Phase shifting medium for phase shifter, phase shifter and base station antenna

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a phase-shifting medium for a phase shifter, a phase shifter and a base station antenna, wherein the phase-shifting medium includes: at least two dielectric blocks; and at least one impedance matching component, the number of the at least one impedance matching component is one less than the number of the at least two dielectric blocks, and the impedance matching component and the dielectric block are arranged at intervals. In addition, the phase shifter disclosed in accordance with the present disclosure includes: a phase shifter cavity; a phase shifting circuit, the phase shifting circuit is accommodated in the phase shifter cavity; and at least two phase-shifting media, the at least two phase-shifting media are constructed as the aforementioned phase-shifting media and are arranged on both sides of the phase-shifting circuit. Furthermore, the base station antenna disclosed in accordance with the present disclosure includes the phase-shifting medium or phase shifter described in accordance with the present disclosure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a phase shifting medium for a phase shifter, a phase shifter, and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] In today's mobile communication network coverage, the electrically-adjustable base station antenna is one of the key devices for network coverage. The phase shifter is one of the most core components of the electrically-adjustable base station antenna. The performance of the phase shifter directly determines the performance of the electrically-adjustable antenna, which in turn affects the coverage quality of the network. Therefore, the importance of the phase shifter in the field of mobile base station antennas is self-evident.

[0003] Traditional dielectric phase shifters mainly achieve the purpose of phase shifting by moving the phase shifting medium in the phase shifter cavity to change the propagation rate of the signal in the phase shifter, so that the signal output through the phase shifter forms a continuous linear phase difference. Therefore, the dielectric plate design, stripline design and cavity structure design of this type of dielectric phase shifter are very critical.

[0004] In the design of phase-shifting media, since strip lines of the same width present different impedances in the phase-shifting medium and in the air, one or more matching segments are required between the two to achieve impedance matching. Currently, the most common design is to open a window on the phase-shifting medium. The disadvantage of this method is that the width of the matching segment needs to be increased to firmly connect the phase-shifting media at both ends. At the same time, the matching adjustment in such a dielectric phase shifter can only be achieved by changing the size of the window, and its adjustment method is single and not conducive to design optimization. Summary of the invention

[0005] The inventor of the present disclosure, based on the understanding of the prior art, that is, the existing phase-shifting medium can only perform impedance matching by opening a window, and its matching method is single and will increase the size of the phase-shifting medium. The inventor of the present disclosure innovatively thought of functionally dividing the phase-shifting medium into multiple dielectric blocks, and providing an impedance matching component between the dielectric blocks to improve the impedance matching method of the phase-shifting medium. In other words, the present disclosure proposes a new type of phase-shifting medium, which arranges the impedance matching component and the dielectric block at intervals, so that the formed phase-shifting medium can flexibly perform impedance matching without increasing the size of the phase-shifting medium.

[0006] Specifically, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a phase shifting medium for a phase shifter is proposed, the phase shifting medium comprising:

[0007] at least two dielectric blocks; and

[0008] At least one impedance matching member, the number of the at least one impedance matching member is one less than the number of the at least two dielectric blocks, and the impedance matching member and the dielectric block are spaced apart.

[0009] In this way, the phase-shifting medium proposed in the present disclosure is divided into at least two dielectric blocks, and a corresponding impedance matching component is provided between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the impedance matching component includes: a bridge structure, the size of the bridge structure is smaller than the size of the dielectric block adjacent thereto. In this way, a certain segment of the phase-shifting medium can be processed by means of a mold, etc., so as to reduce some size relative to the dielectric block, thereby forming the bridge structure proposed in the present disclosure to achieve the purpose of impedance matching.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the bridge structure has a chamfer structure and / or a rib structure. In this way, the bridge structure proposed in the present disclosure can be realized with the help of, for example, a mold while being easy to process, and its structural strength can be enhanced on this basis.

[0012] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component includes: a groove structure, the extension direction of the groove structure is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the phase shift medium. In this way, the groove structure can be realized by digging grooves in the corresponding segments of the phase shift medium without increasing the size of the corresponding segments of the phase shift medium, thereby realizing the impedance matching component, that is, the impedance matching component proposed according to the present disclosure can be realized in a simple and quick way.

[0013] Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component includes two groove structures, and the two groove structures are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis. Further preferably or additionally, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component also includes: a matching hole, and the matching hole is associated with the groove structure. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, there is more than one matching hole, and the arrangement direction of the matching holes and the extension direction of the groove are parallel to each other. Optionally or additionally, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the matching holes are arranged along the longitudinal axial direction of the phase-shifting medium.

[0014] Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the number of the impedance matching components is greater than or equal to two. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, at least two impedance matching components have different structures. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifting medium is constructed in an integral manner.

[0015] In addition, according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, a phase shifter is also proposed, the phase shifter comprising: a phase shifter cavity; a phase shift circuit, the phase shift circuit being contained in the phase shifter cavity; and at least two phase shifting media, the at least two phase shifting media being constructed as the phase shifting media according to the first aspect of the present disclosure and being arranged on both sides of the phase shifting circuit. Preferably, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the at least two phase shifting media have corresponding fixing members. In this way, the relative positions of the dielectric plates located on both sides of the phase shifting circuit can be fixed, thereby providing a structural guarantee for synchronous phase shifting.

[0016] In addition, according to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a phase shifter is also proposed, the phase shifter comprising:

[0017] Phase shifter cavity;

[0018] a phase shifting circuit, the phase shifting circuit being disposed in the phase shifter cavity; and

[0019] A phase-shifting medium, wherein the phase-shifting medium is disposed in the phase shifter cavity and can move along a preset track and the phase-shifting medium comprises a dielectric block and an impedance matching component connected to the dielectric block, wherein the impedance matching component comprises a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the thickness of the connecting arm is less than the thickness of the dielectric block.

[0020] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component further includes a reinforcing arm, one end of which is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcing arm are arranged along a thickness direction of the dielectric block.

[0021] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the width of the reinforcing arm is smaller than the width of the connecting arm.

[0022] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the connecting arm is provided with an impedance matching hole.

[0023] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component includes a pair of reinforcement arms, one end of each reinforcement arm is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcement arm are arranged along the thickness direction of the dielectric block, and the impedance matching hole is located between the pair of reinforcement arms.

[0024] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the width of the connecting arm is smaller than the width of the dielectric block and a reinforcing rib is provided at one end of the connecting arm close to the dielectric block.

[0025] Furthermore, according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a base station antenna is also proposed, wherein the base station antenna comprises the transmission device according to the above or the phase shifter according to the above.

[0026] In summary, the phase-shifting medium proposed in the present disclosure is divided into at least two dielectric blocks, and a corresponding impedance matching component is provided between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The embodiments are shown and explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are used to explain the basic principles, and only the aspects necessary for understanding the basic principles are shown. These drawings are not to scale. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent similar features.

[0028] Figure 1 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the phase shift medium 100 in an ideal state according to the content of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of a phase shift medium 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0030] Figure 2B A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reverse side of a phase shifting medium 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of a phase shift medium 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reverse side of a phase shift medium 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0033] Figure 4A A schematic diagram showing a front perspective structure of a phase shifting medium 400 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0034] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reverse side of a phase shifting medium 400 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0035] Other features, characteristics, advantages and benefits of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the following specific description of preferred embodiments, reference will be made to the attached drawings that form a part of the present disclosure. The attached drawings show specific embodiments that can implement the present disclosure by way of example. The illustrative embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments according to the present disclosure. It will be appreciated that other embodiments may be utilized, and structural or logical modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the following specific description is not restrictive, and the scope of the present disclosure is limited by the attached claims.

[0037] As mentioned above, in the prior art, the phase shift medium is generally provided with a window, but since the window structure reduces the structural strength of the phase shift medium, the width of the medium plate must be increased in order to maintain a certain structural strength. In addition, another disadvantage of the window structure is that the adjustment and matching method is single and difficult to match.

[0038] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the phase shift medium 100 in an ideal state according to the content of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , from left to right, there is a phase shift medium 110, then an air gap, and then another phase shift medium 120. Further to the right is another air gap, and then another phase shift medium 130. Figure 1 If the phase-shifting medium is formed in the manner shown, many small parts will appear, namely, phase-shifting media 110, 120 and 130, which will be connected to each other through, for example, line 140, but the assembly of such a mechanism and the subsequent phase shifting will be difficult to achieve due to actual manufacturing. Therefore, the inventor of the present disclosure thought of setting some matching features to connect these small parts into a whole, that is, a part. Since the introduction of matching features will inevitably cause changes in the original design performance, it is necessary to design appropriate matching features in actual use to ensure reliable connection and facilitate performance adjustment. Under relatively ideal conditions, the dielectric plate used for the phase shifter is such as dielectric block / air / dielectric block or air / dielectric block / air (the number of conversion segments is not limited, and this alternating method is sufficient).

[0039] The inventor of the present disclosure is based on the understanding of the existing technology and the ideal phase-shifting medium, that is, the existing phase-shifting medium can only perform impedance matching by opening a window, and its matching method is single and will increase the size of the phase-shifting medium, and the ideal structure assembly is difficult. The inventor of the present disclosure innovatively thought of functionally dividing the phase-shifting medium into multiple dielectric blocks, and setting an impedance matching component between the dielectric blocks to improve the impedance matching method of the phase-shifting medium. In other words, the present disclosure proposes a new type of phase-shifting medium, which sets the impedance matching component and the dielectric block at intervals, so that the formed phase-shifting medium can flexibly perform impedance matching without increasing the size of the phase-shifting medium.

[0040] In summary, according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, a phase-shifting medium for a phase shifter is proposed, the phase-shifting medium comprising: at least two dielectric blocks; and at least one impedance matching component, the number of the at least one impedance matching component is one less than the number of the at least two dielectric blocks, and the impedance matching component and the dielectric block are arranged at intervals. In this way, the phase-shifting medium proposed by the present disclosure is divided into at least two dielectric blocks, and a corresponding impedance matching component is arranged between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium disclosed by the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium.

[0041] The phase shifting media 200 , 300 and 400 for the phase shifter proposed according to the present disclosure are described below in conjunction with FIGS. 2 to 4 .

[0042] Figure 2A FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a front three-dimensional structure of a phase shift medium 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2B FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the reverse side of a phase shift medium 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2A and Figure 2BIt can be seen that the phase shifting medium 200 for the phase shifter according to the present disclosure includes three dielectric blocks 210, 220 and 230 and two impedance matching components 241 and 242. That is, the number of impedance matching components (two) is one less than the number of dielectric blocks (three), and the impedance matching components 241, 242 and the dielectric blocks 210, 220 and 230 are arranged at intervals. That is, an impedance matching component 241 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 210 and 220, and an impedance matching component 242 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 220 and 230. Here, the impedance matching component 241 is, for example, a groove structure, and the impedance matching component 242 is, for example, a bridge structure. Here, compared with the overall thickness, the groove structure 241 can be formed by locally reducing the material. In this way, the phase-shifting medium 200 proposed in the present disclosure is divided into three dielectric blocks 210, 220 and 230, and a corresponding impedance matching component 241 or 242 is arranged between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium 200 disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium 200. Here, the extension direction of the groove structure 241 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the phase-shifting medium 200. In this way, the groove structure 241 can be realized by processing the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 200 by grooving without increasing the size of the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 200, and then the impedance matching component 241 can be realized, that is, the impedance matching component 241 proposed in the present disclosure can be realized in a simple and quick manner.

[0043] In another embodiment, that is, Figure 3A FIG. 4 shows a front perspective structural diagram of a phase shift medium 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3B FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the reverse side of a phase shift medium 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3A and Figure 3BIt can be seen that the phase shifting medium 300 for the phase shifter according to the present disclosure includes three dielectric blocks 310, 320 and 330 and two impedance matching components 341 and 342. That is, the number of impedance matching components (two) is one less than the number of dielectric blocks (three), and the impedance matching components 341, 342 and the dielectric blocks 310, 320 and 330 are arranged at intervals. That is, an impedance matching component 341 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 310 and 320, and an impedance matching component 342 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 320 and 330. Here, the impedance matching component 341 is, for example, a groove structure plus a matching hole structure 3411, and the impedance matching component 342 is, for example, a bridge structure. Here, compared with the overall thickness, the groove structure 341 can be formed by locally reducing the material and adding an opening. Here, opening a hole to form a matching hole is not necessary, but optional. In this way, the phase-shifting medium 300 proposed in the present disclosure is divided into three dielectric blocks 310, 320 and 330, and a corresponding impedance matching component 341 or 342 is arranged between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium 300 disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium 300. Here, the extension direction of the groove structure 341 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the phase-shifting medium 300. In this way, the groove structure 341 can be realized by processing the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 300 by grooving without increasing the size of the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 300, and then the impedance matching component 341 can be realized, that is, the impedance matching component 341 proposed in the present disclosure can be realized in a simple and quick manner.

[0044] In yet another embodiment, Figure 4A FIG. 4 shows a front perspective structural diagram of a phase shift medium 400 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4B FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a three-dimensional structure of the reverse side of a phase shift medium 400 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4A and Figure 4BIt can be seen that the phase shifting medium 400 for the phase shifter according to the present disclosure includes three dielectric blocks 410, 420 and 430 and two impedance matching components 441 and 442. That is, the number of impedance matching components (two) is one less than the number of dielectric blocks (three), and the impedance matching components 441, 442 and the dielectric blocks 410, 420 and 430 are arranged at intervals. That is, an impedance matching component 441 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 410 and 420, and an impedance matching component 442 is arranged between the dielectric blocks 420 and 430. Here, the impedance matching component 441 and the impedance matching component 442 are, for example, both a groove structure plus a matching hole structure 4411 and 4421. Here, compared with the overall thickness, the groove structure 441 can be formed by locally reducing the material and adding an opening. Here, opening a hole to form a matching hole is not necessary, but optional. In this way, the phase-shifting medium 400 proposed in the present disclosure is divided into three dielectric blocks 410, 420 and 430, and a corresponding impedance matching component 441 or 442 is arranged between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium 400 disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium 400. Here, the extending directions of the groove structures 441 and 442 are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the phase-shifting medium 400. In this way, the groove structures 441 and 442 can be realized by processing the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 400 by grooving without increasing the size of the corresponding segments of the phase-shifting medium 400, and the impedance matching components 441 and 442 can be realized, that is, the impedance matching components 441 and 442 proposed in the present disclosure can be realized in a simple and quick manner.

[0045] From the above Figure 2A , 2B , 3A and 3B, it can be seen that bridge structures 242 and 342 can be formed between the dielectric blocks on both sides. In general, the size of the bridge structures 242 and 342 is smaller than the size of the dielectric blocks adjacent thereto. In this way, a certain segment of the phase-shifting medium can be processed to reduce some sizes to form the bridge structures 242 and 342 proposed according to the present disclosure to achieve the purpose of impedance matching. Specifically, the thickness of the bridge structures 242 and 342 can, for example, be smaller than the overall thickness of the phase-shifting medium, and accordingly, the width of the bridge structures 242 and 342 can, for example, also be smaller than the width of the phase-shifting medium.

[0046] At the same time, in order to increase the structural strength of the bridge structures 242 and 342 and facilitate the molding of the phase-shifting media 200 and 300, a chamfer structure and / or a rib structure can be added between the bridge structures 242 and 342 and the medium block. In other words, the bridge structure has a chamfer structure and / or a rib structure. In this way, the bridge structure proposed according to the present disclosure can be realized while being easy to process, and its structural strength can also be enhanced on this basis.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the phase-shifting medium 200, 300 and 400 includes at least one impedance matching component, and may include two or more impedance matching components in the case of a wide frequency band. When the phase-shifting medium 200, 300 and 400 includes multiple impedance matching components, each impedance matching component may be of the same structure or of two or more different forms of structures. In addition, it can be seen that when the above impedance matching components are used, since only the material is locally reduced on the corresponding segment of the phase-shifting medium, the structural strength of the entire phase-shifting medium or the corresponding segment is still relatively strong, so there is no need to increase the width of the phase-shifting medium at the segment to ensure the strength. At the same time, when adjusting the impedance matching, the places that can be adjusted include, for example, the size of the matching hole, the number of matching holes, the depth of the groove structure, and the size of the groove structure, so the adjustment methods are diverse, which facilitates the optimization of performance. The above-mentioned phase-shifting medium 200, 300 and 400 can be constructed in an integrally formed manner.

[0048] In addition, according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, a phase shifter is also proposed, the phase shifter comprising: a phase shifter cavity; a phase shift circuit, the phase shift circuit being contained in the phase shifter cavity; and at least two phase shift media, the at least two phase shift media being constructed as the phase shift media according to the first aspect of the present disclosure and being arranged on both sides of the phase shift circuit. Preferably, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the at least two phase shift media have corresponding fixing members. For example, one side has a protrusion and the other side has a recess, which match each other. In this way, the relative positions of the dielectric plates located on both sides of the phase shift circuit can be fixed, thereby providing a structural guarantee for synchronous phase shifting. In other words, in order to facilitate overall transmission and reduce the number of molds, a connector can be added between the two dielectric plates to connect multiple dielectric plates into a whole.

[0049] In addition, according to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a phase shifter is proposed, comprising: a phase shifter cavity; a phase shifting circuit, wherein the phase shifting circuit is disposed in the phase shifter cavity; and a phase shifting medium, wherein the phase shifting medium is disposed in the phase shifter cavity and can move along a preset trajectory and the phase shifting medium comprises a dielectric block and an impedance matching component connected to the dielectric block, wherein the impedance matching component comprises a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the thickness of the connecting arm is less than the thickness of the dielectric block.

[0050] In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component further comprises a reinforcing arm, one end of which is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcing arm are arranged along the thickness direction of the dielectric block. Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the width of the reinforcing arm is smaller than the width of the connecting arm. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the connecting arm is provided with an impedance matching hole.

[0051] Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the impedance matching component includes a pair of reinforcing arms, one end of each reinforcing arm is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcing arm are arranged along the thickness direction of the dielectric block, and the impedance matching hole is located between the pair of reinforcing arms. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the width of the connecting arm is smaller than the width of the dielectric block and a reinforcing rib is further provided at one end of the connecting arm close to the dielectric block.

[0052] Furthermore, according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a base station antenna is also proposed, wherein the base station antenna comprises the transmission device according to the above or the phase shifter according to the above.

[0053] In summary, the phase-shifting medium proposed in the present disclosure is divided into at least two dielectric blocks, and a corresponding impedance matching component is provided between two adjacent dielectric blocks, so that the phase-shifting medium disclosed in the present disclosure can form a transmission structure in which continuous air and dielectric blocks are spaced apart, and impedance matching can be flexibly performed, thereby meeting the requirements of the phase shifter for the phase-shifting medium.

[0054] Although different exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that different changes and modifications can be made that can achieve one or some of the advantages of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other components that perform the same function can be appropriately replaced. It should be understood that the features explained herein with reference to specific figures can be combined with the features of other figures, even in those cases where this is not explicitly mentioned. In addition, the method of the present disclosure can be implemented in a software implementation using all appropriate processor instructions or in a hybrid implementation that utilizes a combination of hardware logic and software logic to obtain the same result. Such modifications to the scheme according to the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phase shifting medium for a phase shifter, characterized in that: The phase shifting medium comprises: at least two dielectric blocks; and At least one impedance matching component, the number of the at least one impedance matching component is one less than the number of the at least two dielectric blocks, and the impedance matching component and the dielectric block are arranged at intervals, wherein the impedance matching component includes a groove structure, the extension direction of the groove structure is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the phase-shifting medium, and wherein the impedance matching component includes two groove structures, and the two groove structures are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis.

2. The phase shifting medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impedance matching component further comprises: A matching hole is associated with the groove structure.

3. The phase shifting medium according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are more than one matching holes, and the arrangement direction of the matching holes and the extension direction of the grooves are parallel to each other.

4. The phase shifting medium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The matching holes are arranged along the longitudinal axial direction of the phase shifting medium.

5. The phase shifting medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the impedance matching components is greater than or equal to two.

6. The phase shifting medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two impedance matching components have different structures.

7. A phase shifter, characterized in that: The phase shifter comprises: Phase shifter cavity; a phase shifting circuit, the phase shifting circuit being accommodated in the phase shifter cavity; and At least two phase shifting media are constructed as the phase shifting media according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and are arranged at both sides of the phase shifting circuit.

8. A phase shifter, characterized in that: The phase shifter comprises: Phase shifter cavity; a phase shifting circuit, the phase shifting circuit being disposed in the phase shifter cavity; and A phase-shifting medium, wherein the phase-shifting medium is disposed in the phase shifter cavity and can move along a preset track and the phase-shifting medium comprises a dielectric block and an impedance matching component connected to the dielectric block, wherein the impedance matching component comprises a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the thickness of the connecting arm is less than the thickness of the dielectric block.

9. The phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that The impedance matching member further includes a reinforcing arm, one end of which is connected to the dielectric block, and wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcing arm are arranged along a thickness direction of the dielectric block.

10. The phase shifter according to claim 9, characterized in that The width of the reinforcing arm is smaller than the width of the connecting arm.

11. The phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that The connecting arm is provided with an impedance matching hole.

12. The phase shifter according to claim 11, characterized in that The impedance matching component includes a pair of reinforcing arms, one end of each reinforcing arm is connected to the dielectric block, wherein the connecting arm and the reinforcing arm are arranged along the thickness direction of the dielectric block, and the impedance matching hole is located between the pair of reinforcing arms.

13. The phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that The width of the connecting arm is smaller than the width of the dielectric block and a reinforcing rib is provided at one end of the connecting arm close to the dielectric block.

14. A base station antenna, comprising the phase shifting medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the phase shifter according to any one of claims 8 to 13.

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