Railway flat car lock seat accurate positioning and lock head rapid measurement method

Abstract

A kind of railway flat car lock seat accurate positioning and lock head fast measurement method, step (1) detects the lock surface height of each lock seat;Step (2) uses sample pole to detect double lock seat and single lock seat;Step (3) measures the width size of positioning transverse lock head;Step (4) measures the diagonal line and length direction size of region;Step (5) adjusts straightness;Step (6) group lock seat: complete lock seat group.This application adopts the measurement method of sub-region on lock head measurement sequence, standard operation process, can realize mass production while improving production efficiency, reduce the requirement of operation skill level, lock seat is placed orderly, lock seat positioning is accurate, measurement line is clear, reduce labor workload;It can effectively avoid the frequent movement of operator on the car body, reduce the risk of foot under the empty and car body accessory fetters, complete the group of lock seat and the measurement of lock head size on the ground iron horse platform once, effectively improve the labor conditions and safe operation environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway intermodal transport, and in particular to a method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seats and rapid measurement of lock heads. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for NX70 railway general flatcars in railway transportation, the number of production orders for this model from various companies has gradually increased. In the production process, the assembly of the car lock seat is one of the key and difficult points and key quality control points for each company. Because this model has high requirements for the precision of lock seat assembly, if there is no scientific and reasonable assembly method, it will often lead to problems such as large dimensional deviation after lock seat assembly, many switching and rework, and high scrap rate. At the same time, the uneven skill level of operators and the random and disorderly production operation have also become the main reasons for the increase in the amount of rework for this model. In the past lock seat assembly process, there were often problems such as large dimensional deviation, many switching and rework, high scrap rate, and low production efficiency. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Before assembly: the lock seat placement position is blind and arbitrary. Because the operators do not have a clear lock seat placement position, the lock seat position is constantly adjusted and checked while being placed and measured during lock seat assembly. As a result, the repetitive workload of the operators increases and the work becomes cumbersome. (2) During assembly: the lock head measurement method is outdated and monotonous. When measuring length, width, and diagonal, operators always use the 1st or 2nd position or the 3rd or 4th position lock head as a reference to measure in the opposite direction. As a result, problems such as large measurement span, many back-and-forth trips, unclear measurement routes, and even missed or repeated measurements may occur. (3) After assembly: The skill level of operators varies, and there are often problems such as low skill level, poor tacit understanding, out-of-tolerance of various dimensions, and increased rework. The first-time inspection pass rate can only reach 70%. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for accurately positioning railway flatcar lock seats and rapidly measuring lock heads, which can improve the pass rate of the first inspection after lock seat assembly and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the vehicle.

[0004] The method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seats and rapid measurement of lock heads includes the following steps:

[0005] Step (1) Check the height of the lock face of each lock seat: Use a level to check the height of the lock face of each lock seat. The height difference should be less than or equal to 6 mm. If the height difference is greater than 6 mm, the height difference of the lock seat plates of each lock seat should be adjusted to the range required by the process to ensure that the lock seats are placed on the same plane.

[0006] Step (2) Use a template to test double lock seats and single lock seats: Before assembling a single lock seat or double lock seat, use a template with a bent vertical surface to fit against the thick plate in the length direction of the car body lock seat base plate. Draw the double lock seat length baseline on the lock seat plate. Use the template that fits against the thickness of the plate in the width direction of the lock seat to draw the lock seat width baseline. Draw the extension line of the baseline on the lock seat plate to complete the positioning of the lock seat.

[0007] Step (3) Measure the width of the positioning lateral lock head: Measure the lateral width (AB) of the single lock head A and single lock head B at the first position of the vehicle body, and the lateral width (CD) of the single lock head C and single lock head D at the second position. Then measure the lateral width between the two sets of double lock heads placed in the middle, namely the lateral width between the set of lock head EF and the set of lock head HG, to ensure that the lateral positioning of the entire vehicle lock meets the process requirements.

[0008] Step (4) Measure the diagonal and longitudinal dimensions of the area: Using the double lock seat, lock head EF and lock head HG located in the middle as the central reference, divide the entire vehicle lock seat into a left area and a right area. In the left area, the four corners are lock head A, lock head E, lock head H and lock head B in clockwise order. In the right area, the four corners are lock head F, lock head C, lock head D and lock head G in clockwise order. Measure the diagonal length and longitudinal dimension of the two areas respectively. Then measure the diagonal length and longitudinal dimension of the entire area and adjust it to meet the process requirements.

[0009] Step (5) Adjust straightness: Adjust the straightness between the single lock seat base and the double lock seat base using tools. After adjusting to meet the process requirements, perform tack welding on each lock seat. The tack welding is symmetrical on both sides of the lock seat with a length of 30-40 mm and a weld angle of 5 mm, and is evenly distributed.

[0010] Step (6) Pair the lock seats: Complete the pairing of lock seats.

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), a hydraulic press can be used to apply pressure from above and push from below, and the height difference between the lock seat plates of each lock seat needs to be adjusted to the range required by the process.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), the template rod includes a horizontal plane and a downwardly bent vertical plane, and a handle is provided on one side of the horizontal plane of the template rod.

[0013] Preferably, in step (5), the straightness between the single lock base and the double lock base is adjusted by using a long straightedge.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) In the production of NX70 flatbed lock seat assembly and lock head measurement, the assembly mode of lock seat positioning by sample rod assembly was used for the first time, and the measurement method of dividing the area was adopted in the lock head measurement sequence to standardize the operation process, which can improve production efficiency while realizing mass production.

[0016] (2) Lower the requirements for operational skill levels;

[0017] (3) Using a template for marking and positioning, the lock seats are placed in an orderly manner, the lock seats are accurately positioned, the measurement lines are clear, and the workload is reduced.

[0018] (4) This measurement method can effectively avoid operators moving back and forth on the vehicle body, reduce the risk of stepping into the air and getting caught on the vehicle body accessories. The assembly of the lock seat and the measurement of the lock head size can be completed in one go on the ground iron horse platform, which effectively improves working conditions and safe working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a sample rod to test double and single lock seats according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement and positioning width of the transverse lock head according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the diagonal and length dimensions of the measurement area of ​​the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of straightness according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a side view of the sample rod of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram, 1 represents the horizontal plane, 2 the vertical plane, and 3 the handle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] exist Figures 1 to 5 The schematic diagram of the present invention shown illustrates the following steps for the accurate positioning of the railway flatcar lock seat and the rapid measurement of the lock head:

[0026] Step (1) Detect the height of the lock face of each lock seat: Use a level to detect the height of the lock face of each lock seat. If the height difference is less than or equal to 6 mm, and the height difference is greater than 6 mm, a hydraulic press can be used to press from above and push from below. The height difference of the lock seat plates of each lock seat needs to be adjusted to the range required by the process to ensure that the lock seats are on the same plane after installation.

[0027] Step (2) Use a template to test double and single lock seats: The template includes a horizontal surface 1 and a downwardly bent vertical surface 2. A handle 3 is provided on one side of the horizontal surface of the template. Before assembling a single or double lock seat, use the bent vertical surface of the template to fit against the thick plate in the horizontal length direction of the vehicle body lock seat base plate. Draw the double lock seat length reference line on the positioning reference line marking template. Use the template attached to the thickness of the plate in the width direction of the lock seat to draw the lock seat width reference line. Draw the extension line of the reference line on the positioning reference line marking template to complete the positioning of the lock seat. Figure 1 and Figure 5 ;

[0028] Step (3) Measure the lateral width of the locking cylinders: Use a measuring tape to measure the lateral width of the single locking cylinders A and B at the first position on the vehicle body, i.e., the distance between locking cylinders A and B; and the lateral width of the single locking cylinders C and D at the second position, i.e., the distance between locking cylinders C and D. Then measure the lateral width between the two sets of double locking cylinders in the middle, i.e., the distance between locking cylinders EH and HG, to ensure that the lateral positioning of the entire vehicle locking system meets the process requirements. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Step (4) Measure the diagonal and length dimensions of the area: Using the double lock seat, lock head EF, and lock head HG located in the center as the central reference, divide the entire vehicle lock seat into a left area and a right area. In the left area, the four corners, clockwise, are lock head A, lock head E, lock head H, and lock head B. In the right area, the four corners, clockwise, are lock head F, lock head C, lock head D, and lock head G. Measure the diagonal lengths of the two areas, i.e., lock head A and lock head H, lock head B and lock head E, and lock head HG. Measure the straight-line distance between lock head F and lock head D, and the straight-line distance between lock head C and lock head G. Then measure the longitudinal dimensions of each area, namely the distance between lock head A and lock head E, lock head B and lock head H, lock head F and lock head C, and lock head G and lock head D. Finally, measure the diagonal length and longitudinal dimensions of the entire area, namely the distance between lock head A and lock head D, lock head B and lock head C, lock head A and lock head C, and lock head B and lock head D, and adjust them to meet the process requirements, such as... Figure 3 ;

[0030] Step (5) Adjusting straightness: Adjust the straightness between the single lock seat base and the double lock seat base using a long straightedge. After adjusting to meet the process requirements, perform tack welding on each lock seat. The tack welds should be symmetrically placed on both sides of the lock seat, with a length of 30-40 mm and a weld bead of 5 mm, and evenly distributed. Figure 4 ;

[0031] Step (6) Pair the lock seats: Complete the pairing of lock seats.

Claims

1. A method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seats and rapid measurement of lock heads, characterized in that: Step (1) Detect the lock face height of each lock seat: Use a level to detect the lock face height of each lock seat. The height difference should be less than or equal to 6 mm. If the height difference is greater than 6 mm, the height difference of each lock seat plate should be adjusted to the range required by the process to ensure that the lock seats are in the same plane after installation. Step (2) Use a template to detect double lock seats and single lock seats: Before assembling single or double lock seats, use a template with a bent vertical surface to fit against the thick plate in the length direction of the car body lock seat base plate. Draw the double lock seat length baseline on the lock seat plate. Use the template fitted against the thickness of the plate in the width direction of the lock seat to draw the lock seat width baseline. Draw the extension line of the baseline on the lock seat plate to complete the positioning of the lock seat. Step (3) Measure the width dimension of the positioning transverse lock head: Measure the transverse width (AB) of the single lock head A and single lock head B at the first position of the car body, the transverse width (CD) of the single lock head C and single lock head D at the second position, and then measure the two sets of double lock heads placed in the middle, i.e., one set of lock heads E. The lateral width between F and a set of lock heads HG ensures that the lateral positioning of the entire vehicle lock meets the process requirements; Step (4) Measure the diagonal and length dimensions of the area: Taking the double lock seat, lock head EF and lock head HG located in the middle as the central reference, divide the entire vehicle lock seat into a left area and a right area. In the left area, the four corners are lock head A, lock head E, lock head H and lock head B in a clockwise direction. In the right area, the four corners are lock head F, lock head C, lock head D and lock head G in a clockwise direction. Measure the diagonal length and longitudinal dimension of the two areas respectively, and then measure the diagonal length and longitudinal dimension of the entire area and adjust it to meet the process requirements; Step (5) Adjust the straightness: Adjust the straightness between the single lock seat base and the double lock seat base with tools. After adjusting to meet the process requirements, perform positioning welding on each lock seat. The fixed welding is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the lock seat with a length of 30-40 mm and a welding angle of 5 mm, and is evenly distributed; Step (6) Assemble the lock seats: Complete the lock seat assembly.

2. The method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seat and rapid measurement of lock head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), a hydraulic press is used to adjust the height difference of the lock seat plates of each lock seat to the range required by the process by using the method of pressing from above and pushing from below.

3. The method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seat and rapid measurement of lock head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the template includes a horizontal plane and a downwardly bent vertical plane, and a handle is provided on one side of the horizontal plane of the template.

4. The method for accurate positioning of railway flatcar lock seat and rapid measurement of lock head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the straightness between the single lock base and the double lock base is adjusted by using a long straightedge.

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