Multi-functional plasma scalpel

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional plasma scalpel and belongs to the technical field of surgical medical instruments. The scalpel comprises a scalpel head, a scalpel rod main body, a scalpel handle, a gas source pipe, a gas cylinder, a liquid injection pipe and a suction pipe. The scalpel head comprises, from outside to inside, a rubber pipe, a stainless steel pipe and a ceramic insulation head which are sequentially nested, and an ablation electrode, a jet assembly and a suction port which are arranged on the ceramic insulation head. A function button is arranged on the scalpel handle to switch the working mode of the scalpel. The ablation electrode is annular semicircular and is composed of segmented electrodes to cut target tissues. The jet assembly comprises, sequentially nested, a metal electrode, a quartz glass pipe and a metal electrode, and a hole at one end of the jet assembly serves as a jet hole. Working gas in the gas cylinder enters the jet assembly through the gas source pipe, and jetting is performed on target tissues to achieve rapid blood coagulation or fine cutting. The cut tissues are sucked into the suction port and then discharged through the suction pipe connected with the scalpel handle. The multifunctional scalpel can realize convenient switching of multiple functions, effectively shorten the operation time and accelerate the recovery of patients.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of surgical medical instruments, and more particularly to a multifunctional plasma scalpel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plasma technology has been applied in medicine since the 1990s. In 1998, the British Glee Company first used it for prostate tissue resection. In 2001, China first introduced this technology. Due to the advantages of low-temperature plasma ablation in tissue cutting, postoperative hemostasis and pain relief, and minimally invasive surgery, and its promising development prospects, today, low-temperature plasma ablation has occupied an important place in the field of surgical medical operations at home and abroad.

[0003] Traditional low-temperature plasma jet knives generally use single-atom inert gases such as argon and helium as working media. Although air and nitrogen can also be used as gas plasma working media, their application is relatively less due to the difficulty of generating plasma. Plasma is gently blown out of the nozzle along with argon gas, generating a very good plasma jet flame. The high-energy active particles in the jet flame can easily break the peptide bonds of protein macromolecules, so it has the advantages of convenience and speed when used for cutting tissue, and makes the wound very neat.

[0004] However, the presence of oxidation reactions can cause the electrode and nozzle to be easily worn and ablated. In addition, under atmospheric pressure, the breakdown voltage of the gas is also relatively high, so the discharge gap is usually very small, limiting the size of the treated tissue. In surgery, there are frequent changes of surgical knives due to different operations on the treated tissue, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the operation and makes the operation extremely inconvenient. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects of the related art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a multifunctional plasma scalpel, which aims to solve the problems of high voltage required for the electrode and nozzle of the scalpel, easy wear, and frequent replacement of the scalpel during surgery according to different tissue treatment needs, causing complicated operation and reduced surgical efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a multifunctional plasma scalpel, comprising: a scalpel head, a scalpel rod body, a scalpel handle, a gas source pipe, a gas cylinder, a liquid injection pipe and a suction pipe.

[0007] The scalpel head comprises a rubber tube, a stainless steel tube and a ceramic insulating head nested in order from the outside to the inside, and an ablation electrode, a jet assembly and a suction port arranged on the ceramic insulating head.

[0008] The knife head is connected to the knife handle through the knife rod body, and a function button is arranged on the knife handle to switch the working mode of the surgical knife.

[0009] The liquid injection pipe is connected to the knife handle, and when the surgical knife is in the ablation mode, the physiological saline enters the knife head through the liquid injection pipe and is injected into the target tissue to be operated through the gap between the rubber pipe and the stainless steel pipe.

[0010] The ablation electrode is in the shape of a ring-shaped semicircle and is composed of segmented electrodes, and when the surgical knife is in the ablation mode, the ablation electrode is used to generate plasma glow discharge at the target tissue to cut the target tissue and fragment the cut tissue;

[0011] One end of the gas source pipe is connected to the gas cylinder, and the other end is connected to the knife handle, and when the surgical knife is in the jet mode, the working gas in the gas cylinder enters the knife head through the gas source pipe;

[0012] The jet assembly includes a quartz glass pipe and two layers of metal electrodes, and is formed in a three-layer structure in the order of metal electrode-quartz glass pipe-metal electrode, and the central hole at one end serves as a jet hole; when the surgical knife is in the jet mode, the jet assembly is used to jet the working gas to the target tissue for rapid coagulation or fine cutting;

[0013] The suction port sucks the cut tissue and discharges it through the suction pipe connected to the knife handle.

[0014] Optionally, the ceramic insulating head includes a columnar ceramic body and a ceramic end face;

[0015] The columnar ceramic body is arranged on the inner side of the stainless steel pipe to insulate the electrodes and connect with the knife handle;

[0016] The ceramic end face is provided with an electrode groove, and the ablation electrode is arranged in the electrode groove;

[0017] The ceramic end face is provided with a jet groove, and the jet assembly is arranged in the jet groove;

[0018] One suction port is arranged on the ceramic end face, one suction passage is arranged in the columnar ceramic body and connected to the suction port, the suction passage is connected to the suction pipe, and the suction port sucks the cut tissue, tissue fluid and physiological saline generated by the ablation electrode.

[0019] Optionally, the jet assembly adopts a three-layer stacked discharge structure, including a high-voltage electrode, a quartz glass dielectric tube and a grounded electrode nested in sequence from inside to outside, all being hollow columns with one end open and the other end having a center hole as a jet hole; the working gas flows and reacts in the columnar high-voltage electrode and reaches the target tissue through the jet hole.

[0020] Optionally, the jet assembly adopts a DBD-like discharge structure, including a high-voltage needle electrode, a quartz glass dielectric tube and a grounded electrode arranged in sequence from inside to outside; the quartz glass dielectric tube and the grounded electrode are both hollow columns with one end open and the other end having a center hole as a jet hole, and the high-voltage needle electrode is arranged at the center of the quartz glass dielectric tube with the needle tip directly facing the center of the jet hole; the working gas flows and reacts in the gap between the quartz glass dielectric tube and the high-voltage needle electrode and reaches the target tissue through the jet hole.

[0021] Optionally, the multifunctional plasma scalpel further comprises a power cord and an interface, the power cord is connected with the handle and connected to an external power source through the interface.

[0022] Optionally, the ablation electrode and the jet assembly are both retractable.

[0023] Optionally, the multifunctional plasma scalpel further comprises a control module, the function buttons include a power button, an ablation function button, a jet coagulation function button and a jet cutting function button, and the control module is used for function control according to different function buttons;

[0024] When the power button is pressed, the scalpel is in standby state, the scalpel is connected to the power source, and the ablation electrode and the jet assembly are retracted into the corresponding grooves;

[0025] When the ablation function button is pressed, the scalpel switches to ablation mode, and the ablation electrode is extended by the control module; the ablation electrode is connected to the pulse voltage, and the physiological saline flows out from between the rubber tube and the stainless steel tube through the liquid injection tube to generate plasma glow discharge around the ablation electrode;

[0026] When the jet coagulation function button is pressed, the scalpel switches to the coagulation mode in the jet mode, the jet assembly is extended by the control module, and the ablation electrode is retracted into the electrode groove; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse high-voltage with a voltage amplitude of 5kV, the gas source pipe guides the working gas in the gas cylinder to be discharged after discharge at the high-voltage electrode and sprayed from the jet port, and the working gas contacts the target tissue and the physiological saline to disinfect and sterilize the wound;

[0027] When the jet cutting function button is pressed, the scalpel is switched to the cutting mode in the jet mode, the jet assembly is extended by the control module, at the same time, the ablation electrode is retracted into the electrode slot; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 15kV, the gas source pipe guides the working gas in the gas cylinder to the jet port, and after discharging at the high-voltage electrode, the working gas is sprayed out of the jet port, and after contacting the target tissue and the physiological saline, the target tissue is accurately cut.

[0028] Optionally, the voltage amplitude of the pulse power source connected to the ablation electrode is 150V, the duty cycle is 50%, and the working frequency is 100kHz.

[0029] Optionally, the working gas is air.

[0030] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by the present application combines and innovates the plasma jet scalpel and the ablation scalpel: the plasma of the jet scalpel is blown out from the nozzle along with the flow of gas to generate a very good plasma jet flame, and the high-energy active particles in the jet flame can easily break the peptide bonds of protein macromolecules, so that the jet scalpel has the advantages of convenience, speed and accuracy when cutting tissues, and the wound is very neat. The ablation scalpel discharges in physiological saline, high-energy electrons in the plasma can react with water molecules to generate highly active free radicals and react with the adjacent tissue surface to ablate the tissue. The ablation electrode has a larger action area, which makes up for the disadvantage that the jet scalpel is limited in size when processing tissues. After combining the two, a truly multifunctional plasma scalpel is realized.

[0032] (2) The jet scalpel of the multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by the present application belongs to a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) jet, and the unique small hole and converging design ensures the high-energy particle density of the jet under high-power working conditions, can quickly generate a large number of active oxygen and active nitrogen particles, the jet length is long, the cutting speed is fast, the cutting surface is smooth and neat, the surgical field is clearer, and the patient's pain is greatly reduced, and the recovery period is shortened; at the same time, the jet working gas is air, which effectively avoids the problem of electrode oxidation caused by argon jet.

[0033] (3) The multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by the application can switch the working state and mode at any time through the function button, has a large-area ablation knife on the outside and a small-volume jet knife on the inside, can quickly switch the knife head according to different needs, and avoids the situation that the scalpel is frequently replaced during the operation; in addition to the ablation and cutting two working states, the device can also realize the functions of sterilization and coagulation alone by controlling the voltage applied on the electrode and the working gas of the jet assembly. The multifunctionality is suitable for various operation scenes, the function can be conveniently switched according to the needs, and the operation time can be effectively shortened.

[0034] (4) The ablation knife anode structure of the multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by the application innovatively adopts a segmented ring electrode, the ring electrode ensures the easy controllability during large-area operation, the segmented design on the one hand strengthens the plasma discharge intensity of the edge and reduces the requirement for the driving voltage, and on the other hand can fragment the cut-off tissue, is beneficial to the suction of the suction port on the ceramic insulating head, avoids the situation that the suction channel is blocked by large pieces of tissue, and better protects the electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of a multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0036] Figure 2 is a knife head structure schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0037] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of a jet assembly provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0038] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of another jet assembly provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0039] Figure 5 is a typical eschar diameter diagram formed by a multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by an embodiment of the application in two working modes.

[0040] Figure 6 is a typical eschar depth diagram formed by a multifunctional plasma scalpel provided by an embodiment of the application in two working modes.

[0041] Label description:

[0042] 1, knife head; 2, knife rod main body; 3, knife handle; 4, power cord; 5, gas source pipe; 6, liquid injection pipe; 7, suction pipe; 8, function button, 9, gas cylinder, 10 interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0044] The following description, in conjunction with a preferred embodiment, illustrates the content involved in the above embodiments.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional plasma surgical scalpel includes: a blade head 1, a blade body 2, a handle 3, a gas source pipe 5, a gas cylinder 9, an injection pipe 6, and a suction pipe 7;

[0046] The blade 1 includes a rubber tube 101, a stainless steel tube 102 and a ceramic insulating head 103 nested from the outside to the inside, as well as an ablation electrode 104, a jet assembly 105 and a suction port 106 disposed on the ceramic insulating head 103.

[0047] The blade head 1 is connected to the handle 3 via the blade body 2. The handle 3 is provided with a function button 8 for switching the working mode of the scalpel.

[0048] The handle 3 is connected to the injection tube 6. When the scalpel is in ablation mode, physiological saline enters the head 1 through the injection tube 6 and is injected into the target tissue to be operated on through the gap between the rubber tube 101 and the stainless steel tube 102.

[0049] The ablation electrode 104 is a ring-shaped semicircle and is composed of segmented electrodes. When the scalpel is in ablation mode, the ablation electrode 104 is used to generate plasma glow discharge at the target tissue to cut the target tissue and fragment the removed tissue.

[0050] One end of the gas source pipe 5 is connected to the gas cylinder 9, and the other end is connected to the knife handle 3. When the scalpel is in jet mode, the working gas in the gas cylinder 9 enters the knife head 1 through the gas source pipe 5.

[0051] The jet assembly 105 includes a quartz glass tube (not shown) and two layers of metal electrodes (not shown), which are nested in sequence to form a three-layer structure, and the central opening at one end serves as a jet hole (not shown); when the scalpel is in jet mode, the jet assembly 105 is used to jet the working gas to the target tissue for rapid coagulation or fine cutting.

[0052] The suction port 106 sucks the resected tissue and discharges it through the suction tube 7 connected to the handle 3.

[0053] Reference Figures 1-2 The gas supply tube 5, the liquid injection tube 6, and the suction tube 7 are connected to the handle. The bit head 1 is connected to the bit body 2 at one end, and the other end is provided with a related plasma assembly, which includes two parts. One part is a double-electrode discharge assembly for achieving ablation cutting, including an outer electrode, a ceramic insulating head 103, and an ablation electrode 104, wherein the ablation electrode 104 is arranged on the surface of the ceramic insulating head 103. The other part is a multifunctional jet assembly 105 for achieving rapid plasma coagulation and cutting, including two layers of metal electrodes and one layer of glass tube, and the center hole at one end serves as a jet hole, wherein the jet assembly 105 is arranged on the surface of the ceramic insulating head 103.

[0054] The bit body 2 also includes an insulating rubber tube 101, which has a certain gap between the ground electrode of the double-electrode discharge assembly and serves as a channel for delivering physiological saline. One end of the channel is directly connected to the bit head 1, and the other end is connected to the liquid injection tube 6 on the handle 3. Physiological saline acts as an electrolyte to establish an electric circuit from the ablation electrode 104 to the ground electrode. The ablation electrode 104 discharges under the action of a high-frequency electric field. Specifically, when the electric field and current density near the ablation electrode 104 cause local ohmic heating of the saline to exceed the vaporization heat and heat dissipation rate of the saline, many small bubbles are emitted from the electrode, forming a thin layer of water vapor on the high-field region of the electrode surface. Due to the thin thickness of the vapor layer and the high conductivity of the saline, the electric field in the vapor layer increases rapidly, causing gas breakdown and generating transient non-equilibrium glow discharge around the electrode. High-energy electrons in the plasma can react with water molecules to generate highly active free radicals and active substances (OH, O, and H2O2). The breakdown generates a large number of electrons, free radicals, and ions. Meanwhile, a large number of charged free particles will gain energy under the action of an external electric field and become charged high-energy particles. These high-energy particles can act on protein macromolecules and break the peptide bonds of protein molecules with their own energy, react with the surface of adjacent target tissues, extract hydrogen atoms from highly hydrogenated protein surfaces, and further dehydrogenate proteins, ultimately leading to protein fragmentation and achieving efficient ablation of tissues.

[0055] The ablation electrode 104 is a semi-circular ring segmented electrode made of stainless steel, which enhances the electric field strength around the ablation electrode, reduces the requirement for the size of the driving voltage, and generates effective and strong plasma with a pulse voltage amplitude of 150V, so as to achieve more rapid ablation and cutting of the tissue. When a larger area is involved in the operation, the ablation electrode 104 is used for processing, which improves the efficiency and reduces the processing time, thereby prolonging the service life of the scalpel. The segmented design can fragment the cut tissue while ablation and cutting, and the suction port 106 is arranged on the surface of the ceramic insulating head 103. The fragmented tissue is easy to be extracted by the suction port 106, so as to avoid the blockage of the suction port 106 and the suction tube 7.

[0056] Further, the double-electrode discharge assembly has two modes of operation. By modulating the driving voltage, the coagulation degree at the boundary of the surgical incision can be controlled. One is a coagulation mode, in which the ablation electrode 104 is configured to apply a voltage lower than the plasma discharge threshold. The scalpel operates in the coagulation mode to inactivate and stop bleeding of the tissue by cell drying and protein denaturation, which is used for hemostasis, coagulation and tissue necrosis. The other is an ablation mode, in which the ablation electrode 104 applies a voltage increased to a higher value. The scalpel operates in the ablation mode to generate plasma for ablation and cutting of the tissue.

[0057] The working frequency of the power supply used in the medical plasma is lower than that of the traditional thermal energy knife and the electrotome, which reduces the heat generated by intermolecular friction. The cutting, ablation and hemostasis processes can be completed within 70℃, and the action depth is only 50-100μm, which truly realizes minimally invasive surgery.

[0058] The working gas enters the jet assembly 105 through the gas source tube 5. The jet assembly 105 includes a quartz glass tube and two layers of metal electrodes. The working gas is discharged at the metal electrodes of the jet assembly 105 to generate active substances, which reach the target tissue through the jet hole to act. The working gas is air. The air discharge in the jet assembly 105 can generate a large amount of active oxygen and active nitrogen particles, which can further generate a large amount of active oxygen, active nitrogen particles and other active particles, such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite, etc. Active oxygen and nitrogen substances and other free radicals are the main reasons for triggering cell mechanisms and cell death by non-thermal plasma. Different effects are obtained when the metal electrodes are connected to different voltages. At the first voltage, the wound can be effectively disinfected and sterilized, which greatly promotes the recovery of the wound and achieves rapid coagulation. At the second voltage, the tissue can be accurately cut at room temperature.

[0059] Compared with the plasma jet knife, the water medium plasma ablation knife is cleaner, and the cut tissue and saline can be quickly sucked away through the suction channel, and the action area is larger, which makes up for the limitation of the jet knife in processing tissue area. After combining the two, a truly multifunctional plasma surgical knife is realized.

[0060] The embodiment combines the jet knife and the ablation knife on the surgical knife head, and the ablation electrode adopts a segmented ring-shaped electrode, which reduces the starting discharge voltage and makes it difficult to generate plasma. It has multiple functions such as large-area ablation, small-area precise cutting, disinfection and blood coagulation. Different function buttons are set on the handle, and the buttons can be conveniently switched according to the use scene, which can avoid frequent switching of surgical equipment during surgery, solve the problem of high voltage required by the electrode and nozzle of the surgical knife, easy to wear, and frequent replacement of surgical knives during surgery according to different tissue processing needs, causing cumbersome operation and low surgical efficiency, and realize convenient switching of functions according to needs, suitable for various surgical scenes, reduce the wear of electrodes and jet ports, effectively shorten the operation time, accelerate the recovery of patients and have beneficial effects.

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, the jet assembly 105 includes two structures. Among them, the rear end of the jet assembly of the two structures is connected with the gas supply device on the handle to supply working gas and realize different functions such as blood coagulation and cutting.

[0062] The first kind, as shown in Figure 3 The jet assembly 105 adopts a three-layer stacked discharge structure, including a high-voltage electrode 105a, a quartz glass medium tube 105b and a grounding electrode 105c nested in turn from inside to outside, and the three-layer stacked structure is a hollow column with one end open and the other end open at the same position of the tapered closed tail end on the front side, that is, a hole is opened at the center of the end face as a jet hole 105d. The working gas flows and reacts in the column-shaped high-voltage electrode 105a and reaches the target tissue through the jet hole 105d.

[0063] The second kind, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the jet assembly 105 adopts a DBD-like discharge structure, including a high-voltage needle electrode 105e, a quartz glass dielectric tube 105f and a grounded electrode 105g arranged in sequence from inside to outside; the quartz glass dielectric tube 105f and the grounded electrode 105g are both hollow cylindrical with one end open, and the other end is open at the same position of the tapered closed tail end on the front side, that is, the end face is open at the center as a jet hole 105h, the high-voltage needle electrode 105e is arranged at the center position of the quartz glass dielectric tube 105f, and the needle tip is opposite to the center of the jet hole 105h; the working gas flows and reacts in the gap between the quartz glass dielectric tube 105f and the high-voltage needle electrode 105e, and reaches the target tissue through the jet hole 105h.

[0064] The aperture of the jet holes 105d and 105h is 2.5mm, and the material of the metal electrode is stainless steel. The design of the tapered closing and the jet hole ensures a clear surgical field and a small volume of the jet knife, facilitating precise operation.

[0065] The high-voltage electrode 105a (105e) of the jet assembly 105 is driven by a high-performance nanosecond pulse power supply, with a pulse rising edge of 2ns, a pulse width of 500ns, a frequency of 10k Hz, and a voltage amplitude of 5kV-15kV according to different working modes.

[0066] The working gas discharges under the action of the high-voltage electrode to generate plasma, which is blown out from the jet hole along with the flow of the gas to generate a plasma jet flame with good flowability. The high-energy active particles in the jet flame can easily break the peptide bonds of protein macromolecules, and have the advantages of convenience, speed and accuracy when cutting tissue, and make the wound very neat.

[0067] The first jet assembly structure is preferred in the embodiment of the application, which belongs to a DBD-like jet, and is not a pure DBD. Since the electrodes are not completely separated by the dielectric, it is easier to discharge active particles. The unique small hole and closing design ensures the high-energy particle density of the jet under the condition of high-power work, can quickly generate a large number of active oxygen and active nitrogen particles, the jet length is long, the cutting speed is fast, the cutting surface is neat and smooth, the surgical field is clearer, which can greatly reduce the patient's pain and shorten the recovery period; at the same time, the jet working gas is air, which effectively avoids the problem of electrode oxidation caused by argon jet.

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, optionally, the ceramic insulating head 103 includes a cylindrical ceramic main body 103a and a ceramic end face 103b;

[0069] The cylindrical ceramic body 103 is arranged on the inner side of the stainless steel tube 102, for isolating each electrode and connecting with the shank 3.

[0070] An electrode slot is arranged on the ceramic end face 103b, and the ablation electrode 104 is arranged in the electrode slot.

[0071] A jet flow slot is arranged on the ceramic end face 103b, and the jet flow assembly 105 is arranged in the jet flow slot.

[0072] The ceramic end face 103b is provided with the suction port 106, and a suction passage is arranged in the cylindrical ceramic body 103a and connected with the suction port 106. The suction passage is connected with the suction tube 7, and the suction port 106 sucks out the tissue and tissue fluid and physiological saline generated by cutting of the ablation electrode 104.

[0073] The ceramic insulation head 103 mainly consists of two parts, including the cylindrical ceramic body 103a and the ceramic end face 103b. The cylindrical ceramic body 103a mainly serves to isolate each electrode and connect with the shank. The ceramic end face 103b is provided with the electrode slot in which the ablation electrode 104 is arranged, and the through conduit in the center in which the jet flow assembly 105 for coagulation or fine cutting is arranged. The ablation electrode 104 and the jet flow assembly 105 are retractable, and are retracted into the corresponding slot when not in use, and are extended when in use, thereby protecting the ablation electrode 104 and the jet flow assembly 105.

[0074] The ceramic insulation head 103 is further provided with the suction port 106 and the connected suction passage, and the suction passage is connected with the suction tube 7 on the shank 3. The suction port 106 can suck away the tissue cut by the ablation electrode, the excess tissue fluid, physiological saline and the like, thereby avoiding blocking the surgical field and causing secondary infection of the wound.

[0075] On the basis of the above embodiment, optionally, the multifunctional plasma surgical knife further comprises a power cord 4 and an interface 10. The power cord 4 is connected with the shank 3 and connected with an external power source through the interface 10.

[0076] Optionally, the multifunctional plasma surgical knife further comprises a control module (not shown), and the function button 8 comprises a power button, an ablation function button, a jet flow coagulation function button and a jet flow cutting function button. The control module is used for function control according to different function buttons 8.

[0077] When the power button is pressed, the surgical knife is in standby state, the surgical knife is connected with the power source, and the ablation electrode 104 and the jet flow assembly 105 are retracted into the corresponding slot.

[0078] When the ablation function button is pressed, the scalpel switches to the ablation mode, the ablation electrode 104 is extended by the control module, the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse voltage, and the physiological saline flows out from between the rubber tube 101 and the stainless steel tube 102 through the injection tube 6 to generate a plasma glow discharge around the ablation electrode 104.

[0079] When the jet coagulation function button is pressed, the scalpel switches to the coagulation mode in the jet mode, the jet assembly 105 is extended by the control module, and the ablation electrode 104 is retracted into the electrode groove; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 5kV, the gas source pipe 5 guides the working gas in the gas cylinder 9 to be discharged from the jet port after discharge at the high-voltage electrode, and the target tissue and physiological saline are contacted to disinfect and sterilize the wound.

[0080] When the jet cutting function button is pressed, the scalpel switches to the cutting mode in the jet mode, the jet assembly 105 is extended by the control module, and the ablation electrode 104 is retracted into the electrode groove; the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 15kV, the gas source pipe 5 guides the working gas in the gas cylinder 9 to be discharged from the jet port after discharge at the high-voltage electrode, and the target tissue and physiological saline are contacted to accurately cut the target tissue.

[0081] In the ablation mode, the ablation electrode 104 is connected to the pulse voltage with a voltage amplitude of 150V, a duty cycle of 50%, a rising edge of 600ns, and a working frequency of 100kHz, and the injection tube 6 and the suction tube 7 start to work. The physiological saline flow of the injection tube 6 can be adjusted by the flow regulator matched on the tube, the physiological saline flows out from between the rubber tube 101 and the stainless steel tube 102 through the injection tube 6 to generate a plasma glow discharge around the ablation electrode 104, thereby enabling large-area ablation cutting operation.

[0082] In the coagulation mode, the high-voltage electrode is connected to the pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 5kV, and the gas source pipe 5 is switched to air supply by the control module. The plasma is discharged from the jet port. The characteristics of air discharge are that high-concentration gas active oxygen and active nitrogen components are generated, and hydroxyl radicals, peroxynitric acid, and other components are generated after contacting with the tissue and physiological saline, which can effectively disinfect and sterilize the wound and greatly promote the recovery of the wound.

[0083] In the cutting mode, the high-voltage electrode is connected to a pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 15 kV, the gas source pipe 5 is switched to air supply by the control module, and the plasma is sprayed from the jet port. The air discharge jet surgical knife has high electron temperature, large electron density, and large production of active nitrogen and oxygen substances in tissue fluid, can accurately cut the tissue at room temperature, and can reduce the pain of the patient, reduce the damage to the healthy tissue, and shorten the recovery time.

[0084] The above four working modes can be directly and conveniently switched through buttons, can be selected according to actual use scenes, are suitable for various surgical scenes, and can greatly improve the surgical efficiency.

[0085] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the typical scab diameter formed by the surgical knife in the ablation mode is 5 mm, and the depth is 0.8 mm; the typical scab diameter formed by the surgical knife in the air jet cutting mode is only 2 mm, and the depth is only 0.3 mm.

[0086] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-functional plasma scalpel, characterized by, The utility model relates to a surgical knife, which comprises a blade head, a blade rod body, a handle, a gas source pipe, a gas cylinder, a liquid injection pipe and a suction pipe. The blade head comprises a rubber pipe, a stainless steel pipe and a ceramic insulation head arranged in sequence from outside to inside, and an ablation electrode, a jet assembly and a suction port arranged on the ceramic insulation head. The blade head is connected to the handle through the blade rod body, and a function button is arranged on the handle to switch the working mode of the surgical knife. The liquid injection pipe is connected to the handle, and when the surgical knife is in the ablation mode, physiological saline enters the blade head through the liquid injection pipe and is injected into the target tissue to be operated through the gap between the rubber pipe and the stainless steel pipe. The ablation electrode is annular semicircular and composed of segmented electrodes, and when the surgical knife is in the ablation mode, the ablation electrode is used to generate plasma glow discharge at the target tissue to cut and fragment the cut tissue. One end of the gas source pipe is connected to the gas cylinder, and the other end is connected to the handle, and when the surgical knife is in the jet mode, the working gas in the gas cylinder enters the blade head through the gas source pipe. The jet assembly comprises a quartz glass pipe and two layers of metal electrodes, and is formed in a three-layer structure in the order of metal electrode-quartz glass pipe-metal electrode, and the central hole at one end serves as a jet hole. The suction port sucks the cut tissue and discharges it through the suction pipe connected to the handle. The ceramic insulation head comprises a columnar ceramic body and a ceramic end face.

2. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein, The columnar ceramic body is arranged on the inner side of the stainless steel pipe to insulate the electrodes and connect with the handle. The ceramic end face is provided with an electrode groove in which the ablation electrode is arranged. The ceramic end face is provided with a jet groove in which the jet assembly is arranged. The ceramic end face is provided with one suction port, and the columnar ceramic body is provided with a suction channel connected to the suction port. The jet assembly adopts a three-layer stacked discharge structure, comprising a high-voltage electrode, a quartz glass dielectric tube and a grounding electrode arranged in sequence from inside to outside, all being hollow columns with an open hole at one end and a central jet hole at the other end.

3. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 2, wherein, The jet assembly adopts a DBD-like discharge structure, comprising a high-voltage needle electrode, a quartz glass dielectric tube and a grounding electrode arranged in sequence from inside to outside.

4. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein, The working gas flows and reacts in the gap between the quartz glass dielectric tube and the high-voltage needle electrode, and reaches the target tissue through the jet hole.

5. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein, The multifunctional plasma scalpel further comprises a power cord connected with the handle and an interface for connecting with an external power source.

6. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 3, wherein, The ablation electrode and the jet assembly are retractable.

7. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 6, wherein, The multifunctional plasma scalpel further comprises a control module, and the function buttons include a power button, an ablation function button, a jet coagulation function button and a jet cutting function button, and the control module is used for function control according to different function buttons. When the power button is pressed, the scalpel is in standby state, the scalpel is connected with a power source, and the ablation electrode and the jet assembly are retracted into the corresponding grooves. When the ablation function button is pressed, the scalpel is switched to an ablation mode, and the ablation electrode is extended by the control module. The ablation electrode is connected with a pulse voltage, and physiological saline flows out from between the rubber tube and the stainless steel tube through the liquid injection tube to generate plasma glow discharge around the ablation electrode. When the jet coagulation function button is pressed, the scalpel is switched to a coagulation mode in a jet mode, the jet assembly is extended by the control module, and the ablation electrode is retracted into the electrode groove; the high-voltage electrode is connected with a pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 5kV, the gas source pipe guides working gas in the gas cylinder to be discharged at the high-voltage electrode and sprayed from the jet hole after discharge, and the working gas contacts target tissues and physiological saline to disinfect and sterilize the wound. When the jet cutting function button is pressed, the scalpel is switched to a cutting mode in a jet mode, the jet assembly is extended by the control module, and the ablation electrode is retracted into the electrode groove; the high-voltage electrode is connected with a pulse high voltage with a voltage amplitude of 15kV, the gas source pipe guides working gas in the gas cylinder to be discharged at the high-voltage electrode and sprayed from the jet hole, and the working gas contacts target tissues and physiological saline to accurately cut the target tissues.

8. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 7, wherein, The voltage amplitude of the pulse power source connected with the ablation electrode is 150V, the duty cycle is 50%, and the working frequency is 100kHz.

9. The multi-functional electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein, The working gas is air.

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