A preparation method of an automotive exhaust gas purification material

Abstract

A preparation method of an automotive exhaust gas purification material, the purification material comprising: a filler, rubber, a coupling agent, and a crosslinking agent. The purification material is used to purify the air at the intake end of the vehicle, adjust the gas entering the engine combustion chamber to a state suitable for complete combustion, so as to improve the engine efficiency and reduce the emission of exhaust pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive exhaust purification materials, and particularly to a preparation method of an automotive exhaust purification material. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the mainstream technologies for improving the fuel efficiency of motor vehicles and reducing exhaust pollutant emissions are: (1) engine technologies centered around improving the engine combustion process, such as delaying the ignition timing, exhaust gas recirculation, improving the combustion chamber design, and precisely controlling the air-fuel ratio and ignition, with the lean-burn engine being representative. (2) After-treatment technologies for purifying the already generated harmful emissions in the exhaust system, such as installing a three-way catalytic device composed of a carrier and a catalyst. (3) Improving the fuel quality, such as fuel additives. In practical applications, several technologies work together and complement each other. However, each technology has certain drawbacks. For example, the main active components of the three-way catalyst (noble metals Pt, Pd, Rh, and rare earths, etc.) have problems such as resource shortage, high price, and excessive cost. Therefore, in the face of the huge pressure of air pollution and energy conservation and emission reduction, traditional technologies have been difficult to meet today's strict emission requirements, and there is an urgent need for new technological progress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to a first aspect, in one embodiment, a purification material is provided, comprising: a filler, a rubber, a coupling agent, and a cross-linking agent.

[0004] According to a second aspect, in one embodiment, a preparation method of the purification material described in the first aspect is provided, comprising: mixing the components to obtain a mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a mold, and curing and molding to obtain the purification material.

[0005] According to a third aspect, in one embodiment, a method for purifying a gas is provided, comprising: using the purification material described in the first aspect to purify the gas before entering the combustion chamber to obtain a gas that can be used for combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0006] According to a fourth aspect, in one embodiment, a gas purification device is provided, which comprises the purification material described in the first aspect.

[0007] According to a preparation method of an automotive exhaust purification material in the above embodiments, the purification material is used to purify the air at the intake end of the vehicle, adjust the gas entering the engine combustion chamber to a state suitable for sufficient combustion, and achieve the effects of improving the engine efficiency and reducing exhaust pollutant emissions. Description of the Drawings

[0008] Figure 1 Photographs of the products prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3;

[0009] Figure 2 、Figure 3 Scanning electron microscope images (SEM images) of the product obtained in Example 1 at different magnifications. Detailed implementation manners

[0010] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific implementation manners in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different implementation manners adopt related similar element numbers. In the following implementation manners, many detailed descriptions are provided to enable a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some of the features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification to avoid overwhelming the core part of the present application with excessive descriptions. For those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations based on the descriptions in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0011] In addition, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementation manners. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be reordered or adjusted in an obvious manner by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are only for clearly describing a certain embodiment and do not mean a necessary sequence unless it is stated that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0012] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meanings. And the "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in the present application, unless otherwise specified, both include direct and indirect connections (couplings).

[0013] In the prior art, the research and application of automotive exhaust purification in China mainly focus on the air catalytic purification after combustion, and there is a blank in the air purification at the front end of internal combustion engines.

[0014] According to a first aspect, in an embodiment, a purification material is provided, which includes: filler, rubber, coupling agent, and crosslinking agent. Rubber is used as a carrier, which is a commonly used carrier and has a low price. Zeolite powder has a porous structure and is used as an adsorbent. The crosslinking agent and coupling agent are used to modify silicone rubber to increase the strength and elasticity of the material.

[0015] In an embodiment, filler: rubber: coupling agent: crosslinking agent = (1.5 ± 1) g: (100 ± 1) g: (2 ± 0.1) mL: (10 ± 0.1) mL.

[0016] In one embodiment, filler: rubber: coupling agent: crosslinking agent = (1.0 - 2.5) g: (100 ± 1) g: (2 ± 0.1) mL: (10 ± 0.1) mL.

[0017] In one embodiment, filler: rubber: coupling agent: crosslinking agent = (1.0 - 1.5) g: (100 ± 1) g: (2 ± 0.1) mL: (10 ± 0.1) mL.

[0018] In one embodiment, the filler includes but is not limited to at least one of zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal powder, rice husk ash, and silica white.

[0019] In one embodiment, the rubber includes but is not limited to room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber.

[0020] In one embodiment, the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber includes but is not limited to 107 room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber.

[0021] In one embodiment, the coupling agent includes but is not limited to KH-550.

[0022] KH-550 is an amino-functional silane and is alkaline. Chemical name: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. CAS registration number: 919-30-2.

[0023] In one embodiment, the crosslinking agent includes but is not limited to tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0024] In one embodiment, the purification material further contains a catalyst. The catalyst is used to promote the curing of the material during the preparation of the purification material.

[0025] In one embodiment, in the purification material, filler: rubber: coupling agent: crosslinking agent: catalyst = (1.5 ± 1) g: (100 ± 1) g: (2 ± 0.1) mL: (10 ± 0.1): (0.25 ± 0.05) mL.

[0026] In one embodiment, the catalyst contains dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0027] In one embodiment, the purification material is used to purify the gas at the intake end of an automobile.

[0028] According to the second aspect, in one embodiment, a method for preparing the purification material described in the first aspect is provided, including: mixing each component to obtain a mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a mold, and curing and molding to obtain the purification material.

[0029] In one embodiment, it includes performing degassing treatment on the mixed solution under vacuum conditions before transferring the mixed solution into the mold, and then transferring the degassed mixed solution into the mold for curing and molding.

[0030] In one embodiment, it includes mixing a filler, rubber, coupling agent, and crosslinking agent to obtain a mixed liquid, subjecting the mixed liquid to degassing treatment, then mixing a catalyst with the degassed mixed liquid, transferring it into a mold, and curing and molding to obtain the purification material.

[0031] In one embodiment, the catalyst includes but is not limited to dibutyltin dilaurate. This catalyst plays a role in promoting curing.

[0032] In one embodiment, the curing and molding is carried out at 20 - 30 °C, preferably at room temperature (23 ± 2 °C).

[0033] In one embodiment, the curing and molding time is ≥ 24 h, preferably 24 - 48 h, and more preferably 24 h.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, when mixing the components, the filler, rubber, coupling agent, and crosslinking agent are added sequentially for mixing to avoid affecting the strength and elasticity of the finished product. After degassing, a catalyst is added, and then curing and molding are carried out to obtain the finished product.

[0035] According to the third aspect, in one embodiment, a method for purifying a gas is provided, including: using the purification material described in the first aspect to purify the gas before entering the combustion chamber to obtain a gas that can be used for combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0036] A combustion chamber is a device in which fuel or propellant burns to generate high-temperature combustion gas. It is a combustion device made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials. The space between the top of the piston and the cylinder head after the piston reaches the top dead center is where the fuel burns. It is an important component of gas turbine engines, ramjet engines, and rocket engines.

[0037] In one embodiment, the gas can be air.

[0038] In one embodiment, the engine includes but is not limited to at least one of a gas turbine engine, a ramjet engine, and a rocket engine.

[0039] In one embodiment, the combustion chamber includes but is not limited to the engine combustion chamber of an automobile.

[0040] According to the fourth aspect, in one embodiment, a gas purification device including the purification material described in the first aspect is provided. The purification material described in the first aspect is filled in the purification pipeline or purification chamber of the gas purification device, and the purification material is used to purify the air flowing through the purification pipeline and / or purification chamber.

[0041] In one embodiment, the gas purification device is connected to the intake port of the combustion chamber, and the gas purified by the purification material in the gas purification device enters the combustion chamber from the intake port of the combustion chamber.

[0042] In one embodiment, the present invention purifies the air at the intake end of an automotive engine, adjusts it to a state suitable for complete combustion, achieves the effects of improving engine efficiency and reducing exhaust pollutant emissions, and the preparation process of this material is simple and easy to operate, with low raw material costs and easy availability, making it suitable for large-scale production.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] In this embodiment, room temperature refers to 23 ± 2 °C.

[0045] The preparation method of the purification material provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] (1) Weigh an appropriate amount of filler (zeolite powder in this embodiment), place it in a forced-air oven, and dry it at 60 - 80 °C for 3 h. Take 107 room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber raw rubber, place it in a forced-air oven, and dry it at 25 °C for 3 h. The manufacturer of 107 room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is Jinan Xinglongda Chemical Co., Ltd., and its chemical name is hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane.

[0047] (2) Take 1 g of dried zeolite powder, add it to 107 room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, and stir in a 500 mL large beaker for 20 min until homogeneous.

[0048] (3) Use a pipette to add 2 mL of coupling agent KH-550, stir on a magnetic stirrer for 1 h and then sonicate for 20 min, with the stirring speed controlled at 980 rpm.

[0049] (4) Use a pipette to add 10 mL of cross-linking agent tetraethyl orthosilicate and continue stirring for 20 min, with the stirring speed controlled at 590 rpm (revolutions per minute).

[0050] (5) Transfer the mixed solution to a vacuum chamber for degassing for 0.5 h. The degassing is carried out in an environment with a temperature of 35 ± 5 °C. This step aims to remove the dissolved air in the mixed solution.

[0051] (6) Take out the degassed liquid, add 0.2 - 0.3 mL of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate (the function of this catalyst is to promote curing and facilitate the molding of the material in the mold), stir in one direction, allow it to react fully for about 30 s, and then quickly inject the uncoagulated liquid into an acrylic mold with a medical syringe / dropper (a beaker can also be used for direct pouring) to level it, and cure it at room temperature for 24 h to form a shape.

[0052] This material is used for purifying the air at the intake end of an automobile, adjusts the intake end gas to a state suitable for complete combustion, and achieves the effects of improving engine efficiency and reducing exhaust pollutant emissions.

[0053] Figure 2 、 Figure 3Scanning electron microscope images (SEM images) of the purification material prepared in this example at different magnifications. Among them, Figure 2 the magnification Mag = 3.00K X, Figure 3 and the magnification of Figure 2 is Mag = 10.00K X. As can be seen from Figure 3 and

[0054] the purification material prepared in this example exhibits a flat and dense microstructure at different magnifications, with high structural stability, and can be used to purify the air at the intake end of an automotive engine, thereby achieving the purification of automotive exhaust.

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] In Table 1, the filtration product is the purification material prepared in this example.

[0058] In Table 1, the reduction rate of NO at idle speed shows a negative value, which may be caused by instrument error, and this error is within an acceptable range. The data in Table 1 indicate that this purification material mainly reduces the emissions of HC at idle speed, HC at high idle speed, and NO.

[0059] As can be seen from Table 1, the purification material prepared in this example can reduce NO emissions by 19% and HC (hydrocarbon) emissions by 32% at high idle speed; it can reduce HC emissions by 13% at idle speed. Therefore, the purification material prepared in this example can significantly reduce the emissions of NO and HC in automotive exhaust, significantly improve the reduction rate, especially for NO and HC at high idle speed and HC at idle speed.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The raw material composition and preparation method of the purification material in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass of the raw material zeolite powder is 1.5 g.

[0062] The emission reduction effect data of the purification material prepared in this embodiment are shown in the following table.

[0063] Table 2

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen that the purification material prepared in this embodiment can reduce NO emissions by about 22% at high idle speed, and HC (hydrocarbon) emissions by about 26%; HC emissions can be reduced by about 3% at idle speed. Therefore, the purification material prepared in this embodiment has a significant effect on reducing HC emissions at idle speed and HC and NO emissions at high idle speed.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The raw material composition and preparation method of the purification material in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mass of the raw material zeolite powder is 0.5 g. The purification material prepared in this example is fragile and not suitable for use as a purification material. Therefore, the subsequent emission reduction effect was not tested.

[0068] Figure 1 Photographs of the purification materials prepared for Examples 1 to 3. From left to right, the dosages of zeolite powder are 0.5 g, 1 g, and 1.5 g in sequence. It can be seen that the larger the dosage of zeolite powder, the darker the color and the higher the density of the purification material.

[0069] The above uses specific examples to elaborate on the present invention, which is only used to help understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, based on the idea of the present invention, several simple deductions, deformations or substitutions can also be made.

Claims

1. A purification material, characterized in that It consists of: filler, rubber, coupling agent, crosslinking agent and catalyst. The filler is selected from at least one of zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal powder, rice husk ash and silica white. The rubber includes room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. The coupling agent includes KH-550. The crosslinking agent includes tetraethyl orthosilicate. The catalyst contains dibutyltin dilaurate. In the purification material, filler:rubber:coupling agent:crosslinking agent = (1.5±1) g : (100±1) g : (2±0.1) mL : (10±0.1) mL. The purification material is used to purify the gas before it enters the combustion chamber of the vehicle to obtain the gas that can be used for combustion in the combustion chamber.

2. The purification material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the purification material, filler:rubber:coupling agent:crosslinking agent = (1.0 - 2.5) g : (100±1) g : (2±0.1) mL : (10±0.1) mL.

3. The purification material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the purification material, filler:rubber:coupling agent:crosslinking agent = (1.0 - 1.5) g : (100±1) g : (2±0.1) mL : (10±0.1) mL.

4. The purification material according to claim 1, wherein The room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber includes 107 room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. In the purification material, filler:rubber:coupling agent:crosslinking agent:catalyst = (1.5±1) g : (100±1) g : (2±0.1) mL : (10±0.1) : (0.25±0.05) mL.

5. The preparation method of the purification material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes: Mix each component to obtain a mixed solution, transfer the mixed solution into a mold, and cure and mold it to obtain the purification material.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes that before transferring the mixed solution into the mold, degassing treatment is carried out on the mixed solution under vacuum conditions, and then the degassed mixed solution is transferred into the mold for curing and molding. It includes mixing the filler, rubber, coupling agent and crosslinking agent to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out degassing treatment on the mixed solution, then mixing the catalyst with the degassed mixed solution, transferring it into a mold, and curing and molding to obtain the purification material. The curing and molding is carried out at 20 - 30 °C. The time for curing and molding is ≥24 h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time for curing and molding is 24 - 48 h.

8. A method for purifying a gas, characterized in that, It includes: Use the purification material as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 to purify the gas before it enters the combustion chamber of the vehicle to obtain the gas that can be used for combustion in the combustion chamber.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas contains air. The combustion chamber includes an engine combustion chamber. The engine includes at least one of a gas turbine engine, a ramjet engine and a rocket engine. The combustion chamber includes the engine combustion chamber of the vehicle.

10. A gas purification device, characterized in that, It contains the purification material as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

11. The gas purification device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The purification material is filled in the purification pipeline and / or purification chamber of the gas purification device. The purification material is used to purify the gas flowing through the purification pipeline and / or purification chamber. The outlet end of the gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber. The gas purified by the purification material in the gas purification device enters the combustion chamber from the inlet of the combustion chamber.

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