Oil-water isolation replacement oil tank with maintenance ladder and oil tank maintenance method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil-water isolation replacement tank with a maintenance ladder and an oil tank maintenance method. The oil tank includes an oil tank shell, which is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped; a flexible diaphragm is detachably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the oil tank shell, a water storage cavity is formed in the flexible diaphragm, and a water inlet and outlet pipe connected to the water storage cavity is provided at the bottom of the flexible diaphragm; an oil storage cavity is formed between the flexible diaphragm and the oil tank outer shell, and the oil inlet and outlet pipes connected to the oil storage cavity are provided on the oil tank shell; a plurality of maintenance ladders are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the oil tank shell, and a plurality of oil tank inlets located above the maintenance ladders are formed at the top of the oil tank shell, and each oil tank inlet is detachably connected to a sealing cover; each maintenance ladder is connected to a vertical guide rail, and a plurality of guide wheels are slidably connected to the vertical guide rail, and each guide wheel is detachably connected to the outer surface of the flexible diaphragm via a connecting chain. The present invention can achieve oil-water isolation in the oil tank and facilitate oil tank maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship maintenance management, and in particular to an oil-water isolation replacement oil tank with a maintenance ladder and an oil tank maintenance method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of large-scale modern ships, increasing the fuel loading capacity under the condition of equal displacement plays an important role in improving the operational efficiency of ships and reducing operating costs. In particular, for naval ships, increasing the fuel loading capacity is of great significance to expanding the combat range radius and reducing the risk of replenishment. However, under traditional circumstances, ships need to set up additional seawater ballast tanks to adjust and control the stability of the ship. Through the oil-water separation method, not only can the seawater ballast tank and the fuel storage tank be integrated into one, greatly increasing the fuel loading capacity of the entire ship under the same displacement conditions, but also the pollution of the marine environment and crude oil caused by oil-water mixing can be avoided, thereby effectively ensuring the quality of crude oil.

[0003] Ship oil tanks often utilize the principle that oil density is lower than water, naturally forming a distinct oil-water interface to achieve oil-water exchange. However, a small amount of crude oil will still be discharged into the surrounding seawater along with the water during the oil-water exchange process, accumulating and causing environmental pollution. At the same time, the exchanged oil still contains a small amount of water, resulting in impure oil. Furthermore, the seawater ballast tank and the fuel loading tank are not integrated into one to increase the fuel loading capacity. For example, the technical solutions disclosed in the Chinese patent "Oil-Water Exchange Process for Storing High-Potential Crude Oil" with publication number CN85102598 and the Chinese patent "Zero-Pollution Oil-Water Exchange Underwater Storage System" with publication number CN103449063A both involve oil-water exchange with direct contact between oil and water, which carries the risk of oil droplets seeping into seawater, heat loss, and precipitation of condensate oil.

[0004] Another safer approach is to place oil and water in the same storage space and use physical isolation methods to separate the oil and water so that they do not affect each other.

[0005] Currently, the industry has a variety of oil-water exchange chamber design methods or solutions that use oil-water isolation membranes to separate oil and water. However, in terms of repair and maintenance, whether it is the interference between the ladder and the membrane, or the monitoring and maintenance of the membrane as a flexible composite material under long-term oil and water immersion and repeated pulling, there is no safe, convenient, intelligent and visual solution.

[0006] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN2818386Y discloses an isolated oil-water displacement underwater storage device using an insulating air cushion. The insulating air cushion, made of a soft, low-elasticity, airtight material, significantly reduces heat loss from crude oil. However, this requires the deployment of an air supply tank and pipeline, resulting in complex and costly processes and limited widespread adoption. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103043336B discloses an oil-water isolation underwater storage tank. This utilizes a thermally insulating physical plate and a surrounding soft oil-water isolation membrane to achieve physical separation of oil and water. However, in actual operation, the movement of the oil-water isolation membrane is difficult to control, making it impossible to restrict its position. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN2818385Y discloses an isolated oil-water displacement underwater storage tank. This system incorporates an oil-water isolation cloth between the crude oil and seawater to address seawater contamination. However, due to the soft nature of the oil-water isolation cloth, its shape is difficult to control and prone to breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an oil-water isolation replacement tank with a maintenance ladder and an oil tank maintenance method, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, an oil-water isolation displacement tank with a maintenance ladder is provided:

[0009] The invention comprises an oil tank shell and a flexible diaphragm disposed in the oil tank shell, wherein the bottom of the flexible diaphragm is open, and a horizontal extension portion is formed at the bottom of a side wall of the flexible diaphragm toward the oil tank shell, and the inner wall of the bottom of the oil tank shell is sealedly connected to the horizontal extension portion of the flexible diaphragm via a flange assembly;

[0010] A water storage cavity is formed in the flexible diaphragm, and a water inlet and outlet pipe communicating with the water storage cavity is provided at the bottom of the oil tank shell; an oil storage cavity is formed between the flexible diaphragm and the oil tank shell, and an oil inlet and outlet pipe communicating with the oil storage cavity is provided on the oil tank shell;

[0011] A plurality of maintenance ladders are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the oil tank shell, and each of the maintenance ladders is arranged at an angle formed by two adjacent surfaces of the oil tank shell; a plurality of oil tank entrances are opened on the top of the oil tank shell, and each of the oil tank entrances is located directly above a maintenance ladder;

[0012] Each of the maintenance ladders is connected to a vertical guide rail, and a plurality of guide wheels are slidably connected to the vertical guide rail. Each of the guide wheels is detachably connected to the outer surface of the flexible diaphragm through a connecting chain.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the oil and water are isolated and stored by a flexible diaphragm, thereby preventing the oil and water from contaminating each other, causing the contaminated water to be discharged overboard, resulting in environmental pollution and degradation of the oil quality.

[0014] A maintenance ladder is set up in the oil tank to facilitate staff to enter the oil tank for maintenance, and the flexible diaphragm is connected by vertical guide rails and guide wheels. When water is added to or drained from the flexible diaphragm, the flexible diaphragm slides along the vertical guide rails to prevent the flexible diaphragm from shaking left and right and hitting other components in the oil tank, thereby reducing the risk of the flexible diaphragm being damaged by impact.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible diaphragm includes an outer rubber layer, a fiber reinforced layer and an inner rubber layer. The outer surface of the outer rubber layer is provided with a plurality of diaphragm rings, and the plurality of diaphragm rings are connected to the guide wheel through a connecting chain; the fiber reinforced layer is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0016] The diaphragm rings are divided into multiple groups. The diaphragm rings in each group are arranged outside the outer rubber layer of the flexible diaphragm from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the diaphragm rings in each group are connected to the same vertical guide rail.

[0017] By using the data transmitted by the temperature sensor and diaphragm pressure sensor arranged inside the flexible diaphragm, the status parameters of the flexible diaphragm can be obtained at any time, thereby determining whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be repaired and replaced.

[0018] Furthermore, the maintenance ladder includes two vertical rods parallel to each other, each of which is connected to the inner wall of the oil tank shell through a connecting rod; the two vertical rods are connected by a number of cross rods; a horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail is also connected between the two vertical rods, the opening of the horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail faces the oil tank shell, and the vertical guide rail is connected to the end of the "U"-shaped safety guardrail away from the oil tank shell.

[0019] The "U"-shaped safety guardrail can provide safety protection for workers during operation. At the same time, it can prevent the rigid components of the maintenance ladder from interfering with the flexible diaphragm and causing damage to the flexible diaphragm.

[0020] Furthermore, a fixed pulley is detachably connected to the top of the vertical guide rail, and a rotation plane of the fixed pulley is parallel to the vertical rod.

[0021] Through the fixed pulley, maintenance personnel can conveniently transport the flexible diaphragm that needs to be replaced to the outside of the oil tank or pull up the flexible diaphragm to unfold the flexible diaphragm.

[0022] Furthermore, a lighting assembly is provided on the side of each vertical rod opposite to the other vertical rod, and the lighting assembly includes lamp beads and a transparent protective cover. The lamp beads are embedded in the vertical rod, and the transparent protective cover is embedded in the rod wall of the vertical rod; a pressure liquid level sensor is also provided on the bottom side of the vertical rod.

[0023] The internal circuit of the lamp bead is embedded in the main body of the maintenance ladder. The lamp bead is controlled by a remote control switch outside the oil tank. The transparent protective partition can not only prevent liquid from corroding the lamp bead, but also play a role in light transmission, increasing the convenience and safety of maintenance personnel during work.

[0024] The liquid level pressure sensor is set at the bottom of the vertical rod. There is a small hole on the side of the bottom of the vertical rod. Based on the principle of pressure P=ρgh, where ρ is the density of the measured liquid, g is the acceleration of gravity at the location of the ship, and h is the liquid level height, the liquid level pressure sensor contacts the crude oil through the small hole to sense the liquid pressure, which is then converted into the height information of the crude oil level in the oil tank, so that the staff can understand the crude oil level in real time, which is convenient for controlling the crude oil in and out of the oil storage tank to prevent excessive liquid in the oil tank.

[0025] Furthermore, the oil tank also includes a monitoring and management device, which includes a data receiving module, a storage module, a processing module, an early warning module and a display screen arranged outside the oil tank shell; the data receiving module is used to receive the sensing data of the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure liquid level sensor, and transmit the received sensing data to the storage module and the processing module; the processing module is used to process the received sensing data and transmit the processed data to the early warning module; the early warning module compares the processed data with the set threshold value. If the processed data exceeds the threshold value, an early warning message is generated and the early warning message is transmitted to the display screen for display.

[0026] Through the monitoring and management device, the data of each sensor in the oil tank can be managed, and the level of digital management and automated management of the oil tank can be improved.

[0027] As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for oil tank maintenance, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1: Based on the sensing data received from the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, the damage degree of the flexible diaphragm is evaluated, and based on the damage degree, it is determined whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced or repaired. If so, the process proceeds to step S2;

[0029] S2: Drain all the water in the water storage chamber and the oil in the oil storage chamber, open the sealing cover to ventilate the oil tank, and after the ventilation is completed, measure the combustible gas concentration and oxygen concentration in the oil storage chamber. If the combustible gas concentration and oxygen concentration in the oil storage chamber meet the safety conditions, enter S3;

[0030] S3: Maintenance personnel enter the oil tank through a maintenance ladder. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be repaired, a rope is connected to the diaphragm collar, the rope is passed through a fixed pulley, and the flexible diaphragm is fully extended by pulling the rope, and then the repair is carried out at the location that needs to be repaired. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced, the connection between the guide wheel and the flexible diaphragm and the connection between the flexible diaphragm and the bottom of the oil tank shell are released, and a rope is connected to the diaphragm collar, the rope is passed through a fixed pulley, and the flexible diaphragm is transported to the oil tank inlet by pulling the rope, and then the flexible diaphragm is taken out of the oil tank, the diaphragm collar of the replaced flexible diaphragm is connected to the rope, and then the replaced flexible diaphragm is transported to the bottom of the oil tank for installation by loosening the rope.

[0031] S4: Check the sealing of the replaced flexible diaphragm and the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell. When the sealing of the replaced flexible diaphragm and the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell meet the maintenance standards, the maintenance personnel come out of the oil tank through the maintenance ladder and cover the sealing cover.

[0032] In the above technical solution, when the sensors in the oil tank detect abnormal data, it indicates that the tank needs to be inspected. Before entering the tank, personnel need to check whether the gas environment inside the tank is safe. After entering the tank, the main inspection item is to check whether the flexible diaphragm is damaged and whether it needs to be replaced or repaired. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced, the old flexible diaphragm is transported out of the tank via a fixed pulley and a new flexible diaphragm is transported inside for replacement. The replaced flexible diaphragm is then inspected for sealing, and finally the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell is checked. Through this process, safety hazards of the flexible diaphragm can be promptly identified and corresponding repairs can be made, avoiding cross-contamination between oil and water due to damage to the flexible diaphragm.

[0033] Furthermore, the S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] S101: Acquire sensing data from the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and determine whether the sensing data is abnormal. If so, proceed to step S102;

[0035] S102: Obtain the sensor position corresponding to the abnormal data, and obtain the shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm based on a machine learning fitting algorithm;

[0036] S103: Evaluate the damage degree of the flexible diaphragm using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm based on the sensor position corresponding to the abnormal data and the shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm;

[0037] S104: Determine whether maintenance is required based on the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm and / or whether the usage time is greater than the service life. If necessary, further determine a maintenance plan; the maintenance plan includes replacing the flexible diaphragm and repairing the flexible diaphragm.

[0038] The shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm are analyzed based on the sensor's sensing data, and the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm is judged according to the location, shape and size of the damaged part. Based on the degree of damage and the length of time the flexible diaphragm has been used, it is determined whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced or repaired. This realizes intelligent judgment of the maintenance plan and reduces the workload of manual inspection and dependence on work experience.

[0039] Furthermore, the construction process of the machine learning fitting algorithm specifically includes:

[0040] S1021: Obtain the size k0 of the oil tank, the pressure resistance k1 of the flexible diaphragm, the density k2 of the oil, and the density k3 of the water. Simultaneously, obtain historical damage data of the flexible diaphragm, including the pressure and temperature values ​​around the damage site, as well as the size and shape of the damage site.

[0041] S1022: Constructing a flexible diaphragm damage prediction equation, wherein the prediction equation is:

[0042]

[0043] Where: y(x,m) is the function value of the damage size / shape, x is the pressure / temperature value around the damage, m j is the coefficient of x, k j Including k0, k1, k2 and k3;

[0044] S1023: Construct the loss function E(m) between y(x,m) and the size / shape of the damage:

[0045]

[0046] Where: N is the number of damaged parts, t n The shape / size of the damaged area.

[0047] S1024: Derivative the loss function with respect to m to obtain the derivative equation:

[0048]

[0049] Solving the derivative equation to obtain the value of m;

[0050] S1025: Substitute the value of m into the prediction equation to obtain a machine learning fitting algorithm.

[0051] Furthermore, the construction process of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm specifically includes:

[0052] S1031: Define factor set U = (u1, u2, u3), where u1 is the damage location, u2 is the damage size, and u3 is the damage

[0053] shape;

[0054] S1032: Define a comment set V = (v1, v2, v3, v4), where v1 indicates a serious degree of damage, and v2 indicates a mild degree of damage.

[0055] Heavy, v3 means the damage is relatively minor, v4 means the damage is light;

[0056] S1033: Define the weight set W of each factor in the factor set;

[0057] S1034: Determine the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix R and evaluate each factor;

[0058] S1035: Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation: perform matrix synthesis operation Z=W×R, and take the comment corresponding to the largest value in the matrix Z as the evaluation result.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] (1) The present invention provides an oil-water isolation device with a maintenance ladder, which physically separates oil and water by introducing a flexible diaphragm, thereby reducing oil pollution caused by oil-water mixing in traditional oil-water replacement and ensuring the quality of oil products. At the same time, the water storage tank and the oil storage tank are integrated into one, thereby increasing the fuel loading capacity of the ship while maintaining the same displacement and realizing the multifunctional use of the oil tank.

[0061] (2) The present invention sets guide rails and guide wheels with the help of a maintenance ladder, and the flexible diaphragm is limited and fastened by the connecting chain between the guide wheels and the flexible diaphragm. The "U"-shaped guardrail prevents the flexible diaphragm from being damaged due to interference with the maintenance ladder during use, thereby increasing its service life and enabling personnel to enter and exit the oil tank to carry out maintenance operations in the case of oil-water isolation and replacement.

[0062] (3) The maintenance ladder of the present invention provides great convenience and safety for maintenance and repair workers by providing lighting components, liquid level pressure sensors, "U"-shaped guardrail installation and fixed pulleys.

[0063] (4) The present invention enables the staff to monitor the status parameters of the flexible diaphragm in the oil tank in real time by connecting various sensors with the monitoring and early warning device, thereby realizing the function of visualizing the status of the flexible diaphragm.

[0064] (5) The present invention provides an oil tank maintenance method. When the data sensed by the sensor in the oil tank is abnormal, it indicates that the oil tank needs to be inspected. Before the staff enters the oil tank, it is necessary to check whether the gas environment in the oil tank is safe. After entering the oil tank, the main inspection items are whether the flexible diaphragm is damaged and whether it needs to be replaced. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced, the old flexible diaphragm is transported out of the oil tank by the fixed pulley, and the new flexible diaphragm is transported into the oil tank for replacement. The replaced flexible diaphragm needs to be checked for its sealing, and finally the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell is checked. Through the above process, the safety hazards of the flexible diaphragm can be discovered in time, and corresponding inspections can be made to avoid mutual contamination between oil and water due to damage to the flexible diaphragm.

[0065] (6) Based on the sensing data of the sensor, a machine learning fitting algorithm is used to analyze the shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm is used to judge the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm according to the location, shape and size of the damaged part. Based on the degree of damage and the length of time the flexible diaphragm is used, it is determined whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced or repaired, thereby realizing intelligent judgment of the maintenance plan and reducing the workload of manual inspection and dependence on work experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the oil-water isolation and displacement tank structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 A perspective view of an oil-water isolation displacement tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the interior of an oil-water isolation and displacement tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 A vertical cross-sectional view of the connection between the flexible diaphragm and the flange assembly according to the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 A front view of a maintenance ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 A rear view of a maintenance ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of point A according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a guide wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of point B according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a flexible diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 11 This is an enlarged view of point C according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 12 Flowchart of an oil tank maintenance method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 13 2. It is a composition diagram of an oil-water isolation displacement tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 14 A flow chart of a machine learning fitting algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 15 4 is a flow chart of a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] In the figure: 1. Oil tank shell; 101. Oil tank inlet; 102. Sealing cover; 103. Exhaust pipe; 104. Oil inlet pipe; 105. Oil outlet pipe; 2. Flexible diaphragm; 201. Outer rubber layer; 202. Fiber reinforcement layer; 203. Inner rubber layer; 204. Temperature sensor; 205. Pressure sensor; 206. Diaphragm collar; 207. Horizontal extension; 3. Maintenance ladder; 301. Vertical rod; 302. Cross rod; 303. Vertical guide rail; 304. "U"-shaped safety guardrail; 305. Guide wheel; 306. Fixed pulley; 307. Liquid level pressure sensor; 308. Lighting assembly; 309. Connecting chain; 3010. Angle steel; 4. Flange assembly; 401. Flange seat; 402. Flange plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0085] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 13 As shown ( Figure 2The oil tank shell 1 is in an invisible state), this embodiment provides an oil-water isolation replacement oil tank with a maintenance ladder, including an oil tank shell 1, the oil tank shell 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the oil tank shell 1 adopts a steel structure. In this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the oil tank is rectangular and the transverse section is square.

[0088] The bottom inner wall of the oil tank shell 1 is detachably connected to a flexible diaphragm 2. Specifically, a horizontal extension 207 is formed on the bottom of the side wall of the flexible diaphragm 2 toward the direction close to the oil tank shell 1. The bottom inner wall of the oil tank shell 1 is sealed to the horizontal extension 207 of the flexible diaphragm through a flange assembly 4. Figure 4 As shown, the flange assembly 4 includes a flange seat 401, the bottom surface of the flange seat 401 is sealed with the inner bottom surface of the oil tank shell 1, the flange assembly 4 also includes a flange plate 402, the horizontal extension portion 207 is located between the flange seat 401 and the flange plate 402, and the flange seat 401 and the flange plate 402 are connected by a screw, which passes through the flange plate 40 and the horizontal extension portion 207 (the horizontal extension portion 207 is provided with a through hole compatible with the screw) from top to bottom, and is then screwed to the threaded hole on the flange seat 401.

[0089] A water storage cavity is formed in the flexible diaphragm 2, and water inlet and outlet pipes connected to the water storage cavity are provided at the bottom of the flexible diaphragm 2; an oil storage cavity is formed between the flexible diaphragm 2 and the oil tank shell 1, and oil inlet and outlet pipes 105 connected to the oil storage cavity are provided on the oil tank shell 1; an exhaust pipe 103 is provided on the top of the oil tank for balancing the air pressure inside and outside the oil tank.

[0090] A plurality of maintenance ladders 3 are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the oil tank shell 1. A plurality of oil tank entrances 101 are opened on the top of the oil tank shell 1. Each of the oil tank entrances 101 is located directly above a maintenance ladder 3, and each oil tank entrance 101 is detachably connected to a sealing cover 102. Each of the maintenance ladders 3 is connected to a vertical guide rail 303, and a plurality of guide wheels 305 are slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 303 (the structure of the guide wheel 305 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown), each of the guide wheels 305 is detachably connected to the outer surface of the flexible diaphragm 2 through a connecting chain 309 (a lightweight aluminum alloy chain in this embodiment).

[0091] The guide wheel 305 and the flexible diaphragm 2 are connected by a connecting chain 309 to prevent the flexible diaphragm 2 from shaking violently when the ship is sailing, thereby limiting and fastening the shape of the flexible diaphragm 2.

[0092] As a preferred embodiment, the water inlet and outlet pipes are inverted trapezoidal shapes, which can reduce the impact of the rapid flow of crude oil around the oil inlet and outlet pipes 105 on the flexible diaphragm 2.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, the flexible diaphragm 2 includes an outer rubber layer 201 , a fiber reinforced layer 202 and an inner rubber layer 203 . A plurality of diaphragm rings 206 are provided on the outer surface of the outer rubber layer 201 . The plurality of diaphragm rings 206 are connected to the guide wheel 305 via a connecting chain 309 .

[0094] The diaphragm collars 206 are divided into multiple groups. The diaphragm collars 206 in each group are arranged outside the outer rubber layer 201 of the flexible diaphragm 2 from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the diaphragm collars 206 in each group are connected to the same vertical guide rail 303. Figure 11 As shown, the guide wheel 305 and the diaphragm ring 206 are connected via a connecting chain 309 .

[0095] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, a pressure sensor 205 and a temperature sensor 204 are provided on the fiber reinforced layer 202 .

[0096] By using the data transmitted by the temperature sensor 204 and the diaphragm pressure sensor 205 disposed inside the flexible diaphragm 2 , the state parameters of the flexible diaphragm 2 can be obtained at any time, thereby determining whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be repaired or replaced.

[0097] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the maintenance ladder 3 further includes two parallel vertical bars 301, each connected to the inner wall of the oil tank shell 1 via a connecting rod. The two vertical bars 301 are connected by a plurality of cross bars 302. A horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail 304 is also connected between the two vertical bars 301. The opening of the horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail 304 faces the oil tank shell 1, and the vertical guide rail 303 is connected to the end of the "U"-shaped safety guardrail 304 away from the oil tank shell 1. The "U"-shaped guardrail 304 is not installed within 1 to 1.5 meters from the bottom of the oil tank shell 1 to facilitate workers' exit from the maintenance ladder 3.

[0098] The U-shaped safety guardrail 304 can provide safety protection for workers during operation, and at the same time, can prevent the rigid components of the maintenance ladder 3 from interfering with the flexible diaphragm 2 and causing damage to the flexible diaphragm 2.

[0099] In this embodiment, a total of four maintenance ladders 3 are provided, which are respectively arranged at the four corners of the oil tank. The two vertical rods 301 of each maintenance ladder 3 are connected to two adjacent surfaces of the oil tank shell 1 through connecting rods; the angle between the horizontal rod 302 and the two surfaces of the oil tank shell 1 is 45°.

[0100] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, further, a fixed pulley 306 is detachably connected to the top of the vertical guide rail 303 , and the rotation plane of the fixed pulley 306 is parallel to the vertical rod 301 .

[0101] The fixed pulley 306 can facilitate maintenance personnel to transport the flexible diaphragm 2 that needs to be replaced to the outside of the oil tank.

[0102] As a preferred embodiment, further, a lighting assembly 308 is provided on the side of each vertical rod 301 opposite to the other vertical rod 301, and the lighting assembly 308 includes lamp beads and a transparent protective cover. The lamp beads are embedded in the vertical rod 301, and the transparent protective cover is embedded in the rod wall of the vertical rod 301.

[0103] The internal circuit of the lamp bead is embedded in the main body of the maintenance ladder 3. The lamp bead is controlled by a remote control switch outside the oil tank. The transparent protective partition can not only prevent liquid from corroding the lamp bead, but also play a role in light transmission, increasing the convenience and safety of maintenance personnel when working.

[0104] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the maintenance ladder 3 is further provided with a liquid level pressure sensor 307, which is provided on the bottom side of the vertical rod 301. A small hole is provided on the side of the bottom of the vertical rod 301, and the liquid level pressure sensor 307 contacts the oil through the small hole.

[0105] The liquid level pressure sensor 307 is set at the bottom of the vertical rod 301. A small hole is provided on the side of the bottom of the vertical rod 301. Based on the principle of pressure P = ρgh, where ρ is the density of the measured liquid, g is the acceleration of gravity at the location of the ship, and h is the liquid level height, the liquid level pressure sensor 307 contacts the crude oil through the small hole to sense the liquid pressure, which is then converted into the height information of the crude oil level in the oil tank, so that the staff can understand the crude oil level in real time, which is convenient for controlling the crude oil in and out of the oil storage tank to prevent excessive liquid in the oil tank.

[0106] As a preferred embodiment, the oil tank also includes a monitoring and management device, which includes a data receiving module, a storage module, a processing module, an early warning module and a display screen arranged outside the oil tank shell 1; the data receiving module is used to receive the sensing data of the pressure sensor 205, the temperature sensor 204 and the liquid level pressure sensor 307, and transmit the received sensing data to the storage module and the processing module; the processing module is used to process the received sensing data and transmit the processed data to the early warning module; the early warning module compares the processed data with the set threshold value. If the processed data exceeds the threshold value, an early warning message is generated and the early warning message is transmitted to the display screen for display.

[0107] Through the monitoring and management device, the data of each sensor in the oil tank can be managed, and the level of digital management and automated management of the oil tank can be improved.

[0108] As a preferred embodiment, the guide wheels 305 are covered with a flexible material, which can reduce the collision intensity between different guide wheels 305.

[0109] As a preferred embodiment, the maintenance ladder 3 also includes a reinforcement assembly, comprising angle steel 3010 and cross steel. The angle steel 3010 is installed at the connection between the horizontal bar 302 and the vertical bar 301 to strengthen the connection between the horizontal bar 302 and the vertical bar 301. The angle steel 3010 is also installed at the connection between the vertical bar 301 and the connecting bar to strengthen the connection between the vertical bar 301 and the connecting bar. The cross steel is installed on the vertical guide rail 303 and the "U"-shaped guardrail 304 to strengthen the connection between the vertical guide rail 303 and the "U"-shaped guardrail 304. The angle steel 3010 and cross steel can extend the service life of the maintenance ladder 3.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment provides an oil tank maintenance method, comprising the following steps:

[0112] S1: Based on the sensing data received from the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, the damage degree of the flexible diaphragm is evaluated, and based on the damage degree, it is determined whether the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced or repaired. If so, the process proceeds to step S2;

[0113] S2: Drain all the water in the water storage chamber and the oil in the oil storage chamber, open the sealing cover to ventilate the oil tank, and after the ventilation is completed, measure the combustible gas concentration and oxygen concentration in the oil storage chamber. If the combustible gas concentration and oxygen concentration in the oil storage chamber meet the safety conditions, enter S3;

[0114] S3: Maintenance personnel enter the oil tank through a maintenance ladder. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be repaired, a rope is connected to the diaphragm collar, the rope is passed through a fixed pulley, and the flexible diaphragm is fully extended by pulling the rope, and then the repair is carried out at the location that needs to be repaired. If the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced, the connection between the guide wheel and the flexible diaphragm and the connection between the flexible diaphragm and the bottom of the oil tank shell are released, and a rope is connected to the diaphragm collar, the rope is passed through a fixed pulley, and the flexible diaphragm is transported to the oil tank inlet by pulling the rope, and then the flexible diaphragm is taken out of the oil tank, the diaphragm collar of the replaced flexible diaphragm is connected to the rope, and then the replaced flexible diaphragm is transported to the bottom of the oil tank for installation by loosening the rope.

[0115] S4: Check the sealing of the repaired or replaced flexible diaphragm and the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell. When the sealing of the flexible diaphragm and the cleanliness of the inner wall of the oil tank shell meet the maintenance standards, the maintenance personnel will come out of the oil tank through the maintenance ladder and cover the sealing cover.

[0116] The method for checking the sealing of the replaced flexible diaphragm is: inflate the flexible diaphragm to 0.3MPA. If the air pressure remains stable at 0.3MPA for a period of time without obvious changes, it means that the air tightness of the flexible diaphragm meets the requirements.

[0117] The method for testing the cleanliness of the interior of the oil tank is: the staff wipes the oil tank bulkhead with white silk cloth or dough. If the white silk cloth does not change color or there is no dust on the dough, it means that the cleanliness acceptance of the bulkhead meets the conditions.

[0118] Specifically, the S1 includes the following steps:

[0119] S101: Acquire sensing data from the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and determine whether the sensing data is abnormal. If so, proceed to step S102;

[0120] S102: Obtain the sensor position corresponding to the abnormal data, and obtain the shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm based on a machine learning fitting algorithm;

[0121] S103: Evaluate the damage degree of the flexible diaphragm using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm based on the sensor position corresponding to the abnormal data and the shape and size of the damaged part of the flexible diaphragm;

[0122] S104: Determine whether maintenance is required based on the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm and / or whether the usage time is greater than the service life. If necessary, further determine a maintenance plan; the maintenance plan includes replacing the flexible diaphragm and repairing the flexible diaphragm.

[0123] Specifically, if Figure 14 As shown, the construction process of the machine learning fitting algorithm specifically includes:

[0124] S1021: Obtain the size k0 of the oil tank, the pressure resistance k1 of the flexible diaphragm, the density k2 of the oil, and the density k3 of the water. Simultaneously, obtain historical damage data of the flexible diaphragm, including the pressure and temperature values ​​around the damage site, as well as the size and shape of the damage site.

[0125] S1022: Constructing a flexible diaphragm damage prediction equation, wherein the prediction equation is:

[0126]

[0127] Where: y(x,m) is the function value of the damage size / shape, x is the pressure / temperature value around the damage, m jis the coefficient of x, k j Including k0, k1, k2 and k3;

[0128] S1023: Construct the loss function E(m) between y(x,m) and the size / shape of the damage:

[0129]

[0130] Where: N is the number of damaged parts, t n The shape / size of the damaged area.

[0131] S1024: Derivative the loss function with respect to m to obtain the derivative equation:

[0132]

[0133] Solving the derivative equation to obtain the value of m;

[0134] S1025: Substitute the value of m into the prediction equation to obtain a machine learning fitting algorithm.

[0135] Specifically, if Figure 15 As shown, the construction process of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm specifically includes:

[0136] S1031: Define a factor set U = (u1, u2, u3), where u1 is the damage location, u2 is the damage size, and u3 is the damage shape;

[0137] S1032: Define a comment set V = (v1, v2, v3, v4), where v1 indicates severe damage, v2 indicates mild damage, v3 indicates mild damage, and v4 indicates mild damage;

[0138] S1033: Define the weight set W of each factor in the factor set. In this embodiment, the weight set W = {0.5, 0.3, 0.2};

[0139] S1034: Determine the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix R and evaluate each factor; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0140] (1) Scoring each factor and obtaining the degree of membership of each factor, and obtaining the fuzzy set R1 for u1, the fuzzy set R2 for u2, and the fuzzy set R3 for u3 based on the degree of membership of the factors;

[0141] If the membership degree of the first element in the factor set U to the first element in the comment set V is r 11 , then the result of single factor evaluation of factor u1 is expressed by fuzzy matrix as: R1=(r 11 , r 12 , r 13 , r14 ), similarly, we can obtain the fuzzy set R2 for u2 and the fuzzy combination R3 for u3;

[0142] (2) Fuzzy sets R1, R2 and R3 are combined into a matrix, which is the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix R;

[0143] S1035: Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation: perform matrix synthesis operation Z=W×R, and take the comment corresponding to the largest value in the matrix Z as the evaluation result.

[0144] The calculated matrix Z = {z1,z2,z3,z4}, compare the sizes of z1,z2,z3 and z4, if z1 is the largest, the evaluation result is v1, if z2 is the largest, the evaluation result is v2, if z3 is the largest, the evaluation result is v3, if z4 is the largest, the evaluation result is v4.

[0145] When the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm is v1, the diaphragm needs to be replaced; when the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm is v2 but the usage time of the flexible diaphragm has not exceeded its service life, the flexible diaphragm needs to be repaired; when the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm is v3 and the usage time of the flexible diaphragm exceeds its service life, the flexible diaphragm needs to be replaced; when the degree of damage of the flexible diaphragm is V4, there is no need to process the flexible diaphragm temporarily.

[0146] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil-water isolation replacement tank with a maintenance ladder, characterized in that: The invention comprises an oil tank shell and a flexible diaphragm disposed in the oil tank shell, wherein the bottom of the flexible diaphragm is open, and a horizontal extension portion is formed at the bottom of a side wall of the flexible diaphragm toward the oil tank shell, and the inner wall of the bottom of the oil tank shell is sealedly connected to the horizontal extension portion of the flexible diaphragm via a flange assembly; The flexible diaphragm includes an outer rubber layer, a fiber reinforcement layer and an inner rubber layer. The outer surface of the outer rubber layer is provided with a plurality of diaphragm rings, and the plurality of diaphragm rings are connected to the guide wheel through a connecting chain; the fiber reinforcement layer is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; A water storage cavity is formed in the flexible diaphragm, and a water inlet and outlet pipe communicating with the water storage cavity is provided at the bottom of the oil tank shell; an oil storage cavity is formed between the flexible diaphragm and the oil tank shell, and an oil inlet and outlet pipe communicating with the oil storage cavity is provided on the oil tank shell; A plurality of maintenance ladders are vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the oil tank shell, and each of the maintenance ladders is arranged at an angle formed by two adjacent surfaces of the oil tank shell; a plurality of oil tank entrances are opened on the top of the oil tank shell, and each of the oil tank entrances is located directly above a maintenance ladder; Each of the maintenance ladders is connected to a vertical guide rail, and a number of guide wheels are slidably connected to the vertical guide rail, and each of the guide wheels is detachably connected to the outer surface of the flexible diaphragm through a connecting chain; the maintenance ladder includes two vertical rods parallel to each other, and each of the vertical rods is connected to the inner wall of the oil tank shell through a connecting rod; the two vertical rods are connected by a number of cross rods; a horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail is also connected between the two vertical rods, and the opening of the horizontal "U"-shaped safety guardrail faces the oil tank shell, and the vertical guide rail is connected to the end of the "U"-shaped safety guardrail away from the oil tank shell.

2. The oil-water isolation and replacement tank with a maintenance ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed pulley is detachably connected to the top of the vertical guide rail, and a rotation plane of the fixed pulley is parallel to the vertical rod.

3. The oil-water isolation and replacement tank with a maintenance ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lighting assembly is provided on the side of each vertical rod opposite to the other vertical rod. The lighting assembly includes lamp beads and a transparent protective cover. The lamp beads are embedded in the vertical rod, and the transparent protective cover is embedded in the rod wall of the vertical rod. A pressure liquid level sensor is also provided on the bottom side of the vertical rod.

4. The oil-water isolation and replacement tank with a maintenance ladder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The oil tank further includes a monitoring and management device, which includes a data receiving module, a storage module, a processing module, an early warning module, and a display screen, which are arranged outside the oil tank shell; the data receiving module is used to receive sensing data from the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the pressure-type liquid level sensor, and transmit the received sensing data to the storage module and the processing module; the processing module is used to process the received sensing data and transmit the processed data to the early warning module; The warning module compares the processed data with a set threshold value. If the processed data exceeds the threshold value, a warning message is generated and transmitted to the display screen for display.

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