crushing materials.

[0009] Preferably, the housing is one integral piece.

[0010] Preferably, the housing comprises two separate halves.

[0011] Preferably, the housing is made of a curved sheet of metal.

[0012] Preferably, the actuating member is a hydraulic actuator.

[0013] Preferably, the base comprises: a base plate, the housing being mounted on the base plate; a swivel body, the swivel body being mounted on the base plate; and an adapter, the adapter being for connecting the apparatus to components of a machine for controlling the operation of the apparatus.

[0014] Preferably, the pivot connection of the cutting arms and the housing comprises a bushing inserted into an opening of the cutting arms and a bolt and a nut screwed together, the bolt and the nut passing through corresponding openings in the intermediate belts and an opening in the housing.

[0015] In the present invention, the load from the cutting arms is not directly transmitted to the housing. As a result of the use of the intermediate belts as elements separate from other elements of the apparatus, in particular the cutting arms and housing, most of the load will be concentrated on the intermediate belts themselves. As a result, it is mainly the intermediate belts that will wear and / or deform. If the intermediate belts are excessively worn and play is created in the cutting arms, it is only necessary to replace these intermediate belts. The intermediate belts can be replaced quickly and easily.

[0016] In the case of the device according to the invention, if we wish to obtain greater device strength without changing the entire casing, the production costs are lower and the thickness of the intermediate band can be easily changed. Furthermore, since the thickness of the casing can be the same over its entire surface, the bending of the casing is easy. A great advantage of this solution is also that the intermediate band can be made of a material other than the casing, for example the intermediate band can be made of non-weldable steel and can be hardened, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The subject matter of the invention is illustrated in its embodiments in the attached drawings, in which Figure 1 a perspective view of the device for cutting and crushing hard materials in the assembled state is shown, Figure 2 an exploded view of the device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The device 1 for cutting and crushing hard materials, in particular concrete and reinforcing steel, comprises a base 2. The base 2 is a subassembly on which the remaining elements of the device 1 are mounted, and on the other side it is connected to a machine / device (not shown) for controlling the operation of the device 1 and supporting the device 1.

[0019] In the embodiment shown in the figures, the base 2 comprises a base plate 21 on which a rotating body / rotating unit 22 is mounted, and an adapter / intermediate element 23 is mounted on the rotating body 22. The components of the base 2 can be connected to each other by various connection means, for example bolts with nuts and washers.

[0020] The tasks of the rotating body 22 and the adapter 23 are to rotate the device 1 relative to the machine for controlling the operation of the device 1 and to connect the device 1 to the machine for controlling the operation of the device 1, for example by a support arm, etc.

[0021] However, in other embodiments of the invention, not shown in the figures, the base 2 can take different forms. For example, the base plate 21, the rotating body 22 and the adapter 23 can be unified into one unit. Furthermore, the base 2 can be missing some elements, for example the rotating body 22, and the functions of the missing elements are performed by other elements of the machine for controlling the operation of the device 1.

[0022] The device 1 further comprises a housing 3 which is mounted on or connected to the base 2 at its first end, in particular in the embodiment of the invention shown in the figures, to the base plate 21 of the base 2. In the embodiment shown, the housing 3 is in the form of two separate halves of the housing 3 which are connected to the base 2, in particular to the base plate 21, at their first end. At their second end, opposite the first end, the halves of the housing 3 have an opening 31 for pivotally fastening a pair of cutting arms 4, as described in detail below.

[0023] In another embodiment of the invention, not shown in the figures, the housing 3 is one integral piece and its first end is mounted on the base 2, in particular on the base plate 21, and at its second end, opposite the first end, the housing 3 likewise has an opening 31 for pivotally fastening the cutting arms 4.

[0024] The housing 3 can be made of, for example, a bent sheet of metal.

[0025] In the embodiment of the invention shown in the figures, the housing 3 encloses the cutting arms 4.

[0026] The device 1 further comprises a pair of cutting arms 4. The cutting arms 4 are connected at their first end by an actuating member 5. The connection between the cutting arms 4, in particular the first end of the cutting arms, and the actuating member 5 is pivotable, i.e. the connection allows the cutting arms 4 to be rotated relative to the actuating member 5 and thus relative to the other elements of the device 1. This pivotable connection can be achieved, for example, by bushings inserted into the first end of the cutting arms 4 and into the end of the actuating member 5. Bolts are in turn inserted into the bushings, which are secured in place by nuts.

[0027] At their second end, opposite the first end connected to the actuating member 5, the cutting arms 4 have a cutting attachment 42 which cuts and / or crushes the material being processed. The cutting attachment 42 can be a replaceable element which is secured to the cutting arms 4 by bolts. However, in another embodiment of the invention, not shown in the figures, the cutting arms 4 do not need to have a cutting attachment 42, depending on the application. In this case, the cutting arms 4 are sufficiently hard to be able to crush and / or cut a given material themselves.

[0028] The actuating member 5 can be a hydraulic, electric or pneumatic actuator, depending on the requirements and the specific application. If necessary, an additional hydraulic amplifier 12, a so-called pressure booster, can be provided which is connected by lines to the actuating member 5 and to other elements of the machine for controlling the operation of the device 1. The hydraulic amplifier 12 "boosts" the pressure and ensures a pulsatile operation of the cutting arms 4. For example, the hydraulic amplifier 12 allows 500 bar to be obtained at a supply pressure of 165 bar to the cutting arms 4.

[0029] The cutting arms 4 are pivotally connected to a second end of the housing 3, which is opposite the first end of the housing 3 mounted on the base 2. To this end, each cutting arm 4 has an opening 41 between a first end attached to the actuating member 5 and a second end provided with a cutting attachment 42 or intended to cut material, for pivotally connecting the cutting arm 4 to the housing 3 of the device 1. The opening 41 is aligned with an opening 31 in the housing 3. A bushing 8 is inserted at least in the opening 41 of the cutting arm 4. A bolt 9 and a nut 10 screwed together are inserted in turn in the bushing 8 and through a corresponding opening 71 in the intermediate band 7 and a corresponding opening 31 in the housing 3, as described in detail below. The bolt 9 and the nut 10 surround in some way the cutting arm 4, the base washer 10, the intermediate band 7 and the housing 3 by their respective flanges and / or heads and make them rotatably connected to each other. For example, the bolt 9 can have an internally threaded hole for receiving an externally threaded rod of the nut 10, obviously, the opposite thread form is also possible.

[0030] However, in other embodiments of the invention, not shown in the figures, the pivotal connection between the cutting arms 4 and the housing 3 can be performed in a different way. For example, the use of a bushing 8 is not necessary in some applications, the bolt 9 and the nut 10 are sufficient.

[0031] Generally, the elongation of the actuating member 5 causes the cutting arms 4 to rotate around their pivotal connection points with the housing 3, in particular on the bushings 8 / bolts 9, and to bring the second ends / cutting attachments 42 of the cutting walls 4 close to each other. Conversely, the shortening of the actuating member 5 causes the cutting arms 4 to rotate in the opposite direction around their pivotal connection points with the housing 3 and to move the second ends / cutting attachments 42 of the cutting arms 4 apart. The synchronized movement of the cutting arms 4 relative to each other is achieved by using a locking piece 11 near the opening 41 of the cutting arms 4. The locking piece 11 comprises a recess on one cutting arm 4 and a corresponding protrusion on the other cutting arm 4. The protrusion is placed inside the recess, which forces the cutting arms to rotate synchronously while elongating and shortening the actuating member 5.

[0032] The device 1 also has two intermediate belts 7, one on each of the two sides of the cutting arm 4 facing the second end of the housing 3, in particular in the case where the housing 3 surrounds the cutting arm 4, the two sides of the cutting arm 4 pointing towards the two parts of the housing 3 on which the cutting arm 4 is mounted. The intermediate belts 7 are arranged at the pivot connection point of the cutting arm 4 with the housing 3, i.e. between the cutting arm 4 and the second end of the housing 3 in the embodiment of the invention shown in the figures. The intermediate belts 7 are elements separate from the other elements of the device 1, in particular the cutting arm 4 and the housing 3. Each intermediate belt 7 has two openings 71 which are aligned with the openings 41 of the cutting arm 4 and the openings 31 of the housing 3. The bolts 9 and, if necessary, the nuts 10 pass through the openings 71 of the intermediate belts 7 to allow the pivot connection of the cutting arm 4 with the housing 3.

[0033] Thanks to the use of the intermediate belts 7, most of the load from the cutting arm 4 when cutting or crushing a given material is concentrated on the intermediate belts 7 and not on the other sensitive elements of the device 1, such as the housing 3. As a result, it is mainly the intermediate belts 7 that are subject to wear. Since the intermediate belts 7 are elements separate from the other elements of the device 1, their replacement is quick, simple and inexpensive, and the intermediate belts 7 themselves can be made of a different material from the housing and can be non-weldable, hardenable, etc.

[0034] In addition, the intermediate belts 7 themselves serve to ensure that the cutting arm 4 does not spread out laterally in its lower part when the actuation member 5 is elongated and shortened. On the other hand, the cutting arm 4 is not allowed to move in a plane perpendicular to the movement of the actuation member 5 during the crushing and cutting of the material being worked, such as concrete and reinforcing steel.

[0035] The device 1 can also have two base washers 10 with openings 101, preferably made of copper, bronze, brass or PA6 polyamide and placed between the cutting arm 4 and the intermediate belts 7. The base washers 10 serve to separate the cutting arm 4 from the intermediate belts 7, so that any possible friction that can be caused by the movement of the cutting arm 4 is transmitted to the base washers 10 and not directly to the intermediate belts 7.

Claims

1. An apparatus (1) for cutting and crushing hard material, the apparatus comprising: a base (2); a housing (3), a first end of which is mounted on the base (2); a pair of cutting arms (4) pivotally connected to a second end of the housing (3) opposite the first end of the housing (3); and an actuating member (5) pivotally connected to a first end of the cutting arms (4); characterized in that two intermediate belts (7) are located at the point of pivotal connection of the cutting arms (4) to the housing (3) and between the second end of the housing (3) and the cutting arms (4), one intermediate belt (7) on each of the two side portions of the cutting arms (4), the intermediate belts (7) being separate elements from the other elements of the apparatus (1) and serving to concentrate the load from the cutting arms (4) when cutting or crushing material. The housing (3) is one integral piece.

2. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing (3) comprises two separate halves.

3. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing (3) is made of a curved sheet of metal.

4. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The actuating member (5) is a hydraulic actuator.

5. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base (2) comprises a base plate (21) on which the housing (3) is mounted, a rotating body (22) mounted on the base plate (21), and an adapter (23) for connecting the apparatus (1) to components of a machine for controlling the operation of the apparatus (1).

6. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The pivotal connection of the cutting arms (4) to the housing (3) comprises a bushing (8) inserted into an opening (41) of the cutting arms (4) and a bolt (9) and a nut (10) screwed together, the bolt and the nut passing through corresponding openings (71) in the intermediate belts (7) and an opening (31) in the housing (3).

7. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that ​

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