A model for demonstrating atrioventricular nodal dual pathway atrial tachycardia

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of atrioventricular node double-path supraventricular tachycardia demonstration model of heart arrhythmia model technical field, including base, lamp ring, lamp bead, ventricular model and atrial model;The base is the base of stable support, controller and display screen are arranged on the base;Ventricular model and atrial model are fixed on the base, the ventricular model is directly below the atrial model, the electrocardiogram physiological mechanism of atrioventricular node double-path supraventricular tachycardia has been complex and abstruse content in arrhythmia teaching, it is difficult to understand.By the demonstration of the model, the abnormal electrocardio conduction path of the double-path mechanism of atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia can be directly displayed;And each kind of conduction mode is matched with electrocardiogram waveform by display screen display, so that students can more easily understand disease mechanism and process, promote understanding corresponding electrocardiogram, teaching is more vivid and intuitive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cardiac arrhythmia models, in particular to an atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia demonstration model. Background Art

[0002] The beating of the heart and the process of blood supply are completed through the contraction and relaxation of the left and right atria and left and right ventricles. The principle of blood flow in the heart relies on the contraction of the right atrium. The blood in the right atrium will be pumped into the right ventricle. When the right ventricle contracts, it will pump venous blood to the pulmonary artery. The lungs are filled with oxygen inhaled from the outside, and the venous blood and oxygen in the lungs combine to become arterial blood; after the left atrium collects the arterial blood, when the left atrium contracts, it will pump the arterial blood in the left atrium into the left ventricle, and when the left ventricle contracts, it will pump the arterial blood to the aorta and its important branches to supply blood and oxygen to various organs.

[0003] The principle of heartbeat is to rely on electrical activity to generate impulses. The electrical activity of the heart is normally emitted by the sinoatrial node. The impulse generated by the sinoatrial node is actually a manifestation of bioelectricity. When the P cells of the sinoatrial node emit electrical activity, the sinoatrial node will transmit the electrical activity to the atrium. When the atrium senses the electrical activity of the sinoatrial node, it will cause the atrium to contract. When the atrium contracts, it will pump the blood in the atrium to the ventricle. The electrical excitement is transmitted from the atrium to the ventricle through the atrioventricular node, followed by ventricular contraction. When the ventricle contracts, it will pump the blood out of the heart, thus completing a complete heartbeat activity.

[0004] The atrioventricular node of the heart has the function of conducting excitement. The sinoatrial node is the pacemaker of the heart's normal sinus rhythm. The electrical excitement generated by the sinoatrial node is transmitted through the atria to the atrioventricular node, and then through the bundle of His into the ventricular myocardium, which can cause the heart to contract and eject blood. In addition to its conduction function, the atrioventricular node also has a pacing function. The atrioventricular node itself can generate electrical excitement, causing the heart to contract and eject blood. When pacemakers such as the sinoatrial node and atria are abnormal and cannot generate electrical excitement normally, or when atrioventricular block occurs due to lesions in the area before the atrioventricular node, the atrioventricular node can generate electrical excitement and cause the ventricles to beat.

[0005] The human sinoatrial node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium and is generally a flat oval structure. Under normal circumstances, the atrioventricular groove formed by the endocardial cushions and the central fibrous body, as well as the valve annulus tissue, separates the atria and ventricles. Except for the atrioventricular node, the atria and ventricles are electrically isolated from each other. For the ventricles to complete their contraction, they must rely on bioelectrical impulses. The bioelectricity generated by the sinoatrial node must pass through the atria, atrioventricular node, and His bundle in sequence before entering the ventricles. The bioelectric impulse of the sinoatrial node to the heart first causes the left and right atria to contract simultaneously, and then is transmitted to the ventricles through the atrioventricular node. The left and right ventricles also contract slightly later to complete the pumping process.

[0006] The atrioventricular node is located beneath the endocardium on the right atrial side of the lower atrial septum, anterior and superior to the coronary sinus ostium. It is flat and oval in shape, smaller than the sinoatrial node, and its anterior and inferior end continues with the bundle of His. The atrioventricular node's function is to transmit impulses from the sinoatrial node to the ventricles. This impulse is briefly delayed within the node, preventing the atrial and ventricular muscles from contracting at the same time. This ensures proper and sequential blood flow and pumping. Under normal circumstances, the atrioventricular node does not generate impulses independently.

[0007] A normal atrioventricular node has only one conductive pathway, ensuring that the single channel ensures stable stimulation of the ventricles without receiving excess electrical stimulation. However, some people may have atrioventricular node diseases, which may be caused by problems with the left sinus ostium myocardium, the atrioventricular junction myocardium, or special annular embryonic tissue. Abnormal hearts will have dual or multiple atrioventricular node pathways, which can clinically manifest as supraventricular tachycardia, abbreviated as "SVT", which is one of the most common arrhythmias. Supraventricular tachycardia refers to a group of rapid arrhythmias in which the site of ectopic excitation or the reentrant circuit is above the bifurcation of the His bundle.

[0008] Tachycardia often starts and ends suddenly, often in young patients without organic heart disease. The frequency is often <200 beats / minute and is generally short-lived, often with only a sudden sensation of palpitations, sometimes accompanied by fear, anxiety, and polyuria. In patients with underlying organic heart disease, the frequency may exceed 200 beats / minute and last longer, causing insufficient blood supply to organs such as the heart and brain, leading to decreased blood pressure, dizziness, amaurosis, angina pectoris, and heart failure. The pulse is weak, with a rapid, regular, and even rhythm detectable on auscultation. The jugular venous pulsation is consistent with the heart rate.

[0009] These individuals experience functional longitudinal separation of two conduction pathways with different properties, known as dual atrioventricular node pathways. Multiple pathways are also possible within the dual atrioventricular node. However, these are both abnormal cardiac conduction processes. The impulses generated by these dual pathways are difficult to demonstrate in a heart model. This situation is not only difficult to demonstrate but also difficult to explain clearly, leading to learning difficulties for current students. Furthermore, each patient's condition is unique, and each different issue will result in a different ECG response in the atrioventricular node pathway. This results in multiple different ECG responses for the same disease, greatly increasing the difficulty of teaching. Furthermore, this type of ECG is instantaneous and cannot be observed or dissected. Once the organism dies, there is no beating for observation, and the current path cannot be seen. Therefore, teaching the symptoms of this disease relies entirely on the teacher's abstract explanations and the student's understanding. The transfer of knowledge is extremely limited, especially for clinical interns, who find it difficult to deeply observe and study the mechanisms of this disease during their learning process.

[0010] Based on this, the present invention designs a demonstration model of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a demonstration model of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, which can intuitively display the abnormal electrocardiographic conduction pathway of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, so that people who are not familiar with it can intuitively observe the various electrocardiographic conduction modes of dual-pathway atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia through a light loop, making teaching and learning easier; and each conduction mode is displayed with a matching electrocardiogram waveform on a display screen, so that students can more easily understand the symptoms and electrocardiogram, teaching is more vivid, and it is easier to generate vivid memory, so that doctors and instructors can more conveniently explain abstract conduction modes clearly.

[0012] The present invention is achieved by: a demonstration model of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, comprising:

[0013] Base, light loop, light beads, ventricle model and atrial model;

[0014] The base is a stable support base, and a controller and a display screen are set on the base;

[0015] A ventricle model and an atrial model are fixedly mounted on the base, and the ventricle model is located directly below the atrial model;

[0016] The light loop is a vertically arranged annular base plate, and the light loop is vertically and stably erected between the ventricle model and the atrial model. The top and bottom of the light loop are connected to light end circuits, the bottom light end circuit is fixedly connected to the ventricle model, and the top light end circuit is fixedly connected to the atrial model.

[0017] A plurality of lamp beads are provided on the front side surfaces of the lamp loop and the lamp end, and the plurality of lamp beads are distributed in a ring shape along the vertical surface of the lamp loop, with the light-emitting surfaces of the lamp beads facing forward, and the lamp beads form a plurality of ring-shaped light-emitting circuits;

[0018] The annular light-emitting circuit formed by each of the lamp beads is individually connected to the controller, and the display screen is also individually connected to the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, the annular light-emitting circuit formed by the plurality of lamp beads includes a first light ring, a second light ring, a third light ring and a fourth light ring;

[0020] The first light ring, the second light ring, the third light ring and the fourth light ring are connected in parallel, and the first light ring, the second light ring, the third light ring and the fourth light ring are all connected to the controller separately;

[0021] The first light ring, the second light ring, the third light ring and the fourth light ring are evenly distributed on the light ring road in a ring shape without blocking each other;

[0022] The first light ring, the second light ring, the third light ring and the fourth light ring are not started at the same time.

[0023] Furthermore, the first light ring is composed of green lamp beads, the second light ring is composed of yellow lamp beads, the third light ring is composed of orange lamp beads, and the fourth light ring is composed of red lamp beads; the lamp beads on the light end road include two columns, green and red.

[0024] Furthermore, the light loop is covered with a cover plate, a cavity is formed between the bottom plate of the light loop and the cover plate, and the lamp beads are arranged in the cavity formed by the cover plate and the light loop;

[0025] The cover plate is a light guide plate, the light loop and the cover plate are elliptical flat plates of the same shape and size, the inner and outer rings of the light loop are both provided with baffles, the inner and outer baffles of the light loop form a groove structure, and the cover plate is clamped in the grooves of the inner and outer rings of the light loop.

[0026] Furthermore, the display screen is a digital display;

[0027] A battery is arranged inside the base, and the controller is electrically connected to the battery. The controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention uses a light loop to display the dual pathways of the atrioventricular node, thereby providing a more vivid understanding of the disease. The internal conduction pathway of the atrioventricular node is magnified into a model for display, which is more vivid. The light beads are arranged in a ring and then lit or extinguished to display the conduction pathway of the cardiac impulse. The display is more intuitive and accurate, making the cardiac conduction of the atrioventricular node more vivid.

[0029] 2. The four ring-shaped light circuits of different colors, namely the first light ring, the second light ring, the third light ring and the fourth light ring, display different conduction modes one by one, which can more clearly show the different conduction conditions of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia;

[0030] 3. This device has added a display screen, which can easily adjust the displayed content and can be matched with different light rings. It can match the corresponding ECG waveforms for different conduction modes of the ventricular node, making the teaching more intuitive, more accurate, and more vivid. It is no longer an abstract explanation of the diagram, but a more realistic simulation of the atrioventricular node ECG conduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the lamp beads in the lamp loop of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single-side line change in a lamp loop according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the normal heartbeat transmission of the light loop of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light loop of the present invention conducting air-to-air speed;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of reverse conduction of the lamp loop of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lamp loop conduction circuit of the present invention.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0040] 1-base, 11-controller, 12-display screen, 2-light loop, 21-light end, 22-cover, 3-lamp beads, 31-first light ring, 32-second light ring, 33-third light ring, 34-fourth light ring, 4-ventricle model, 41-atrial model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a demonstration model of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, comprising:

[0042] Base 1, light loop 2, light beads 3, ventricle model 4 and atrium model 41;

[0043] The base 1 is a stable support base, and a controller 11 and a display screen 12 are set on the base 1;

[0044] The base 1 is fixed with a ventricle model 4 and an atrial model 41, and the ventricle model 4 is located directly below the atrial model 41;

[0045] The light loop 2 is a vertically arranged annular substrate. The light loop 2 is vertically and stably erected between the ventricle model 4 and the atrial model 41. The top and bottom of the light loop 2 are connected to the light end 21. The bottom light end 21 is fixedly connected to the ventricle model 4, and the top light end 21 is fixedly connected to the atrial model 41.

[0046] A plurality of lamp beads 3 are provided on the front side of the lamp loop 2 and the lamp end 21. The plurality of lamp beads 3 are distributed in a ring shape along the vertical surface of the lamp loop 2. The light-emitting surfaces of the lamp beads 3 face forward, and the lamp beads 3 form a plurality of ring-shaped light-emitting circuits.

[0047] The annular luminous circuit composed of each of the lamp beads 3 is individually connected to the controller 11, and the display screen 12 is also individually connected to the controller 11, which can intuitively display the abnormal ECG conduction path of the dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia of the atrioventricular node, so that people who are not familiar with it can intuitively observe the various conduction modes of the dual-pathway atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia ECG through the lamp loop, making teaching easier; and each conduction mode is displayed with a matching ECG waveform on the display screen, so that students can more easily understand the symptoms and ECG, teaching is more vivid, and it is easier to generate vivid memory, so that medical instructors can more conveniently explain abstract conduction modes clearly.

[0048] The annular light-emitting circuit formed by the plurality of lamp beads 3 includes a first lamp ring 31, a second lamp ring 32, a third lamp ring 33 and a fourth lamp ring 34;

[0049] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are connected in parallel. The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are all connected to the controller 11 separately.

[0050] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the light loop 2 without blocking each other;

[0051] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are not activated at the same time. Such a structure can form a multi-line loop and display the ECG conduction route, and different conduction situations can be displayed and analyzed one by one.

[0052] The first light ring 31 is composed of green lamp beads 3, the second light ring 32 is composed of yellow lamp beads 3, the third light ring 33 is composed of orange lamp beads 3, and the fourth light ring 34 is composed of red lamp beads 3. The lamp beads 3 on the light end circuit 21 include two columns, green and red, which can display the path through different colors, thereby distinguishing the line display. The degree of color display can also help students understand the increasing danger of this situation to the patient. Green means no danger, while yellow means it will endanger the patient's health. Orange means danger has already occurred and it is easy to cause heart beat disorder and must be treated as soon as possible. Red means it is very dangerous and the patient may become ill at any time. After interns or students learn these, they need to use electrocardiogram tests to accurately judge the patient's condition.

[0053] The light loop 2 is also covered with a cover plate 22. A cavity is formed between the bottom plate of the light loop 2 and the cover plate 22. The lamp beads 3 are arranged in the cavity formed by the cover plate 22 and the light loop 2.

[0054] The cover plate 22 is a light guide plate. The light loop 2 and the cover plate 22 are oval flat plates of the same shape and size. The inner and outer rings of the light loop 2 are both provided with baffles. The inner and outer baffles of the light loop 2 form a groove structure. The cover plate 22 is clamped in the grooves of the inner and outer rings of the light loop 2, which facilitates the diffusion of the light of the lamp beads 3, forming a range display, soft display light, and clear display;

[0055] The display screen 12 is a digital display. The images displayed on the display screen 12 are multiple different electrocardiograms. The electrocardiogram waveforms displayed on the display screen 12 are adjusted by the controller 11 to facilitate the display of different electrocardiogram waveforms and can be easily adjusted to match the light loop 2.

[0056] A battery is provided inside the base 1 , and the controller 11 is electrically connected to the battery. The controller 11 is a single chip microcomputer, and the battery can be removed and installed, and is easy to use.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention provide a demonstration model of dual-pathway atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia. However, the technical problems encountered by the present invention are as follows: 1. Currently, it is difficult to teach and explain the abnormal cardiac conduction of dual-pathway atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia. There are no physical objects or pathological anatomy to view, so it can only be explained orally. These are also difficult to learn in school and can only be explained through explanation. This teaching method is too abstract, making it difficult for students to understand. It is also difficult for medical instructors to clearly explain the invisible pathways, making it difficult to ensure that students do not have deviations in their understanding. 2. Currently, explanations are usually given through descriptions on graphics or cardiac anatomical diagrams, which can only be drawn and illustrated, making it difficult to explain clearly. 3. Dynamic cardiac conduction, which is a substance that cannot be photographed, is difficult to explain and can only be explained through data. Moreover, this conduction route must be matched with the electrocardiogram for explanation. In addition, there is more than one abnormal condition of dual-pathway atrioventricular node supraventricular tachycardia, which makes explanation and understanding more complicated, resulting in great difficulty in teaching and learning.

[0059] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to use a simple device to vividly and dynamically display atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, so as to make the teaching of this heart rate abnormality more intuitive.

[0060] The technical effects achieved are as follows: 1. The present invention displays the dual pathways of the atrioventricular node through the light loop 2, thereby providing a more vivid understanding of the disease, and amplifies the internal conduction pathway of the atrioventricular node into a model for display, which is more vivid. The light beads 3 are arranged in a ring and lit or extinguished to display the conduction pathway of the cardiac impulse, which is more intuitive and accurate, making the cardiac conduction of the atrioventricular node more vivid.

[0061] 2. The four differently colored ring light circuits of the first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33, and the fourth light ring 34 display different conduction modes one by one, which can more clearly show the different conduction conditions of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia;

[0062] 3. The device is equipped with a display screen 12, which can conveniently adjust the displayed content and can be matched with different light rings. It can match the corresponding electrocardiogram waveforms for different conduction modes of the ventricular node, thereby making the teaching more intuitive, more accurate, and more vivid. It is no longer an abstract explanation of the diagram, but a more realistic simulation of the atrioventricular node electrocardiogram conduction.

[0063] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0064] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0065] When making the present invention, it is necessary to make a flat base 1, a lamp loop 2, lamp beads 3, a ventricle model 4 and an atrial model 41;

[0066] The base 1 is a stable support base, on which a controller 11 and a display screen 12 are provided;

[0067] The ventricle model 4 and the atrium model 41 are fixedly mounted on the base 1, and the ventricle model 4 is located directly below the atrium model 41;

[0068] The light loop 2 is a vertically arranged annular substrate. The light loop 2 is an oval solid flat plate, which can be an aluminum alloy plate. It is light, strong and durable, and can support the atrial model 41. The light loop 2 is vertically and stably set between the ventricle model 4 and the atrial model 41. Such a structure can be clearly seen at a glance. The light loop 2 is a simulated atrioventricular node, and is mounted and connected between the ventricle model 4 and the atrial model 41 to form a complete loop, which plays a conductive and connecting role in the atria and ventricles. In addition, the ventricle model 4 and the atrial model 41 need to be cross-sectional models to show the internal structure of the heart, and the position of the sinoatrial node is marked inside the atrium to show the electrocardiographic conduction process and status. A lamp bead 3 can also be installed between the sinoatrial node and the upper light end 21 to show the starting path of electrocardiographic conduction from the sinoatrial node.

[0069] The bottom lamp end 21 is fixedly connected to the ventricle model 4, and the top lamp end 21 is fixedly connected to the atrial model 41;

[0070] The top and bottom of the light loop 2 are connected to the light end 21. The light loop 2 is stably erected between the ventricle model 4 and the atrial model 41 through a vertical ring bracket. The shape of the bracket needs to be the same as the structure of the light loop 2 and be made of solid material. It must be able to erect the atrial model 41 and must be solid and stable.

[0071] A plurality of lamp beads 3 are provided on the front side of the light loop 2 and the light end 21. The plurality of lamp beads 3 are distributed in a ring shape along the vertical surface of the light loop 2, with the light-emitting surfaces of the lamp beads 3 facing forward, forming a plurality of ring-shaped light-emitting circuits. The ring-shaped light-emitting circuits formed by the plurality of lamp beads 3 include a first light ring 31, a second light ring 32, a third light ring 33, and a fourth light ring 34.

[0072] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are connected in parallel. The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are all connected to the controller 11 individually.

[0073] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the light loop 2 without blocking each other;

[0074] The first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 are not started at the same time, and the lamp beads 3 forming the same annular light emitting circuit are started and turned on and off linearly one by one, so that the lights form a moving state.

[0075] The first light ring 31 is composed of green lamp beads 3, the second light ring 32 is composed of yellow lamp beads 3, the third light ring 33 is composed of orange lamp beads 3, and the fourth light ring 34 is composed of red lamp beads 3. The lamp beads 3 on the light end circuit 21 include two rows of green and red lamp beads.

[0076] Each of the annular light-emitting circuits formed by the lamp beads 3 is individually connected to the controller 11, and the display screen 12 is also individually connected to the controller 11. The display screen 12 is a digital display. The digital display can display different images according to needs. It is a commonly used device and can be easily adjusted. This device requires the controller 11 to be connected to the display screen 12 as a fixed display screen, and the display screen 12 can also be replaced with a display card slot. Each time the displayed light ring is replaced, the card in the card slot can be replaced. The card displayed is the electrocardiogram waveform. This method is the simplest structure and can also be replaced, but the clarity is not as good as the digital display.

[0077] The controller 11 is a knob-type switch, and controls the lamp beads 3 to start or extinguish according to demand;

[0078] A battery is provided inside the base 1, and the controller 11 is electrically connected to the battery. The controller 11 is a single-chip microcomputer. This is a conventional control device for controlling the lighting time and extinguishing time of the lamp beads 3. It belongs to the existing structure. The controller 11 needs to control the lamp beads 3 to light up and extinguish in sequence. A conduction path is formed through the lamp beads 3 to gradually light up and extinguish in sequence, forming a circuit. This lighting method is commonly used in background lights and advertising lights, that is, one lamp is lit one by one in sequence. A relay can be set in the controller 11 to control the lamp beads 3 to light up and extinguish in sequence. In addition, the lamp beads 3 in different loops of the first lamp ring 31, the second lamp ring 32, the third lamp ring 33 and the fourth lamp ring 34 will not light up and extinguish at the same time. Only the lamp beads in one loop can light up and extinguish in sequence at a time. The lighting loop is an abnormal conduction circuit of the atrioventricular node, such as Figures 4 to 7 It is abnormal conduction, the dotted line is the conduction node, and the direction of the arrow is the conduction line.

[0079] The light loop 2 is also covered with a cover plate 22, and a cavity is formed between the bottom plate of the light loop 2 and the cover plate 22. The lamp beads 3 are arranged in the cavity formed by the cover plate 22 and the light loop 2;

[0080] The cover plate 22 is a light guide plate. The lamp loop 2 and the cover plate 22 are elliptical flat plates of the same shape and size. The inner and outer rings of the lamp loop 2 are provided with baffles. The inner and outer ring baffles of the lamp loop 2 form a groove structure. The cover plate 22 is clamped in the grooves of the inner and outer rings of the lamp loop 2. In this way, the cover plate 22 can diffuse and filter the light of the lamp beads 3, which can not only display the electrocardiogram conduction path by lighting the lamp beads 3, but also make the light of the lamp beads 3 more uniform, not only not dazzling, but also avoid the formation of point-like light. The light is formed into a range shape through the light-guiding cover plate 22. In this way, when the lamp beads 3 are continuously lit or extinguished, a sheet-like range-like spread is formed through the cover plate 22.

[0081] When the present invention is in use, the controller 11 is a knob-type switch with at least five corresponding lighting circuits to control the activation or extinguishing of the lamp beads 3. The initial point is to turn off all the lamp beads 3, and the display screen 12 is also powered off and extinguished. The other four gears correspond to the activation of the first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34, and the display screen 12 is activated to display a matching electrocardiogram pattern. A single-chip microcomputer is set in the controller 11 to control the lighting mode of the first light ring 31, the second light ring 32, the third light ring 33 and the fourth light ring 34 and the time interval of each lamp bead 3, so as to facilitate the control of the lighting duration and sequence of the lamp beads 3 on the light loop 2. This is also a conventional structure. It only needs to be set according to the requirements of the device, without limiting its specific model and usage system. It only needs to be lit and extinguished as required.

[0082] When the controller 11 turns the knob to start the first light ring 31, it is displayed as Figure 4In the green first light ring 31, the sinoatrial node extends from the upper light end 21 to the left and right sides of the light ring 2 and moves toward the lower light end 21. The light beads 3 light up and then extend downward in sequence. 3-4 light beads 3 gradually light up, and then when the fourth light bead 3 lights up, the top light bead 3 will go out, forming a state where the light beads 3 continue to extend downward. Figure 4 In the figure, the green lamp bead 3 on the left lights up and stops at the dotted line, while the green lamp bead 3 on the right continues to move to the lower light end 21 and extends downward, and at the same time it will also circle clockwise to the dotted line on the left and go out, forming a loop to the dotted line and stop state, and when the controller 11 knob is turned to light up the first light ring 31, it will continue to display in this state, and there will be a time difference between the lamp beads 3 on the left and right sides of the first light ring 31 of the light loop 2, so that both sides move to the dotted line at the same time and stop circling. The controller 11 starts the display screen 12 to display the matching electrocardiogram pattern.

[0083] When the controller 11 is turned to the second light ring 32 to start, the other light rings are off. Only one set of light rings can be started at a time. Figure 5 and Figure 4 The order of lighting is slightly different. Figure 5 The yellow lamp beads 3 of the second light ring 32 move continuously from top to bottom in the direction of the arrow to the lower light end 21 and then go out. The lamp beads 3 of the light ring 2 on the right go out when they reach the dotted line. The yellow lamp bead 3 display path stops at the dotted line on the right. Figure 5 The lamp bead 3 on the right side of the middle turns on to the dotted line, until the lamp bead 3 on the left also extends to the right dotted line, and the lights on both sides of the dotted line simultaneously turn on to the dotted line position and then turn off. The second light ring 32 is all turned off at the same time, and the controller 11 controls the display screen 12 to display the matching electrocardiogram pattern.

[0084] When the controller 11 is turned to the third light ring 33, it is displayed as Figure 6 In the third light ring 33, orange lamp beads 3 are displayed. There is no dotted line on the third light ring 33. The lamp beads 3 are shown as moving from the upper light end path 21 along the left light ring path 2 to the lower light end path 21, and at the same time returning along the right light ring path 2 to the upper light end path 21, forming a reverse movement. When all the lamp beads 3 light up from top to bottom, they extend in the opposite direction back to the top light end path 21 and then all go out, and a matching electrocardiogram is displayed on the display screen 12;

[0085] The controller 11 adjusts the switch of the fourth light ring 34 to display the status Figure 7The arrow indicates the fourth light ring 34 composed of red lamp beads 3. The fourth light ring 34 is composed of the top lamp end path 21, along the left lamp loop 2, to the bottom lamp end path 21. A branch goes along the right lamp loop 2 and returns to the top and repeatedly lights up the lamp loop 2 in a counterclockwise cycle. The lamp beads 3 continue to move forward and turn on and off one by one. At the same time, the display screen 12 displays a matching electrocardiogram model.

[0086] Different colors can be used to display pathways, distinguishing circuits. Different colors can also be used to indicate different stages of a disease, and in some cases, the development of a symptom. Green indicates normal conduction, while yellow indicates an abnormality. Orange indicates a worsening abnormality, suggesting the patient may present with clinical symptoms. Red indicates progressive and persistent abnormalities, suggesting the onset of supraventricular tachycardia. Once interns or students have mastered these techniques, they can use them to accurately assess a patient's condition through an electrocardiogram (ECG).

[0087] In such a display, the light beads 3 will form a dynamic route, which is convenient for learning and viewing, and deepens memory. This display is much more vivid and vivid than abstract explanations, and the ECG conduction circuit cannot be displayed physically or by hand. This kind of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia must be clearly displayed through a dynamic route display, which can also allow learners to have a clearer understanding. Relying solely on abstract explanations and understanding can easily lead to misunderstandings, which in turn leads to learning incorrect theoretical knowledge.

[0088] In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that when terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0089] The controller 11, when implemented, only needs to select a control lamp 3 on-off sequence and duration that can realize this function from the existing technology, and is not limited to any model, such as ST's STM32F103 series MCU, and the control program is well known to those skilled in the art, which can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work.

[0090] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments described are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A demonstration model of atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia, characterized in that: include: Base (1), lamp loop (2), lamp beads (3), ventricle model (4) and atrial model (41); The base (1) is a stable supporting base, and a controller (11) and a display screen (12) are provided on the base (1); A ventricle model (4) and an atrial model (41) are fixedly mounted on the base (1), wherein the ventricle model (4) is located directly below the atrial model (41); The light loop (2) is a vertically arranged annular base plate. The light loop (2) is vertically and stably erected between the ventricle model (4) and the atrial model (41). The top and bottom of the light loop (2) are connected to the light end (21). The bottom light end (21) is fixedly connected to the ventricle model (4), and the top light end (21) is fixedly connected to the atrial model (41). A plurality of lamp beads (3) are provided on the front side surfaces of the lamp loop (2) and the lamp end road (21), and the plurality of lamp beads (3) are distributed in a ring shape along the vertical surface of the lamp loop (2), and the light-emitting surfaces of the lamp beads (3) face forward, and the lamp beads (3) form a plurality of ring-shaped light-emitting circuits; The annular light-emitting circuit formed by each of the lamp beads (3) is individually connected to the controller (11), and the display screen (12) is also individually connected to the controller (11); The annular light-emitting circuit formed by the plurality of lamp beads (3) includes a first lamp ring (31), a second lamp ring (32), a third lamp ring (33) and a fourth lamp ring (34); The first light ring (31), the second light ring (32), the third light ring (33) and the fourth light ring (34) are connected in parallel, and the first light ring (31), the second light ring (32), the third light ring (33) and the fourth light ring (34) are all individually connected to the controller (11); The first light ring (31), the second light ring (32), the third light ring (33) and the fourth light ring (34) are all evenly distributed in a ring shape on the light loop (2) without blocking each other; The first light ring (31), the second light ring (32), the third light ring (33) and the fourth light ring (34) are not activated at the same time; The light loop (2) is also covered with a cover plate (22), a cavity is formed between the bottom plate of the light loop (2) and the cover plate (22), and the lamp beads (3) are arranged in the cavity formed by the cover plate (22) and the light loop (2); The cover plate (22) is a light guide plate, the light loop (2) and the cover plate (22) are elliptical flat plates of the same shape and size, the inner ring and the outer ring of the light loop (2) are both provided with baffles, the inner and outer ring baffles of the light loop (2) form a groove structure, and the cover plate (22) is clamped in the grooves of the inner and outer rings of the light loop (2).

2. The atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia demonstration model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light ring (31) is composed of green light beads (3) surrounding it, the second light ring (32) is composed of yellow light beads (3) surrounding it, the third light ring (33) is composed of orange light beads (3) surrounding it, and the fourth light ring (34) is composed of red light beads (3) surrounding it; the light beads (3) on the light end circuit (21) include two columns, one green and one red.

3. The atrioventricular node dual-pathway supraventricular tachycardia demonstration model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display screen (12) is a digital display; A battery is provided inside the base (1), and the controller (11) is electrically connected to the battery. The controller (11) is a single chip microcomputer.

Images