A ship rapid berthing and docking system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ship berthing, in particular to a ship rapid berthing and docking system, which is composed of a plurality of ship docking rapid stabilizers linearly arranged along the dock shoreline. The ship docking rapid stabilizer includes a support frame, a guiding unit, a buffering unit, a floating box and a vacuum generating device. The support frame is fixedly placed on the dock shore. The floating box is borne by the support frame and can perform small-distance displacement movement in the up-and-down direction under the coordinated action of the guiding unit and the buffering unit. The vacuum generating device for adsorbing the ship side wall is assembled with the floating box. In this way, on the one hand, the time and cost required for ship berthing can be reduced; on the other hand, even affected by various adverse factors such as load changes, wind force, and surges, the ship after berthing and docking can still maintain good attitude stability; on the other hand, during the entire process of personnel and materials getting on and off the ship, the height difference between the ship deck and the dock shore can always be maintained within a reasonable value range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship mooring, and in particular to a ship rapid mooring and berthing system. Background Art

[0002] In view of the current industry situation, ships are usually fixed by cables after arriving at the designated wharf. Although this solution can achieve reliable limit of the ship, there are many disadvantages, specifically: 1) Large ships need to be fixed by a large number of thick cables with large outer diameters during berthing. Not only a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed during the mooring process, but the total time-consuming is long and the operation efficiency is low; 2) For the application scenarios of passenger ships, ro-ro passenger ships and ro-ro ships, when passengers, vehicles or goods are getting on and off the ship, if the ship is only fixed by cables, due to its relatively poor positioning ability and accuracy, and under the combined action of wind and wave surges, the ship will inevitably sway greatly, which will seriously pose a safety hazard to the process of passengers, vehicles and goods getting on and off the ship; 3) During the process of ship berthing, the ship or the wharf shoreline is extremely easy to be damaged due to strong impact; 4) The reliability of cable mooring is extremely poor, manifested in: during the process of passengers, vehicles and goods getting on and off the ship, the load-bearing capacity of the ship is in a changing state, and in addition, the water depth of the wharf berth will also change due to the influence of tides, the draft of the ship changes, and the tightened cable will slip, loosen or the cable winch braking fails due to the action of excessive tensile force, which will inevitably increase the height difference between the ship deck and the wharf shore, and ultimately affect the operation safety of the ship.

[0003] In recent years, multiple enterprises, scientific research institutions such as universities, etc. have given preliminary solutions to the above problems. For example, Chinese Utility Model Patent CN215801420U discloses a berthing and landing assistance device for small ships, including an L-shaped mounting plate. Mounting holes are provided on the surface of the L-shaped mounting plate. A first buffer mechanism is arranged on one side of the L-shaped mounting plate. The first buffer mechanism includes a first mounting cylinder fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped mounting plate. A first piston rod is arranged inside the first mounting cylinder. An internal spring is arranged inside the first mounting cylinder. The internal spring is arranged between the first piston rod and the bottom of the first mounting cylinder. One end of the first piston rod extends to the outside of the first mounting cylinder. A support plate is fixedly installed at the end of the first piston rod located outside the first mounting cylinder. A second mounting cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped mounting plate. A second piston rod is arranged inside the second mounting cylinder. An external spring is arranged inside the second mounting cylinder. The external spring is arranged between the second piston rod and the bottom of the second mounting cylinder. One end of the second piston rod extends to the outside of the second mounting cylinder. An inclined strut is hinged at the end of the second piston rod located outside the second mounting cylinder. The other end of the inclined strut is hinged to the support plate. When the ship needs to berth, the ship presses against the cushion block on the surface of the support plate, thereby driving the first piston rod to slide along the first mounting cylinder by the support plate. The first piston rod compresses the internal spring. At the same time, the inclined strut rotates along its hinge point, thereby driving the second piston rod to slide along the second mounting cylinder. The second piston rod compresses the external spring. The internal spring and the external spring generate elastic deformation under the action of force. Under the elastic action of the internal spring and the external spring, the ship is buffered to facilitate berthing. The above technical solution only solves problem 3 in the previous paragraph (i.e., the problem that the ship or the shoreline is damaged due to rigid collision), but the mooring operation still needs to be assisted by a cable, and problems 1, 2, and 4 have not been solved. Another example is Chinese Invention Patent CN113774860B, which discloses a ship berthing anti-collision and stabilizing device, including a first sliding table. Both ends of the first sliding table are fixed on the anchoring rod. A sliding table is arranged above the first sliding table. Both ends of the sliding table are connected to the anchoring rod through springs. A slider is fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom end of the sliding table through bolts. First linear guides are arranged on the left and right sides of the first sliding table. The sliding table is slidably connected to the first linear guides. A lead screw is arranged in the sliding table with clearance fit. Both ends of the lead screw are respectively rotatably connected to the front and rear ends of the sliding table through bearings. A dual-axis motor is axially connected to the middle of the lead screw. Translation seats are arranged on the upper left and right sides of the sliding table. A lead screw pair is fixedly installed at the middle position of the bottom end of the translation seat through bolts.When the ship docks at the shore, first the ship sails between two support frames. After the ship stabilizes, the double-shaft motor starts, driving two translation seats to move towards each other and approach both sides of the ship. Thus, the hull support members lean against both sides of the ship, and according to the inclination degree of the ship's side, the pneumatic springs are compressed to make the hull support members tilt and rotate, so that the hull support members completely lean against the ship's side. Rubber pads are pasted on the top ends of the hull support members, which can increase the friction between the hull support members and the ship's side, and at the same time prevent the hull support members from damaging the ship's hull. Although the technical solution can well solve problems 1, 2, 3, and 4 mentioned in the above paragraph, the construction difficulty and cost are extremely high, and the subsequent maintenance operation is extremely inconvenient. The reason lies in that the main structure of the anti-collision and stabilization device for ship berthing (the first sliding table, anchor rods, strengthening rods, etc., and part of the support frame is submerged) is submerged below the water surface, which affects the large-scale application and promotion of this technical solution. Especially in the scenario of large-tonnage cargo ships berthing at the port, its application prospect is even more dim. Therefore, it provides a new research direction for this research group. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above existing problems and defects, the research group of the present invention collected relevant materials, through multi-party evaluation and consideration, and through continuous experiments and modifications by the research group members, finally led to the emergence of the ship rapid berthing and docking system.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention relates to a ship rapid berthing and docking system for realizing the rapid berthing and docking of a ship relative to a dock, which is composed of a plurality of ship docking rapid stabilizers linearly arranged along the dock shoreline. The ship docking rapid stabilizer includes a support frame, a guiding unit, a buffering unit, a floating box, and a vacuum generating device. The support frame is placed and fixed on the dock shore. The floating box is borne by the support frame and can perform small-distance displacement movement in the up and down direction under the coordinated action of the guiding unit and the buffering unit. The vacuum generating device for adsorbing the ship's side wall is assembled with the floating box and performs synchronous displacement movement following the floating box.

[0006] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the vacuum generating device includes a vacuum generator, a hose, and an adsorption actuator. The vacuum generator is built in and fixed in the inner cavity of the floating box. The adsorption actuator is inserted on the outer side wall of the vacuum generator and is communicated with the vacuum generator through the hose. When the ship berths in place, the vacuum generator starts, and it continuously supplies negative pressure gas to the adsorption actuator through the hose, and the adsorption actuator realizes the adsorption of the ship's side wall under the action of the negative pressure effect.

[0007] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, along its length direction, the adsorption actuator is composed of a columnar insertion body and a disc-shaped adsorption head. An air passage that can simultaneously communicate with a vacuum generator and the disc-shaped adsorption head is provided in the columnar insertion body. An avoidance hole for the free passage of the columnar insertion body is formed on the outer side plate of the floating box. Near its free end, an annular limiting flange is formed on the outer side wall of the columnar insertion body. The ship docking quick stabilizer further includes an internal spring and an external spring. The internal spring is sleeved on the columnar insertion body, and is elastically compressed between the annular limiting flange and the inner side wall of the outer side plate of the floating box. The external spring is sleeved on the columnar insertion body, and is elastically compressed between the outer side wall of the outer side plate of the floating box and the disc-shaped adsorption head. When the ship is adsorbed by the adsorption actuator and during the process of moving axially towards / away from the dock, the columnar insertion body can freely perform axial displacement movement. During the process of the ship approaching the dock for berthing, the internal spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially stretched, and the external spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially compressed. When the ship drifts away from the dock, the elastic potential energy stored in the internal spring and the external spring is released and reset. And as the process of the drifting movement continues, the internal spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially compressed, and the external spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially stretched.

[0008] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, when the disc-shaped adsorption head is subjected to an external force, its posture can change adaptively.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the ship docking quick stabilizer further includes an anti-wear sleeve. The anti-wear sleeve is sleeved with the columnar insertion body and is embedded and fixed in the avoidance hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the support frame includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a connecting component. In the formal application state, the bottom plate is placed flat on the dock shore. The top plate is arranged parallel to the upper side of the bottom plate and is spaced by a set distance. The connecting component is composed of at least two upright columns that simultaneously abut against and connect the bottom plate and the top plate.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the support frame further includes an auxiliary strengthening member. The auxiliary strengthening member simultaneously realizes the connection between the bottom plate and the column or / and the connection between the top plate and the column by means of screws.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the guiding unit is a slide rail-slider assembly. The slide rail-slider assembly is composed of a slide rail and a slider. Among them, the slide rail is detachably fixed on the outer side wall of the column, and the slider is detachably fixed on the inner side wall of the floating box.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the buffer unit is composed of an upper buffer subunit and a lower buffer subunit. The upper buffer subunit is arranged between the top plate and the top wall of the floating box, while the lower buffer subunit is arranged between the bottom plate and the bottom wall of the floating box. When the ship finishes berthing and the floating box performs displacement movement in the up and down direction due to external forces, the upper buffer subunit or / and the lower buffer subunit stores elastic potential energy.

[0014] As a further improvement of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the upper buffer subunit is composed of multiple upright upper dampers or upper hydraulic column rods connected between the top plate and the top wall of the floating box. The lower buffer subunit is composed of multiple upright lower dampers or lower hydraulic column rods connected between the bottom plate and the bottom wall of the floating box.

[0015] When the ship enters the designated berth and during the subsequent berthing process, the hull gradually approaches each ship docking rapid stabilizer until berthing is completed. Subsequently, the vacuum generating device belonging to the ship docking rapid stabilizer is activated, and under the action of the negative pressure effect, it realizes the stable adsorption of the ship's side wall (the side against the shore). In practical implementation applications, the ship rapid berthing and docking system of the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial technical effects, specifically:

[0016] 1) On the premise of ensuring the stable mooring of the ship, the time, manpower, and material resources consumed for berthing have been significantly reduced;

[0017] 2) Even under the influence of various adverse factors such as load changes, wind, and surges, the ship after berthing can still maintain good attitude stability, with a very small sway amplitude, effectively reducing the safety risks during the process of passengers, vehicles, and goods getting on and off the ship;

[0018] 3) During the process of the ship berthing, it always remains separated from the dock shoreline. Therefore, the risk of damage to the ship or the dock shoreline due to strong impacts is eliminated from the source;

[0019] 4) After completing the berthing and docking operation, when the draft of the ship changes due to load or tide, the relative height position of the vacuum generating device can adaptively change. In this way, not only is it effectively ensured that the height difference between the ship's deck (in the berthing state) and the dock shore is always maintained within a reasonable value range, but also the phenomenon of the vacuum generating device being damaged by the impact force from the ship is effectively avoided, thus laying a good foundation for reducing the subsequent maintenance cost of the ship rapid berthing and docking system. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the application state of the ship rapid berthing system in the present invention (from a top-down perspective).

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged partial view of I.

[0023] Figure 3 It is also a schematic diagram of the application state of the ship rapid berthing system in the present invention (from a front view perspective).

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a perspective of the ship docking rapid stabilizer in the present invention (with the external spring hidden).

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another perspective of the ship docking rapid stabilizer in the present invention (with the external spring hidden).

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 4 the front view (with the external spring hidden).

[0027] Figure 7 It is also Figure 4 the front view (with the maintenance door hidden).

[0028] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support frame in the ship docking rapid stabilizer of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adsorption actuator in the ship docking rapid stabilizer of the present invention.

[0030] 1 - Ship docking quick stabilizer; 11 - Support frame; 111 - Bottom plate; 112 - Top plate; 113 - Connection component; 1131 - Column; 114 - Auxiliary reinforcement; 12 - Guide unit; 121 - Slide rail and slider assembly; 1211 - Slide rail; 1212 - Slider; 13 - Buffer unit; 131 - Upper buffer sub - unit; 1311 - Upper hydraulic cylinder rod; 132 - Lower buffer sub - unit; 1321 - Lower hydraulic cylinder rod; 14 - Floating box; 141 - Maintenance door; 15 - Vacuum generating device; 151 - Vacuum generator; 152 - Hose; 153 - Adsorption actuator; 1531 - Columnar insertion body; 15311 - Annular limit flange; 15312 - Air passage; 1532 - Disk - shaped adsorption head; 16 - Built - in spring; 17 - External spring; 18 - Wear - resistant sleeve. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0032] The following combines specific embodiments to further elaborate on the content disclosed in the present invention. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 Collectively show the application state schematic diagram of the ship rapid berthing and docking system in the present invention. It can be seen that the left side of the illustration represents the dock, and the right side represents the ship to be berthed. The ship rapid berthing and docking system is applied in coordination with the dock to assist in the rapid berthing and docking operation process of the ship. The ship rapid berthing and docking system is composed of a plurality of ship docking quick stabilizers 1 linearly arranged along the dock shoreline.

[0033] Such as Figure 4 、 5, as shown in FIGS. 6, the ship docking quick stabilizer 1 is mainly composed of a support frame 11, a guiding unit 12, a buffering unit 13, a floating box 14, a vacuum generating device 15, etc. Among them, the support frame 11 is placed and fixed on the dock shore. The floating box 14 is borne by the support frame 11 and can perform small-distance displacement movement in the up-and-down direction under the coordinated action of the guiding unit 12 and the buffering unit 13, and the displacement amplitude is controlled within 50 cm. The vacuum generating device 15 is used to adsorb the side wall of the ship. It is assembled with the floating box 14 and performs synchronous displacement movement following the floating box 14. The vacuum generating device 15 includes a vacuum generator 151, a hose 152, and an adsorption actuator 153. The vacuum generator 151 is an overall off-the-shelf component, and recommended models are VGA07LA-0606S-2-NV-B, SXMPi 30IMPQPCM12-5, etc. It is built-in and fixed in the inner cavity of the floating box 14. The adsorption actuator 153 is inserted on the outer side wall of the vacuum generator 151 and is connected to the vacuum generator 151 through the hose 152. When the ship is berthed in place and each adsorption actuator 153 is completely in contact with the side wall of the ship, the corresponding vacuum generator 151 is immediately started, and it continuously supplies negative pressure gas (the negative pressure value of the negative pressure gas is not less than 3 atmospheres) to the adsorption actuator 153 through the hose 152. The adsorption actuator 153 realizes stable adsorption of the side wall of the ship under the continuous action of the negative pressure effect.

[0034] In practical applications, when the ship enters the designated berth, during the subsequent berthing process, the hull gradually approaches each ship docking quick stabilizer 1 until the berthing is completed. Subsequently, each vacuum generator 151 is started sequentially or synchronously, and multiple adsorption actuators 153 cooperate to realize stable adsorption of the side wall of the ship (the side facing the shore) under the action of the negative pressure effect. In the specific operation process, the ship rapid berthing and docking system can obtain at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1) Through horizontal cooperation between schools and enterprises, COSCO Shipping Heavy Industry (Nantong) Co., Ltd. has equipped this ship rapid berthing and docking system at Pier No. 2 of its Qidong Base. After long-term performance monitoring, on the premise of ensuring the stable mooring of the ship, the total time consumed for berthing and the input of manpower and material resources have been greatly reduced. Specifically, starting from the ship's arrival at the berth relative to the berth, the total time of traditional mooring operation is generally 5-7 minutes, while the total time using this ship rapid berthing and docking system is controlled within 3 minutes;

[0036] 2) Multiple adsorption actuators 153 are continuously attached to the side wall of the ship under the negative pressure effect, so that the ship always maintains a good attitude certainty after docking. Even if it is affected by various adverse factors such as load changes, wind, surge, etc., the shaking amplitude of the ship is controlled within a reasonable range, ensuring that the safety risks of passengers, vehicles and cargoes getting on and off the ship are effectively reduced;

[0037] 3) During the berthing process and after the ship is moored, it is always separated from the dock shoreline, thus eliminating the risk of damage to the ship itself or the dock shoreline due to strong impact.

[0038] It should also be emphasized here that after completing the berthing operation, when the draft of the ship changes due to the influence of load or tide, the floating box 14 drives the vacuum generating device 15 to freely perform a small distance displacement movement along the height direction, and the relative height position of the vacuum generating device 15 can be adaptively changed. In this way, it can not only effectively ensure that the height difference between the ship deck (berthed state) and the dock shore is always maintained within a reasonable value range, but also effectively avoid the adsorption actuator 153 from being damaged due to the impact force from the ship, thereby laying a good foundation for reducing the subsequent maintenance cost of the ship's rapid berthing system.

[0039] In the first experiment, the adsorption actuator 153 was prone to problems, specifically: poor adsorption stability and extremely short service life, requiring a large amount of manpower and material resources to replace it. The reason is that after the ship arrives at the port, it will still sway slightly due to the impact of surges or wind, and the adsorption actuator 153 will inevitably be directly impacted. In view of this, as a further optimization of the structure of the above-mentioned ship rapid berthing system, Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 1 , along its length direction, the adsorption actuator 153 is composed of a columnar plug-in body 1531 and a disc-shaped adsorption head 1532. Figure 7 As shown in , an air passage 15312 is provided in the columnar plug-in body 1531, which can simultaneously communicate the vacuum generator 151 and the disc-shaped adsorption head 1532. An avoidance hole is provided on the outer plate of the floating box 14 for the columnar plug-in body 1531 to freely pass through. Near its free end, an annular limiting flange 15311 is formed on the outer wall of the columnar plug-in body 1531 to limit the telescopic limit position of the adsorption actuator 153. In this way, during the process of the ship docking, when the adsorption actuator 153 is subjected to the side force from the ship, it can freely perform a retraction movement, thereby improving the anti-bending moment capacity of the adsorption actuator 153, and thereby preventing as much as possible the adsorption actuator 153 itself from being damaged due to the excessive lateral force, or the occurrence of the adsorption actuator 153 lacking in stable mating due to the expansion of the avoidance hole.

[0040] During the process of the ship docking at the port, due to the influence of wind and waves, it is difficult for the ship's hull to be completely parallel to the quay line. As a result, it is inevitable that multiple adsorption execution members 153 are difficult to be in contact with the ship's hull at the same time, which will affect the actual effect of subsequent negative pressure adsorption. In view of this, as a further optimization of the above technical solution, as Figure 7 shown in [Figure], the ship docking quick stabilizer 1 is also provided with an internal spring 16 and an external spring 17. Among them, the internal spring 16 is sleeved on the columnar insertion body 1531, and it is elastically compressed between the annular limit flange 15311 and the inner side wall of the outer plate of the floating box 14. The external spring 17 is also sleeved on the columnar insertion body 1531, and it is elastically compressed between the outer side wall of the outer plate of the floating box 14 and the disc-shaped adsorption head 1532. In this way, in practical applications, when the ship is jointly adsorbed by multiple disc-shaped adsorption heads 1532 and it moves axially towards / away from the quay (the displacement amplitude of the disc-shaped adsorption head 1532 is controlled within 30 cm), the columnar insertion body 1531 can freely perform axial displacement movement. And during the process of the ship approaching the quay for berthing, the internal spring 16 stores elastic potential energy due to being axially stretched. At the same time, the external spring 17 stores elastic potential energy due to being axially compressed. And when the ship drifts away from the quay, the elastic potential energy stored in the internal spring 16 and the external spring 17 is released and reset. And as the drift movement process continues, the internal spring 16 stores elastic potential energy again due to being axially compressed. At the same time, the external spring 17 also stores elastic potential energy again due to being axially stretched.

[0041] During the process of the ship approaching the port for berthing, if there is a slight angle between the ship's hull and the quay line, some adsorption execution members 153 first come into contact with the ship's hull and perform an adaptive retraction action due to the force. At the same time, the supporting internal spring 16 and external spring 17 also deform axially along it until the remaining adsorption execution members 153 also complete the contact action with the ship's hull. In short, during the process of the ship docking, the retraction amounts of the adsorption execution members 153 are slightly different due to their different relative positions.

[0042] It should be noted that the reference to "[Figure]" in the translation of needs to be replaced with the actual figure number in the original text for accurate expression.It should also be noted that, in addition to the above beneficial technical effects, through actual experimental verification, the above improvements have also achieved the following beneficial technical effects, specifically: on the one hand, the built-in spring 16 and the external spring 17 have the function of buffering the impact potential energy, which can greatly reduce the rigid impact energy caused by the disc-shaped adsorption head 1532 and the annular limiting flange 15311 of the columnar insertion body 1531 on the outer wall of the floating box 14 during the axial displacement movement process, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of local deformation of the outer wall of the floating box 14 due to the action of local over-limit impact force. Moreover, when the adsorption actuator 153 is subjected to a lateral force, the built-in spring 16 and the external spring 17 can offset part of the lateral bending moment, thereby ensuring that the columnar insertion body 1531 always maintains good insertion accuracy relative to the avoidance hole in the long term.

[0043] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the disc-shaped adsorption head 1532 can preferably be made of weather-resistant rubber to ensure that when it is subjected to an external force, its posture can change adaptively, thereby ensuring that it can stably contact the hull and subsequent good negative pressure adsorption performance.

[0044] Moreover, it can also be clearly seen from Figure 4 , 8 that an anti-wear sleeve 18 is also embedded in the avoidance hole. The columnar insertion body 1531 is inserted through the anti-wear sleeve 18. In this way, it can effectively avoid the wear of the avoidance hole due to the frictional force from the columnar insertion body 1531, and ensure that the columnar insertion body 1531 always maintains good insertion accuracy and posture correctness relative to the floating box within a relatively long period of time.

[0045] It is known that, according to design common sense, the support frame 11 can adopt various design structures to achieve reliable support for the floating box 14. However, a design scheme with a simple structure, relatively low manufacturing cost, and excellent structural stability is recommended here, specifically: as Figure 8 shown, the support frame 11 is preferably a frame-type welded structure, which mainly consists of a bottom plate 111, a top plate 112, and a connecting component 113, etc. In the formal application state, the bottom plate 111 is placed flat on the dock shore. The top plate 112 is arranged parallel to the upper side of the bottom plate 111 and is set at a certain distance apart. The connecting component 113 is composed of two upright columns 1131 that simultaneously abut against and connect the bottom plate 111 and the top plate 112.

[0046] Considering further enhancing the structural strength of the support frame 11 to improve its ability to resist lateral bending moment, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, the support frame 11 is further provided with auxiliary strengthening members 114. The auxiliary strengthening members 114 are preferably arc-shaped plates, and the number thereof is set to 4, and all of them are connected to the bottom plate 111 and the column 1131 and the top plate 112 and the column 1131 by screws at the same time.

[0047] As a preferred form of one of the structures, in this embodiment, the guiding unit 12 realizes its functions by means of a slide rail-slider assembly 121. The slide rail-slider assembly 121 is composed of a slide rail 1211 and a slider 1212. Among them, the slide rail 1211 is detachably fixed to the outer side wall of the column 1131, and the slider 1212 is detachably fixed to the inner side wall of the floating box 14. In this way, when the ship sways up and down due to the action of wind or waves, the slider 1212 always slides along the slide rail 1211, which helps to ensure that the floating box 14 always maintains the correct attitude and relative position during the up and down displacement movement.

[0048] As shown in the appendix Figures 4-7 As shown in the figure, as a preferred form of one of the structures, the buffer unit 13 is composed of an upper buffer sub-unit 131 and a lower buffer sub-unit 132. Among them, the upper buffer sub-unit 131 is arranged between the top plate 112 and the top wall of the floating box 14, and the lower buffer sub-unit 132 is arranged between the bottom plate 111 and the bottom wall of the floating box 14. The upper buffer sub-unit 131 is composed of a plurality of upright upper hydraulic column rods 1311 connected between the top plate 112 and the top wall of the floating box 14. The lower buffer sub-unit 132 is composed of a plurality of upright lower hydraulic column rods 1321 connected between the bottom plate 111 and the bottom wall of the floating box 14. In this way, when the ship finishes berthing and the floating box 14 moves upward due to external forces, the upper hydraulic column rods 1311 are compressed to store elastic potential energy. At the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the lower hydraulic column rods 1321 is released. When the ship finishes berthing and the floating box 14 moves downward due to external forces, the lower hydraulic column rods 1321 are compressed to store elastic potential energy. At the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the upper hydraulic column rods 1311 is released.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that in addition to the above-mentioned upper hydraulic column rods 1311 and lower hydraulic column rods 1321, the buffer unit 13 can also control the displacement process of the floating box 14 by means of dampers. Taking a hydraulic damper as an example, it is a speed control device that can provide resistance to motion and dissipate motion energy, and has extremely high speed response sensitivity.

[0050] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to practice or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A ship fast docking and berthing system for realizing the fast berthing and docking of a ship relative to a dock, which is composed of a plurality of ship docking fast stabilizers linearly arranged along the dock shoreline, and is characterized in that The ship docking quick stabilizer includes a support frame, a guiding unit, a buffering unit, a floating box, and a vacuum generating device; the support frame is placed and fixed on the dock shore; the floating box is borne by the support frame and can perform small-distance displacement movement in the vertical direction under the combined action of the guiding unit and the buffering unit; the vacuum generating device for adsorbing the ship sidewall is assembled with the floating box and performs synchronous displacement movement following the floating box; the vacuum generating device includes a vacuum generator, a hose, and an adsorption actuator; the vacuum generator is built in and fixed in the inner cavity of the floating box; the adsorption actuator is inserted on the outer sidewall of the vacuum generator and is communicated with the vacuum generator through the hose; when the ship berths in place, the vacuum generator starts, and it continuously supplies negative pressure gas to the adsorption actuator through the hose, and the adsorption actuator adsorbs the ship sidewall under the action of the negative pressure effect. Along its length direction, the adsorption actuator is composed of a columnar insertion body and a disc-shaped adsorption head; an air passage that can communicate the vacuum generator and the disc-shaped adsorption head at the same time is provided in the columnar insertion body; an avoidance hole for the free passage of the columnar insertion body is opened on the outer side plate of the floating box; near its free end, an annular limiting flange is formed on the outer sidewall of the columnar insertion body; the ship docking quick stabilizer further includes an internal spring and an external spring; the internal spring is sleeved on the columnar insertion body and is elastically compressed between the annular limiting flange and the inner sidewall of the outer side plate of the floating box; the external spring is sleeved on the columnar insertion body and is elastically compressed between the outer sidewall of the outer side plate of the floating box and the disc-shaped adsorption head; when the ship is adsorbed by the adsorption actuator and during its displacement movement towards / away from the dock, the columnar insertion body can freely perform axial displacement movement; during the process of the ship approaching the dock for berthing movement, the internal spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially stretched, and the external spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially compressed, while during the process of the ship drifting away from the dock, the elastic potential energy stored in the internal spring and the external spring is released and reset, and as the drifting movement process continues, the internal spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially compressed, and the external spring stores elastic potential energy due to being axially stretched.

2. The ship rapid berthing system according to claim 1, wherein When the disc-shaped adsorption head is acted upon by an external force, its posture can change adaptively.

3. The ship rapid berthing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship docking quick stabilizer further includes an anti-wear sleeve; the anti-wear sleeve is sleeved on the columnar insertion body and is embedded and fixed in the avoidance hole.

4. The ship rapid berthing system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The support frame includes a bottom plate, a top plate, and a connecting component; in the formal application state, the bottom plate lies flat on the dock shore; the top plate is arranged parallel to the upper side of the bottom plate and is spaced at a set distance; the connecting component is composed of at least two upright columns that simultaneously abut against and connect the bottom plate and the top plate.

5. The ship rapid berthing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support frame further includes an auxiliary reinforcement member; the auxiliary reinforcement member uses screws to simultaneously establish the connection between the bottom plate and the column and / or the connection between the top plate and the column.

6. The ship rapid berthing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guiding unit is a slide rail and slider assembly; the slide rail and slider assembly consists of a slide rail and a slider; wherein, the slide rail is detachably fixed on the outer side wall of the column, and the slider is detachably fixed on the inner side wall of the floating box.

7. The ship fast berthing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffering unit is composed of an upper buffering sub-unit and a lower buffering sub-unit; the upper buffering sub-unit is arranged between the top plate and the top wall of the floating box, and the lower buffering sub-unit is arranged between the bottom plate and the bottom wall of the floating box; when the ship finishes berthing and the floating box performs displacement movement in the vertical direction due to external force, the upper buffering sub-unit and / or the lower buffering sub-unit stores elastic potential energy.

8. The ship rapid berthing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper buffering sub-unit is composed of multiple upright upper damping devices or upper hydraulic column bars connected between the top plate and the top wall of the floating box; the lower buffering sub-unit is composed of multiple upright lower damping devices or lower hydraulic column bars connected between the bottom plate and the bottom wall of the floating box.

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