An adaptive system and method for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive system and method for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, comprising a livestock and poultry manure collection silo, a sludge fermentation tank, a gas storage tank, a combustion nozzle, a plate heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, and the like for purifying domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. A coil is arranged in the biological contact oxidation pool, and the inlet end of the coil is connected to the water outlet end of the heat storage tank so as to heat the biological contact oxidation pool. The present invention treats domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas by using the biological contact oxidation pool. During the domestic sewage treatment process, the sludge generated in the biological contact oxidation pool is transported to the sludge fermentation tank for fermentation to produce methane. After the methane is burned and disposed, it is indirectly used by the adaptive system to heat the sewage in the biological contact oxidation pool. At the same time, livestock and poultry manure in the mountainous areas is collected to supplement the sludge fermentation, thereby achieving self-production and self-use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to an adaptive system and method for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's environmental protection industry, sewage treatment tasks are increasing, and people are beginning to pay attention to sewage treatment efficiency and energy consumption. However, in rural areas scattered in high-altitude mountainous areas, sewage is dispersed and not centralized, making it difficult to treat.

[0003] The average annual temperature in high-altitude, cold regions ranges from -1.6°C to 10°C, with lows ranging from -45°C to -10°C. Conventional energy sources are scarce, and centralized heating is uncommon. Winter domestic sewage temperatures are extremely low, never exceeding 6°C, making it ultra-low-temperature wastewater. In these ultra-low temperatures, traditional activated sludge and biofilm processes are rendered ineffective. Furthermore, pollution from livestock and poultry farming in these cold, high-altitude regions is becoming increasingly serious. Pollutants from livestock and poultry manure pollute the air, water, and soil.

[0004] In the existing technology, in order to ensure the normal biological activity in the biological contact oxidation pond, it is necessary to provide it with an external heat source. At home and abroad, there is no mature and systematic technical means for sewage treatment technology in high-altitude and cold areas. The heat sources for insulation currently used in the market are mainly thermal energy converted from solar and wind power generation or steam heat transfer heated by burning coal, oil, natural gas, etc. These are externally introduced energy sources, which are unstable or difficult to achieve material and energy circulation. The sludge produced by sewage treatment is typical organic sludge. Sludge is a heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, bacteria, inorganic particles and colloids. Its characteristics are high organic matter content, large total amount, and difficulty in treatment. It is difficult to carry out thorough solid-liquid separation by sedimentation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to explore an adaptive system and method for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive system and method for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, aiming to solve the problem of stable operation of sewage treatment systems in decentralized rural areas of high-latitude and high-altitude mountainous areas in my country due to temperature restrictions in winter and the problem of serious environmental pollution caused by accumulation of livestock and poultry manure.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, wherein the adaptive system is used to treat livestock and poultry manure and domestic sewage in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, and comprises:

[0009] Livestock and poultry manure collection silo, used to collect livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas;

[0010] A sludge fermentation tank connected to the outlet of the livestock and poultry manure collection bin for anaerobic fermentation to produce methane gas;

[0011] a gas storage tank connected to the methane gas outlet of the sludge fermentation tank and used for storing methane gas;

[0012] A combustion nozzle is connected to the gas outlet of the gas storage tank, and is used to burn the gas output from the gas storage tank and convert the generated hot flue gas into heat through a plate heat exchanger;

[0013] A hot water storage tank, wherein the heat generated by the plate heat exchanger is supplied to the hot water storage tank to increase the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank;

[0014] A biological contact oxidation pond is used to purify domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. A coil is provided in the biological contact oxidation pond, and the inlet end of the coil is connected to the outlet end of the hot water storage tank to heat the biological contact oxidation pond;

[0015] A water diversion pipe, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet end of the coil, is coiled at the bottom of the sludge fermentation tank, and supplies the waste heat of hot water in the water diversion pipe to the sludge fermentation tank and then returns the water to the hot water storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a grit chamber for settling domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, and the water outlet of the grit chamber is connected to the biological contact oxidation tank; the biological contact oxidation tank purifies the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas to produce sludge and purified sewage, and the produced sludge is transported to a sludge fermentation tank for fermentation to produce methane, and the produced purified sewage is discharged after being filtered through a filter tank.

[0017] Preferably, a gas control valve and a flow monitor are sequentially arranged between the sludge fermentation tank and the gas storage tank.

[0018] Preferably, the converted heat from the plate heat exchanger is also supplied to household energy networks in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas.

[0019] Preferably, a temperature monitor and a flow control valve are sequentially arranged between the water outlet of the heat storage tank and the biological contact oxidation tank; and a temperature sensor is arranged in the biological contact oxidation tank.

[0020] When the temperature sensor in the biological contact oxidation tank detects that the temperature is below 20°C, the controller receives the data from the temperature sensor and controls the opening and closing of the gas control valve and the flow control valve. When the temperature monitor detects that the temperature of the hot water output from the heat storage tank is below 20°C, the controller receives the data from the temperature monitor and controls the flow rate of the flow control valve. This maintains the temperature in the biological contact oxidation tank at 20°C, ensuring the activity of the sludge in the reaction tank and its normal operation while avoiding energy waste. When the temperature in the biological contact oxidation tank is higher than the preset temperature in the summer, the plate heat exchanger can also convert heat into energy for the household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes a grid, which is used to filter the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas and then flow it into the grit chamber.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes a controller, which is used to receive data from the temperature sensor, flow monitor and temperature monitor in the biological contact oxidation tank and control the flow control valve and the gas control valve.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for treating decentralized sewage in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, using the adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas described in the first aspect, including the following steps:

[0024] When treating domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, the domestic sewage is filtered through a screen and then sent to a grit chamber for grit settling. After sedimentation, the domestic sewage is transported to a biological contact oxidation tank for water purification. During the water purification process, sludge and purified sewage are generated. The generated sludge is transported to a sludge fermentation tank for fermentation to produce methane. The generated purified sewage is filtered through a filter tank and then discharged.

[0025] When livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is processed, the livestock and poultry manure in the rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is collected into a livestock and poultry manure collection bin, the livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry manure collection bin is supplied to a sludge fermentation tank for fermentation to produce methane gas, and the produced methane gas is stored in a gas storage tank; the gas in the gas storage tank is transported to a combustion nozzle for combustion, and the hot flue gas produced by the combustion is converted through a plate heat exchanger to heat the household energy network in the rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas or to heat the water in the hot water storage tank to heat the water to produce hot water; the hot water in the hot water storage tank is transported to the coil of the biological contact oxidation tank;

[0026] When the hot water in the heat storage tank is transported to the coil of the biological contact oxidation tank, the hot water in the coil heats up the domestic sewage in the biological contact oxidation tank and then flows into the water diversion pipe. The water diversion pipe supplies the waste heat of the hot water in it to the sludge fermentation tank and then returns the water to the heat storage tank to complete the hot water circulation.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The present invention uses a biological contact oxidation pond to treat domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. During the domestic sewage treatment process, the sludge generated inside the biological contact oxidation pond is transported to a sludge fermentation tank for fermentation to produce methane. After the methane is burned, it is indirectly used to heat the sewage in the biological contact oxidation pond. The adaptive system also collects livestock and poultry manure in the mountainous area as a supplement for sludge fermentation, achieving self-production and self-use.

[0029] 2. This invention directly utilizes sludge from the sewage treatment process, turning waste into a resource. This reduces both pollution and energy waste, achieving an internal cycle of matter and energy within the sewage treatment process. The methane produced by sludge fermentation can be used not only as a direct heat source but also as an energy source for farmers in the summer and a heat source for the biological contact oxidation ponds in the winter. The generated methane combustion is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, has a high calorific value, and is highly efficient, meeting energy conservation and emission reduction requirements.

[0030] 3. This invention utilizes methane generated by sludge fermentation as a heat-insulating fuel, enabling the normal operation of biological contact oxidation ponds in cold rural areas. This technology is suitable for high-latitude and high-altitude regions in my country where solar and wind energy sources are unstable. Furthermore, utilizing livestock and poultry manure as a supplementary raw material and transforming it into a resource is a key component in promoting green agricultural development and addressing prominent rural ecological and environmental issues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a process flow chart of the method for treating dispersed sewage in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas according to the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-livestock and poultry manure silo, 2-sludge fermentation tank, 3-gas control valve, 4-flow monitor, 5-gas storage tank, 6-combustion nozzle, 7-plate heat exchanger, 8-heat water storage tank, 9-temperature monitor, 10-flow control valve, 11-biological contact oxidation tank, 12-water diversion pipe, 13-grit, 14-sand settling tank, 15-filtration tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] The terms "first", "second" and "third" in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. All directional indications in the embodiments of this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally also include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally also include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] References to "embodiments" herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, an adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is provided. The adaptive system is used to treat livestock and poultry manure and domestic sewage in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, and includes:

[0039] The livestock and poultry manure collection bin 1 is used to collect livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas; the sludge fermentation tank 2 is connected to the outlet end of the livestock and poultry manure collection bin 1 and is used for anaerobic fermentation to produce methane gas; the gas storage tank 5 is connected to the methane gas outlet end of the sludge fermentation tank 2 and is used to store methane gas; the combustion nozzle 6 is connected to the gas outlet end of the gas storage tank 5 and is used to burn the gas output by the gas storage tank 5 and convert the generated hot flue gas into heat through the plate heat exchanger 7; the heat storage tank 8, the heat generated by the plate heat exchanger 7 is supplied to the heat storage tank 8 , so that the water in the heat storage tank 8 is heated; the biological contact oxidation tank 11 is used to purify domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. A coil is set in the biological contact oxidation tank 11, and the inlet end of the coil is connected to the water outlet end of the heat storage tank 8 to heat the biological contact oxidation tank 11; the water diversion pipe 12, the inlet end of the water diversion pipe 12 is connected to the outlet end of the coil, the water diversion pipe 12 is entrenched at the bottom of the sludge fermentation tank 2, and the water diversion pipe 12 supplies the waste heat of the hot water in it to the sludge fermentation tank 2 and then flows the water back to the heat storage tank 8.

[0040] The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas also includes a grit chamber 14 for precipitating domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. The outlet end of the grit chamber 14 is connected to the biological contact oxidation tank 11; the biological contact oxidation tank 11 purifies the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas to produce sludge and purified sewage. The produced sludge is transported to the sludge fermentation tank 2 for fermentation to produce methane, and the produced purified sewage is filtered through the filter tank 15 and discharged.

[0041] Furthermore, a gas control valve 3 and a flow monitor 4 are sequentially arranged between the sludge fermentation tank 2 and the gas storage tank 5 .

[0042] Furthermore, the converted heat from the plate heat exchanger 7 is also supplied to the household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas.

[0043] Furthermore, a temperature monitor 9 and a flow control valve 10 are sequentially arranged between the water outlet of the hot water storage tank 8 and the biological contact oxidation tank 11 ; and a temperature sensor is arranged in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 .

[0044] The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas further comprises a grille 13 , which is used to filter the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas and then flow it into the grit chamber 14 .

[0045] The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas also includes a temperature monitoring feedback system. The temperature monitoring feedback system has a controller, which is used to receive data from the temperature sensor, flow monitor 4 and temperature monitor 9 in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 and control the flow control valve 10 and the gas control valve 3.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, a method for treating decentralized sewage in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas comprises the following steps:

[0047] When treating domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, the domestic sewage is filtered through the screen 13 and then enters the grit chamber 14 for grit settling. After sedimentation, the domestic sewage is transferred to the biological contact oxidation tank 11 for water purification. During the water purification process, sludge and purified sewage are generated. The generated sludge is transferred to the sludge fermentation tank 2 for fermentation to produce methane. The generated purified sewage is filtered through the filter tank 15 and then discharged.

[0048] When livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is processed, the livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is collected into a livestock and poultry manure collection bin 1, and the livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry manure collection bin 1 is supplied to a sludge fermentation tank 2 for fermentation to produce methane gas, and the produced methane gas is stored in a gas storage tank 5; the gas in the gas storage tank 5 is transported to a combustion nozzle 6 for combustion, and the hot flue gas produced by the combustion is converted through a plate heat exchanger 7 to supply heat to a household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas or to a hot water storage tank 8 to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 8 to produce hot water; the hot water in the hot water storage tank 8 is transported to the coil of a biological contact oxidation tank 11;

[0049] When the hot water in the heat storage tank 8 is transferred to the coil of the biological contact oxidation tank 11, the hot water in the coil heats up the domestic sewage in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 and then flows into the water diversion pipe 12. The water diversion pipe 12 supplies the waste heat of the hot water in the coil to the sludge fermentation tank 2 and then returns the water to the heat storage tank 8 to complete the hot water circulation.

[0050] When the temperature sensor in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 detects that the temperature therein is lower than 20°C, the controller receives the data from the temperature sensor and controls the opening and closing of the gas control valve 3 and the flow control valve 10. When the temperature monitor 9 detects that the temperature of the hot water output from the heat storage tank 8 is lower than 20°C, the controller receives the data from the temperature monitor 9 and controls the flow rate of the flow control valve 10. Thus, the temperature in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 is maintained at 20°C, which not only ensures the activity of the sludge in the reaction tank and enables its normal operation, but also avoids energy waste. When the temperature in the biological contact oxidation tank 11 is higher than the preset temperature in summer, the conversion heat supply of the plate heat exchanger 7 can also be supplied to the household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas.

[0051] Thus, biological contact oxidation ponds are used to treat domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous regions. During the sewage treatment process, the sludge generated within the biological contact oxidation ponds is transported to sludge fermentation tanks for fermentation to produce methane. After combustion, the methane is used to indirectly heat the sewage in the biological contact oxidation ponds. This adaptive system also collects livestock and poultry manure from the mountainous areas to supplement the sludge fermentation, achieving self-use and self-production. Furthermore, this decentralized sewage treatment method in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous regions directly utilizes sludge from the sewage treatment process, turning waste into a resource. This reduces both pollution and energy waste, and achieves an internal recycling of materials and energy within the sewage treatment process. The methane generated by sludge fermentation can be used not only as a direct heat source but also as an energy source for farmers in the summer and to heat the biological contact oxidation ponds in the winter. The generated methane is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, has a high calorific value, and is highly efficient, meeting energy conservation and emission reduction requirements. By utilizing methane generated by sludge fermentation as a heat-insulating fuel, the normal operation of biological contact oxidation ponds in high-altitude rural areas is ensured, making it suitable for high-latitude and high-altitude regions in my country where solar and wind energy sources are unstable. At the same time, using livestock and poultry manure as a supplementary raw material and turning it into a resource is a key part of promoting green agricultural development and addressing prominent problems in the rural ecological environment.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] An adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in high-altitude mountainous rural areas, using the system of Example 1, was applied to a village in Deqin County, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, to treat 6m 3 / d Domestic sewage:

[0054] The village's average minimum sewage temperature is around 7°C, and the contact oxidation pond operates at 20°C. The influent BOD5 is approximately 220mg / L. According to Yunnan Province's "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Rural Wastewater Treatment Facilities" (DB53 / T 953-2019), the effluent BOD5 is controlled at 40mg / L.

[0055] (1) The required contact oxidation tank volume is 0.88m 3 , sludge biogas production 0.50-0.58m 3 .

[0056] (2) The heat required for the contact oxidation tank is 4.02-4.18 (×10 5 kJ)

[0057] (3) The required amount of biogas is approximately 16.08-16.22m 3 The required amount of livestock and poultry manure is about 310-312.8kg.

[0058] During cold weather, the temperature monitoring and feedback system of Example 1 monitors the water temperature in the biological contact oxidation pond 11. When the water temperature falls below 20°C, the pond must be heated to burn a corresponding amount of biogas to ensure normal sewage treatment. When the water temperature in the biological contact oxidation pond 11 is around 20°C, the temperature monitoring and feedback system provides feedback to the biogas combustion system to stop biogas combustion. During the warmer summer months, when the water temperature can be maintained at around 20°C, the entire system can operate normally without biogas combustion. The biogas generated during this period can be used as energy for farmers' daily lives, and any remaining biogas can be stored for use when heat demand is high.

[0059] The sludge produced by fermentation of sludge and livestock and poultry manure can be used as agricultural organic fertilizer after treatment, and no waste is generated in the entire process.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] An adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in high-altitude mountainous rural areas, using the system of Example 1, was applied to a village in Gongshan County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province to treat 13m 3 / d Domestic sewage:

[0062] The village's average minimum sewage temperature is around 9°C, and the contact oxidation pond operates at 20°C. The influent BOD5 is approximately 230mg / L. According to Yunnan Province's "Water Pollutant Discharge Standards for Rural Wastewater Treatment Facilities" (DB62 / 4014-2019), the effluent BOD5 is controlled at 40mg / L.

[0063] (1) The required contact oxidation tank volume is 2m 3 , sludge biogas production 1.19-1.26m 3 .

[0064] (2) The heat required for the contact oxidation tank is 7.38-7.42 (×10 5 kJ)

[0065] (3) The required amount of biogas is approximately 29.52-29.68m 3 The required amount of livestock and poultry manure is about 565.2-568.4kg.

[0066] During cold weather, the temperature monitoring and feedback system in Example 1 monitors the water temperature below 20°C, necessitating heating of the tank and burning a corresponding amount of biogas to ensure normal sewage treatment. When the water temperature is around 20°C, the temperature monitoring and feedback system provides feedback to the biogas combustion system, halting biogas combustion. During the warmer summer months, when the water temperature can be maintained at around 20°C, the system can operate normally without biogas combustion. The biogas generated can be used as energy for farmers' daily lives, and any remaining biogas can be stored for use when heat demand is high.

[0067] The sludge produced by fermentation of sludge and livestock and poultry manure can be used as agricultural organic fertilizer after treatment, and no waste is generated in the entire process.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] An adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in high-altitude mountainous rural areas, such as Figure 2 The system of Example 1 was used to treat 8m 3 / d Domestic sewage:

[0070] The village's average minimum sewage temperature is around 6°C, and the contact oxidation pond operates at 20°C. The influent BOD5 is approximately 230mg / L. According to Yunnan Province's "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Rural Wastewater Treatment Facilities" (DB53 / T 953-2019), the effluent BOD5 is controlled at 40mg / L.

[0071] (1) The required contact oxidation tank volume is 1.02m 3 , sludge biogas production 1.28-1.34m 3 .

[0072] (2) The heat required for the contact oxidation tank is 5.78-5.81 (×10 5 kJ)

[0073] (3) The required amount of biogas is approximately 23.12-23.24m 3 The required amount of livestock and poultry manure is about 435.6-438.0kg.

[0074] During cold weather, the temperature monitoring and feedback system in Example 1 monitors the water temperature below 20°C, necessitating heating of the tank and burning a corresponding amount of biogas to maintain normal sewage treatment. When the water temperature is around 20°C, the temperature monitoring and feedback system provides feedback to the biogas combustion system, halting biogas combustion. During the warmer summer months, when the water temperature can be maintained at around 20°C, the system can operate normally without biogas combustion. The biogas generated can be used as energy for farmers' daily lives, and any remaining biogas can be stored for use when heat demand is high.

[0075] The sludge produced by fermentation of sludge and livestock and poultry manure can be used as agricultural organic fertilizer after treatment, and no waste is generated in the entire process.

[0076] The above detailed description of the specific embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative only, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, which is used to treat livestock and poultry manure and domestic sewage in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, characterized by: include: Livestock and poultry manure collection silo (1), used to collect livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas; A sludge fermentation tank (2) is connected to the outlet end of the livestock and poultry manure collection bin (1) and is used for anaerobic fermentation to produce methane gas; A gas storage tank (5) connected to the methane gas outlet of the sludge fermentation tank (2) for storing methane gas; A combustion nozzle (6) is connected to the gas outlet end of the gas storage tank (5) and is used to burn the gas output from the gas storage tank (5) and convert the generated hot flue gas into heat through a plate heat exchanger (7); A heat storage tank (8), wherein the heat generated by the plate heat exchanger (7) is supplied to the heat storage tank (8), thereby heating the water in the heat storage tank (8); A biological contact oxidation pond (11) is used to purify domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. A coil is provided in the biological contact oxidation pond (11), and an inlet end of the coil is connected to a water outlet end of a heat storage tank (8) so as to heat the biological contact oxidation pond (11); A water diversion pipe (12), the inlet end of the water diversion pipe (12) is connected to the outlet end of the coil, the water diversion pipe (12) is coiled at the bottom of the sludge fermentation tank (2), and the water diversion pipe (12) supplies the waste heat of hot water in the water diversion pipe to the sludge fermentation tank (2) and then returns the water to the hot water storage tank (8); The invention also includes a grit chamber (14) for settling domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas. The water outlet of the grit chamber (14) is connected to the biological contact oxidation tank (11). The biological contact oxidation tank (11) purifies the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas to produce sludge and purified sewage. The produced sludge is transported to the sludge fermentation tank (2) for fermentation to produce methane. The produced purified sewage is filtered through the filter tank (15) and then discharged.

2. The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas control valve (3) and a flow monitor (4) are sequentially arranged between the sludge fermentation tank (2) and the gas storage tank (5).

3. The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converted heat from the plate heat exchanger (7) is also supplied to the household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas.

4. The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A temperature monitor (9) and a flow control valve (10) are sequentially arranged between the water outlet end of the heat storage tank (8) and the biological contact oxidation tank (11); and a temperature sensor is arranged in the biological contact oxidation tank (11).

5. The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a grid (13), which is used to filter domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas and then flow it into the grit chamber (14).

6. The adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device also includes a controller for receiving data from a temperature sensor, a flow monitor (4) and a temperature monitor (9) in the biological contact oxidation tank (11) and controlling the flow control valve (10) and the gas control valve (3).

7. A method for treating decentralized sewage in rural areas of high-altitude and cold mountainous areas, characterized in that: The method of using the adaptive system for decentralized sewage treatment in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 6 for treatment comprises the following steps: When treating domestic sewage generated in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas, the domestic sewage is filtered through a screen (13) and then enters a grit chamber (14) for grit settling. After sedimentation, the domestic sewage is transported to a biological contact oxidation tank (11) for water purification. During the water purification process, sludge and purified sewage are generated. The generated sludge is transported to a sludge fermentation tank (2) for fermentation to produce methane. The generated purified sewage is filtered through a filter tank (15) and then discharged. When livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is processed, the livestock and poultry manure in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas is collected into a livestock and poultry manure collection bin (1), the livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry manure collection bin (1) is supplied to a sludge fermentation tank (2) for fermentation to generate methane gas, and the generated methane gas is stored in a gas storage tank (5); the gas in the gas storage tank (5) is transported to a combustion nozzle (6) for combustion, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion is converted through a plate heat exchanger (7) to supply heat to a household energy network in rural areas of high-altitude mountainous areas or to a heat storage tank (8) to heat the water in the heat storage tank (8) to generate hot water; the hot water in the heat storage tank (8) is transported to the coil of a biological contact oxidation tank (11); When the hot water in the heat storage tank (8) is transferred to the coil of the biological contact oxidation tank (11), the hot water in the coil heats up the domestic sewage in the biological contact oxidation tank (11) and then flows into the water diversion pipe (12). The water diversion pipe (12) supplies the waste heat of the hot water in the water diversion pipe to the sludge fermentation tank (2) and then returns the water to the heat storage tank (8) to complete the hot water circulation.

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