A mining and filling system and method based on in-situ separation of coal gangue underground

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on coal gangue in-situ sorting of mining filling system and method, including coal gangue sorting processing system, belt conveying system and supporting system, coal gangue sorting processing system is used to set in the sorting roadway of lateral extension in underground, sorting roadway is communicated with front end working face by coal conveying roadway, gangue roadway;Belt conveying system includes belt coal conveying mechanism and belt gangue mechanism, belt coal conveying mechanism is located inside coal conveying roadway, for the coal gangue generated in coal mining operation is transported to coal gangue sorting processing system place and is sorted in-situ, belt gangue mechanism is located inside gangue roadway, for the gangue in gangue bin is transported to working face goaf;Supporting system is located at the front side of filling area and is arranged along working face, including multiple sets of parallel arrangement of hydraulic support and multiple sets of parallel arrangement of filling support.The present application is fully optimized by partial area filling, mixed support system, in-situ sorting sorting step, realizes efficient mining filling, and improves coal mining efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining and filling, more particularly to a mining and filling system and method based on in-situ separation of underground coal gangue. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, most of the coal mines in China are longwall mining, and a large amount of coal gangue generated by coal mining is often discharged to the ground and piled up into a mountain, polluting the environment and affecting the ecology of the mining area. As an effective means of actively protecting the ecology of the mine, the filling mining technology can solve the problem of gangue accumulation in the mining area and has good economic and ecological benefits. In the current filling operation, the coal gangue is separated by a ground coal washing plant, and then the gangue is sent to the goaf through vertical feeding or return gangue inclined shaft and conveying equipment. The main and auxiliary shafts have a large lifting pressure during the lifting of the coal gangue. The coal gangue is screened on the ground, and then returned to the underground through the feeding shaft and conveying equipment. The process is complicated. During the gangue filling process, the filling operation is usually carried out after the coal cutting by the coal mining machine is completed, the hydraulic support is lowered and moved, and the pushing is completed. The coal mining machine cannot carry out coal mining operation during the filling operation, and the coal mining and filling work cannot be carried out in parallel. It takes 3-4 hours to fill one coal mining step, which seriously affects the improvement of coal mining efficiency and the production benefit of the entire mining area, especially for longwall large mining height working face coal mines. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mining and filling system based on in-situ separation of underground coal gangue, which can solve the technical problems of large lifting pressure, complicated process and low coal mining efficiency in the current mining and filling operation.

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of underground coal gangue, which can solve the technical problems of large lifting pressure, complicated process and low coal mining efficiency in the current mining and filling operation.

[0005] The present application provides the following technical scheme: a mining and filling system based on in-situ separation of underground coal gangue, comprising a coal gangue separation and treatment system, a belt conveying system and a support system. The coal gangue separation and treatment system is arranged in a separation roadway extending transversely underground, and the separation roadway is communicated with the front end working face through a coal conveying roadway and a gangue return roadway. The coal gangue separation and treatment system comprises a roller screen, an underground separator, a crushing mechanism, a gangue bin and a coal bin. The roller screen is used for screening large block coal gangue and crushed coal. The large block coal gangue enters the underground separator for separation. The large coal blocks separated by the underground separator and the crushed coal separated by the roller screen are sent to the coal bin. The large gangue blocks separated by the underground separator are crushed by the crushing mechanism and stored in the gangue bin.

[0006] The belt conveying system comprises a belt coal conveying mechanism and a belt gangue returning mechanism, the belt coal conveying mechanism is located inside the coal conveying roadway and is used for conveying the coal and gangue generated in the coal mining operation to the coal and gangue sorting and processing system for on-site sorting, and the belt gangue returning mechanism is located inside the gangue returning roadway and is used for conveying the gangue in the gangue bin to the goaf of the working face; the support system is located at the front side of the filling area and is arranged along the working face, comprises a plurality of sets of hydraulically supported supports arranged in parallel and a plurality of sets of filling supports arranged in parallel, the filling support comprises a main support body, a gangue blocking mechanism and a conveying connecting structure, the main support body comprises a base, a top beam, a jack column connected between the base and the top beam, the conveying connecting structure is located at the lower side of the rear end of the top beam and is used for being connected with the belt gangue returning mechanism, and the gangue blocking mechanism is located at the rear end of the base and comprises a telescopic gangue blocking assembly and a telescopic oil cylinder, the telescopic gangue blocking assembly comprises a gangue blocking seat and a gangue blocking plate in sliding and telescopic cooperation with the gangue blocking seat, and the telescopic oil cylinder is located inside the gangue blocking seat and is used for driving the gangue blocking plate to extend upwards / shrink downwards, so as to prevent the gangue in the filling area from overflowing.

[0007] Further, the lower end of the telescopic gangue blocking assembly is hinged to the rear end of the base, and an adjusting support oil cylinder is connected between the telescopic gangue blocking assembly and the base.

[0008] Further, the coal and gangue sorting and processing system further comprises a vibrating distributor, and the vibrating distributor is located between the roller screen and the underground sorting machine.

[0009] Further, the underground sorting machine is a TDS intelligent dry sorting machine, and a dust remover is arranged at the TDS intelligent dry sorting machine.

[0010] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: in the implementation process of the present application, raw coal is sorted in the underground sorting roadway instead of being lifted to the ground for sorting, thereby avoiding the problem of large lifting pressure of coal and gangue in the original process, reducing energy consumption, and simplifying the filling operation process; the coal and gangue sorting system is reasonably distributed and selected, first, the crushed coal is screened out through the drum screen, then the large gangue and large coal are separated by the underground sorting machine, the large gangue is crushed by the crushing mechanism and stored in the gangue bin, the above process separates the gangue and coal as completely as possible, increases the clean coal output, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency; the support system is composed of filling supports and hydraulic supports, only part of the working face needs to be filled during the filling process, thereby improving the filling efficiency, the filling supports and the hydraulic supports independently act on each other, the coal cutting process can realize simultaneous parallel operation of coal mining and filling, the overall coal mining efficiency is improved, efficient gangue returning and coal mining are realized, the gangue blocking mechanism is arranged at the rear of the filling support, which can replace the ramming mechanism to realize rapid gangue returning and backfilling; the adjusting support oil cylinder can be used for adjusting the support telescopic gangue blocking assembly, thereby improving the use flexibility and facilitating the force application to the filled gangue; the vibration distributor uniformly distributes the large gangue and coal blocks, thereby avoiding the influence of the coal and gangue accumulation on the separation effect; the TDS intelligent dry separator separates the coal and gangue by dry separation, does not need to use water for wet separation, has a wide application environment, avoids waste of water resources, does not produce coal slime, and can improve the lump coal yield; the dust remover is used in cooperation with the TDS intelligent dry separator, thereby avoiding the influence of a large amount of dust generated in the dry separation process on the underground environment and personnel safety.

[0011] The present application also provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A mining and filling method based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1: A point is a point on the front end of the support system on the side of the gangue returning roadway, C point is a point on the front end of the support system on the side of the coal conveying roadway, B point is a point on the front side of the intersection of the filling support and the hydraulic support, the coal winning machine moves from A point to B point to cut coal, the coal and gangue sorting system and the belt coal conveying mechanism are opened during the coal cutting process, the small gangue generated by the separation and crushing of the large coal and gangue is stored in the gangue bin, and the filling support moves forward with the coal cutting operation of the coal winning machine and supports in time;

[0014] S2: the coal winning machine moves from B point to a position with a set distance in front of B point, the hydraulic support moves forward with the coal cutting operation of the coal winning machine and supports in time, the belt gangue returning mechanism is opened, the gangue is filled into the goaf behind the filling support through the belt gangue returning mechanism, and the gangue blocking mechanism is controlled to make the gangue blocking plate extend with the filling process;

[0015] S3: the coal winning machine moves from the position with a set distance in front of B point to C point to normally cut coal, and then cuts back from C point to B point, during the process, the coal mining operation and the gangue filling operation work separately and independently, the hydraulic support moves in time to support the cut area;

[0016] S4: When the coal mining machine cuts back to point B, the belt conveyor for backfilling is shut off to stop the backfilling operation. The coal mining machine continues to cut back from point B to point A. The backfilling support moves forward with the coal mining machine during the coal cutting operation and provides timely support to complete one mining and backfilling cycle.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, when opening the belt return mechanism, the equipment is opened sequentially from back to front in the sequence of conveying gangue.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, when shutting down the belt return mechanism, the equipment is shut down sequentially from front to back in the gangue conveying sequence.

[0019] Furthermore, the distance is set to 20m in S2 and S3.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the mining and backfilling method has reasonable steps and high backfilling efficiency; it divides the coal mining process into multiple stages, in which backfilling and coal mining operations do not interfere with each other and are independent of each other, realizing simultaneous coal mining and backfilling, and achieving efficient gangue return and coal mining; after the coal mining machine travels to the advanced point B and a set distance, the belt gangue return mechanism is started to ensure that all backfilling supports are moved and supported during the backfilling operation; coal and gangue separation is carried out on-site underground, simplifying the backfilling operation process and solving the problem of high lifting pressure; the belt gangue return mechanism is opened and closed in a predetermined sequence to prevent the equipment from being blocked by gangue when starting up or to leave gangue when shutting down. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention, showing the underground layout under operating conditions of a coal and gangue sorting system in situ.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the equipment at point DD;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filling support in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is a mining and filling system based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram of the construction process of a mining and filling method based on in-situ sorting of coal and gangue in underground mines, according to the present invention.

[0025] Reference signs: 1-sorting lane; 2-coal conveying lane; 3-gob conveying lane; 4-filling support; 5-hydraulic support; 6-filling area; 7-coal wall; 8-interlane rock pillar; 9-coal bin; 10-gob bin; 11-belt coal conveying mechanism; 12-belt gob conveying mechanism; 13-roller screen; 14-vibrating distributor; 15-TDS intelligent dry separator; 16-dust remover; 17-crushing mechanism; 18-gob bin scraper conveyor; 19-coal feeder; 20-top beam; 21-base; 22-jack column; 23-gob blocking seat; 24-gob blocking plate; 25-telescopic oil cylinder; 26-adjusting support oil cylinder; 27-transportation connecting structure; 28-support rear scraper conveyor. Embodiment

[0026] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] A specific embodiment 1 of the mining and filling system based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue of the application:

[0028] As shown in Figure 1 , the mining and filling system based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue includes a coal and gangue sorting and processing system, a belt conveying system and a support system. A sorting lane 1 extending in the transverse direction and a coal conveying lane 2 and a gob conveying lane 3 connecting the sorting lane 1 and a front end working face are arranged underground. The coal conveying lane 2 and the gob conveying lane 3 are respectively connected with both ends of the sorting lane. A coal wall 7 and an interlane rock pillar 8 are arranged between the front end working face and the sorting lane 1.

[0029] The coal and gangue sorting and processing system is used for sorting and crushing the coal and gangue generated in the coal mining process. The coal and gangue sorting and processing system is arranged inside the sorting lane 1. As shown in Figure 2 , the coal and gangue sorting and processing system includes a roller screen 13, a vibrating distributor 14, a TDS intelligent dry separator 15, a crushing mechanism 17, a coal bin 9 and a gob bin 10. The coal and gangue is separated from the crushed coal by the roller screen 13. The crushed coal falls into the coal bin 9 below the roller screen 13. The remaining large pieces of coal and gangue are fed to the TDS intelligent dry separator 15 by the vibrating distributor 14. The vibrating distributor 14 is located between the TDS intelligent dry separator and the roller screen 13 and has a material leveling function. The separated material is leveled and fed into the TDS intelligent dry separator 15 for sorting. The TDS intelligent dry separator 15 is used as an underground sorting machine. The large pieces of coal and gangue are separated by dry sorting. The large pieces of coal are conveyed to the coal bin 9 by the belt conveyor for collection. The coal feeder 19 is arranged at the outlet of the coal bin 9 to convey the coal outward. The large pieces of gangue are sent to the crushing mechanism 17 for processing. The small pieces of gangue generated by crushing are stored in the gob bin 10 for standby use. In this embodiment, the coal and gangue separation is achieved by dry sorting, which has the advantages of saving water resources and high yield of lump coal. In order to improve the underground environment, the dust remover 16 is arranged at the TDS intelligent dry separator 15. In other embodiments, the underground sorting machine can also use wet sorting equipment.

[0030] The belt transportation system comprises a belt coal-transporting mechanism 11 and a belt gangue-transporting mechanism 12. The belt coal-transporting mechanism 11 is located inside the coal-transporting roadway 2 and can transport the coal and gangue generated by the working face coal mining machine to the roller screen 13 in the coal and gangue sorting and processing system. The belt gangue-transporting mechanism 12 is located inside the gangue-transporting roadway 3 and can transport the gangue in the gangue bin to the working face goaf, and fill the gangue to form the filling area 6. The belt gangue-transporting mechanism 12 comprises, from front to back in the gangue-transporting direction, a gangue bin scraper conveyor 18, a gangue belt conveyor, and a filling support rear scraper conveyor 28. The gangue bin scraper conveyor 18 is used to transfer the gangue in the gangue bin to the gangue belt conveyor. The filling support rear scraper conveyor 28 is located at the filling area 6.

[0031] The support mechanism is located at the front side of the filling area and the rear side of the coal mining machine, and is arranged along the working face. The support mechanism can move with the coal cutting operation of the coal mining machine to provide timely support. The support mechanism comprises two types of supports: a hydraulic support 5 and a filling support 4. The hydraulic support 5 is similar in structure to the common hydraulic support in the prior art and mainly plays a supporting role. A plurality of hydraulic supports 5 and filling supports 4 are provided, and supports of the same type are arranged together. Figure 3 As shown in the filling support structure,

[0032] Based on the above mining and filling system based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue, the present application provides a mining and filling method based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue. However, the method is not limited to the above mining and filling system based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue:

[0033] As shown in the filling support structure, Figure 4 The mining and filling method based on in-situ sorting of underground coal and gangue comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1: A point is the point of the front end of the support system located on the side of the gangue return roadway, C point is the point of the front end of the support system located on the side of the coal conveying roadway, B point is the point located on the front side of the junction of the filling support and the hydraulic support, the coal winning machine moves from A point to B point to cut coal, the coal and gangue sorting and processing system and the belt coal conveying mechanism are opened during the cutting process, the large gangue is stored in the gangue warehouse after being separated and crushed into small pieces, and the filling support moves forward with the coal winning machine cutting operation and timely supports.

[0035] S2: the coal winning machine moves from B point to the position 20m ahead of B point, the hydraulic support moves forward with the coal winning machine cutting operation and timely supports, the belt gangue return mechanism is opened in the order of the rear scraper conveyor of the filling support, the gangue belt conveyor and the gangue warehouse scraper conveyor, the gangue is filled into the goaf behind the filling support through the belt gangue return mechanism, and the gangue blocking mechanism is controlled to make the gangue blocking plate extend with the filling process.

[0036] S3: the coal winning machine moves from the position 20m ahead of B point to C point to cut coal normally, and then cuts back from C point to B point, during the process, the coal winning operation and the gangue filling operation work respectively and independently, the hydraulic support timely moves to support the cut area.

[0037] S4: when the coal winning machine cuts back to B point, the belt gangue return mechanism is closed in the order of the gangue warehouse scraper conveyor, the gangue belt conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor of the filling support to stop the filling operation, the coal winning machine continues to cut back from B point to A point, the filling support moves forward with the coal winning machine cutting operation and timely supports, and one cycle of mining and filling is completed.

[0038] During the use of the present application, raw coal does not need to be lifted to the ground, but is sorted and processed in the sorting roadway in the underground, thereby reducing operation steps, reducing lifting pressure and reducing operation energy consumption. The coal and gangue is subjected to coal crushing and screening, vibration distribution, coal and gangue separation and crushing treatment in the coal and gangue sorting and processing system in turn, the process is reasonable, the separation is complete, and the coal yield is high. The support system is composed of two supports, only part of the area needs to be filled in the working face, the filling efficiency is high, the coal winning and filling operations are parallel during the process and do not interfere with each other, the filling efficiency and the coal winning efficiency are effectively improved, efficient gangue return and coal winning are realized, the process is reasonably divided into multiple stages during the mining and filling, the gangue is filled on the basis of ensuring the stability of the support, the operation efficiency is high, and the reliability is good.

[0039] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, any technical scheme falling within the idea of the present application belongs to the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary technical personnel in the technical field, some improvements and decorations without departing from the principle of the present application should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of coal and gangue underground, characterized in that, in A mining and filling system based on in-situ coal and gangue sorting in underground mines is implemented. The mining and filling system includes a coal and gangue sorting and processing system, a belt conveyor system, and a support system. The coal and gangue sorting and processing system is installed in a sorting roadway extending laterally underground. The sorting roadway is connected to the front working face through a coal transport roadway and a gangue return roadway. The coal and gangue sorting and processing system includes a roller screen, an underground sorting machine, a crushing mechanism, a gangue bin, and a coal bin. The roller screen is used to screen large pieces of coal and gangue and crushed coal. Large pieces of coal and gangue enter the underground sorting machine for separation. The large pieces of coal separated by the underground sorting machine and the crushed coal separated by the roller screen are sent to the coal bin. The large pieces of gangue separated by the underground sorting machine are crushed by the crushing mechanism and stored in the gangue bin. The belt conveyor system includes a coal conveyor and a gangue return mechanism. The coal conveyor is located inside the coal conveying roadway and is used to transport coal and gangue generated during coal mining operations to the coal and gangue sorting and processing system for on-site sorting. The gangue return mechanism is located inside the gangue return roadway and is used to transport gangue from the gangue bin to the goaf area of ​​the working face. The support system is located in front of the backfilling area and arranged along the working face, including multiple hydraulic supports arranged side by side and multiple backfilling supports arranged side by side. The backfilling supports include a main frame and a gangue retaining wall. The mechanism and transportation connection structure, the main frame includes a base, a top beam, and a jack column connecting the base and the top beam. The transportation connection structure is located on the lower side of the rear end of the top beam and is used to connect with the belt-driven waste rock return mechanism. The waste rock blocking mechanism is located at the rear end of the base and includes a retractable waste rock blocking assembly and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The retractable waste rock blocking assembly includes a waste rock blocking seat and a waste rock blocking plate that slides and telescopically engages with the waste rock blocking seat. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder is located inside the waste rock blocking seat and is used to drive the waste rock blocking plate to extend upwards / retract downwards to prevent waste rock from overflowing from the filling area. Includes the following steps: S1: Point A is the point where the front end of the support system is located on one side of the return roadway; Point C is the point where the front end of the support system is located on one side of the coal conveying roadway; Point B is the point located in front of the junction of the filling support and the hydraulic support. The coal mining machine moves from point A to point B to cut coal. During the coal cutting process, the coal and gangue sorting and processing system and the belt conveyor are opened. The small pieces of gangue generated by the separation and crushing of large pieces of coal and gangue are stored inside the gangue bin. The filling support moves forward with the coal mining machine during the coal cutting operation and provides timely support. S2: The coal mining machine moves from point B to a predetermined distance ahead of point B. The hydraulic support moves forward with the coal mining machine during the coal cutting operation and provides timely support. The belt return mechanism is opened in sequence according to the order of the scraper conveyor behind the filling support, the gangue belt conveyor, and the gangue bin scraper conveyor. Gangue is filled into the goaf area behind the filling support through the belt return mechanism. The gangue blocking mechanism is controlled to make the gangue blocking plate extend along with the filling process. S3: The coal mining machine moves from the pre-set distance at point B to point C for normal coal cutting, and then cuts back from point C to point B. During this process, the coal mining operation and the gangue filling operation work separately and independently. The hydraulic support moves in time to support the cut area. S4: When the coal mining machine cuts back to point B, the belt conveyor for returning gangue is shut down in sequence according to the order of the scraper conveyor of the gangue bin, the gangue belt conveyor, and the scraper conveyor behind the filling support to stop the filling operation. The coal mining machine continues to cut back from point B to point A. The filling support moves forward with the coal mining machine during the coal cutting operation and provides timely support to complete one mining and filling cycle.

2. The mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of underground coal and gangue as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the retractable rock-blocking assembly is hinged to the rear end of the base, and an adjustable support cylinder connects the retractable rock-blocking assembly and the base.

3. A mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of underground coal and gangue as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coal gangue sorting and processing system also includes a vibrating feeder, which is located between the roller screen and the underground sorting machine.

4. A mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of underground coal and gangue as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The downhole separator is a TDS intelligent dry separator, and a dust collector is installed at the TDS intelligent dry separator.

5. A mining and filling method based on in-situ separation of underground coal and gangue as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Its characteristics are, The distance set in S2 and S3 is 20m.

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