A resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, which includes a housing box, a seismic plate, a displacement amplification device, a friction energy dissipation device and a driving reset device. The friction energy dissipation device includes a friction block, a slider, a slider rod, a second spring and a third spring. The second spring provides the friction pressure of the slider, and the third spring provides the restoring force. The displacement amplification device includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a cam and three parallel rotating shafts. The driving reset device includes a transmission rod assembly and a compound ratchet. After the energy dissipation is completed, the detent pawl does not prevent the ratchet from rotating, and the rack rod returns to the initial position under the restoring force of the spring. The present invention increases the working path of the slider through the cooperation of gears with different sizes, thereby reducing the displacement of the seismic plate to achieve displacement amplification and energy dissipation, converting the wave energy of blasting into heat energy, reducing the large-area vibration of the rock mass during the blasting process, and improving the blasting construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil blasting, and in particular to a resettable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device. Background Art

[0002] Rock and soil blasting technology can realize rapid excavation of earth and stone and improve the efficiency of engineering construction. Therefore, it is increasingly used in production and construction. At present, rock and soil blasting mainly uses the shock wave generated by the explosion of explosives to do work on the rock and soil medium, while the other part of the elastic wave is transmitted and diffused through the ground, causing serious interference to the residents around the construction site; the amount of explosives required for rock and soil blasting under large-scale site leveling engineering conditions is large, the elastic wave vibration has a large impact range, and the vibration force decays slowly. Therefore, designing a self-adjusting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device that can be realized in the site leveling blasting construction process is of great significance to improving the efficiency of rock and soil blasting construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a resettable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, which can consume the energy of blasting by increasing the distance of friction work during the blasting process, reduce the large-area vibration propagation of elastic waves during the blasting process, avoid the adverse effects of construction on the normal lives of residents, and improve the efficiency of blasting construction.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a resettable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, comprising a housing box, an anti-seismic plate, a displacement amplification device, a friction energy dissipation device and a driving reset device; the anti-seismic plate is arranged at one end of the outer side of the housing box, and is connected to the end plate of the housing box through a plurality of first springs; the displacement amplification device comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft rotatably installed in the housing box, two first gears are installed on the first rotating shaft, two second gears and two third gears are installed on the second rotating shaft, the two second gears are respectively meshed with the two first gears, and two fourth gears are installed on the third rotating shaft, and the two fourth gears are respectively connected to the first gears through chains. Two third gears are connected in transmission, and a cam is respectively sleeved and fixed at both ends of the third rotating shaft; four friction energy dissipation devices are provided, and the four friction energy dissipation devices are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the housing box; the driving reset device includes a transmission rod assembly and a compound ratchet, and the transmission rod assembly includes a rack rod, a fourth spring and a rack rod cylinder, and the rack rod is movably arranged through the end plate of the housing box, one end of the rack rod is connected to the anti-seismic plate, and the other end is connected to the fourth spring, and the fourth spring is installed in the rack rod cylinder, and the rack rod cylinder is connected to the housing box; the compound ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft and meshes with the tooth portion A of the rack rod.

[0005] Further, the four friction energy dissipation devices are arranged in a pairwise symmetric manner. Each friction energy dissipation device includes a slider rod, a slider, a second spring, a third spring, and two friction blocks. The two friction blocks are symmetrically arranged up and down. The slider is arranged between the two friction blocks. The upper and lower surfaces of the slider are respectively slidably connected to the two friction blocks. The second spring is at least one vertically arranged at the bottom of the two friction blocks, and the at least one second spring is used to provide frictional pressure for the slider. The third spring is horizontally arranged between the slider and the corresponding end plate of the housing box, and the third spring is used to provide a restoring force so that the slider can reciprocally frictionally do work under the driving force of the cam to dissipate the blasting energy. One ends of the two slider rods on the same side inside the housing box are respectively connected to the corresponding sliders, and the other ends are movably abutted against the corresponding cams. The slider rod is kept moving back and forth in the horizontal direction through a limiting ring.

[0006] Further, a spring cushion block is arranged at the bottom of each friction energy dissipation device. A lateral support plate is arranged between each friction energy dissipation device and the end plate of the housing box. One end of the upper friction block in the upper and lower parts of the two friction blocks is connected to the lateral support plate, and the lower friction block is connected to the spring cushion block through the at least one second spring, and the lower friction block can move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0007] Further, the lower surface of the upper friction block, the upper surface of the lower friction block, and the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are all provided with a certain slope.

[0008] Further, the composite ratchet includes a ratchet shaft and a ratchet tooth ring. The ratchet tooth ring is sleeved on the ratchet shaft with a gap. A tooth portion B for meshing with the tooth portion A of the rack rod is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring. Ratchet teeth are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring. The ratchet shaft is sleeved on the first rotating shaft. At least one stop claw and at least one fifth spring are arranged at one end of the ratchet shaft. The at least one stop claw is hinged to the ratchet shaft through a stop screw. One end of the at least one fifth spring is connected to the ratchet shaft, and the other end is connected to the stop claw. The stop claw can extend into the ratchet tooth groove under the action of the fifth spring.

[0009] Further, a first support assembly, a second support assembly, and a third support assembly are sequentially arranged in the housing box from the end close to the seismic-resistant plate to the end far from the seismic-resistant plate. Each support assembly includes two supports. The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft are respectively supported on the first support assembly, the second support assembly, and the third support assembly through bearings.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the rack rod connected to the anti-seismic plate is provided with an external thread; the anti-seismic plate is provided with a through hole, the rack rod passes through the through hole, and is fixed to the anti-seismic plate by a fastening nut.

[0011] Furthermore, a lateral support seat is provided in the housing box and at one end away from the anti-vibration plate, and one end of the rack rod tube is embedded in the lateral support seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the first gear and the third gear have the same size and structure, and the second gear and the fourth gear have the same size and structure; the diameter of the first gear is smaller than the diameter of the second gear, and the tooth width of the compound ratchet is larger than the tooth widths of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the first spring, the second spring, the third spring and the fourth spring are all high-strength tension-compression springs.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention discloses a resettable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, comprising a housing box, an anti-seismic plate, a displacement amplification device, a friction energy dissipation device and a driving reset device; the displacement amplification device comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, two first gears are installed on the first rotating shaft, two second gears and two third gears are installed on the second rotating shaft, two fourth gears and two cams are installed on the third rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the fourth gear is connected to the third gear through a chain; the friction energy dissipation device comprises a slider rod, a slider, a second spring, a third spring and a friction block; the driving reset device comprises a transmission rod assembly and a composite ratchet. The present invention utilizes the cooperation of different gears and chains to reduce the blasting load action distance by increasing the distance of friction work in the device, thereby converting wave energy into heat energy, reducing the large-area vibration of the rock mass during the blasting process, and achieving the goal of vibration reduction and energy dissipation; at the same time, the advantage of the ratchet wheel that can achieve unidirectional rotation enables the device of the present invention to automatically reset during the vibration reduction and energy dissipation process, reducing the interference of manpower in the reset adjustment of the device, which is of great significance to improving the efficiency of blasting construction.

[0016] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure view of a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention (the top plate and one side plate of the box body are not shown);

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic longitudinal sectional structural view of a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of a composite ratchet in a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of a transmission rod assembly in a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention;

[0023] Wherein, 1 - housing box, 2 - fastening nut, 3 - anti-seismic plate, 4 - first spring, 5 - first gear, 6 - first rotating shaft, 7 - composite ratchet, 71 - ratchet shaft, 72 - ratchet tooth ring, 721 - tooth part B, 722 - ratchet teeth, 73 - stop screw, 74 - stop pawl, 75 - fifth spring, 8 - support, 9 - second rotating shaft, 10 - second gear, 11 - limit ring, 12 - slider rod, 13 - chain, 14 - third rotating shaft, 15 - cam, 16 - slider, 17 - second spring, 18 - third spring, 19 - friction block, 20 - spring cushion block, 21 - transmission rod assembly, 211 - rack rod, 212 - fourth spring, 213 - rack rod cylinder, 22 - lateral support seat, 23 - lateral support plate, 24 - third gear, 25 - fourth gear. Specific embodiments

[0024] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of this embodiment includes a housing box 1, an anti-seismic plate 3, a displacement amplification device, a friction energy dissipation device, and a driving reset device; the specific structure is as follows:

[0026] The housing box 1 includes a box bottom plate, a box top plate, two box side plates and two box end plates, which are made of high-strength composite materials and provide spatial layout and lateral stiffness support for the whole device. The seismic plate 3 is arranged at the outer end of the housing box and is connected to the box end plate it is close to through a number of first springs 4. The displacement amplification device includes a first rotating shaft 6, a second rotating shaft 9 and a third rotating shaft 14 arranged in parallel at intervals. The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are respectively rotatably installed in the housing box through supports 8. Two first gears 5 are installed on the first rotating shaft, two second gears 10 and two third gears 24 are installed on the second rotating shaft 9, the two second gears are respectively meshed with the two first gears, two fourth gears 25 are installed on the third rotating shaft 14, and the two fourth gears are respectively connected to the two third gears through chains 13. One cam 15 is sleeved and fixed at each end of the third rotating shaft 14. Among them, the first gear and the third gear have the same size and structure, and the second gear and the fourth gear have the same size and structure; the diameter of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear, and the tooth width of the composite ratchet is greater than the tooth widths of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear. Driven by the driving and resetting device, the small gears (the first gear and the third gear) drive the large gears (the second gear and the fourth gear) to rotate, and finally the slider in the friction energy dissipation device is pushed by the cam to do work and consume energy in the friction block. This structure uses the cooperation of gears with different diameters and chains to increase the working distance of the slider, thereby reducing the displacement of the seismic plate to achieve displacement amplification and energy dissipation.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, four friction energy dissipation devices are provided. The four friction energy dissipation devices are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom inside the housing box. Specifically, the four friction energy dissipation devices are symmetrically arranged in pairs at the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body; each friction energy dissipation device includes a slider rod 12, a slider 16, a second spring 17, a third spring 18 and two friction blocks 19. The two friction blocks are symmetrically arranged up and down. The slider is arranged between the two friction blocks, and the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are respectively slidably connected to the two friction blocks. The second spring is at least one vertically arranged at the bottom of the two friction blocks, and at least one second spring is used to provide frictional pressure for the slider; the third spring is horizontally arranged between the slider and the corresponding end plate of the housing box, and the third spring is used to provide a restoring force for the slider, so as to ensure that the slider can reciprocate and do frictional work under the driving of the thrust of the cam, convert the spring potential energy into heat energy, and then dissipate the blasting energy. In this structural setting, a spring cushion block 20 is arranged at the bottom of each friction energy dissipation device, and at least one second spring is arranged on the spring cushion block. A lateral support plate 23 is arranged between each friction energy dissipation device and the end plate of the housing box, and the lateral support plate is fixedly connected to the housing box. Among them, the lower surface of the upper friction block, the upper surface of the lower friction block and the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are all provided with a certain slope. One end of the upper friction block is welded and fixed to the lateral support plate, and the lower friction block is connected to the spring cushion block 20 arranged on the bottom plate of the housing box through a vertically arranged second spring, and the lower friction block 19 can move up and down in the vertical direction. One ends of the two slider rods on the same side inside the housing box are respectively connected to the corresponding sliders, and the other ends are movably abutted against the corresponding cams. Limit rings 11 are respectively arranged on the inner wall surfaces of the two side plates of the housing box, and the slider rod 12 maintains a linear reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction through the limiting action of the limit ring.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the driving and resetting device includes a transmission rod assembly 21 and a compound ratchet 7. The transmission rod assembly includes a rack rod 211, a fourth spring 212, and a rack rod cylinder 213. The rack rod movably penetrates through the end plate of the housing box. One end of the rack rod is connected to the seismic plate, and the other end is connected to the fourth spring. The fourth spring is installed in the rack rod cylinder, and the rack rod cylinder is connected to the housing box. The compound ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft and meshes with the tooth portion A of the rack rod. The compound ratchet includes a ratchet shaft 71 and a ratchet tooth ring 72. The ratchet tooth ring is sleeved on the ratchet shaft with a gap. On the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring, there is a tooth portion B721 for meshing with the tooth portion A of the rack rod. On the inner peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring, there are ratchet teeth 722. The ratchet shaft is sleeved on the first rotating shaft. At one end of the ratchet shaft, there are at least one stop claw 74 and at least one fifth spring 75. At least one stop claw is hinged to the ratchet shaft through a stop screw 73. One end of at least one fifth spring is connected to the ratchet shaft, and the other end of at least one fifth spring is connected to the stop claw. The stop claw can extend into the ratchet tooth groove under the action of the fifth spring. After the energy dissipation process ends, since the stop claw does not prevent the rotation of the ratchet, the first spring and the fourth spring push the seismic plate and the rack rod back to the initial position, completing the reset process of the device.

[0029] After the blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device of the present invention is subjected to blasting loads, the seismic plate squeezes a number of first springs, and a number of first springs convert part of the wave energy into elastic potential energy. At the same time, during the movement of the seismic plate, the transmission rod assembly drives all the gears and cams in the displacement amplification device to rotate through the compound ratchet. Under the rotation of the cams, the slider does work by squeezing the friction blocks during the reciprocating movement in the horizontal direction, converting the energy of the blasting into heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of energy dissipation. After the energy dissipation process ends, since the stop claw does not prevent the rotation of the ratchet, the first spring and the fourth spring push the seismic plate and the transmission rod back to the initial position, finally completing the reset process of the device.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, a first support assembly, a second support assembly, and a third support assembly are sequentially arranged in the housing box from the end close to the seismic plate to the end far from the seismic plate. Each support assembly includes two supports 8. The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft are respectively supported on the first support assembly, the second support assembly, and the third support assembly through bearings. The supports and spring pads arranged inside the housing box are all connected to the housing box by welding.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the end of the rack rod connected to the seismic plate is provided with an external thread. The seismic plate is provided with a through hole. The rack rod passes through the through hole and is fixed to the seismic plate through a fastening nut 2. After being subjected to blasting loads, the seismic plate squeezes a number of first springs, and the rack rod can move in the through hole.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, a lateral support seat 22 is provided inside the housing box and at one end away from the anti-seismic plate, and one end of the rack rod cylinder 213 is embedded in the lateral support seat.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring are all high-strength tensile and compressive springs.

[0034] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resetable blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, characterized in that, It includes a housing box, an anti-seismic plate, a displacement amplification device, a friction energy dissipation device and a driving reset device; the anti-seismic plate is arranged at one end of the outer side of the housing box and is connected to the end plate of the housing box through a plurality of first springs; the displacement amplification device includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft rotatably installed in the housing box, two first gears are installed on the first rotating shaft, two second gears and two third gears are installed on the second rotating shaft, the two second gears are respectively meshed with the two first gears, two fourth gears are installed on the third rotating shaft, the two fourth gears are respectively connected to the two third gears through a chain, and a cam is respectively sleeved and fixed at both ends of the third rotating shaft; four friction energy dissipation devices are arranged, and the four friction energy dissipation devices are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the housing box; the driving reset device includes a transmission rod assembly and a composite ratchet, the transmission rod assembly includes a rack rod, a fourth spring and a rack rod barrel, the rack rod is movably arranged through the end plate of the housing box, one end of the rack rod is connected to the anti-seismic plate, and the other end is connected to the fourth spring The fourth spring is installed in the rack rod cylinder, and the rack rod cylinder is connected to the housing box; the composite ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft and meshed with the tooth portion A of the rack rod; the four friction energy dissipation devices are symmetrically arranged in pairs, and each of the friction energy dissipation devices includes a slider rod, a slider, a second spring, a third spring and two friction blocks, the two friction blocks are symmetrically arranged up and down, the slider is arranged between the two friction blocks, and the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are respectively slidably connected with the two friction blocks, the second spring is at least one vertically arranged at the bottom of the two friction blocks, and the at least one second spring is used to provide the slider friction pressure; the third spring is horizontally arranged between the slider and the corresponding end plate of the housing box, and the third spring is used to provide a restoring force so that the slider can dissipate the blasting energy by reciprocating friction under the thrust of the cam; one end of the two slider rods located on the same side of the housing box is respectively connected to the corresponding slider, and the other end is movably abutted with the corresponding cam; the slider rod is kept in the horizontal direction for reciprocating motion by a limit ring.

2. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that A spring pad is provided at the bottom of each friction energy dissipation device; a lateral support plate is provided between each friction energy dissipation device and the end plate of the housing box; one end of the upper friction block among the two friction blocks is connected to the lateral support plate, and the lower friction block is connected to the spring pad through the at least one second spring, and the lower friction block can move up and down in the vertical direction.

3. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 2, wherein The lower surface of the upper friction block, the upper surface of the lower friction block, and the upper and lower surfaces of the sliding block are all provided with a certain slope.

4. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite ratchet includes a ratchet shaft and a ratchet tooth ring. The ratchet tooth ring is sleeved on the ratchet shaft with a gap. A tooth portion B for meshing with the tooth portion A of the rack bar is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring. Ratchet teeth are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the ratchet tooth ring. The ratchet shaft is sleeved on the first rotating shaft. At least one stop claw and at least one fifth spring are provided at one end of the ratchet shaft. The at least one stop claw is hinged to the ratchet shaft through a stop screw. One end of the at least one fifth spring is connected to the ratchet shaft, and the other end is connected to the stop claw. The stop claw can extend into the ratchet tooth groove under the action of the fifth spring.

5. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein, A first support assembly, a second support assembly, and a third support assembly are sequentially arranged in the housing box from the end close to the shock-resistant plate to the end far from the shock-resistant plate. Each support assembly includes two supports. The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the third rotating shaft are respectively supported on the first support assembly, the second support assembly, and the third support assembly through bearings.

6. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that The end of the rack bar connected to the shock-resistant plate is provided with an external thread. A through hole is provided on the shock-resistant plate. The rack bar passes through the through hole and is fixed to the shock-resistant plate through a fastening nut.

7. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lateral support seat is arranged in the housing box at the end far from the shock-resistant plate. One end of the rack bar cylinder is embedded in the lateral support seat.

8. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear and the third gear have the same size and structure. The second gear and the fourth gear have the same size and structure. The diameter of the first gear is smaller than the diameter of the second gear. The tooth width of the composite ratchet is greater than the tooth widths of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear.

9. The blasting vibration reduction and energy dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein The first spring, the second spring, the third spring, and the fourth spring are all high-strength tensile and compressive springs.

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