A test device and method for hydrothermal activity stratum tunnel ventilation heat transfer mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a test device and method for the heat and moisture transfer mechanism of a tunnel ventilation in a water and heat active stratum, and the test device comprises a non-structure stratum model box, a water and heat active zone stratum model box, a waterproof plate, a heat exchange air pipe, a water injection part, and a sensor assembly. A tunnel model is pre-prepared in the non-structure stratum model box, the tunnel model is internally provided with the heat exchange air pipe, and the water and heat active zone stratum model box is detachably installed relative to the non-structure stratum model box. Since the non-structure stratum model box and the water and heat active zone stratum model box are spliced, the water and heat active zone stratum model box can be separated from the non-structure stratum model box, and then different surrounding rock materials and the pre-prepared stratum structure fissure at the working face can be replaced. After hot water is injected, the data of the sensor assembly at the working face can be recorded, and the heat exchange and humidity control efficiency of which heat exchange air volume, air temperature and humidity is the best during the tunnel construction through different water and heat active zones can be explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of convective heat transfer efficiency experiments, specifically to an experimental apparatus and method for the humid heat transfer mechanism of ventilation tunnels in hydrothermal active strata. Background Technology

[0002] Measuring the convective heat transfer efficiency ensures that the heat exchange device operates under high efficiency conditions, thus providing a theoretical basis for high-efficiency heat exchange methods while conforming to actual operating conditions.

[0003] Publication number CN205333621U provides a simulation experimental device for the thermal and humid environment of a fully mechanized mining face. The experimental device includes a model body, a heat source simulation device, a humidity source simulation device, an air handling device, and a data acquisition system.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies also conduct heat exchange experiments, but they can only conduct heat exchange under different temperature field environments. In other words, the variable is the simulated temperature. However, in the actual tunnel excavation process, different rock materials and cracks at the tunnel face are all variables. Therefore, the experimental method of the aforementioned existing technologies has only one variable, and the experimental data obtained cannot provide theoretical support for the influence of different rock materials and cracks at the tunnel face on heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental apparatus and method for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata includes an unstructured stratum model box, a hydrothermal active zone stratum model box, a water-resistant plate, heat exchange ducts, a water injection component, and a sensor assembly. The unstructured stratum model box and the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box are filled with surrounding rock material. A tunnel model is prefabricated inside the unstructured stratum model box, and heat exchange ducts are installed inside the tunnel model. The sensor assembly is installed inside the unstructured stratum model box and at the tunnel face.

[0008] The end of the unstructured stratum model box is equipped with a water-proof plate, and the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box is in contact with the water-proof plate. The hydrothermal active zone stratum model box is spliced ​​relative to the unstructured stratum model box. The tunnel face is located inside the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box, and the water injection component is connected to the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box.

[0009] Preferably, the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box is mounted on the side of the unstructured stratigraphic model box via a linear drive mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the linear drive mechanism includes a connecting frame, a support rod, and a screw. The connecting frame is provided with a support rod, which is fitted onto a base with a guide hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratum model box. The end of the screw is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame. The screw passes through the base with a threaded hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratum model box and forms a threaded connection with the threaded hole base. The hydrothermal active zone stratum model box is connected to the support rod.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrothermal active zone strata model box is hinged to the support rod by a pin, so that the hydrothermal active zone strata model box can move away from or towards the unstructured strata model box under the drive of the linear drive mechanism and can also be flipped.

[0012] Preferably, the side of the unstructured stratum model box is provided with a guide rail, and the side of the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box is rotatably mounted with a guide rod, wherein the guide rod is fitted inside the guide rail, and the guide rail is provided with a straight guide part and an arc-shaped guide part.

[0013] Preferably, the test apparatus further includes a limiting and locking component, which is disposed between the unstructured stratigraphic model box and the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box, and is used to limit and lock the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting and locking assembly includes a support frame, a spring, an L-shaped tie rod, a torsion spring, and a column. The support frame is movably installed in a vertical through hole on the unstructured stratum model box, and a spring is provided between the support frame and the unstructured stratum model box. The L-shaped tie rod is rotatably installed on the support frame, and a torsion spring is provided between the L-shaped tie rod and the support frame. The column is set on the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box, and the inner side of the end of the L-shaped tie rod contacts the L-shaped tie rod.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side of the end of the L-shaped tie rod is provided with a ramp.

[0016] Preferably, the water-proof plate has a through groove in the middle that is the same shape as the tunnel model, and gaskets are provided on both sides of the water-proof plate.

[0017] An experimental method for an experimental apparatus for testing the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata includes the following steps:

[0018] S1, prefabricate the tunnel model, and then place the tunnel model in the unstructured strata model box;

[0019] S2, fill the surrounding rock material in the unstructured strata model box and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box, and arrange sensor components, wherein the fissures of the surrounding rock are prefabricated in the hydrothermal active zone strata model box;

[0020] S3, Fix a water-proof plate at the end of the unstructured stratum model box;

[0021] S4, Connect and fix the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box to the water-proof plate at the end of the unstructured stratigraphic model box;

[0022] S5, hot water is injected into the hydrothermal activity zone stratum model box, and then the interior of the tunnel model is ventilated and heated through the heat exchange duct;

[0023] S6 records the data from the sensor components at the tunnel face, and then uses the data transmitted by the sensor components to explore which heat exchange air volume has the best heat exchange efficiency, ensuring that the temperature range inside the tunnel model is suitable for construction workers to carry out construction operations.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] This invention connects a structureless geological model box with a hydrothermal active zone geological model box. The hydrothermal active zone geological model box can be removed from the structureless geological model box, allowing for the replacement of different surrounding rock materials and the construction of fissures in the precast surrounding rock at the working face. After injecting hot water, data from the sensor components at the working face can be recorded to investigate which heat exchange air volume has the best heat transfer efficiency. Through experiments, this invention provides a theoretical basis for the influence of different rock materials and fissures at the working face on heat transfer efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Full sectional view;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A diagram of section A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section B;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section C;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guide rail in this invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box separated from an unstructured stratigraphic model box.

[0034] In the figure: 1 Unstructured strata model box, 2 Hydrothermal active zone strata model box, 3 Waterproof plate, 4 Heat exchange air duct, 5 Water injection component, 6 Sensor assembly, 7 Linear drive mechanism, 8 Guide rail, 9 Limit locking assembly, 11 Tunnel model, 71 Connecting frame, 72 Support rod, 73 Screw, 81 Guide rod, 82 Straight guide part, 83 Arc guide part, 91 Support frame, 92 Spring, 93 L-shaped tie rod, 94 Torsion spring, 95 Column, 96 Slope part, 100 Fractured area. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example:

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0038] An experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata includes an unstructured stratum model box 1, a hydrothermal active zone stratum model box 2, a water-proof plate 3, a heat exchange duct 4, a water injection component 5, and a sensor assembly 6, wherein:

[0039] The unstructured strata model box 1 and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 are filled with surrounding rock material, so that the inside of the experimental device is the same as the inside of the tunnel. The unstructured strata model box 1 is prefabricated with a tunnel model 11. The tunnel model 11 is equipped with a heat exchange duct 4, which is connected to a fan for heat exchange. The heat exchange technology is a conventional setting for those skilled in the art, so its principle will not be described in detail here. Sensor components 6 are provided inside the unstructured strata model box 1 and at the working face of the tunnel model 11.

[0040] The end of the unstructured strata model box 1 is equipped with a water-proof plate 3, through which the tunnel model 11 passes. The hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 is in contact with the water-proof plate 3, so water injected into the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 will not directly seep into the surrounding rock material. The water-proof plate 3 has a blocking effect. The hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 is spliced ​​relative to the unstructured strata model box 1, so the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 can be separated from or connected to the unstructured strata model box 1. The tunnel face of the tunnel model 11 is located inside the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2. The water injection component 5 is connected to the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2, and the water injection component 5 is externally connected to a hot water tank for injecting hot water for the experiment into the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the tunnel model 11 is divided into a construction section, a primary support section, and a secondary lining section from the tunnel face (construction section) to the tunnel entrance, which completely simulates the boundary conditions of the tunnel construction on site.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, sensor assembly 6 is a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, used to detect the temperature and humidity at the working face.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the tunnel model 11 is provided with a water return tank, and the bottom of the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box 2 is provided with a water outlet. The drainage principle here is a conventional setting for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 is mounted on the side of the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1 via a linear drive mechanism 7. Driven by the linear drive mechanism 7, the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 moves linearly, either moving away from or into contact with the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 7 includes a connecting frame 71, a support rod 72, and a screw 73. The connecting frame 71 is equipped with the support rod 72, which is fitted onto a base with a guide hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1. The end of the screw 73 is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 71, and the screw 73 passes through the base with a threaded hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1, forming a threaded connection with the threaded hole base. The hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 is connected to the support rod 72. Thus, when the screw 73 rotates, it can drive the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 to move linearly.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the specific structure of the linear drive mechanism 7 is not limited to a threaded transmission pair, but can also be a linear slider motion pair. Therefore, in practical applications, there is a way to adaptively select the corresponding linear drive mechanism 7.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 is hinged to the support rod 72 via a pin, allowing the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 to move away from or towards the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1 under the drive of a linear drive mechanism, and also to be flipped. This facilitates the replacement of the surrounding rock material and face fractures within the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1 has a guide rail 8 on its side, while the hydrothermal active stratigraphic model box 2 has a guide rod 81 rotatably mounted on its side. The guide rod 81 is fitted inside the guide rail 8, which has a straight guide portion 82 and an arc-shaped guide portion 83. When the hydrothermal active stratigraphic model box 2 moves away from the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1, the guide rod 81 will pass through the straight guide portion 82 and the arc-shaped guide portion 83. When it passes through the arc-shaped guide portion 83, the hydrothermal active stratigraphic model box 2 will flip outward.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the test apparatus further includes a limiting and locking component 9, which is disposed between the unstructured strata model box 1 and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2, and is used to limit and lock the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the limiting and locking assembly 9 includes a support frame 91, a spring 92, an L-shaped tie rod 93, a torsion spring 94, and a column 95. The support frame 91 is movably installed in a vertical through hole on the unstructured stratum model box 1, so the support frame 91 can rise and fall in the vertical direction. A spring 92 is provided between the support frame 91 and the unstructured stratum model box 1. The L-shaped tie rod 93 is rotatably installed on the support frame 91. A torsion spring 94 is provided between the L-shaped tie rod 93 and the support frame 91, whereby the torsion spring 94 provides torque to the L-shaped tie rod 93. The column 95 is set on the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box 2, and the inner side of the end of the L-shaped tie rod 93 contacts the L-shaped tie rod 93, thereby realizing the limiting and fixing of the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box 2.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the end of the L-shaped tie rod 93 is provided with a ramp 96. When the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box 2 moves toward the unstructured stratum model box 1, the column 95 comes into contact with the ramp 96, and the L-shaped tie rod 93 swings due to the guiding effect of the ramp 96, so that the L-shaped tie rod 93 and the column 95 will not interfere with each other.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the water-proof plate 3 has a through groove in the middle that is the same shape as the tunnel model 11, and gaskets are provided on both sides of the water-proof plate 3.

[0053] An experimental method for an experimental apparatus for testing the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata includes the following steps:

[0054] S1, prefabricate tunnel model 11, and then place tunnel model 11 in unstructured strata model box 1;

[0055] S2, fill the unstructured strata model box 1 and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 with surrounding rock material, and arrange sensor components 6, wherein the surrounding rock fissures 100 are prefabricated in the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2.

[0056] S3, fix a water-proof plate 3 at the end of the unstructured stratum model box 1; wherein the water-proof plate 3 passes through the tunnel model 11 and is attached to the side of the unstructured stratum model box 1;

[0057] S4, Connect and fix the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 to the water-proof plate 3 at the end of the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1;

[0058] S5, hot water is injected into the hydrothermal activity zone stratum model box 2, and then the tunnel model 11 is ventilated and heated through the heat exchange duct 4.

[0059] S6 records the data from sensor component 6 at the tunnel face, and then uses the data transmitted by sensor component 6 to explore which heat exchange air volume has the best heat exchange efficiency, ensuring that the temperature range within the tunnel model 11 is suitable for construction workers to carry out construction operations.

[0060] When it is necessary to change the fissures 100 in the precast surrounding rock within the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2, the linear drive mechanism 7 drives the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 to move away from the unstructured stratigraphic model box 1. At this time, the guide rod 81 will pass through the straight guide part 82 and the arc-shaped guide part 83. When the guide rod 81 passes through the arc-shaped guide part 83, it will drive the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 to flip outward, as detailed in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown. After the adjustment is completed, the hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box 2 returns to the attached... Figure 1 The location shown.

[0061] When it is necessary to move the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2, the support frame 91 is pulled up, and the L-shaped tie rod 93 is disengaged from the column 95. At this time, the hydrothermal active zone strata model box 2 is in a state where it can move freely.

[0062] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental device for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata, comprising an unstructured stratum model box (1), a hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2), a water-proof plate (3), a heat exchange duct (4), a water injection component (5), and a sensor assembly (6), wherein the unstructured stratum model box (1) and the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) are filled with surrounding rock material, a tunnel model (11) is prefabricated inside the unstructured stratum model box (1), a heat exchange duct (4) is provided inside the tunnel model (11), and a sensor assembly (6) is provided inside the unstructured stratum model box (1) and at the working face of the tunnel model (11), characterized in that: The end of the unstructured stratum model box (1) is provided with a water-proof plate (3), and the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) is in contact with the water-proof plate (3). The hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) is spliced ​​relative to the unstructured stratum model box (1). The tunnel face (11) is located inside the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2), and the water injection component (5) is connected to the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2).

2. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrothermal active zone stratigraphic model box (2) is set on the side of the unstructured stratigraphic model box (1) via a linear drive mechanism (7).

3. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear drive mechanism (7) includes a connecting frame (71), a support rod (72) and a screw (73). The connecting frame (71) is provided with the support rod (72), which is installed on the base with a guide hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratum model box (1). The end of the screw (73) is rotatably installed on the connecting frame (71). The screw (73) passes through the base with a threaded hole at the bottom of the unstructured stratum model box (1) and forms a threaded connection with the threaded hole base. The hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) is connected to the support rod (72).

4. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2) is hinged to the support rod (72) by a pin, so that the hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2) can move away from or close to the unstructured strata model box (1) under the drive of the linear drive mechanism and can also be flipped.

5. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the unstructured stratum model box (1) is provided with a guide rail (8), while the side of the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) is rotatably mounted with a guide rod (81), wherein the guide rod (81) is fitted inside the guide rail (8), and the guide rail (8) is provided with a straight guide part (82) and an arc-shaped guide part (83).

6. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test apparatus also includes a limiting and locking component (9), which is set between the unstructured strata model box (1) and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2) for limiting and locking the hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2).

7. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting locking assembly (9) includes a support frame (91), a spring (92), an L-shaped tie rod (93), a torsion spring (94), and a column (95). The support frame (91) is movably installed in a vertical through hole on the unstructured stratum model box (1), and a spring (92) is provided between the support frame (91) and the unstructured stratum model box (1). The L-shaped tie rod (93) is rotatably installed on the support frame (91), and a torsion spring (94) is provided between the L-shaped tie rod (93) and the support frame (91). The column (95) is set on the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2), and the inner side of the end of the L-shaped tie rod (93) is in contact with the L-shaped tie rod (93).

8. The experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 7, characterized in that: The L-shaped tie rod (93) has a ramp (96) on the outer side of its end.

9. A test apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The water-proof plate (3) has a through groove in the middle that is the same as the shape of the tunnel model (11), and gaskets are provided on both sides of the water-proof plate (3).

10. An experimental method for an experimental apparatus for the ventilation and heat transfer mechanism of tunnels in hydrothermal active strata according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, prefabricate the tunnel model (11), and then place the tunnel model (11) in the unstructured stratum model box (1); S2, fill the surrounding rock material in the unstructured strata model box (1) and the hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2), and arrange the sensor assembly (6), wherein the fissures of the surrounding rock are prefabricated in the hydrothermal active zone strata model box (2); S3, fix the water-proof plate (3) at the end of the unstructured stratum model box (1); S4, connect and fix the water-proof plate (3) at the end of the hydrothermal active zone stratum model box (2) and the unstructured stratum model box (1); S5, hot water is injected into the hydrothermal activity zone stratum model box (2), and then ventilation and heat exchange are carried out inside the tunnel model (11) through the heat exchange duct (4); S6, record the data of the sensor component (6) at the working face, and then use the data transmitted by the sensor component (6) to explore the heat exchange efficiency of which heat exchange air volume is optimal, so as to ensure that the temperature range in the tunnel model (11) is suitable for construction workers to carry out construction operations.

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