Thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for aircraft electric environmental control systems

Abstract

The present invention discloses a test platform for the thermal and wet characteristics of an aircraft electric environmental control system, belonging to the field of experimental platform technology. The platform includes a fan, a compressor, a spray device, a working medium detection device, and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a hot side inlet, a cold side inlet, a hot side outlet, and a cold side outlet. The spray device includes a first nozzle and a second nozzle. The fan outlet and the cold side inlet are connected via a first pipe. The first nozzle is disposed at the fan outlet and is configured to spray water mist into the first pipe. The fan is configured to transport a heat exchange working medium into the heat exchanger. The compressor outlet and the hot side inlet are connected via a second pipe. The second nozzle is configured to spray water mist into the compressor inlet. The compressor is configured to transport a heat exchange working medium into the heat exchanger. The heat exchange working medium includes air and spray. The working medium detection device is configured to detect the physical properties of the heat exchange working medium. The present invention can comprehensively consider wet operating condition testing of the heat exchanger and the electric compressor, more realistically simulating the actual operating state of the aircraft electric environmental control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental platforms, in particular to a thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system. Background Art

[0002] The aircraft cabin environmental control system (ECS), also known as the environmental control system, is crucial for maintaining cabin pressure, temperature / humidity, and air quality, creating a normal and comfortable living environment for pilots and passengers. Modern aircraft's ECSs often utilize an air cycle refrigeration system (ACS), which primarily consists of three components: a heat exchanger (including a primary radiator, secondary radiator, regenerator, and condenser), an air cycle machine (including a compressor, fan, and turbine), and a water separator.

[0003] Traditional ACSs use engine bleed air as their air source. However, electric environmental control systems eliminate engine bleed air and instead use a motor-driven compressor to compress outside air as a high-pressure air source to supply the system. Therefore, the operating principle of an electric environmental control system shows that both the heat exchanger and the electric compressor are key components of the system. The electric compressor supplies air to the system, while the heat exchanger handles the primary heat transfer process. The heat exchanger primarily operates under hot and wet conditions with an air-water mixture. In aircraft electric environmental control systems, the electric compressor and heat exchanger are often used in series, flowing the same working fluid. This leads to mutual correlation and influence between the working fluid's thermodynamic parameters. However, prior art research on heat exchangers primarily focuses on dry air as the medium, and no test platform has been designed for conducting thermal and wet performance testing of heat exchangers and electric compressors in aircraft electric environmental control systems. Consequently, prior art fails to comprehensively consider wet-condition testing of these two components, failing to more realistically simulate the actual operating conditions of aircraft electric environmental control systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal and wet characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system, which can comprehensively consider the wet operating condition tests of the heat exchanger and the electric compressor, and more realistically simulate the actual operating state of the aircraft electric environmental control system.

[0005] The present invention provides a thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system.

[0006] It includes: a fan, a compressor, a spray device, a working medium detection device and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes a hot side inlet, a cold side inlet, a hot side outlet and a cold side outlet;

[0007] The spray device includes a first nozzle and a second nozzle;

[0008] The outlet of the fan is connected to the inlet of the cold side through a first pipe; the first nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the fan and is used to spray water mist into the first pipe; the fan is used to transport the heat exchange medium to the heat exchanger;

[0009] The outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the hot side through a second pipe; the second nozzle is used to spray toward the inlet of the compressor; the compressor is used to transport the heat exchange medium to the heat exchanger;

[0010] The heat exchange medium includes air and spray, and the medium detection device is used to detect the physical properties of the heat exchange medium.

[0011] Preferably, the working medium detection device includes a first detection device, a second detection device, a third detection device and a fourth detection device. The hot side inlet, the cold side inlet, the hot side outlet, the cold side outlet and the outlet of the fan are all provided with a first detection device. The first detection device is used to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the working medium. One end of the second detection device is provided at the cold side inlet, and the other end is provided at the cold side outlet. The second detection device detects the pressure difference between the cold side inlet and the cold side outlet; the third detection device is provided between the first nozzle and the cold side inlet and between the second nozzle and the inlet of the compressor. The third detection device is used to detect the water droplet particle size of the spray. The hot side outlet and the cold side outlet are both provided with a fourth detection device. The fourth detection device is used to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange working medium.

[0012] Preferably, the first detection device is a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a humidity transmitter.

[0013] Preferably, the second detection device is a differential pressure transmitter.

[0014] Preferably, the third detection device includes a first laser particle size analyzer and a second laser particle size analyzer, the first laser particle size analyzer is arranged between the first nozzle and the cold edge inlet, and is used to detect the particle size of water droplets in the spray sprayed by the first nozzle; the second laser particle size analyzer is arranged between the second nozzle and the inlet of the compressor, and is used to detect the particle size of water droplets in the spray sprayed by the second nozzle.

[0015] Preferably, the system further comprises a computer, which is communicatively connected to the first laser particle size analyzer and the second laser particle size analyzer, and is used to receive and process measurement signals from the first laser particle size analyzer and the second laser particle size analyzer.

[0016] Preferably, the fourth detection device includes a first mass flow meter and a second mass flow meter, the first mass flow meter is arranged at the cold side outlet, and is used to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the cold side outlet, and the second mass flow meter is used to be arranged at the hot side outlet, and is used to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the hot side outlet.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a first frequency regulator, which is electrically connected to the fan and is used to supply power to the fan and to control the flow rate delivered by the fan.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a second frequency regulator, which is electrically connected to the compressor and is used to supply power to the compressor and control the flow rate delivered by the compressor.

[0019] Preferably, the spray device also includes an air compressor and a pressure water tank, the pressure water tank includes an air inlet and a water outlet, the outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first nozzle, the air inlet and the air inlet of the second nozzle, and the water outlet of the pressure water tank is connected to the water inlet of the first nozzle and the water inlet of the second nozzle.

[0020] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0021] The present invention adds a spray device and a working medium detection device to the aircraft electric environmental control system. The spray device can spray spray into the system, so that the system operates under wet working conditions. In addition, the working medium detection device can detect the physical properties of the heat exchange working medium, including the temperature, humidity, pressure, pressure difference and flow rate of the heat exchange working medium. Specific detection items and detection positions can be set according to specific experiments. This makes it possible to use a spray heat exchange medium for heat exchange in the study of heat exchangers, so that heat exchangers and compressors of aircraft electric environmental control systems can be tested for thermal and wet characteristics, including heat exchanger thermal and wet characteristics tests, compressor thermal and wet characteristics tests, and comprehensive thermal and wet characteristics tests of key components (heat exchangers and compressors). The ability to comprehensively consider the wet working condition tests of these two major components can more realistically simulate the operating state of the aircraft electric environmental control system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for the aircraft electric environmental control system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the environment detection device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1-electric compressor; 2-observation window; 3-second laser particle size analyzer; 4-conduit; 5-second nozzle; 6-fifth valve; 7-fourth valve; 8-air compressor; 9-pressure water tank; 10-first valve; 11-pressure transmitter; 12-third valve; 13-second water flow meter; 14-second valve; 15-first water flow meter; 16-fan; 17-first frequency regulator; 18-first nozzle; 19-first laser particle size analyzer; 20-computer; 21-differential pressure transmitter; 22-hot side inlet; 23-cold side inlet; 24-hot side outlet; 25-heat exchanger; 26-cold side outlet; 27-second mass flow meter; 28-first mass flow meter; 29-temperature transmitter; 30-humidity transmitter; 31-second frequency regulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test platform for the thermal and wet characteristics of an aircraft electric environmental control system to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It can comprehensively consider the wet operating condition testing of the heat exchanger and the electric compressor, and more realistically simulate the actual operating state of the aircraft electric environmental control system.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system. Figure 1As shown, it includes: a fan 16, a compressor 1, a spray device, a working medium detection device and a heat exchanger 25, the heat exchanger 25 includes a hot side inlet 22, a cold side inlet 23, a hot side outlet 24 and a cold side outlet 26; the spray device includes a first nozzle 18 and a second nozzle 5; the outlet of the fan 16 is connected to the cold side inlet 23 through a first pipe; the first nozzle 18 is arranged at the outlet of the fan 16 for spraying water mist into the first pipe; the fan 16 is used to transport the heat exchange working medium to the heat exchanger 25; the outlet of the compressor is connected to the hot side inlet 22 through a second pipe; the second nozzle 5 is used to spray towards the inlet of the compressor; the compressor is used to transport the heat exchange working medium to the heat exchanger 25; the heat exchange working medium includes air and spray, and the working medium detection device is used to detect the physical properties of the heat exchange working medium. A spray device and a working fluid detection device are added to the aircraft's electric environmental control system. The spray device can spray mist into the system, allowing the system to operate under wet conditions. Furthermore, the working fluid detection device can detect the physical properties of the heat exchange working fluid, including temperature, humidity, pressure, pressure difference at different locations, and flow rate. Specific testing items and locations can be set according to the specific experiment. This allows for the use of a spray heat exchange medium for heat exchange in the study of heat exchanger 25, allowing for thermal and humidity characteristics testing of the compressor of heat exchanger 25 in the aircraft's electric environmental control system. This includes thermal and humidity characteristics testing of heat exchanger 25, compressor thermal and humidity characteristics testing, and comprehensive thermal and humidity characteristics testing of key components (heat exchanger 25 and compressor). By comprehensively considering wet condition testing of these two major components, the operating state of the aircraft's electric environmental control system can be more realistically simulated.

[0031] In this embodiment, the working medium detection device includes a first detection device, a second detection device, a third detection device, and a fourth detection device. The first detection device is provided at the hot side inlet 22, the cold side inlet 23, the hot side outlet 24, the cold side outlet 26, and the outlet of the fan 16. The first detection device is used to detect the temperature, humidity, and pressure of the working medium. The second detection device is provided at one end at the cold side inlet 23 and the other end at the cold side outlet 26. The second detection device detects the pressure difference between the cold side inlet 23 and the cold side outlet 26. A third detection device is provided between the first nozzle 18 and the cold side inlet 23 and between the second nozzle 5 and the compressor inlet. The third detection device is used to detect the droplet size of the spray. A fourth detection device is provided at the hot side outlet 24 and the cold side outlet 26. The fourth detection device is used to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange working medium. According to experimental requirements, detection devices are installed at the locations where they are needed to detect the physical properties of the working medium, provide basic data for the experiment, and facilitate experimental conduct and analysis.

[0032] In this embodiment, it is preferred that the first detection device includes a pressure transmitter 11 for detecting pressure, a temperature transmitter 29 for detecting temperature, and a humidity transmitter 30 for detecting humidity.

[0033] In this embodiment, the second detection device preferably uses a differential pressure transmitter 21 to detect the pressure difference. In this embodiment, the pressure transmitter 11, temperature transmitter 29, humidity transmitter 30 and differential pressure transmitter 21 are all installed by inserting probes into the pipes where the heat exchange medium flows.

[0034] In this embodiment, the third detection device includes a first laser particle size analyzer 19 and a second laser particle size analyzer 3. The first laser particle size analyzer 19 is positioned between the first nozzle 18 and the cold-side inlet 23, and is used to detect the size of water droplets in the spray ejected from the first nozzle 18. The second laser particle size analyzer 3 is positioned between the second nozzle 5 and the compressor inlet, and is used to detect the size of water droplets in the spray ejected from the second nozzle 5. Specifically, in this embodiment, a transparent observation window 2 is provided on the first pipeline between the cold-side inlet 23 and the first nozzle 18, and the first laser particle size analyzer 19 is positioned outside the observation window 2 to detect the size of water droplets in the spray in the first pipeline. Regarding the placement of the second laser particle size analyzer 3, a stainless steel conduit 4 with a larger cross-section is provided at the compressor inlet to guide the spray ejected from the second nozzle 5 into the compressor. This conduit 4 is also provided with a transparent observation window 2, and the second laser particle size analyzer 3 is positioned outside the observation window 2 to detect the size of water droplets in the spray entering the compressor.

[0035] In this embodiment, a computer 20 is further included. The computer 20 is in communication with the first laser particle size analyzer 19 and the second laser particle size analyzer 3 . The computer 20 is used to receive and process measurement signals from the first laser particle size analyzer 19 and the second laser particle size analyzer 3 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the fourth detection device includes a first mass flow meter 28 and a second mass flow meter 27. The first mass flow meter 28 is arranged at the cold edge outlet 26 to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the cold edge outlet 26. The second mass flow meter 27 is used to be arranged at the hot edge outlet 24 to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the hot edge outlet 24.

[0037] In this embodiment, a first frequency regulator 17 is further included. The first frequency regulator 17 is electrically connected to the fan 16 . The first frequency regulator 17 is used to supply power to the fan 16 and to control the flow rate delivered by the fan 16 .

[0038] In this embodiment, a second frequency regulator 31 is further included. The second frequency regulator 31 is electrically connected to the compressor and is used to power the compressor and control the flow rate delivered by the compressor. The compressor in this embodiment is preferably an electric compressor 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the spray device also includes an air compressor 8 and a pressure water tank 9. The pressure water tank 9 includes an air inlet and a water outlet. The outlet of the air compressor 8 is connected to the air inlet of the first nozzle 18, the air inlet and the air inlet of the second nozzle 5, and the water outlet of the pressure water tank 9 is connected to the water inlet of the first nozzle 18 and the water inlet of the second nozzle 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, the flow paths of the medium in the heat exchange hot side, cold side and spray device are classified into a hot path, a cold path and a spray pipeline.

[0041] Among them, the heat circuit starts from the electric compressor 1. A stainless steel pipe with a larger cross-section is installed at the inlet of the electric compressor 1 for gas and spray introduction, and the pipe is processed with an observation window 2. A second laser particle size analyzer 3 can be placed on both sides of the observation window 2. The frequency modulator is connected to the electric compressor 1 through a transmission line. The second pipe is a stainless steel pipe for conveying gas (heat exchange medium). The compressor outlet is connected to the second pipe through a flange. Then the second pipe is connected to the hot side inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 25 through a flange. The hot side outlet 24 of the heat exchanger 25 is connected to the stainless steel pipe through a flange. Finally, the stainless steel pipe is connected to the second mass flow meter 27 through a flange. Pressure transmitters 11, temperature transmitters 29 and humidity transmitters 30 are arranged near the hot side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 25. Their respective detection heads are inserted into the pipe and fixedly installed.

[0042] The cold circuit begins at fan 16. A first frequency regulator 17 is connected to fan 16 via a power line. The outlet of fan 16 is flanged to a first stainless steel pipe. The other end of the first pipe is flanged to the cold side inlet 23 of a heat exchanger 25. A transparent observation window 2 is located in the middle of the first pipe. The cold side outlet 26 of the heat exchanger 25 is flanged to the stainless steel pipe, which is also flanged to a first mass flowmeter 28. Near the cold side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 25 are a pressure transmitter 11, a differential pressure transmitter 21, a temperature transmitter 29, and a humidity transmitter 30. Their probes are inserted into the pipe and fixedly mounted. Furthermore, a laser particle size analyzer is placed on either side of the observation window 2 and connected to a computer 20 via a data cable.

[0043] The spray pipeline starts from the air compressor 8, and is connected to the first valve 10, the fourth valve 7, and the fifth valve 6 through a PU hose and a hose connector. The first valve 10 is then connected to the first nozzle 18 for atomization, the fourth valve 7 is then connected to the pressure water tank 9, and the fifth valve 6 is then connected to the second nozzle 5 for atomization; water flows out from the bottom of the pressure water tank 9, and is connected to the second valve 14 and the third valve 12 through a PU hose and a hose connector, and then to the first water flow meter 15 and the second water flow meter 13, and then to the first nozzle 18 and the second nozzle 5; the first nozzle 18 and the second nozzle 5 are both fixedly installed by a bracket.

[0044] This embodiment also installs pressure, temperature, and humidity detection equipment for detecting the physical properties of the environment on the aircraft electric environmental control system thermal and humidity characteristics test platform. These devices are used to detect the physical properties of the environment in which the aircraft electric environmental control system thermal and humidity characteristics test platform is located, providing environmental parameters for the operation of the aircraft electric environmental control system thermal and humidity characteristics test platform. In this embodiment, when the aircraft electric environmental control system thermal and humidity characteristics test platform is indoors, the environmental detection device for detecting the physical properties of the environment, such as Figure 2 The pressure transmitter 11, the temperature transmitter 29, and the humidity transmitter 30 are directly exposed to the indoor environment.

[0045] In this embodiment, the air on the cold side of the heat exchanger 25 is humidified by spraying with an atomizing nozzle, simulating the water spraying at the cold side inlet 23 of the secondary radiator in the electric environmental control system, and then conducting experimental research on the thermal and humid characteristics of the heat exchanger 25.

[0046] In this embodiment, a humidifying spray is applied to the inlet of the electric compressor 1 through an atomizing nozzle to simulate the water spraying at the inlet of the electric compressor 1 of the electric environmental control system, and the wet compression technology is applied to the electric environmental control system, thereby conducting experimental research on the thermal and wet characteristics of the electric compressor 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, the heat and humidity characteristics tests of the heat exchanger 25 and the electric compressor 1 are integrated into a single test platform. Water spraying is implemented at the inlet of the cold side of the heat exchanger 25, while the electric compressor 1 simultaneously supplies air to the hot side of the heat exchanger 25 and sprays water at its inlet. These two components can be tested independently or simultaneously, eliminating any interference or impact on each other's operations. Some equipment, such as the laser particle size analyzer and pressure water tank 9, is shared, making the test economical and shortening the testing and research cycle for these two key components of the environmental control system.

[0048] In this embodiment, a fan 16 is used to supply air to the cold circuit. The air at the cold circuit inlet is dry air at room temperature, simulating the relatively dry ram air in a high-altitude flight environment.

[0049] In this embodiment, electric compressor 1 is used to supply air to the hot side of heat exchanger 25, simulating the intake air of electric compressor 1 in an electric environmental control system, thereby achieving a high pressure ratio. Firstly, electric compressor 1 serves as the wet compression test subject, spraying water at the compressor inlet to complete the thermal and wet characteristics test of electric compressor 1. Secondly, by utilizing the pressure and temperature increase effect of electric compressor 1 under high pressure ratio, the high-temperature, wet air at the outlet serves as the high-temperature working medium at the hot side inlet 22 of heat exchanger 25 in the test, exchanging heat with the low-temperature air at the cold side. This further simulates the system flow of compressed air from electric compressor 1 entering the hot side of the primary radiator for heat exchange in the electric environmental control system, more realistically simulating the actual operating state of the bleed air from electric compressor 1 in the environmental control system.

[0050] In addition, the mass flow meter can be located anywhere in the pipeline, not just at the pipe outlet.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first nozzle 18 sprays humidified air at the cold side of the heat exchanger 25, simulating water spray at the cold side inlet 23 of the secondary radiator in the environmental control system. Furthermore, the wet compression technology of this embodiment is applied to the electric environmental control system. The second nozzle 5 sprays humidified water mist at the inlet of the electric compressor 1, simulating water spray at the inlet of the electric environmental control system. This provides technical support for experimental research on the thermal and hygroscopic characteristics of the heat exchanger 25 and the electric compressor 1 in the electric environmental control system.

[0052] This embodiment combines the features of platforms for testing the thermal and humidity characteristics of heat exchanger 25 and electric compressor 1, forming a comprehensive test platform. This platform can conduct thermal and humidity characteristics tests on these two components independently or simultaneously, improving the economic efficiency of experimental research and shortening the research cycle. The entire platform can simulate the operating conditions of the heat exchanger 25 and electric compressor 1 of the electric environmental control system under high-altitude flight conditions, allowing tests to be conducted more closely aligned with the actual conditions of the aircraft's environmental control system, resulting in more accurate and reliable test results. This platform can provide a theoretical basis and experimental support for research on the energy efficiency and thermal and humidity characteristics of key components of aircraft electric environmental control systems.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] In this embodiment, the device in the first embodiment is used to perform a thermal and humidity characteristic test on the heat exchanger 25 .

[0055] The purpose of the heat and humidity characteristics test of heat exchanger 25 is to test and study the heat transfer and flow characteristics of heat exchanger 25 under wet working conditions of air-water two-phase working medium. The specific test method is as follows:

[0056] The hot route is supplied with air by electric compressor 1, with the gas flow rate regulated by a second frequency regulator 31, simulating the air intake of electric compressor 1 in an electric environmental control system. High-temperature, high-pressure air enters the hot-side inlet 22 of heat exchanger 25, exchanges heat with the cold-side air, and is then discharged through the hot-side outlet 24 of heat exchanger 25. Pressure transmitters 11 and temperature transmitters 29 are used near the hot-side inlet and outlet of heat exchanger 25 to collect pressure and temperature data for the hot-side air. A second mass flowmeter 27 is used at the outlet to measure the air flow in the duct.

[0057] The cold route is supplied with air by the fan 16, which simulates the ram air of the cold side of the secondary radiator of the aircraft environmental control system. The fan 16 adjusts the air flow through the first frequency regulator 17. The air is driven by the fan 16 into the first pipe. The pressure transmitter 11, temperature transmitter 29 and humidity transmitter 30 are arranged at the inlet of the first pipe, that is, the outlet of the fan 16, to measure the air pressure, temperature and humidity data at the pipe inlet.

[0058] The first pipe is a stainless steel pipe with a first nozzle 18 installed in the middle. The first nozzle 18 is connected to the air compressor 8 outside the first pipe via a hose and a first valve 10. It is then connected to the pressure water tank 9 outside the pipe via a hose and a second valve 14. The air compressor 8 provides high-pressure air in two ways: one directly feeds the first nozzle 18, where the air flow rate is adjusted by the first valve 10; the other feeds the pressure water tank 9 to pressurize the water tank and increase the water pressure. The water flow rate is adjusted by the second valve 14, and measured by the first water flowmeter 15. The high-pressure air and water are mixed and sprayed out of the first nozzle 18, achieving atomization and providing a spray for the dry air in the first pipe, simulating water spray at the cold side inlet 23 of the secondary radiator of the environmental control system.

[0059] The spray in the first pipeline mixes with dry air to form an air-water two-phase working medium, which then flows through pipeline observation window 2 and enters cold-side inlet 23 of heat exchanger 25. First laser particle size analyzers 19 are positioned on both sides of first pipeline observation window 2 to measure the spray particle size. The particle size analyzers collect spray particle size data, which is then input into computer 20 for display. The wet air containing liquid water droplets exchanges heat with the high-temperature, high-pressure air on the cold side of heat exchanger 25, absorbing heat and increasing in temperature. It is then discharged from cold-side outlet 26 of heat exchanger 25. A first mass flowmeter 28 measures the pipeline air flow at cold-side outlet 26. Pressure, temperature, and humidity transmitters 30 are located near the cold-side inlet and outlet of heat exchanger 25 to measure the wet air pressure, temperature, and humidity. A differential pressure transmitter 21 measures the inlet and outlet pressure differential.

[0060] The thermal data collected and acquired include the hot side and cold side air mass flow rate, cold side water spray volume, spray particle size, hot side inlet and outlet pressure and temperature, cold side inlet and outlet pressure, pressure difference, temperature and humidity. Under different hot side and cold side air mass flow rates, different spray particle sizes and different water spray volumes, the heat exchange efficiency is obtained by the inlet and outlet temperatures, the flow resistance of the heat exchanger 25 is obtained by the inlet and outlet pressure difference, and the water evaporation amount is obtained by the inlet and outlet humidity. Finally, the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of the heat exchanger 25 are obtained, revealing the thermal and humidity characteristics of the heat exchanger 25, thereby providing a theoretical basis and experimental support for water spraying at the cold side inlet 23 of the radiator of the environmental control system in a high-altitude dry environment.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment uses the device in the first embodiment to conduct a thermal and humidity characteristics test on the electric compressor 1 .

[0063] The purpose of the thermal and wet characteristics test of the electric compressor 1 is to test and study the wet compression characteristics of the electric compressor 1. The specific test method is as follows:

[0064] Electric compressor 1 is powered and frequency-regulated by a second frequency regulator 31 to control air flow. A duct with an observation window 2 is installed at the inlet of electric compressor 1. Ambient air flows into the inlet duct under suction at the inlet of electric compressor 1. The pressure, temperature, and humidity of the inlet air can be measured by a pressure transmitter 11, a temperature transmitter 29, and a humidity transmitter 30 located indoors.

[0065] A second nozzle 5 is installed at the center of the pipeline inlet of the electric compressor 1. This second nozzle 5 is connected to an air compressor 8 outside the pipeline via a hose and a fifth valve 6. This hose is then connected to a pressure water tank 9 outside the pipeline via a third valve 12. The air compressor 8 provides high-pressure air, which is divided into two paths. One path flows directly into the second nozzle 5, where the air flow rate is adjusted by the fifth valve 6. The other path flows into the pressure water tank 9 to pressurize the water tank and increase the water pressure. The water flow rate is adjusted by the third valve 12, and the water flow rate is measured by a second water flowmeter 13. The high-pressure air and water are mixed and sprayed out of the second nozzle 5, achieving atomization. This spray is then provided to the inlet of the electric compressor 1, simulating water spray at the inlet of the electric compressor 1 and creating the inlet working medium conditions of wet compression.

[0066] At the inlet of electric compressor 1, spray mixes with inlet dry air to form an air-water two-phase working medium. This medium flows through pipeline observation window 2 and enters the compressor. Laser particle size analyzers are placed on both sides of pipeline observation window 2 to measure the spray particle size. The particle size analyzers collect spray particle size data, which is then input into computer 20 for display. After the spray mixes with dry air, it enters electric compressor 1 for compression, where it is pressurized and heated to form high-pressure, high-temperature humid air. This air is then discharged from the compressor outlet and flows into the hot circuit pipeline. A second mass flowmeter 27 measures the pipeline air flow at the end of the hot circuit pipeline. At the compressor outlet, a pressure, temperature, and humidity transmitter 30 measures the pressure, temperature, and humidity of the outlet humid air.

[0067] The thermal data collected and acquired include the ambient air temperature, humidity, and pressure, the temperature, humidity, and pressure of the air at the outlet of the electric compressor 1, the air flow rate, water spray volume, and spray particle size of the electric compressor 1. The pressure ratio of the electric compressor 1 is calculated under different compressor air flow rates, different water spray volumes, and different spray particle sizes. The compressor efficiency and power consumption are obtained through the inlet and outlet temperatures. The water evaporation volume is obtained through the inlet and outlet humidity. The wet compression performance of the electric compressor 1 is obtained, and the thermal and wet characteristics of the electric compressor 1 are revealed, thereby providing a theoretical basis and experimental support for water spraying at the inlet of the electric compressor 1 of the electric environmental control system.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] In this embodiment, the device in the first embodiment is used to conduct a comprehensive test on the thermal and hygroscopic characteristics of key components. In this embodiment, the preferred key components are the heat exchanger 25 and the electric compressor 1 .

[0070] The comprehensive test of thermal and wet characteristics of key components can be carried out by jointly conducting wet condition tests of the heat exchanger 25 and the electric compressor 1. The specific test method is as follows:

[0071] The cold route is supplied with air by fan 16, simulating the ram air from the cold side of the secondary radiator of the aircraft's environmental control system. Fan 16 regulates the air flow rate via a first frequency regulator 17, driving air into the first duct. A pressure transmitter 11, a temperature transmitter 29, and a humidity transmitter 30 are located at the duct inlet, i.e., the outlet of fan 16, to measure the air pressure, temperature, and humidity at the inlet of the first duct. The hot route is supplied with air by electric compressor 1, which regulates the air flow rate via a second frequency regulator 31, simulating the air intake of electric compressor 1 in the electric environmental control system. A duct with an observation window 2 is installed at the inlet of electric compressor 1. The pressure, temperature, and humidity of the inlet air can be measured using the pressure transmitter 11, temperature transmitter 29, and humidity transmitter 30 located indoors.

[0072] Atomizing nozzles are installed in the center of the first pipeline and at the center of the inlet of the electric compressor 1. Both nozzles are connected to the air compressor 8 outside the pipeline via hoses and valves, and to the pressure water tank 9 outside the pipeline via hoses and valves. The air compressor 8 provides high-pressure air, which is divided into three routes: one route directly to the first nozzle 18 and one route directly to the second nozzle 5. Both routes have valves for regulating the air flow rate. Another route is connected to the pressure water tank 9 to increase the water pressure. The pressure water tank 9 provides high-pressure water, which is divided into two routes: one route directly to the first nozzle 18 and the other route directly to the second nozzle 5. Both routes have valves for regulating the water flow rate. The first and second water flow meters 15 and 13 measure the water flow rates of these two routes, respectively. The high-pressure air and water are mixed and sprayed from the first and second nozzles 18 and 5, respectively, to form a mist, providing spray to the first pipeline and the inlet of the electric compressor 1, respectively, simulating water spraying at the cold side inlet 23 of the secondary radiator of the electric environmental control system and at the inlet of the electric compressor 1.

[0073] The spray inside the first pipe mixes with the incoming dry air to form an air-water two-phase working medium, which then flows through the first pipe observation window 2 and into the cold-side inlet 23 of the heat exchanger 25. Simultaneously, the spray at the inlet of the electric compressor 1 mixes with the inlet dry air to form an air-water two-phase working medium, which then flows through the compressor inlet pipe observation window 2 and into the electric compressor 1. Laser particle size analyzers are positioned outside the first pipe observation window 2 and the inlet pipe observation window 2 of the electric compressor 1 to measure the spray particle size. The particle size analyzer collects the spray particle size data and imports it into the computer 20 to display the spray particle size values ​​inside the first pipe and at the inlet of the electric compressor 1.

[0074] The humid air containing liquid water droplets exchanges heat with the high-temperature and high-pressure humid air on the cold side of the heat exchanger 25 and the hot side, absorbs heat and rises in temperature, and then is discharged from the cold side outlet 26 of the heat exchanger 25. A first mass flowmeter 28 is used to measure the pipeline air flow at the cold circuit outlet. A pressure, temperature and humidity transmitter 30 is used near the inlet and outlet of the cold side of the heat exchanger 25 to measure the pressure, temperature and humidity data of the humid air, and the inlet and outlet pressure difference is measured by the pressure differential transmitter 21. At the same time, the wet air containing liquid water droplets enters the electric compressor 1 for compression, pressure increase and temperature increase, the water droplets evaporate, and high-temperature and high-pressure wet air is formed, which is discharged from the compressor outlet, flows into the hot path pipe, enters the hot side inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 25, exchanges heat with the low-temperature wet air on the cold side, and is then discharged from the hot side outlet 24 of the heat exchanger 25. A second mass flowmeter 27 is used to measure the pipeline air flow at the outlet of the hot path pipe, and a pressure, temperature and humidity transmitter 30 is used at the outlet of the electric compressor 1, that is, the hot side inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 25, to measure the pressure, temperature and humidity data of the compressed wet air, and the pressure, temperature and humidity data of the outlet wet air are measured at the hot side outlet 24 of the heat exchanger 25.

[0075] The thermal data collected and obtained include the air mass flow rate of the hot and cold sides of the heat exchanger 25, the water spray volume and spray particle size of the cold side of the heat exchanger 25, the inlet and outlet pressure and temperature of the hot side of the heat exchanger 25, the inlet and outlet pressure, pressure difference, temperature and humidity of the cold side of the heat exchanger 25. Under different hot and cold side air mass flow rates, different spray particle sizes and different water spray volumes, the heat exchange efficiency is obtained by the inlet and outlet temperatures, the flow resistance of the heat exchanger 25 is obtained by the inlet and outlet pressure difference, and the water evaporation amount of the heat exchanger 25 is obtained by the inlet and outlet humidity. Finally, the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of the heat exchanger 25 are obtained, revealing the thermal and humidity characteristics of the heat exchanger 25. The collected thermal data include ambient air temperature, humidity, and pressure; the temperature, humidity, and pressure of the air at the outlet of electric compressor 1; the air flow rate of electric compressor 1; the water spray rate and spray particle size of electric compressor 1. The inlet and outlet pressures are used to calculate the pressure ratio of electric compressor 1, the compressor efficiency and power consumption, and the water evaporation rate of electric compressor 1, respectively, at different compressor air flow rates, water spray rates, and spray particle sizes. The wet compression performance of electric compressor 1 is obtained by calculating the inlet and outlet pressures, the inlet and outlet temperatures, and the inlet and outlet humidity. This provides a theoretical basis and experimental support for water spray at the cold side inlet 23 of the radiator and the inlet of electric compressor 1 in the electric environmental control system.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system, characterized in that: include: A fan, a compressor, a spray device, a working medium detection device and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes a hot side inlet, a cold side inlet, a hot side outlet and a cold side outlet; The spray device includes a first nozzle and a second nozzle; The outlet of the fan is connected to the inlet of the cold side through a first pipe; the first nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the fan and is used to spray water mist into the first pipe; the fan is used to transport the heat exchange medium to the heat exchanger; The outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the hot side through a second pipe; the second nozzle is used to spray toward the inlet of the compressor; the compressor is used to transport the heat exchange medium to the heat exchanger; The heat exchange medium includes air and spray, and the medium detection device is used to detect the physical properties of the heat exchange medium.

2. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working medium detection device includes a first detection device, a second detection device, a third detection device and a fourth detection device. The hot side inlet, the cold side inlet, the hot side outlet, the cold side outlet and the outlet of the fan are all provided with a first detection device. The first detection device is used to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the working medium. One end of the second detection device is provided at the cold side inlet, and the other end is provided at the cold side outlet. The second detection device detects the pressure difference between the cold side inlet and the cold side outlet; the third detection device is provided between the first nozzle and the cold side inlet and between the second nozzle and the inlet of the compressor. The third detection device is used to detect the particle size of the water droplets in the spray. The hot side outlet and the cold side outlet are each provided with a fourth detection device. The fourth detection device is used to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange working medium.

3. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first detection device is a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a humidity transmitter.

4. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second detection device is a differential pressure transmitter.

5. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third detection device includes a first laser particle size analyzer and a second laser particle size analyzer, wherein the first laser particle size analyzer is arranged between the first nozzle and the cold edge inlet, and is used to detect the particle size of water droplets in the spray sprayed by the first nozzle; The second laser particle size analyzer is arranged between the second nozzle and the inlet of the compressor, and is used to detect the particle size of water droplets in the spray sprayed from the second nozzle.

6. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises a computer, which is in communication with the first laser particle size analyzer and the second laser particle size analyzer, and is used to receive and process measurement signals from the first laser particle size analyzer and the second laser particle size analyzer.

7. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth detection device includes a first mass flow meter and a second mass flow meter. The first mass flow meter is arranged at the cold side outlet to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the cold side outlet. The second mass flow meter is arranged at the hot side outlet to detect the mass flow rate of the heat exchange medium at the hot side outlet.

8. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first frequency regulator, which is electrically connected to the fan and is used to supply power to the fan and control the flow rate delivered by the fan.

9. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a second frequency regulator, which is electrically connected to the compressor and is used to supply power to the compressor and control the flow rate delivered by the compressor.

10. The thermal and humidity characteristics test platform for an aircraft electric environmental control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray device also includes an air compressor and a pressure water tank. The pressure water tank includes an air inlet and a water outlet. The outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first nozzle, the air inlet and the air inlet of the second nozzle, and the water outlet of the pressure water tank is connected to the water inlet of the first nozzle and the water inlet of the second nozzle.

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