A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication

Abstract

The present invention relates to a five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication, belonging to the technical field of antennas. The present invention adopts a microstrip coaxial laminated structure to be compatible with a five-band composite terminal antenna of a receiving frequency band of an S-band satellite communication system terminal, a transmitting frequency band of an S-band satellite communication system terminal, a B3 frequency band of a Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, a downlink receiving frequency band of a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and an uplink transmitting frequency band of a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal. The present invention has the advantages of miniaturization, low profile, and good axial ratio and beam width at low elevation angles, so as to solve the problems of too narrow beam width and poor axial ratio at low elevation angles of existing satellite navigation and communication handheld antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a small-sized, low-profile, built-in five-band composite antenna that can be compatible with the receiving frequency band of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the transmitting frequency band of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the B3 frequency band of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the downlink receiving frequency band of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the uplink transmitting frequency band of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and can generate hemispherical beam circular polarization radiation in the upper half space along the axial direction of the antenna, and is applicable to satellite navigation and communication terminal handsets. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the application requirements of communication / navigation integration, the system terminal handset needs to cover multiple satellite communication / navigation operating frequencies simultaneously, such as the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system, the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system, and the S-band satellite communication frequency band, etc. Moreover, due to the size limitation of the satellite communication / navigation system terminal handset, on the basis of meeting the multi-band and circular polarization characteristics, the handset antenna also needs to have the characteristics of miniaturization and low profile to meet the requirements of the installation and use environment. At the same time, the handset antenna is also required to achieve good low elevation axial ratio characteristics and have a relatively wide beam width within these frequency bands to ensure that the user terminal can continuously and stably receive and transmit satellite signals.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used handset antenna adopts the form of a four-arm helix antenna. For example, Chinese Patent Authorization No. CN201410627650 discloses a dual-band handset terminal antenna for mobile satellite communication, which realizes dual-band circular polarization radiation in the form of a four-arm helix antenna, but the longitudinal dimension of the antenna is too large, which is not conducive to system integration and the integrated design of the handset.

[0004] The microstrip coaxial stacked structure is another common implementation method of multi-band composite antennas. However, although the existing multi-band composite antennas have achieved miniaturization, the axial ratio and gain at low elevation angles have not been optimized, and they can only cover a limited angular range in the direction of the antenna normal, unable to meet the requirements of higher-rate satellite navigation / communication handset terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a miniaturized, low-profile five-band composite terminal antenna that can be compatible with the receiving frequency band (2185 MHz ± 15 MHz) of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the transmitting frequency band (1995 MHz ± 15 MHz) of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the B3 frequency band (1268 MHz ± 10 MHz) of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the downlink receiving frequency band (2492 MHz ± 5 MHz) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the uplink transmitting frequency band (1616 MHz ± 5 MHz) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, so as to solve the problems of the existing satellite navigation communication handheld antenna with too narrow beam width and poor axial ratio at low elevation angle.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication, characterized by comprising: a first antenna group, a second antenna group, a metal fastening bolt, a feeding probe, a metal bottom plate, a feeding network dielectric substrate, a metallized via, a feeding network, and a vertical metal wall;

[0008] The first antenna group includes: an S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna, an S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna, and a Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal B3 antenna, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal axis;

[0009] The second antenna group includes: a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna and a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal uplink transmitting antenna, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal axis;

[0010] The first antenna group and the second antenna group are placed side by side and connected to the feeding network dielectric substrate through metal fastening bolts, wherein the first antenna group and the second antenna group are located on the upper side of the feeding network layer, and the two share the back area of the feeding network dielectric substrate;

[0011] The feeding network is located on the lower side of the feeding network dielectric substrate and feeds five antennas with different frequencies through feeding probes; the metal bottom plate is loaded with metallized vias to ensure good grounding of the feeding structure;

[0012] The vertical metal wall is located at the opening vertical plane of the S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna, the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna, and the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna, so as to improve the low-elevation radiation characteristics and wide-angle axial ratio characteristics of the circularly polarized antenna.

[0013] Further technical solution of the present invention: The receiving antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the transmitting antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the B3 antenna of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the downlink receiving antenna of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the uplink transmitting antenna of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal all adopt a microstrip structure, and their dielectric substrates adopt a square arc chamfer form.

[0014] Further technical solution of the present invention: The receiving antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal includes a first antenna radiation patch, a first dielectric substrate, and a first metallized via; the first antenna radiation patch is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; first openings are provided on the four sides of the first dielectric substrate, and vertical metal walls are provided at the vertical planes of the first openings; rectangular slots are provided on the four sides of the first antenna radiation patch; the first metallized via penetrates through the first antenna radiation patch and the first dielectric substrate to connect to a feeding probe; two first orthogonal isolation disks are provided on the first antenna radiation patch for insulating the first antenna radiation patch from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

[0015] Further technical solution of the present invention: The transmitting antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal includes a second antenna radiation patch, a second dielectric substrate, and a second metallized via; the second antenna radiation patch is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; second openings smaller than the first openings are provided on the four sides of the second dielectric substrate, and vertical metal walls are provided at the vertical planes of the second openings; first stepped stubs are provided on the four sides of the second antenna radiation patch; the second metallized via penetrates through the antenna radiation patch and the dielectric substrate to connect to a feeding probe; four second orthogonal isolation disks are provided on the second antenna radiation patch for insulating the second antenna radiation patch from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

[0016] Further technical solution of the present invention: The B3 antenna of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal includes a third antenna radiation patch, a third dielectric substrate, and a third metallized via; the third antenna radiation patch is located on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate; second stepped stubs are provided on the four sides of the third antenna radiation patch; the third metallized via penetrates through the third antenna radiation patch and the third dielectric substrate to connect to a feeding probe; four third orthogonal isolation disks are provided on the third antenna radiation patch for insulating the third antenna radiation patch from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

[0017] Further technical solution of the present invention: The second stepped stub is in a T shape.

[0018] Further technical solution of the present invention: The downlink receiving antenna of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal includes a fourth antenna radiation patch, a fourth dielectric substrate, and a fourth metallized via; the fourth antenna radiation patch is located on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate; a rectangular opening is provided on the fourth dielectric substrate, and a vertical metal wall is provided at the vertical plane of the rectangular opening; rectangular branches are provided on the four sides of the fourth antenna radiation patch; the fourth metallized via penetrates through the fourth antenna radiation patch and the fourth dielectric substrate to connect to a feeding probe; four fourth orthogonal isolation disks are provided on the fourth antenna radiation patch for insulating the fourth antenna radiation patch from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

[0019] Further technical solution of the present invention: The uplink transmitting antenna of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal includes a fifth antenna radiation patch, a fifth dielectric substrate, and a fifth metallized via; the fifth antenna radiation patch is located on the upper surface of the fifth dielectric substrate; third stepped branches are provided on the four sides of the fifth antenna radiation patch; the fifth metallized via penetrates through the antenna radiation patch and the fifth dielectric substrate to connect to a feeding probe; four fifth orthogonal isolation disks are provided on the fifth antenna radiation patch for insulating the fifth antenna radiation patch from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

[0020] Further technical solution of the present invention: The third stepped branch is in a T shape.

[0021] Further technical solution of the present invention: The feeding network is located on the lower side of the antenna structure. The feeding network is divided into five parts, where the feeding network serves as the feeding network of the receiving antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the feeding network serves as the feeding network of the transmitting antenna of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the feeding network serves as the feeding network of the B3 antenna of the Beidou generation-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the feeding network serves as the feeding network of the downlink receiving antenna of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the feeding network serves as the feeding network of the uplink transmitting antenna of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal; the feeding network uses two annular copper claddings as the grounding structure of the feeding network; the feeding network is provided with metallized vias and is connected to the upper-side antenna through feeding probes; the two annular copper claddings of the feeding network are provided with metallized vias to ensure the grounding effect of the feeding network.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) The present invention has the characteristics of wide-beam circular polarization radiation. By loading a vertical metal wall on the cross-section of the ceramic substrate by slotting or digging holes, the axial ratio characteristic of the antenna at low elevation angles is effectively improved, and at the same time, the beam width of the antenna is broadened.

[0024] (2) The present invention features a low profile and miniaturization. By arranging five antennas in two groups in a stacked manner and placing the two groups of antennas side by side, the profile size of the antenna is effectively reduced; by using a ceramic material with a high dielectric constant, the miniaturization of the antenna is ensured.

[0025] (3) The present invention has good standing wave bandwidth and isolation characteristics. By using independent dual-point feeding networks for the five-band antennas respectively, good standing wave ratios can be achieved in each frequency band, and the feeding positions are designed to ensure the isolation between ports. Description of the Drawings

[0026] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered as limitations of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs denote the same components.

[0027] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the overall assembly diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is the structure diagram of the S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the structure diagram of the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0031] Figure 5 It is the structure diagram of the B3 antenna of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0032] Figure 6 It is the structure diagram of the downlink receiving antenna of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0033] Figure 7 It is the structure diagram of the uplink transmitting antenna of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0034] Figure 8 It is the structure diagram of the antenna feeding network bottom plate in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0035] Figure 9 It is the structure diagram of the antenna feeding network in the technical embodiment of the present invention: (a) simulation diagram; (b) line diagram;

[0036] Figure 10The voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 The circular polarization gain pattern and axial ratio of the antenna 1268 MHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 The circular polarization gain pattern and axial ratio of the antenna 1616 MHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 The circular polarization gain pattern and axial ratio of the antenna 1995 MHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 The circular polarization gain pattern and axial ratio of the antenna 2185 MHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 The circular polarization gain pattern and axial ratio of the antenna 2492 MHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of a mobile phone. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 - 9 , which is a five-band composite antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to the present invention, and it includes 12 parts: the S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna 1, the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna 2, the Beidou generation II satellite navigation system terminal B3 antenna 3, the Beidou generation I satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna 4, the Beidou generation I satellite navigation system terminal uplink transmitting antenna 5, the metal fastening bolt 6, the feeding probe 7, the metal bottom plate 8, the feeding network dielectric substrate 9, the metallized via 10, the feeding network 11, and the vertical metal wall 12. The five antennas 1, 2, 3 and 4, 5 are arranged from top to bottom in the order of decreasing operating frequency to form a coaxial structure arranged in two columns in a stacked manner; the feeding network 11 of the antenna is located at the bottom layer of the antenna and is connected to the radiation patch through the feeding probe 7; the vertical metal wall 12 of the antenna is located at the cross section of the ceramic substrate digging holes 107, 207, 407, and introduces a vertical polarization current component around the circular polarization antenna through a coupling method; each antenna is provided with bolt holes 103, 203, 303, 403, 503, and the various parts of the antenna are connected into a whole through the metal fastening bolt 6.

[0045] By reasonably selecting the dielectric constant and thickness of the dielectric substrate, the overall size of the five-band composite antenna meets the requirements of miniaturization and low profile.

[0046] Specifically, the terminal receiving antenna 1 of the S-band satellite communication system adopts a microstrip structure, and its dielectric substrate 102 is in the form of a square with rounded chamfers; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 102 is 16 and the thickness is 2 mm; the radiation patch 101 uses orthogonal dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation. The radiation patch 101 is connected to the feeding probe 7 through a metallized via 104, and the antenna uses dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation; a rectangular slot 106 is provided on the radiation patch 101 to realize the miniaturization of the antenna in this frequency band; the dielectric substrate 102 is copper-clad on one side, and the radiation patch 201 of the lower-layer S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna is used as the metal bottom plate of the microstrip structure. The opening 107 on the dielectric substrate 102 is used to reserve an operating space for adjusting the resonant frequency and matching of the lower-layer antenna, and a vertical metal wall 12 is provided at the vertical plane of the opening 107 to improve the low-elevation radiation characteristics and wide-angle axial ratio characteristics of the circular polarization antenna; two orthogonal isolation disks 105 are provided on the antenna for insulating the radiation patch 101 of the antenna from the feeding probe of the lower-layer antenna; the bolt hole 103 is used for installing bolts; the lower side of the dielectric substrate 102 of the terminal receiving antenna 1 of the S-band satellite communication system is not copper-clad, and the radiation patch 201 of the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna 2 is used as the bottom plate of the microstrip structure.

[0047] Specifically, the transmitting antenna 2 of the S-band satellite communication system terminal adopts a microstrip structure, and its dielectric substrate 202 is in the form of a square with rounded chamfers; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 202 is 9.6 and the thickness is 4 mm; the radiation patch 201 adopts orthogonal dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation. The radiation patch 201 is connected to the feeding probe 7 through a metallized via 204. The antenna adopts dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation; by loading a stub 206 on the radiation patch 201, the resonance and matching of the antenna in this frequency band can be adjusted; the dielectric substrate 202 is copper-clad on one side, and the radiation patch 201 serves as the metal bottom plate of the upper-layer microstrip antenna. At the same time, the radiation patch 301 of the lower-layer B3 antenna of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal is used as the metal bottom plate of the microstrip structure. The opening 207 on the dielectric substrate 202 is used to reserve an operating space for adjusting the resonance frequency point and matching of the lower-layer antenna; and a vertical metal wall 12 is provided at the vertical plane of the opening 207 to improve the low-elevation radiation characteristics and wide-angle axial ratio characteristics of the circular polarization antenna; the antenna is provided with four orthogonal isolation disks 205 for insulating the radiation patch 201 of the antenna from the feeding probes of other-layer antennas; the bolt holes 203 are used for installing bolts; the lower side of the dielectric substrate 202 of the transmitting antenna 2 of the S-band satellite communication system terminal is not copper-clad, and the radiation patch 301 of the B3 antenna 3 of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal is used as the bottom plate of the microstrip structure.

[0048] Specifically, the B3 antenna 3 of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal adopts a microstrip structure, and its dielectric substrate 302 is in the form of a square with rounded chamfers; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 302 is 9.6 and the thickness is 2 mm; the radiation patch 301 adopts orthogonal dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation. The radiation patch 301 is connected to the feeding probe 7 through two orthogonal metallized vias 304. The antenna adopts dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation; by loading a stepped stub 306 on the radiation patch 301, the resonance and matching of the antenna in this frequency band can be adjusted; the dielectric substrate 302 is copper-clad on one side, and the radiation patch 301 serves as the metal bottom plate of the upper-layer microstrip antenna. At the same time, it shares the same metal bottom plate 8 with the lower-layer feeding network.

[0049] Specifically, the downlink receiving antenna 4 of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal adopts a microstrip structure, and its dielectric substrate 402 is in the form of a square with rounded corners; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 402 is 9.6 and the thickness is 2 mm; the radiation patch 401 adopts orthogonal dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation. The radiation patch 401 is connected to the feeding probe 7 through a metallized via 404, and the antenna adopts dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation; the antenna is provided with two orthogonal isolation disks 405 for insulating the radiation patch 401 of the antenna from the feeding probe of the lower-layer antenna; a stub 406 is loaded on the radiation patch 401 to adjust the resonance and matching of the antenna in this frequency band; the dielectric substrate 402 is copper-clad on one side, and the radiation patch 501 of the uplink transmitting antenna of the lower-layer Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal is used as the metal bottom plate of the microstrip structure; the rectangular opening 407 on the dielectric substrate 402 is used to reserve an operating space for adjusting the resonance frequency point and matching of the lower-layer antenna, and a vertical metal wall 12 is provided at the vertical plane of the opening 407. The lower side of the dielectric substrate 402 of the downlink receiving antenna 4 of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal is not copper-clad, and the radiation patch 501 of the uplink transmitting antenna 5 of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal is used as the bottom plate of the microstrip structure.

[0050] Specifically, the uplink transmitting antenna 5 of the Beidou generation-1 satellite navigation system terminal adopts a microstrip structure, and its dielectric substrate 502 is in the form of a square with rounded corners; the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 502 is 9.6 and the thickness is 2 mm; the radiation patch 501 adopts orthogonal dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation. The radiation patch 501 is connected to the feeding probe 7 through a metallized via 504, and the antenna adopts dual-point feeding to achieve circular polarization radiation; a stepped stub 506 is loaded on the radiation patch 501 to adjust the resonance and matching of the antenna in this frequency band; the antenna is provided with two orthogonal isolation disks 505 for insulating the radiation patch 501 of the antenna from the feeding probe of the upper-layer antenna; the dielectric substrate 502 is copper-clad on one side, and the radiation patch 501 serves as the metal bottom plate of the upper-layer microstrip antenna and shares the same metal bottom plate 8 with the lower-layer feeding network at the same time.

[0051] Optimally, isolation disks are provided on all five radiation patches to ensure mutual insulation between the feeding probes of the antenna in this frequency band and the antennas of other frequencies.

[0052] Specifically, the antenna feeding network 11 is located at the bottom layer of the antenna. The relative dielectric constant of the feeding network dielectric substrate 9 is 9.6 and the thickness is 1.5 mm. The feeding network 1101 feeds the receiving antenna 1 of the S-band satellite communication system terminal. The feeding network 1102 feeds the transmitting antenna 2 of the S-band satellite communication system terminal. The feeding network 1103 feeds the B3 antenna 3 of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal. The feeding network 1104 feeds the downlink receiving antenna 4 of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal. The feeding network 1105 feeds the uplink transmitting antenna 5 of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal. A circular copper cladding 1106 is arranged around the feeding network. Meanwhile, metallized vias 10 with a pitch of 2 mm and a radius of 0.4 mm are arranged on this structure to ensure good grounding of the feeding network. The feeding network is connected to the upper-layer antenna through a feeding probe 7 passing through the metallized via 1107.

[0053] The overall structure of the five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication is as Figure 2 shown. By reasonably selecting the relative dielectric constant and thickness of the antenna dielectric substrate and miniaturizing the radiation patch. Through this method, a five-band composite antenna that realizes hemispherical circularly polarized beam coverage at five frequencies can be designed.

[0054] The effects of the embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated by simulation:

[0055] 1. Simulation content:

[0056] Please refer to Figures 10 - 15 , and the voltage standing wave ratio, radiation pattern and gain characteristics of the antenna in the above embodiments are simulated and calculated using electromagnetic simulation software.

[0057] 2. Simulation results:

[0058] Figure 10 is the characteristic of the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna in the embodiment obtained by simulation changing with the operating frequency. It can be seen from Figure 10 that for the five-band composite antenna, the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.23 in the frequency band of 1268 MHz ± 10 MHz, less than 1.35 in the frequency band of 1616 MHz ± 5 MHz, less than 1.41 in the frequency band of 1995 MHz ± 15 MHz, less than 1.25 in the frequency band of 2185 MHz ± 15 MHz, and less than 1.17 in the frequency band of 2492 MHz ± 5 MHz. The antenna achieves good matching in all five frequency bands.

[0059] From Figures 11 - 15It is the simulated radiation pattern of the center frequency points of the antenna of the present invention within five operating frequency bands. Within the five frequency bands, a good hemispherical beam radiation pattern in the upper hemisphere space is achieved. The in-band radiation characteristics of the radiation pattern are stable, and the gain curve of the radiation pattern is smooth and flat without ripples. Figure 11 Shown are the circular polarization gain radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna at 1268 MHz. The half-power beam widths of the antenna are 138° (Phi = 0°) and 141° (Phi = 90°) respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio angular range is 186°. Figure 12 Shown are the circular polarization gain radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna at 1616 MHz. The half-power beam widths of the antenna are 121° (Phi = 0°) and 119° (Phi = 90°) respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio angular range is 209°. Figure 13 Shown are the circular polarization gain radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna at 1995 MHz. The half-power beam widths of the antenna are 111° (Phi = 0°) and 118° (Phi = 90°) respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio angular range is 222°. Figure 14 Shown are the circular polarization gain radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna at 2185 MHz. The half-power beam widths of the antenna are 107° (Phi = 0°) and 107° (Phi = 90°) respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio angular range is 215°. Figure 15 Shown are the circular polarization gain radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna at 2492 MHz. The half-power beam widths of the antenna are 114° (Phi = 0°) and 117° (Phi = 90°) respectively, and the 3 dB axial ratio angular range is 211°. It can be seen from the radiation pattern and axial ratio of the antenna that through the vertical metal wall, the five-frequency composite antenna achieves wide-angle circular polarization coverage.

[0060] The simulation results show that the antenna can achieve hemispherical beam circular polarization radiation of a five-frequency composite terminal antenna that is compatible with the receiving frequency band of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the transmitting frequency band of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the B3 frequency band of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the downlink receiving frequency band of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the uplink transmitting frequency band of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal. It solves the problem of multi-frequency combination of circular polarization radiation of satellite navigation and satellite communication antennas, not only achieving miniaturization but also optimizing the axial ratio and gain at low elevation angles.

[0061] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication, characterized in that, Comprising: A first antenna group, a second antenna group, a metal fastening bolt (6), a feeding probe (7), a metal base plate (8), a feeding network dielectric substrate (9), a metallized via hole (10), a feeding network (11), a vertical metal wall (12); The first antenna group includes: an S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna (1), an S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna (2), and a Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal B3 antenna (3), which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal axis; The second antenna group includes: a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna (4) and a Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal uplink transmitting antenna (5), which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal axis; The first antenna group and the second antenna group are placed side by side and connected to the feeding network dielectric substrate (9) through the metal fastening bolt (6). The first antenna group and the second antenna group are located on the upper side of the feeding network layer, and the back area of the feeding network dielectric substrate (9) is shared by both; The feeding network (11) is located on the lower side of the feeding network dielectric substrate (9) and feeds five antennas with different frequencies through the feeding probe (7); the metal base plate (8) is loaded with metallized via holes (10) to ensure good grounding of the feeding structure; Vertical metal walls (12) are provided at the vertical opening surfaces of the S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna (1), the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna (2), and the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna (4) to improve the low elevation angle radiation characteristics and wide-angle axial ratio characteristics of the circularly polarized antenna.

2. The five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 1, characterized in that The S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna (1), the S-band satellite communication system terminal transmitting antenna (2), the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal B3 antenna (3), the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal downlink receiving antenna (4), and the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal uplink transmitting antenna (5) all adopt a microstrip structure, and their dielectric substrates adopt a square arc chamfer form.

3. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The S-band satellite communication system terminal receiving antenna (1) includes a first antenna radiation patch (101), a first dielectric substrate (102), and a first metallized through hole (104); the first antenna radiation patch (101) is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (102); first openings (107) are provided on the four sides of the first dielectric substrate (102), and vertical metal walls are provided at the vertical surfaces of the first openings (107); rectangular slots (106) are provided on the four sides of the first antenna radiation patch (101); the first metallized through hole (104) penetrates through the first antenna radiation patch (101) and the first dielectric substrate (102) to connect to the feeding probe; two first orthogonal isolation disks (105) are provided on the first antenna radiation patch (101) for insulating the first antenna radiation patch (201) from the feeding probe of the lower-layer antenna.

4. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The terminal transmitting antenna (2) of the S-band satellite communication system includes a second antenna radiation patch (201), a second dielectric substrate (202), and a second metallized via hole (204); the second antenna radiation patch (201) is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (202). Second openings (207) smaller than the first opening (107) are provided on the four sides of the second dielectric substrate (202), and vertical metal walls are provided at the vertical planes of the second openings (207); first stepped stubs (206) are provided on the four sides of the second antenna radiation patch (201); the second metallized via hole (204) penetrates through the antenna radiation patch (201) and the dielectric substrate (202) to connect to a feeding probe; four second orthogonal isolation disks (205) are provided on the second antenna radiation patch (201) for insulating the second antenna radiation patch (101) from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

5. The five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal B3 antenna (3) of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system includes a third antenna radiation patch (301), a third dielectric substrate (302), and a third metallized via hole (304); the third antenna radiation patch (301) is located on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (302); second stepped stubs (306) are provided on the four sides of the third antenna radiation patch (301); the third metallized via hole (304) penetrates through the third antenna radiation patch (301) and the third dielectric substrate (302) to connect to a feeding probe; four third orthogonal isolation disks (305) are provided on the third antenna radiation patch (301) for insulating the third antenna radiation patch (301) from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

6. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second stepped stub (306) is in a T shape.

7. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal downlink receiving antenna (4) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system includes a fourth antenna radiation patch (401), a fourth dielectric substrate (402), and a fourth metallized via hole (404); the fourth antenna radiation patch (401) is located on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate (402); a rectangular opening (407) is provided on the fourth dielectric substrate (402), and a vertical metal wall is provided at the vertical plane of the rectangular opening (407); rectangular stubs (406) are provided on the four sides of the fourth antenna radiation patch (401); the fourth metallized via hole (404) penetrates through the fourth antenna radiation patch (401) and the fourth dielectric substrate (402) to connect to a feeding probe; four fourth orthogonal isolation disks (405) are provided on the fourth antenna radiation patch (401) for insulating the fourth antenna radiation patch (401) from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

8. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uplink transmitting antenna (5) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal includes a fifth antenna radiation patch (501), a fifth dielectric substrate (502), and a fifth metallized via hole (504); the fifth antenna radiation patch (501) is located on the upper surface of the fifth dielectric substrate (502); third stepped branches (506) are provided on the four sides of the fifth antenna radiation patch (501); the fifth metallized via hole (504) penetrates through the antenna radiation patch (501) and the fifth dielectric substrate (502) to connect to a feeding probe; four fifth orthogonal isolation disks (505) are provided on the fifth antenna radiation patch (501) for insulating the fifth antenna radiation patch (501) from the lower-layer antenna feeding probe.

9. The five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third stepped branch (506) is in a T shape.

10. A five-band built-in handheld antenna compatible with satellite navigation and communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network (11) is located on the lower side of the antenna structure. The feeding network is divided into five parts. Among them, the first feeding network (1101) serves as the feeding network of the receiving antenna (1) of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the second feeding network (1102) serves as the feeding network of the transmitting antenna (2) of the S-band satellite communication system terminal, the third feeding network (1103) serves as the feeding network of the B3 antenna (3) of the Beidou-2 satellite navigation system terminal, the fourth feeding network (1104) serves as the feeding network of the downlink receiving antenna (4) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal, and the fifth feeding network (1105) serves as the feeding network of the uplink transmitting antenna (5) of the Beidou-1 satellite navigation system terminal; the feeding network uses two annular copper claddings (1106) as the grounding structure of the feeding network; the feeding network is provided with metallized via holes (1107) and is connected to the upper-side antenna through a feeding probe (7); the two annular copper claddings (1106) of the feeding network are provided with metallized via holes (10) to ensure the grounding effect of the feeding network.

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