Mine ground pressure monitoring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a mine ground pressure monitoring device and method, which comprises a monitoring body, a first cavity and a second cavity in the monitoring body, a touch rod, a dynamic trigger mechanism, and a sealing film. The touch rod is movably arranged in the first cavity and penetrates out of the top opening of the monitoring body upward to form a touch end for monitoring the mine ground pressure. The dynamic trigger mechanism is located in the first cavity and abuts against the lower end of the touch rod. The dynamic trigger mechanism comprises a first dynamic trigger assembly and a second dynamic trigger assembly. The trigger displacement of the first dynamic trigger assembly is smaller than that of the second dynamic trigger assembly. The sealing film is located at the bottom opening of the first cavity to separate the first cavity and the second cavity. The sealing film and an oil seal at the top opening of the monitoring body jointly seal the first cavity to form a sealed space. The sealed space is filled with non-conductive oil medium. The application can form multi-stage and multi-point online monitoring and early warning, and is convenient for safety management personnel to arrange, thereby better guiding safety production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a monitoring device and method, and more particularly to a mine ground pressure monitoring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Ground pressure in mines can cause various disasters, including roof collapse, pillar instability, surface subsidence, rock spalling, tunnel deformation, and even rock bursts. Ground pressure disasters are a major safety hazard in the mining process, and if prevention is inadequate or management measures are not implemented, they can lead to major safety accidents.

[0003] In particular, ground pressure monitoring in mine tunnels (where there are many people) is of paramount importance. It is necessary to rationally select multi-parameter joint monitoring methods such as pressure (stress) and displacement based on the site conditions. Currently, the joint monitoring methods involve multiple instruments and equipment working independently, requiring the deployment of a large number of different types of monitoring instruments, which is not conducive to guiding safe production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies, this invention provides a mine ground pressure monitoring device and method.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a mine ground pressure monitoring device, which includes:

[0006] The monitoring body has a first cavity and a second cavity inside;

[0007] The contact rod is movably disposed in the first cavity and extends upward from the top opening of the monitoring body to form a contact end for monitoring mine ground pressure;

[0008] The moving trigger mechanism is located inside the first cavity and abuts against the lower end of the contact rod. The moving trigger mechanism includes a primary moving trigger component and a secondary moving trigger component. The trigger displacement of the primary moving trigger component is smaller than that of the secondary moving trigger component.

[0009] A sealing film is located at the bottom opening of the first cavity to divide the first cavity and the second cavity. The sealing film and the oil seal at the top opening of the monitoring body together seal the first cavity to form a sealed space, which is filled with a non-conductive oily medium.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary moving trigger assembly rests against the lower end of the contact rod, and triggers the switch contact located in the first cavity by pressing down the elastic contact piece of the primary moving trigger assembly through the contact rod; the secondary moving trigger assembly is installed at the lower end of the primary moving trigger assembly.

[0011] The elastic contact of the primary dynamic triggering component can be pressed down and deformed. The primary dynamic triggering component, the secondary dynamic triggering component, and the monitoring body together form a sealed compression space for non-conductive oily media. The pressure in the sealed compression space can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film, and the non-conductive oily media triggers the oil sensor located in the second cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the secondary dynamic trigger assembly includes a piston passing through the lower part of the first spring, and the lower part of the piston is provided with a downwardly protruding spike;

[0013] It also includes a second spring, which is installed in an annular groove at the lower end of the piston, with the lower end of the second spring abutting against the bottom of the first cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the primary dynamic trigger component includes:

[0015] The first spring, with its upper end abutting against the lower end of the contact rod;

[0016] A flexible contact plate is mounted on the piston.

[0017] The transmission plate is located between the first spring and the elastic contact plate, and the transmission plate has downward protruding transmission contacts.

[0018] Furthermore, a rubber gasket is installed between the contact portion of the elastic contact plate and the piston.

[0019] Furthermore, the contact rod is I-shaped, and the contact rod forms a circular plate inside the first cavity for simultaneously pressing down the first spring and the non-conductive oily medium. The circular plate is movably matched within the cylindrical push channel opened in the upper part of the first cavity.

[0020] Furthermore, there are two switch contacts, and the wires connected to the switch contacts are led out through a guide channel reserved on the monitoring body.

[0021] Furthermore, the second cavity is a slender cylinder, and the oil sensor is located at the bottom of the second cavity.

[0022] A monitoring method for a mine ground pressure monitoring device, wherein the monitoring method is a comprehensive monitoring method for micro-deformation and severe deformation of the mine tunnel.

[0023] Furthermore, in the comprehensive monitoring method for micro-deformation and severe deformation of the mine tunnel, the contact rod of the mine ground pressure monitoring device is used to drive the primary dynamic triggering component. The primary dynamic triggering component is elastically displaced and preferentially triggers the switch contact inside the monitoring body. The switch contact is connected to the alarm device inside the mine to realize the mine tunnel internal warning when the mine tunnel is slightly deformed.

[0024] While the primary dynamic trigger component elastically triggers the internal alarm, it simultaneously presses down the first spring and the circular plate of the non-conductive oily medium. When the mine tunnel deforms violently, the downward pressure causes the elastic contact to deform, and the non-conductive oily medium is squeezed into the sealed compression space formed by the primary dynamic trigger component, the secondary dynamic trigger component, and the monitoring body. As the pressure in the sealed compression space increases, it can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film, causing the non-conductive oily medium to trigger the oil sensor located in the second cavity. The oil sensor generates a sensing signal and transmits it to the inside or outside of the mine tunnel to realize the internal alarm of the mine tunnel when it deforms violently.

[0025] This invention discloses a mine ground pressure monitoring device and method, which can monitor ground pressure. The mine ground pressure monitoring device disclosed in this invention can be installed in the mine tunnel to be monitored by means of a support rod or by setting the length of the contact rod. Because it has a two-level monitoring mechanism, it can form a multi-level, multi-point online monitoring and early warning system using the same mine ground pressure monitoring device, which is convenient for safety management personnel to deploy and thus better guide safe production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring body; 2. First cavity; 3. Second cavity; 4. Contact rod; 5. Sealing film; 6. Elastic contact piece; 7. Switch contact; 8. Groove; 9. Sealed compression space; 10. Oil sensor; 11. First spring; 12. Piston; 13. Spike; 14. Second spring; 15. Annular groove; 16. Transmission plate; 17. Transmission contact; 18. Rubber gasket; 19. Guide channel; 20. Oil seal. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1, as Figure 1 The mine ground pressure monitoring device shown includes a monitoring body 1, which is a hollow shell with a first cavity 2 and a second cavity 3 inside. A sealing film 5 is provided at the bottom opening of the first cavity 2. The sealing film 5 is used to divide the first cavity 2 and the second cavity 3. In this embodiment, the sealing film 5 is made of BOPET film with advantages such as oil resistance and corrosion resistance. The sealing film 5 is fixed to the monitoring body 1 by slotting it with a mold at the bottom opening of the first cavity 2 and fixing it with a sealing ring and glue. The sealing film 5 and the fixing method are not limited to the above method.

[0031] The mine ground pressure monitoring device also includes a contact rod 4, which is movably disposed in the first cavity 2 and extends upward from the top opening of the monitoring body 1 to form a contact end for monitoring mine ground pressure. An oil seal 20 is provided at the top opening of the monitoring body 1. Thus, the sealing film 5 and the oil seal 20 at the top opening of the monitoring body 1 together seal the first cavity 2 to form a sealed space. The sealed space is filled with a non-conductive oily medium. In this embodiment, the non-conductive oily medium is hydraulic oil.

[0032] The mine ground pressure monitoring device also includes a dynamic triggering mechanism, which is located in the first cavity 2 and abuts against the lower end of the contact rod 4. Specifically, the dynamic triggering mechanism includes a primary dynamic triggering component and a secondary dynamic triggering component. In this invention, the triggering displacement of the primary dynamic triggering component is smaller than that of the secondary dynamic triggering component, thus forming the property that the primary dynamic triggering component triggers first and the secondary dynamic triggering component triggers later.

[0033] The primary moving trigger assembly includes: a first spring 11, the upper end of which abuts against the lower end of the contact rod 4; an elastic contact plate 6, mounted on the piston 12; and a transmission plate 16, located between the first spring 11 and the elastic contact plate 6, with a downwardly protruding transmission contact 17 on the transmission plate 16. The secondary moving trigger assembly includes a piston 12 passing through the lower part of the first spring 11. Thus, the primary moving trigger assembly abuts against the lower end of the contact rod 4, and the contact rod 4 presses down on the elastic contact plate 6 of the primary moving trigger assembly to trigger the switch contact 7 located in the first cavity 2. The secondary moving trigger assembly is mounted at the lower end of the primary moving trigger assembly. It also includes a second spring 14, which is mounted in an annular groove 15 opened at the lower end of the piston 12, with the lower end of the second spring 14 abutting against the bottom of the first cavity 2.

[0034] The contact rod 4 is I-shaped and forms a circular plate inside the first cavity 2. The circular plate is movably matched in the cylindrical push channel opened at the top of the first cavity 2. The circular plate can simultaneously press down the first spring 11 and the non-conductive oil medium. Therefore, the downward pressing of the contact rod 4 of the first-stage moving trigger assembly has the following functions: First, it transmits the downward force. The contact rod 4 presses down the first spring 11 and transmits it to the elastic contact piece 6 through the spring, thereby triggering the switch contact 7; Second, it presses down the hydraulic oil to prepare for the triggering of the second-stage moving trigger assembly. The conditions for the second point mentioned above are due to the circular plate being movable and matched within the cylindrical push channel opened in the upper part of the first cavity 2. The compressed hydraulic oil flows downward, and the hydraulic oil flows downward along the gap formed by the groove 8. The elastic contact 6 is an arched circular piece with a raised center, and is made of high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloy. Since the triggering displacement of the primary moving trigger component is less than that of the secondary moving trigger component, the annular edge of the elastic contact 6 preferentially triggers the switch contact 7. In this embodiment, there are two switch contacts 7. The wires connected to the switch contacts 7 are led out through the guide channel 19 reserved on the monitoring body 1. Therefore, it is suitable for internal mine warning when the mine is slightly deformed.

[0035] When the elastic contact 6 of the primary dynamic triggering component continues to be pressed down until it deforms, the edges of the elastic contact 6 are squeezed against the first cavity 2 to form a sealing effect. This causes the primary dynamic triggering component, the secondary dynamic triggering component, and the monitoring body 1 to jointly form a sealed compression space 9 for the non-conductive oily medium. Continuing to press down allows the pressure in the sealed compression space 9 to break through the elastic stress of the sealing film 5, thereby triggering the oil sensor 10 located in the second cavity 3 by the non-conductive oily medium. In this embodiment, the second cavity 3 is a slender cylinder, and the oil sensor 10 is located at the bottom of the second cavity 3.

[0036] It should be noted that the hydraulic oil has two functions in this embodiment. First, since the primary and secondary dynamic trigger components need to move, the hydraulic oil can lubricate the components, thereby reducing frictional resistance and power loss. Second, the hydraulic oil is compressed to generate medium pressure, which in turn generates elastic stress that breaks through the sealing film.

[0037] In this embodiment, a rubber washer 18 is installed between the contact portion of the elastic contact 6 and the piston 12. The rubber washer 18 plays several roles here. First, the rubber washer has elasticity, which can buffer the impact force between the elastic contact 6 and the piston 12 and prevent direct friction between the metal parts. Second, the rubber washer is placed under the raised part in the middle of the elastic contact, so it can support the lower part of the elastic contact and work with the transmission plate to make the raised part in the middle of the elastic contact press down evenly. Third, after being squeezed, the rubber washer plays a role similar to an oil seal between the elastic contact and the piston to prevent hydraulic oil from overflowing.

[0038] In summary, this invention discloses a monitoring method for a mine ground pressure monitoring device, which is a comprehensive monitoring method for both micro-deformation and severe deformation of the mine tunnel. In this comprehensive monitoring method, the contact rod 4 of the mine ground pressure monitoring device drives a primary moving trigger component. The primary moving trigger component elastically displaces and preferentially triggers the switch contact 7 within the monitoring body 1. The switch contact 7 is connected to an alarm device inside the mine to achieve internal mine tunnel warning during micro-deformation.

[0039] While the primary dynamic trigger component elastically triggers the internal alarm, it presses down the first spring 11 and the circular plate of the non-conductive oily medium. When the mine tunnel deforms violently, the downward pressure causes the elastic contact 6 to deform, and the non-conductive oily medium is squeezed into the sealed compression space 9 formed by the primary dynamic trigger component, the secondary dynamic trigger component and the monitoring body 1. As the pressure in the sealed compression space 9 increases, it can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film 5, causing the non-conductive oily medium to trigger the oil sensor 10 located in the second cavity 3. The oil sensor 10 generates a sensing signal and transmits it to the inside or outside of the mine tunnel to realize the internal alarm of the mine tunnel when it deforms violently.

[0040] Example 2, as Figure 2 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the lower part of the piston 12 is provided with a downward protruding spike 13. In Embodiment 1, when the mine tunnel deforms violently, the downward pressure causes the elastic contact 6 to deform and fill into the groove 8 in the first cavity 2. The non-conductive oily medium is then squeezed into the sealed compression space 9 formed by the primary dynamic trigger component, the secondary dynamic trigger component, and the monitoring body 1. As the pressure in the sealed compression space 9 increases, it can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film 5. If the pressure in the sealed compression space 9 is lost, it cannot break through the elastic stress of the sealing film 5. The spike 13 at the bottom of the secondary dynamic trigger component can pierce the sealing film 5 by moving downward. It should be understood that in order to ensure that the primary dynamic trigger component is triggered first, the distance between the spike 13 and the sealing film 5 should be greater than the distance between the elastic contact 6 and the switch contact 7, or the elastic force of the second spring 14 should be greater than the elastic force of the first spring 11.

[0041] The mine ground pressure monitoring device disclosed in this invention can be installed in the mine tunnel to be monitored by means of a support rod or by setting the length of the contact rod. Because it has a two-level monitoring mechanism, it can form a multi-level, multi-point online monitoring and early warning system using the same mine ground pressure monitoring device, which is convenient for safety management personnel to deploy and thus better guide safe production.

[0042] The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for a mine ground pressure monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes: The monitoring body has a first cavity and a second cavity inside; The contact rod is movably disposed within the first cavity and extends upward from the top opening of the monitoring body to form a contact end for monitoring mine ground pressure; The moving trigger mechanism is located inside the first cavity and abuts against the lower end of the contact rod. The moving trigger mechanism includes a primary moving trigger component and a secondary moving trigger component. The trigger displacement of the primary moving trigger component is smaller than the trigger displacement of the secondary moving trigger component. A sealing film is located at the bottom opening of the first cavity to divide the first cavity and the second cavity. The sealing film and the oil seal at the top opening of the monitoring body together seal the first cavity to form a sealed space, which is filled with a non-conductive oily medium. The primary dynamic triggering component rests against the lower end of the contact rod, and triggers the switch contact located in the first cavity by pressing down the elastic contact piece of the primary dynamic triggering component through the contact rod. The secondary dynamic triggering component is installed at the lower end of the primary dynamic triggering component. The elastic contact of the first-stage dynamic triggering component can be pressed down and deformed. The first-stage dynamic triggering component, the second-stage dynamic triggering component and the monitoring body together form a sealed compression space for non-conductive oily media. The pressure of the sealed compression space can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film, and the non-conductive oily media triggers the oil sensor located in the second cavity. The primary dynamic trigger component includes: The first spring, with its upper end abutting against the lower end of the contact rod; Elastic contact piece; The transmission plate is located between the first spring and the elastic contact plate, and the transmission plate is provided with a downward protruding transmission contact. The secondary dynamic triggering component includes a piston passing through the lower part of the first spring, and the lower part of the piston is provided with a downward protruding spike. It also includes a second spring, which is installed in an annular groove at the lower end of the piston, with the lower end of the second spring abutting against the bottom of the first cavity; The elastic contact piece is mounted on the piston; The monitoring method is a comprehensive monitoring method for micro-deformation and severe deformation of the mine tunnel; in the comprehensive monitoring method for micro-deformation and severe deformation of the mine tunnel, the contact rod of the mine ground pressure monitoring device is used to drive a primary moving trigger component. The primary moving trigger component is elastically displaced and preferentially triggers the switch contact inside the monitoring body. The switch contact is connected to the alarm device inside the mine to realize the mine tunnel internal warning when the mine tunnel is slightly deformed. While the primary dynamic trigger component elastically triggers the internal alarm, it simultaneously presses down the first spring and the circular plate of the non-conductive oily medium. When the mine tunnel deforms violently, the downward pressure deforms the elastic contact, and the non-conductive oily medium is squeezed into the sealed compression space formed by the primary dynamic trigger component, the secondary dynamic trigger component, and the monitoring body. As the pressure in the sealed compression space increases, it can break through the elastic stress of the sealing film, causing the non-conductive oily medium to trigger the oil sensor located in the second cavity. The oil sensor generates a sensing signal and transmits it to the inside or outside of the mine tunnel to realize the internal alarm of the mine tunnel when it deforms violently.

2. The monitoring method of the mine ground pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber gasket is installed between the contact portion of the elastic contact plate and the piston.

3. The monitoring method of the mine ground pressure monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact rod is I-shaped and forms a circular plate inside the first cavity for simultaneously pressing down the first spring and the non-conductive oily medium. The circular plate is movably matched within the cylindrical push channel opened at the top of the first cavity.

4. The monitoring method of the mine ground pressure monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch has two contacts, and the wires connected to the switch contacts are led out through a guide channel reserved on the monitoring body.

5. The monitoring method of the mine ground pressure monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second cavity is an elongated cylinder, and the oil sensor is located at the bottom of the second cavity.

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