Five-axis laser cutting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis laser cutting machine, belongs to the field of laser processing equipment, and aims to solve the problems of large space occupation and low cutting efficiency of the existing five-axis cutting equipment. The five-axis laser cutting machine sets the clamp assembly and the Y-axis assembly, the X-axis assembly, the rotating shaft A-axis assembly and the rotating shaft B-axis assembly connected in sequence in the lower installation space of the machine shell, and sets the optical module and the Z-axis assembly in the upper installation space of the machine shell. On the one hand, the five-axis laser cutting machine can realize continuous curve cutting and processing, and is beneficial to high-efficiency production; on the other hand, the Z-axis assembly is independently arranged with other shaft assemblies, and only needs to drive the laser cutting head to move up and down, so that the occupied installation space is small, the compactness of the five-axis laser cutting machine is improved, and the equipment volume is reduced. In addition, the optical module is arranged to realize laser cutting processing, so that the cutting precision and efficiency can be improved, and the cut products basically do not need manual finishing and polishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser processing equipment, and specifically relates to a five-axis laser cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Invisible braces are a series of transparent aligners that gradually adjust the position and alignment of teeth, making them more straight and aesthetically pleasing. The manufacturing process of invisible braces generally includes: oral cavity morphology scanning, reconstructing the oral cavity model, 3D printing of the oral cavity model, aligner molding, and aligner cutting.

[0003] In the production of invisible braces, cutting is a time-consuming process. Currently, five-axis CNC machine tools are mostly used as cutting equipment to cut the braces, but the following problems often exist:

[0004] 1) The material of invisible braces is usually a transparent polymer material. During the cutting process, a tool is needed to cut along the cutting path. The blade tip is very easy to wear, resulting in burrs or rough edges on the cut edge. Afterwards, manual finishing and polishing are required, which leads to a longer production cycle and reduced processing efficiency.

[0005] 2) During the CNC cutting process, a large amount of chips are generated, which puts a heavy burden on the maintenance and cleaning of CNC equipment, reducing the service life and production efficiency of CNC equipment.

[0006] 3) Since five-axis CNC machine tools are general-purpose machining equipment and not special equipment designed for cutting and processing invisible braces, the structure and layout of their control system, five-axis motion module, cutter head, fixture components, etc. are not compact enough, resulting in them usually having a large volume and occupying a lot of space. They are not suitable for use in dental clinics and cannot meet the service tenet of digital dental treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a five-axis laser cutting machine, which aims to solve the problems of large space occupation and low cutting efficiency of existing five-axis cutting equipment.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a five-axis laser cutting machine, including a machine housing, a control system, a five-axis motion module and a fixture assembly;

[0009] The bottom plate of the housing is a base plate, the top surface of the base plate is a mounting base surface, the longitudinal direction of the mounting base surface is the Y-axis direction, its transverse direction is the X-axis direction, and its normal direction is the Z-axis direction.

[0010] The control system is electrically connected to the five-axis motion module;

[0011] The five-axis motion module includes a Y-axis assembly, an X-axis assembly, a rotary A-axis assembly, a rotary B-axis assembly, and a Z-axis assembly;

[0012] The Y-axis assembly is mounted on the mounting base surface, and its driving part can move along the Y-axis direction;

[0013] The X-axis assembly is mounted on the drive section of the Y-axis assembly, and the drive section of the X-axis assembly can move along the X-axis direction.

[0014] It also includes an optical module, which comprises a laser cutting head, a laser, and optical path components;

[0015] The inner cavity of the housing includes an upper mounting space and a lower mounting space. The mounting base surface is the bottom surface of the lower mounting space. The Y-axis assembly and the X-axis assembly are both located in the lower mounting space.

[0016] The rotating axis A-axis assembly is mounted on the driving part of the X-axis assembly, and the driving part of the rotating axis A-axis assembly can rotate around the Y-axis.

[0017] The B-axis assembly is mounted on the drive section of the A-axis assembly. The drive section of the B-axis assembly can rotate around the Z-axis, and the drive section of the B-axis assembly is provided with a clamp mounting part.

[0018] The Z-axis assembly is located in the upper mounting space, and its driving part is provided with a laser head mounting part and can move along the Z-axis direction;

[0019] The clamping assembly is located at the clamping mounting part, and it can move to a position directly below the laser head mounting part under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly, X-axis assembly, A-axis rotary axis assembly and B-axis rotary axis assembly.

[0020] The laser cutting head is located at the laser head mounting part and can move along the Z-axis direction under the driving action of the Z-axis assembly, so that its cutting nozzle extends into the lower mounting space to the position corresponding to the clamp assembly;

[0021] The laser is installed in the upper mounting space and electrically connected to the control system. Its light-emitting part is connected to the light-inlet part of the laser cutting head through an optical path assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper mounting space and the lower mounting space are separated by a first transverse partition disposed in the inner cavity of the housing;

[0023] A vertical partition is provided in the upper installation space, which divides the upper installation space into a first electrical cavity and an upper second space;

[0024] A second transverse partition is provided in the upper second space, which divides the upper second space into a second electrical cavity and an optical component cavity located on the upper side of the second electrical cavity.

[0025] The control system includes a motor drive board and a main controller disposed in the first electrical cavity, and a circuit controller disposed in the second electrical cavity.

[0026] The laser is housed within the cavity of the optical component.

[0027] Furthermore, the Y-axis assembly includes a Y-axis guide rail disposed on the mounting base surface along the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis guide rail slider slidably disposed on the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis lead screw rotatably disposed on the mounting base surface and parallel to the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis nut seat threadedly connected to the Y-axis lead screw via a Y-axis nut, and a Y-axis motor disposed on the mounting base surface and drivenly connected to the Y-axis lead screw.

[0028] The X-axis assembly includes an X-axis mounting plate fixedly connected to the Y-axis guide rail slider and Y-axis nut seat, an X-axis guide rail disposed on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate along the X-axis direction, an X-axis guide rail slider slidably disposed on the X-axis guide rail, an X-axis lead screw rotatably disposed on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate and parallel to the X-axis guide rail, an X-axis nut seat threadedly connected to the X-axis lead screw via an X-axis nut, and an X-axis motor disposed on the X-axis mounting plate and drivenly connected to the X-axis lead screw.

[0029] The rotating A-axis assembly includes an A-axis mounting plate disposed on an X-axis guide rail slider and fixedly connected to an X-axis nut seat, an A-axis support plate disposed on the A-axis mounting plate, an A-axis drive plate rotatably disposed on the A-axis support plate, and an A-axis motor disposed on the A-axis support plate and drivenly connected to the A-axis drive plate; the rotation center line of the A-axis drive plate is distributed along the Y-axis direction.

[0030] The rotating B-axis assembly includes a B-axis mounting base disposed on the A-axis drive plate, a B-axis drive component rotatably disposed on the B-axis mounting base, and a B-axis motor disposed on the B-axis mounting base and connected to the B-axis drive component for transmission; the rotation center line of the B-axis drive component is distributed along the Z-axis direction, and the fixture mounting part is disposed on the B-axis drive component.

[0031] The Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis mounting plate disposed on the upper side of the mounting base surface, a Z-axis guide rail disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate along the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis guide rail slider slidably disposed on the Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis lead screw rotatably disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate and parallel to the Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis nut seat threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw and fixedly connected to the Z-axis guide rail slider via a Z-axis nut, and a Z-axis motor disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate and drivenly connected to the Z-axis lead screw; the laser head mounting part is disposed on the Z-axis guide rail slider and / or the Z-axis nut seat.

[0032] Furthermore, the clamping assembly is a dental mold fixing base, which includes a fixing base body and a snap-fit ​​component;

[0033] The main body of the fixing seat is located at the clamp mounting part, and it is provided with a dental mold positioning part for positioning and cooperating with the dental mold; the main body of the fixing seat is also provided with at least three snap-fit ​​mounting positions, each snap-fit ​​mounting position is provided with a set of snap-fit ​​components, and the snap-fit ​​positions of at least three sets of snap-fit ​​components are not distributed along the same straight line.

[0034] The latching component includes a latching element and a resetting element;

[0035] The fastener is movably installed at the fastener mounting position, and its fastening part protrudes from the top surface of the fixing base body; the fastener has a locking position, and when it is in the locking position, the position of the fastening part is the fastening position of the fastener component; the fastener can leave the locking position under the action of external force, so that the dental mold can be positioned and engaged with the dental mold positioning part.

[0036] The reset component is mounted on the fixed base body. It can drive the snap-fit ​​component, which has left the locking position, back to the locking position when no external force is applied to it, and can lock and fix the dental mold that is positioned and fitted in the dental mold positioning part.

[0037] Furthermore, the main body of the fixing seat includes a base and a seat cover disposed on the upper side of the base;

[0038] The buckle mounting position includes a buckle groove formed on the top of the base and / or the bottom of the seat cover, and a buckle through hole formed inside the seat cover and communicating with the buckle groove;

[0039] The buckle portion passes through the buckle through hole;

[0040] A spring hole is provided at the main body of the fixing seat near the inner end of the buckle groove. The reset component is a spring installed in the spring hole, and the two ends of the spring abut against the inner end face of the spring hole and the inner side face of the buckle component, respectively.

[0041] A push rod through hole is provided at the main body of the fixing seat near the outer end of the buckle groove, which connects the buckle groove to the outside.

[0042] Furthermore, the optical path assembly includes an indicator light module, a beam combining module, a reflection module, and a beam expanding module;

[0043] The indicator light module includes an indicator light generator;

[0044] The beam combining module includes a beam combiner for combining the laser beam emitted by the laser and the indicator beam emitted by the indicator light generator into a single beam.

[0045] The reflection module includes a reflector, and the light-incident portion of the reflector corresponds to the light-outceasing portion of the beam combiner.

[0046] The beam expanding module includes a beam expanding lens, the light-incident portion of which corresponds to the light-reflecting portion of the reflector;

[0047] The light-incident portion of the laser cutting head corresponds to the light-outceasing portion of the beam expander.

[0048] Furthermore, the indicator light module also includes an indicator light adjustment frame, which includes a first indicator light adjustment plate, a second indicator light adjustment plate, and an indicator light adjustment structure;

[0049] The first indicator light adjustment plate and the second indicator light adjustment plate are spaced apart.

[0050] The second indicator light adjustment plate is provided with an indicator light generator through hole;

[0051] The indicator light adjustment structure includes at least three indicator light adjustment rods whose center lines are not on the same plane. The indicator light adjustment rods are respectively connected to the first indicator light adjustment plate and the second indicator light adjustment plate, and the relative distance between the connecting parts on them can be adjusted.

[0052] The indicator light generator is fixedly mounted on the first indicator light adjustment plate, and its light-emitting part passes through the indicator light generator through hole and faces the indicator light input part of the beam combiner; there is an adjustment gap between the indicator light generator and the hole wall of the indicator light generator through hole.

[0053] Furthermore, the five-axis laser cutting machine also includes an air blowing system and an exhaust system;

[0054] The blowing system includes a gas nozzle mounted on the laser cutting head and a positive pressure gas source connected to the gas nozzle's gas path.

[0055] The exhaust system includes an exhaust intake hood, an exhaust pipe, and a negative pressure air source;

[0056] The exhaust hood has an air inlet at the bottom, an air outlet on the side, and an internal cavity connecting the air inlet and outlet. An airflow baffle is installed within the internal cavity, dividing it into at least two airflow channels. The inlet of each airflow channel is located at the air inlet, and the distance between the inlet and outlet of each channel is unequal. The outlet of each airflow channel corresponds to the air outlet, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the outlet are unequal. The airflow channel whose inlet is farther from the outlet has a larger cross-sectional dimension at its outlet.

[0057] The exhaust intake hood is disposed in the lower installation space, and its air inlet is at least partially corresponding to the clamp assembly.

[0058] The air intake of the negative pressure air source is connected to the air outlet of the exhaust intake hood through an exhaust pipe.

[0059] Furthermore, the airflow channels are two, including a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel located above the first airflow channel;

[0060] The airflow baffle includes a flow guide baffle section and a flow split baffle section that is smoothly connected to the flow guide baffle section; the flow guide baffle section is located in the inner cavity of the hood directly above the air inlet of the hood, and the flow guide baffle section is an inclined plate section with an inclination angle of 30° to 60°.

[0061] The exhaust intake hood is provided with a "U"-shaped opening through which the laser cutting head can pass;

[0062] The air inlet of the first airflow channel is located behind the "U"-shaped opening;

[0063] The sidewall of the "U"-shaped opening divides the air inlet of the second airflow channel into two parts, located on the left and right sides of the "U"-shaped opening, respectively.

[0064] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe, a negative pressure chamber, and a second exhaust pipe connected in sequence;

[0065] The air inlet of the first exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet of the cover;

[0066] The inner diameter of the second exhaust pipe is larger than that of the first exhaust pipe, and its outlet end is connected to the intake port of the negative pressure air source.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0068] 1) This five-axis laser cutting machine divides its internal cavity into an upper mounting space and a lower mounting space. The fixture assembly, along with the sequentially connected Y-axis assembly, X-axis assembly, A-axis rotary assembly, and B-axis rotary assembly, are positioned in the lower mounting space, while the optical module and Z-axis assembly are positioned in the upper mounting space. On one hand, the A-axis rotary assembly and the B-axis rotary assembly, whose drive components can rotate around the Y-axis and Z-axis respectively, allow the workpiece to move at more angles and in more postures, thus enabling continuous curve cutting of complex products and facilitating high-efficiency production. On the other hand, the laser cutting... The Z-axis assembly of the laser cutting head is independently set up compared to other axis assemblies. It only needs to drive the laser cutting head to move up and down, without needing to drive the laser cutting head to move in other directions or rotate at other angles. This effectively ensures the stability of the cutting process and occupies less installation space, improving the compactness of the five-axis laser cutting machine and helping to reduce the size of the equipment. Therefore, it is suitable for use in space-constrained places such as dental clinics. In addition, by setting up an optical module to achieve laser cutting, not only can the cutting accuracy and efficiency be improved, but there is also no problem of blade wear. This ensures that the cut product edges are smooth and basically eliminates the need for manual finishing and polishing, thus reducing the workload of production.

[0069] 2) This five-axis laser cutting machine uses a dental mold fixing base as a clamping assembly. The dental mold positioning part on the main body of the fixing base can be used to position and cooperate with the dental mold. By setting at least three sets of snap-fit ​​components with non-linearly distributed snap-fit ​​positions, it can not only form snap-fit ​​connections with the dental mold individually, but also is not affected by the irregular shape of the dental mold's outer periphery. It can also form a fixing structure with at least one triangular fixing position, resulting in good stability of the dental mold clamping. Therefore, this five-axis laser cutting machine is beneficial for clamping and fixing dental molds for dental brace cutting. It not only has good stability in clamping the dental mold, but also has high positioning accuracy, which helps to ensure the accuracy of dental brace cutting and ensures the safety of processing. In addition, the snap-fit ​​connection after positioning by the dental mold positioning part can also ensure the convenience of dental mold assembly and disassembly, which helps to further improve the efficiency of dental brace cutting.

[0070] 3) The optical module of this five-axis laser cutting machine is equipped with an indicator light generator mounted on an indicator light adjustment frame. The indicator light adjustment structure of the indicator light adjustment frame is mainly composed of at least three indicator light adjustment rods whose axis centers are not on the same plane. The distance between the connection parts of the indicator light adjustment rods and the first indicator light adjustment plate and the connection parts of the indicator light adjustment rods and the second indicator light adjustment plate is adjustable. Therefore, by adjusting the relative distance of the connection parts on one, two or more indicator light adjustment rods, the first indicator light adjustment plate on which the indicator light generator is fixed can be tilted relative to the second indicator light adjustment plate in various circumferential directions, thereby causing the indicator light generator to tilt and adjust its light emission direction. This is very convenient and facilitates the installation and maintenance of the optical module.

[0071] 4) The optical module of the five-axis laser cutting machine is modularly designed, which makes the structure between various optical components compact, shortens the flight optical path, improves the safety of the equipment, and helps to reduce the installation space occupied, making room for the installation of other parts of the five-axis laser cutting machine, and further reducing the overall size of the five-axis laser cutting machine.

[0072] 5) By setting up an air blowing system, the five-axis laser cutting machine can use gas nozzles to blow away the smoke and dust generated during laser cutting, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of laser cutting; at the same time, by setting up an exhaust system, the exhaust inlet hood can be used to suck up the blown smoke and dust, preventing the smoke and dust from escaping into the working chamber and bringing a greater burden to the maintenance and cleaning of the five-axis laser cutting machine. Furthermore, the exhaust intake hood divides the inner cavity of the hood into at least two airflow channels by setting an airflow baffle inside the hood. The airflow channel farther from the air outlet of the hood has a larger cross-sectional area at the air outlet. In this way, the air inlet of the hood can be divided into a structure composed of two or more small openings, so that it can draw in air more evenly and reduce eddies and turbulence. Moreover, when the air outlet of the exhaust intake hood is connected to negative pressure for dust collection, the airflow channel farther from the air outlet of the hood can obtain a greater negative pressure suction force. This can increase the airflow velocity at the air inlet farther from the air outlet of the hood and decrease the airflow velocity at the air inlet closer to the air outlet of the hood. This makes the airflow distribution at the air inlet of the hood more uniform when the exhaust intake hood is collecting dust, which is conducive to improving the dust removal effect during laser cutting and further ensuring the quality of laser cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention without the housing frame;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of a five-axis motion module;

[0077] Figure 5 It is a 3D isometric view of the Y-axis component;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a 3D isometric view of the Y-axis and X-axis components after assembly;

[0079] Figure 7 This is a top view of the fixture assembly.

[0080] Figure 8 It is along Figure 7 Sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0081] Figure 9 It is a 3D isometric view of the fixture assembly;

[0082] Figure 10 It is a 3D isometric view of the fixture assembly with the seat cover removed;

[0083] Figure 11 It is a bottom-view axonometric drawing of the seat cover of the main body of the fixed seat;

[0084] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the optical module;

[0085] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A magnified view of a section at point P in the middle;

[0086] Figure 14 This is a side view of the optical module.

[0087] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the exhaust intake shroud;

[0088] Figure 16 This is a top view of the exhaust intake shroud.

[0089] Figure 17 It is along Figure 16 Sectional view of the middle BB line;

[0090] Figure 18 It is a velocity streamline diagram of the simulation analysis of the airflow state inside the exhaust intake hood;

[0091] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust system's implementation structure;

[0092] Figure 20 This is a velocity streamline diagram of the simulation analysis of the airflow state inside the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system when no negative pressure chamber is set up.

[0093] Figure 21 This is a velocity streamline diagram of the airflow state simulation analysis of the exhaust pipe of the exhaust system with a negative pressure chamber.

[0094] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: housing 100, base plate 110, mounting base surface 111, first horizontal partition 120, vertical partition 130, second horizontal partition 140, workpiece loading / unloading structure 150, workpiece loading / unloading port 151, loading / unloading port door 152, door opening / closing mechanism 153, circuit controller 210, five-axis motion module 300, Y-axis assembly 310, Y-axis guide rail 311, Y-axis guide rail slider 312, Y-axis lead screw 313, Y-axis nut 314, Y-axis nut seat 315, Y-axis motor 316, X-axis assembly 320, X-axis mounting plate 321, X-axis guide rail 322, X-axis guide rail slider 323, X-axis lead screw 324, X-axis nut 325, X-axis nut seat 326, X-axis motor 327, and rotary... A-axis assembly 330, A-axis mounting plate 331, A-axis bracket plate 332, A-axis drive plate 333, A-axis motor 334; B-axis assembly 340, B-axis mounting base 341, B-axis drive component 342, clamp mounting part 3421, B-axis motor 343; Z-axis assembly 350, Z-axis mounting plate 351, Z-axis guide rail 352, Z-axis guide rail slider 353, Z-axis lead screw 354, Z-axis nut 355, Z-axis nut seat 356, laser head mounting part 3561, Z-axis motor 357; base plate 360, mounting base surface 361, clamp assembly 400, fixed seat body 410, base 411, first connector 4111, second connector 4112, seat cover 412, buckle. 4121 slot, 4122 snap-fit ​​through hole, 4123 "C" shaped positioning post, 4124 spring hole, 4125 push rod through hole, 413 connecting seat, 420 snap-fit ​​component, 421 snap-fit ​​part, 4211 snap-fit ​​section, 422 spring, 430 disassembly rod, 431 push rod, 432 connecting rod, 433 pushing gap, 500 optical module, 510 laser head, 520 laser, 530 optical path assembly, 531 indicator light module, 5311 indicator light generator, 5312 first indicator light adjustment plate, 5313 second indicator light adjustment plate, 5314 indicator light generator through hole, 5315 indicator light adjustment rod, 5316 indicator light adjustment knob, 532 beam combining module, 5321 beam combining mirror, etc. Beam mirror mounting plate 5322, beam combiner mounting bracket 5323, reflection module 533, reflector mounting bracket 5331, reflector 5332, beam expander module 534, four-dimensional adjustment bracket 5341, beam expander 5342, four-dimensional adjustment bracket pad 5343, module mounting bracket 540, module mounting base plate 541, module mounting side plate 542, exhaust system 600, exhaust inlet hood 610, hood air inlet 611, hood air outlet 612, hood inner cavity 613, airflow channel 6131, airflow baffle 614, flow guide baffle section 6141, flow split baffle section 6142, "U" shaped opening 615, exhaust pipe 620, first exhaust pipe 621, negative pressure chamber 622, second exhaust pipe 623. Detailed Implementation

[0095] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for ease of description, not indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention; when "many" indicates a quantity, it usually refers to a quantity of three or more, for example, "multiple" usually refers to three or more; the expression "mainly composed of or constituted by" can be interpreted as also including structural components not mentioned in the sentence; "flying optical path" refers to the path of laser propagation in the air; "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example: A and / or B, which can indicate: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0097] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the five-axis laser cutting machine includes a housing 100, a control system, a five-axis motion module 300, and a fixture assembly 400.

[0098] The housing 100 is the outer shell used to install and protect other components of the five-axis laser cutting machine. It typically includes a housing frame and a shell plate covering the periphery of the housing frame. The structure of the housing 100 can be various, such as: cube, cuboid, cylindrical, etc. The bottom plate of the housing 100 is a base plate 110, and the top surface of the base plate 110 is a mounting base surface 111. The longitudinal direction of the mounting base surface 111 is the Y-axis direction, its transverse direction is the X-axis direction, and its normal direction is the Z-axis direction.

[0099] The control system is electrically connected to the five-axis motion module 300. The control system is mainly used to drive and control the five-axis laser cutting machine, and it typically includes a main controller, a circuit controller 210, and a motor drive board, etc.

[0100] The five-axis motion module 300 includes a Y-axis assembly 310, an X-axis assembly 320, a rotary A-axis assembly 330, a rotary B-axis assembly 340, and a Z-axis assembly 350. The Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, and Z-axis assembly 350 are all linear motion components, and their motion can be achieved in various ways, such as using a rack and pinion assembly, a ball screw assembly, a pneumatic cylinder assembly, a hydraulic cylinder assembly, etc. The rotary A-axis assembly 330 and rotary B-axis assembly 340 are both rotary motion components, and their motion can be achieved in various ways, such as using a motor assembly, a rotary cylinder assembly, a worm gear assembly, etc.

[0101] The Y-axis assembly 310 is mounted on the mounting base surface 111, and its driving part can move along the Y-axis direction.

[0102] The X-axis assembly 320 is disposed on the drive part of the Y-axis assembly 310, and the drive part of the X-axis assembly 320 can move along the X-axis direction.

[0103] It also includes an optical module 500, which includes a laser cutting head 510, a laser 520, and an optical path assembly 530;

[0104] The inner cavity of the housing 100 includes an upper mounting space and a lower mounting space. The mounting base surface 111 is the bottom surface of the lower mounting space. The Y-axis assembly 310 and the X-axis assembly 320 are both located in the lower mounting space.

[0105] The rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 is mounted on the drive section of the X-axis assembly 320, and the drive section of the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 can rotate around the Y-axis.

[0106] The B-axis assembly 340 is disposed on the drive part of the A-axis assembly 330. The drive part of the B-axis assembly 340 can rotate around the Z-axis direction, and the drive part of the B-axis assembly 340 is provided with a clamp mounting part 3421.

[0107] The Z-axis assembly 350 is located in the upper installation space. Its drive part is equipped with a laser head mounting part 3561 and can move along the Z-axis direction. The laser head mounting part 3561 is mainly used to install and fix the laser cutting head 510. It can be of various types, such as: clamp, three-dimensional adjustment seat, four-dimensional adjustment seat, etc.

[0108] The clamping assembly 400 is mainly used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be cut. It can be of various types, such as a three-jaw chuck, a universal chuck, etc. The clamping assembly 400 is located at the clamping mounting part 3421, and it can move to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 and rotary axis B-axis assembly 340.

[0109] The laser cutting head 510 is a component used to focus a laser beam to achieve laser cutting; the laser cutting head 510 is located at the laser head mounting part 3561 and can move along the Z-axis direction under the drive of the Z-axis assembly 350, so that its cutting nozzle extends into the lower mounting space to the position corresponding to the clamp assembly 400.

[0110] Laser 520 is a device that converts energy into a high-intensity, highly monochromatic, and highly coherent beam. It is mainly composed of components such as an excitation source, a laser crystal, and an optical cavity. Laser 520 is installed in the upper mounting space and electrically connected to the control system. Its light-emitting part is connected to the light-incident part of the laser cutting head 510 through the optical path assembly 530.

[0111] This five-axis laser cutting machine divides the inner cavity of its housing 100 into an upper mounting space and a lower mounting space. The fixture assembly 400, along with the sequentially connected Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, A-axis rotary assembly 330, and B-axis rotary assembly 340, are positioned in the lower mounting space, while the optical module 500 and Z-axis assembly 340 are positioned in the upper mounting space. On one hand, the A-axis rotary assembly 330 and the B-axis rotary assembly 340, whose drive components can rotate around the Y-axis, can drive the workpiece to move at more angles and in more postures, thereby enabling continuous curve cutting of complex products and facilitating high-efficiency production. On the other hand… The Z-axis assembly 350, equipped with the laser cutting head 510, is set independently from other axis assemblies. It only needs to drive the laser cutting head 510 to move up and down, without needing to drive the laser cutting head 510 to move in other directions or rotate at other angles. This effectively ensures the stability of the cutting process and occupies less installation space, improving the compactness of the five-axis laser cutting machine and helping to reduce the size of the equipment. This makes it suitable for use in space-constrained places such as dental clinics. In addition, by setting up the optical module 500 to realize laser cutting, not only can the cutting accuracy and efficiency be improved, but there is also no problem of blade wear. This ensures that the cut product edges are smooth and basically no longer require manual finishing and polishing, which helps to reduce the workload of production.

[0112] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the upper and lower mounting spaces are separated by a first transverse partition 120 within the inner cavity of the housing 100. A vertical partition 130 is provided in the upper mounting space, dividing it into a first electrical cavity and an upper second space. A second transverse partition 140 is provided in the upper second space, dividing it into a second electrical cavity and an optical component cavity located above the second electrical cavity. The control system includes a motor drive board and a main controller located in the first electrical cavity, and a circuit controller 210 located in the second electrical cavity. The laser 520 is located in the optical component cavity. By appropriately dividing the inner cavity of the housing 100, not only is the installation of various components facilitated, improving the overall compactness of the equipment and simplifying later maintenance, but it also helps ensure the stability and reliability of each component.

[0113] The housing 100 is typically provided with a workpiece loading and unloading structure 150 for convenient workpiece loading and unloading; the workpiece loading and unloading structure 150 can be of various types, preferably a combination thereof. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the workpiece loading and unloading structure 150 includes a workpiece loading and unloading port 151 opened on the front of the housing 100 and a loading and unloading port door 152 disposed at the workpiece loading and unloading port 151 via a door opening and closing mechanism 153. For ease of observation by the operator, the loading and unloading port door 152 is usually made of transparent material. The door opening and closing mechanism 153 is mainly used to open and close the loading and unloading port door 152, and can be of various types, such as: cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, ball screw pairs, hinges, etc.

[0114] Preferred, combined Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the Y-axis assembly 310 includes a Y-axis guide rail 311 disposed on the mounting base surface 111 along the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis guide rail slider 312 slidably disposed on the Y-axis guide rail 311, a Y-axis lead screw 313 rotatably disposed on the mounting base surface 111 and parallel to the Y-axis guide rail 311, a Y-axis nut seat 315 threadedly connected to the Y-axis lead screw 313 via a Y-axis nut 314, and a Y-axis motor 316 disposed on the mounting base surface 111 and drivenly connected to the Y-axis lead screw 313.

[0115] The X-axis assembly 320 includes an X-axis mounting plate 321 fixedly connected to the Y-axis guide rail slider 312 and the Y-axis nut seat 315, an X-axis guide rail 322 disposed on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate 321 along the X-axis direction, an X-axis guide rail slider 323 slidably disposed on the X-axis guide rail 322, an X-axis lead screw 324 rotatably disposed on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate 321 and parallel to the X-axis guide rail 322, an X-axis nut seat 326 threadedly connected to the X-axis lead screw 324 via an X-axis nut 325, and an X-axis motor 327 disposed on the X-axis mounting plate 321 and drivenly connected to the X-axis lead screw 324.

[0116] The rotary A-axis assembly 330 includes an A-axis mounting plate 331 fixedly connected to the X-axis guide rail slider 323 and the X-axis nut seat 326, an A-axis support plate 332 mounted on the A-axis mounting plate 331, an A-axis drive plate 333 rotatably mounted on the A-axis support plate 332, and an A-axis motor 334 mounted on the A-axis support plate 332 and drivenly connected to the A-axis drive plate 333; the rotation center line of the A-axis drive plate 333 is distributed along the Y-axis direction.

[0117] The rotary axis B-axis assembly 340 includes a B-axis mounting base 341 disposed on the A-axis drive plate 333, a B-axis drive member 342 rotatably disposed on the B-axis mounting base 341, and a B-axis motor 343 disposed on the B-axis mounting base 341 and drivenly connected to the B-axis drive member 342; the rotation center line of the B-axis drive member 342 is distributed along the Z-axis direction, and the clamp mounting part 3421 is disposed on the B-axis drive member 342;

[0118] Z-axis assembly 350 includes a Z-axis mounting plate 351 disposed on the upper side of mounting base surface 111, a Z-axis guide rail 352 disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate 351 along the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis guide rail slider 353 slidably disposed on the Z-axis guide rail 352, a Z-axis lead screw 354 rotatably disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate 351 and parallel to the Z-axis guide rail 352, a Z-axis nut seat 356 threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw 354 and fixedly connected to the Z-axis guide rail slider 353 via a Z-axis nut 355, and a Z-axis motor 357 disposed on the Z-axis mounting plate 351 and drivenly connected to the Z-axis lead screw 354; the laser head mounting part 3561 is disposed on the Z-axis guide rail slider 353 and / or the Z-axis nut seat 356.

[0119] The Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, and Z-axis assembly 350 described above not only have high transmission efficiency and precision, but also low friction coefficient, good stability, long service life, and low noise. Specifically, the Y-axis guide rail 311 is generally fixed to the base plate 110 by screws, and there are usually two of them distributed on both sides of the Y-axis lead screw 313. The Y-axis guide rail slider 312 is a component that slides with the Y-axis guide rail 311. To improve load-bearing capacity, two or more Y-axis guide rail sliders 312 can be set on the Y-axis guide rail 311, and two or more Y-axis guide rail sliders 312 on the same Y-axis guide rail 311 can be connected together by a slider adapter plate. The Y-axis lead screw 313 is generally rotatably mounted on the base plate 110 through a Y-axis lead screw seat, and the Y-axis lead screw 313 is generally rotatably connected to the Y-axis lead screw seat through a bearing. The Y-axis motor 316 is generally mounted on the base plate 110 through a Y-axis motor seat. The X-axis mounting plate 321 serves as the mounting carrier for the X-axis assembly 320. Driven by the Y-axis nut seat 315, it enables other components of the X-axis assembly 320 to move along the Y-axis guide rail 311 with the Y-axis guide rail slider 312. The X-axis guide rail 322 is generally fixed to the X-axis mounting plate 321 by screws. There are usually two guide rails distributed on both sides of the X-axis lead screw 324. The X-axis lead screw 324 is generally rotatably mounted on the X-axis mounting plate 321 via an X-axis lead screw seat. The X-axis lead screw 324 is generally rotatably connected to the X-axis lead screw seat via a bearing. The X-axis motor 327 is generally mounted on the X-axis mounting plate 321 via an X-axis motor seat. Z-axis mounting plate 351 serves as the mounting carrier for Z-axis assembly 350, and is typically mounted on the inner wall of housing 100. Z-axis guide rail 352 is generally fixed to Z-axis mounting plate 351 by screws. Z-axis lead screw 354 is generally rotatably mounted on Z-axis mounting plate 351 via Z-axis lead screw seat, and is generally rotatably connected to Z-axis lead screw seat via bearings. Z-axis motor 357 is generally mounted on Z-axis mounting plate 351 via Z-axis motor seat.

[0120] The aforementioned rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 can drive the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340, the fixture assembly 400 mounted on it, and the workpiece to rotate 360° around the Y-axis, thereby increasing the machinable range, facilitating the processing of products with more complex structures, and improving processing efficiency and accuracy. The A-axis mounting plate 331 serves as the mounting carrier for the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330. Driven by the X-axis nut seat 326, it can drive other components of the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 to move along the X-axis guide rail 322 with the X-axis guide rail slider 323. The A-axis support plate 332 is mainly used to mount and support the A-axis drive plate 333 and the A-axis motor 334. The A-axis drive plate 333 is mainly used to drive the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340, the fixture assembly 400 mounted on it, and the workpiece to rotate around the Y-axis. The A-axis motor 334 is generally mounted on the A-axis support plate 332 via an A-axis motor mount.

[0121] The aforementioned rotary B-axis assembly 340 can drive the fixture assembly 400 and the workpiece mounted on it to rotate 360° around the Z-axis, thereby increasing the machinable range, facilitating the processing of products with more complex structures, and improving processing efficiency and accuracy. The B-axis mounting base 341 serves as the mounting carrier for the rotary B-axis assembly 340, and under the drive of the A-axis drive plate 333, it can drive other components of the rotary B-axis assembly 340 to rotate around the Y-axis. The B-axis drive component 342 is mainly used to drive the fixture assembly 400 and the workpiece mounted on it to rotate around the Z-axis. The B-axis drive component 342 is generally mounted on the B-axis mounting base 341 via a B-axis motor mount.

[0122] The motors used in the aforementioned five-axis motion module 300, such as the Y-axis motor 316, X-axis motor 327, A-axis motor 334, B-axis motor 343, and Z-axis motor 357, can be of various types, but preferably they are all servo motors with high precision, good reliability, and fast response.

[0123] The methods for moving the fixture mounting part 3421 to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 include at least the following:

[0124] 1)~4) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 or rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0125] 5) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310 and the X-axis assembly 320;

[0126] 6) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310 and the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330;

[0127] 7) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310 and the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0128] 8) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the X-axis assembly 320 and the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330;

[0129] 9) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the X-axis assembly 320 and the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0130] 10) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the rotating axis A-axis assembly 330 and the rotating axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0131] 11) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, the X-axis assembly 320 and the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330;

[0132] 12) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, the X-axis assembly 320 and the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0133] 13) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 and the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0134] 14) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the X-axis assembly 320, the rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 and the rotary axis B-axis assembly 340;

[0135] 15) The fixture mounting part 3421 moves to a position directly below the laser head mounting part 3561 under the coordinated driving action of the Y-axis assembly 310, X-axis assembly 320, rotary axis A-axis assembly 330 and rotary axis B-axis assembly 340.

[0136] Preferred, combined Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the clamping assembly 400 is a dental mold fixing base, which includes a fixing base body 410 and a snap-fit ​​component 420;

[0137] The fixing body 410 is disposed at the clamp mounting part 3421, and is provided with a dental mold positioning part for positioning and engaging with the dental mold. The dental mold positioning part can have various structures, such as a positioning post disposed on the fixing body 410, a positioning hole disposed on the fixing body 410, or a positioning post and a positioning hole disposed on the fixing body 410. The fixing body 410 is usually provided with a fixing body connecting part for connecting with the clamp mounting part 3421. The fixing body connecting part can have various structures, such as a connecting hole, a connector, a nested mating structure, a magnetic connection structure, etc.

[0138] The main body 410 of the fixing seat is also provided with at least three buckle mounting positions. Each buckle mounting position is provided with a set of buckle components 420, and the buckle positions of at least three sets of buckle components 420 are not distributed along the same straight line. In this way, after the dental mold is clamped and fixed, a fixing structure with at least one triangular fixing position can be formed to improve the stability of clamping.

[0139] The latching component 420 includes a latching element 421 and a resetting element;

[0140] The snap fastener 421 is movably installed at the snap fastener mounting position, with its snap fastener portion 4211 protruding from the top surface of the fixing base body 410. The snap fastener portion 4211 is mainly used to cooperate with the part on the dental mold to be snapped to form a snap fastener connection. It can be a "C", "n", inverted "L" shape or other structures. The snap fastener 421 has a locking position. When it is in the locking position, the position of the snap fastener portion 4211 is the snap fastener position of the snap fastener component 420. The snap fastener 421 can leave the locking position under the action of external force so that the dental mold can be positioned and engaged with the dental mold positioning part.

[0141] The reset element is provided on the fixed base body 410. When no external force is applied to the buckle 421, it can drive the buckle 421, which has left the locking position, back to the locking position, and lock and fix the dental mold that is positioned and fitted on the dental mold positioning part. The reset element can be of various types, such as: spring, elastic sheet, elastic rope, etc.

[0142] Each of the snap-fit ​​components 420 in the above structure can be connected to the dental mold to form an independent snap-fit ​​connection structure to lock and fix the dental mold. Therefore, it is basically not affected by the irregular shape of the outer periphery of the dental mold, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the dental mold clamping and fixing.

[0143] Specifically, in combination Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the main body 410 of the fixing base includes a base 411 and a cover 412 disposed on the upper side of the base 411; the buckle mounting position includes a buckle groove 4121 opened on the top of the base 411 and / or the bottom of the cover 412, and a buckle through hole 4122 opened in the cover 412 and communicating with the buckle groove 4121; the buckle part 4211 passes through the buckle through hole 4122; a spring hole 4124 is opened at the part of the fixing base 410 near the inner end of the buckle groove 4121, and the reset member is a spring 422 disposed in the spring hole 4124, and the two ends of the spring 422 abut against the inner end face of the spring hole 4124 and the inner side face of the buckle member 421, respectively; a push rod through hole 4125 is opened at the part of the fixing base 410 near the outer end of the buckle groove 4121, and the push rod through hole 4125 communicates the buckle groove 4121 with the outside. The fixed base body 410 of this structure facilitates the installation of the snap-fit ​​component 420 between the base 411 and the cover 412. It is not only easy to use but also has a simple structure, making processing and assembly convenient. The dental mold positioning part is preferably a positioning post and / or positioning hole located on the top surface of the cover 412. Using a spring 422 as a reset component not only simplifies the structure and makes installation convenient but also provides good reset action for the snap-fit ​​component 421. Through the push rod through hole 4125, the operator can apply an external force to the snap-fit ​​component 421 to move it away from its locked position, facilitating the removal of the fixed dental mold.

[0144] Based on the above, in order to perform multi-point positioning of the dental mold and protect the protruding clip part 4211, for example... Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, each snap-fit ​​hole 4122 has a C-shaped positioning post 4123 on its periphery at the top of the hole. When the snap-fit ​​part 421 leaves the locking position or is reset, the snap-fit ​​part 4211 can move along the direction of the opening of the C-shaped positioning post 4123, thereby engaging or disengaging with the dental mold.

[0145] Preferred, for example Figure 8 As shown, the fixing seat connection is a connecting seat 413 detachably mounted on the bottom of the base 411; the seat cover 412 is connected to the base 411 via a first connecting member 4111; the connecting seat 413 is connected to the base 411 via a second connecting member 4112. The fixing seat connection in the form of the connecting seat 413 facilitates installation and removal from the clamp mounting part 3421, improving the efficiency of dental brace cutting; the connecting seat 413 can have various shapes, such as rectangular, polygonal, circular, etc. The first connecting member 4111 and the second connecting member 4112 are mainly used to connect and fix components, which can be screws, pins, bolts, etc.

[0146] Preferred, for example Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the dental mold holder also includes a disassembly rod 430, which includes a push rod 431. The inner end of the push rod 431 passes through the push rod through hole 4125 and is connected to the locking member 421. The push rod 431 of the disassembly rod 430 allows the operator to push the locking member 421 away from the locked position, thus facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the dental mold.

[0147] Based on the above, in order to simultaneously push multiple latching parts 421, the disassembly rod 430 also includes a connecting rod 432; each push rod through hole 4125 is provided with a push rod 431; the connecting rod 432 is located on the side of the fixing body 410 and is connected to the outer end of each push rod 431; when the latching part 421 is in the locked position, there is a pushing gap 433 between the connecting rod 432 and the fixing body 410. This structure of the disassembly rod 430 can use the connecting rod 432 to push multiple push rods 431, which is very convenient; to improve practicality, if the pushing direction of the connecting rod 432 is unidirectional, the opening of the "C"-shaped positioning post 4123 should also be in the same direction, for example: Figure 7 The implementation method shown.

[0148] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the optical path assembly 530 includes an indicator light module 531, a beam combining module 532, a reflection module 533, and a beam expander module 534. The indicator light module 531 includes an indicator light generator 5311. The beam combining module 532 includes a beam combiner 5321 for combining the laser beam emitted by the laser 520 and the indicator beam emitted by the indicator light generator 5311 into a single beam. The reflection module 533 includes a reflector 5332, the light-incident portion of which corresponds to the light-outcident portion of the beam combiner 5321. The beam expander module 534 includes a beam expander 5342, the light-incident portion of which corresponds to the light-reflecting portion of the reflector 5332. The light-incident portion of the laser cutting head 510 corresponds to the light-outcident portion of the beam expander 5342. The indicator light generator 5311 is mainly used to emit visible light for indicating the positioning laser. The indicator light generator 5311 can be of various types, but a red indicator light is preferred because its emitted red light has good penetration and is more easily perceived by the naked eye. The beam combiner 5321 is generally mounted and fixed using a beam combiner mounting bracket 5323, the reflector 5332 is generally mounted and fixed using a reflector mounting bracket 5331, and the beam expander 5342 is generally mounted and fixed using a four-dimensional adjustment bracket 5341. The reflector mounting bracket 5331 is mainly used to mount and fix the reflector 5332 and to mount and fix the entire reflection module 533 onto the module mounting bracket 540. The reflector mounting bracket 5331 is usually equipped with a reflector adjustment knob for adjusting the reflection angle of the combined light; preferably, the combined light is reflected vertically downwards by rotating the reflector adjustment knob. The four-dimensional adjustment bracket 5341 is mainly used to install and fix the beam expander 5342, and to install and fix the entire beam expander module 534 on the module mounting bracket 540; the four-dimensional adjustment bracket 5341 is usually equipped with a beam expander adjustment knob for adjusting the position of the beam expander 342.

[0149] Preferred, combined Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the indicator light module 531 also includes an indicator light adjustment frame, which includes a first indicator light adjustment plate 5312, a second indicator light adjustment plate 5313, and an indicator light adjustment structure; the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 and the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 are spaced apart; the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 is provided with an indicator light generator through hole 5314.

[0150] The indicator light adjustment structure includes at least three indicator light adjustment rods 5315 whose centerlines are not on the same plane. The indicator light adjustment rods 5315 are respectively connected to the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 and the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313, and the relative distance between the connecting parts on them can be adjusted. In this way, by adjusting the relative distance between the connecting parts on one, two or more indicator light adjustment rods 5315, the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 can be tilted relative to the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 in various circumferential directions.

[0151] There are several ways to make the relative distance between the connecting parts on the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 adjustable. For example, the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 can be set as a telescopic rod structure with adjustable length, such as a nested rod, a cylinder, an electric push rod, etc.; or at least one connecting part on the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 can be set as a position-adjustable structure, such as threading the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 to the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 and rotatably connecting it to the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313; or rotatably connecting the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 to the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 and threading it to the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313; or threading the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 to the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 and the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 respectively, and the rotation directions of the connecting threads of each connecting part are opposite.

[0152] The indicator light generator 5311 is fixedly mounted on the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312. Its light-emitting part passes through the indicator light generator through hole 5314 and faces the indicator light input part of the beam combiner 5321. There is an adjustment gap between the indicator light generator 5311 and the hole wall of the indicator light generator through hole 5314. Thus, when the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 is tilted relative to the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 in various circumferential directions, it will cause the indicator light generator 5311 to tilt, thereby realizing the adjustment of the light emission direction of the indicator light generator 5311.

[0153] Preferably, the side of the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312 closest to the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 is defined as the inner side, and the side furthest from the second indicator light adjustment plate 5313 is defined as the outer side. When the indicator light adjustment rod 5315 is installed in a rotatable and adjustable manner, in order to facilitate turning the indicator light adjustment rod 5315, an indicator light adjustment knob 5316 is usually provided on the outer end of the indicator light adjustment rod 5315. The indicator light adjustment knob 5316 is located on the outer side of the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312, such as... Figure 13 As shown. In this way, by utilizing the larger space on the outer side of the first indicator light adjustment plate 5312, the operator can easily turn the indicator light adjustment knob 5316 to adjust the light emission direction of the indicator light generator 5311, so that the indicator beam is converted into a beam that is completely superimposed on the laser beam by the beam combiner 5321.

[0154] Specifically, the optical module 500 also includes a module mounting bracket 540; the module mounting bracket 540 includes a module mounting base plate 541; the laser cutting head 510 is disposed on the underside of the module mounting base plate 541; and the laser 520 is disposed on the module mounting base plate 541.

[0155] Based on the above, in order to facilitate the installation and setup of the various modules and components in the optical path assembly 530, for example... Figure 12 As shown, the module mounting bracket 540 also includes a module mounting side plate 542, which is disposed on the side of the module mounting base plate 541. The indicator light module 531 is fixedly mounted on the module mounting side plate 542 via a second indicator light adjustment plate 5313. The reflector mounting bracket 5331 is disposed on the module mounting side plate 542. The four-dimensional adjustment bracket 5341 is disposed on the module mounting side plate 542. Typically, the module mounting side plate 542 is installed on the left and / or right side of the module mounting base plate 541 to facilitate the fixing of each module component and to make the entire optical module 500 more compact.

[0156] To facilitate the installation and fixation of the beam combiner 5321 and the entire beam combiner module 532, for example... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the beam combining module 532 also includes a beam combining mirror mounting plate 5322 and a beam combining mirror mounting bracket 5323. The beam combining mirror mounting plate 5322 is mounted on the laser 520; the beam combining mirror mounting bracket 5323 is mounted on the beam combining mirror mounting plate 5322; and the beam combining mirror 5321 is mounted on the beam combining mirror mounting bracket 5323, with its laser input portion corresponding to the output portion of the laser 520. The beam combining mirror mounting plate 5322 is mainly used to mount and fix the entire beam combining module 532 on the laser 520, and it is generally fixed to the end of the laser 520 with the output portion by screws, bolts, or other connectors. The beam combining mirror mounting bracket 5323 is mainly used to mount and fix the beam combining mirror 5321, and it usually has an optical path through-hole to facilitate the optical path connection between the laser input portion of the beam combining mirror 5321 and the output portion of the laser 520.

[0157] Preferably, in order to make the structure between various optical elements more compact, shorten the flight optical path, and improve safety, for example... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the beam combiner mounting bracket 5323 is a cylindrical structure with a 45° upward-sloping front face and a beam combiner mounting groove on its front face. The beam combiner mounting bracket 5323 and the beam combiner mounting plate 5322 are generally connected by a shaft hole and locked in place by screws. The beam combiner 5321 is set in the beam combiner mounting groove. The indicator light generator 5311 is a red indicator light, which is located directly above the beam combiner 5321. The reflector 5332 is located in front of the beam combiner 5321, with its mirror surface facing the beam combiner 5321 and parallel to the front face of the beam combiner mounting bracket 5323. The beam expander 5342 is located directly below the reflector 5332. In this way, the laser beam emitted by the laser 520 can be transmitted through the beam combiner 5321 and emitted horizontally forward. At the same time, the red beam emitted by the red indicator light, which is vertically downward, is reflected by the beam combiner 5321 and emitted horizontally forward, and is combined with the laser beam into a single beam. The combined beam is reflected by the reflector 5332 and then emitted vertically into the beam expander 5342.

[0158] To facilitate the installation and adjustment of the beam expander 5342, for example... Figure 12 As shown, the beam expander module 534 also includes a four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343; the four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343 is disposed between the four-dimensional adjustment frame 5341 and the module mounting base plate 541; the beam expander lens 5342 is disposed on the lower side of the module mounting base plate 541, and its upper end passes through the module mounting base plate 541 and the four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the four-dimensional adjustment frame 5341. The four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343 not only raises the four-dimensional adjustment frame 5341 to facilitate the operator to turn the beam expander lens adjustment knob for normal use, but also supports and protects the four-dimensional adjustment frame 5341 and the beam expander lens 5342; the shape and hole positions of the four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343 are usually the same as those of the four-dimensional adjustment frame 5341, and through holes for the beam expander lens 5342 to pass through are provided on both the module mounting base plate 541 and the four-dimensional adjustment frame pad 5343.

[0159] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 19 As shown, the five-axis laser cutting machine also includes an air blowing system and an exhaust system 600;

[0160] The blowing system includes a gas nozzle mounted on the laser cutting head 510 and a positive pressure gas source connected to the gas nozzle's air path. The gas nozzle is usually oriented in the same direction as the cutting tip of the laser cutting head 510. The gas nozzle is used to blow away the smoke and dust generated during laser cutting, ensuring the precision and efficiency of laser cutting. The positive pressure gas source is mainly used to provide the blowing airflow, and it can be of various types, such as: gas tank, fan, compressor, etc.

[0161] The exhaust system 600 includes an exhaust intake hood 610, an exhaust pipe 620, and a negative pressure air source;

[0162] The exhaust air intake hood 610 has an air intake 611 at the bottom, an air outlet 612 on the side, and an inner cavity 613 inside that connects the air intake 611 and the air outlet 612.

[0163] The exhaust inlet hood 610 can be rectangular, polygonal, circular, or other shapes, as long as it can be fixed to the upper side of the clamping assembly 400 and its air inlet 611 can partially correspond to the workpiece clamped on the clamping assembly 400; the side of the exhaust inlet hood 610 is usually provided with a structure to facilitate its installation and connection, for example: Figure 16 Connecting ears are provided on both the left and right sides of the middle part of the exhaust intake hood 610, and connecting holes are provided on the connecting ears;

[0164] The air inlet 611 of the hood is mainly used to draw in airflow containing smoke and dust, while the air outlet 612 of the hood is mainly used to discharge airflow containing smoke and dust. The air outlet 612 can be an open structure or a pipe section of a certain length, the length of which only needs to be sufficient for connection with the exhaust pipe 620. Figures 15-17 The vent 612 of the enclosure in the embodiment is of this structure;

[0165] An airflow baffle 614 is provided in the inner cavity 613 of the cover, which divides the inner cavity 613 of the cover into at least two airflow channels 6131. ​​The airflow baffle 614 is mainly used to divide the inner cavity 613 of the cover, and one, two or more can be provided as needed.

[0166] The air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 is located at the air inlet 611 of the cover, and the distance between the air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 and the air outlet 612 of the cover is not equal. This arrangement, with the air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 located at the air inlet 611 of the cover, divides the air inlet 611 into a structure consisting of two or more small openings, allowing for more uniform airflow intake and reducing eddies and turbulence. The distance between the air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 and the air outlet 612 of the cover is typically expressed as the distance between the closest points of the air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 and the air outlet 612 of the cover, or the distance between the geometric centers of the air inlet of each airflow channel 6131 and the air outlet 612 of the cover.

[0167] The air outlet of each airflow channel 6131 corresponds to the air outlet 612 of the cover, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the air outlets of each airflow channel 6131 are not equal. This alignment ensures that the airflow velocity through the air outlets of each airflow channel 6131 is essentially the same during vacuuming, allowing for different negative pressure suction forces to be achieved by controlling the cross-sectional dimensions of the air outlets. One possible implementation is to align the air outlets of each airflow channel 6131 towards the air outlet of the cover. 612, or the air outlet of each airflow channel 6131 is located at the air outlet 612 of the cover, or the direction of the airflow flowing through the air outlet of each airflow channel 6131 during vacuuming is the same as the direction of the airflow flowing through the air outlet 612 of the cover; the inlet and outlet ends, or the cross-section of the inlet and outlet, usually refers to: a plane with the main flow direction of the airflow flowing through this place as the normal, and the plane obtained by cutting this place; for example: the cross-section of the air outlet 612 of the cover refers to the plane with the main flow direction of the airflow flowing through the air outlet 612 of the cover as the normal, and the plane obtained by cutting the air outlet 612 of the cover.

[0168] The airflow channel 6131 that is farther from the air inlet end than the air outlet 612 of the hood has a larger cross-sectional size at the air outlet end. Thus, when the air outlet 612 of the exhaust air intake hood is connected to negative pressure for dust collection, the airflow channel 6131 that is farther from the air outlet 612 can obtain a greater negative pressure suction force, which can increase the airflow velocity at the air inlet end that is farther from the air outlet 612 and decrease the airflow velocity at the air inlet end that is closer to the air outlet 612, so that the airflow distribution at the air inlet 611 of the hood is more uniform when the exhaust air intake hood is collecting dust.

[0169] The exhaust intake hood 610 is disposed in the lower mounting space, and its intake port 611 at least partially corresponds to the clamp assembly 400.

[0170] The air intake of the negative pressure air source is connected to the air outlet 612 of the exhaust air intake hood through the exhaust pipe 620; the negative pressure air source is an air source device that can generate negative pressure, and it can be of various types, such as: vacuum pump, air pump, air compressor, etc.; the negative pressure air source is mainly used to provide negative pressure suction to remove the smoke and dust generated during laser cutting.

[0171] To further improve the uniformity of airflow at the air inlet 611 of the exhaust intake hood 610 during dust collection, it is preferable to... Figure 17As shown, there are two airflow channels 6131, including a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel located above the first airflow channel; the airflow baffle 614 includes a guide baffle section 6141 and a diversion baffle section 6142 that is smoothly connected to the guide baffle section 6141; the guide baffle section 6141 is located in the inner cavity 613 of the hood directly above the air inlet 611 of the hood, and the guide baffle section 6141 is an inclined plate section with an inclination angle of 30° to 60°.

[0172] Combination Figure 15 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, a simulation analysis of the airflow state inside the exhaust intake shroud 610 with the aforementioned angled baffle section 6141 is performed to visually display the airflow velocity and direction at different positions within the shroud; Figure 18 Analysis shows that the streamlines are sparser at the air inlet 611 than at the air outlet 612, indicating that the airflow velocity is faster at the air outlet 612, mainly due to its smaller cross-sectional size. The streamlines are more evenly distributed at the air inlet 611, indicating a more uniform airflow distribution there. The streamlines at the air inlet 611 are mainly blue, with a few being emerald green, indicating that the airflow represented by each streamline has a relatively consistent velocity at the air inlet 611. In the airflow channel 6131, most streamline curvature changes are smooth and continuous, with a few streamlines exhibiting abrupt changes or sharpening. There is only one closed streamline representing a vortex structure, indicating that the airflow direction change within the airflow channel 6131 is mainly smooth and continuous, with virtually no abrupt eddies or vortices generated, resulting in relatively stable airflow movement and minimal energy loss. It can be seen that, under the diversion effect of the airflow channel 6131 and the guiding effect of the guide baffle section 6141, the distribution of the intake airflow at the air inlet 611 of the cover is relatively uniform, the airflow velocity is relatively consistent, and there are basically no eddies or turbulence. The suction is stable and the energy efficiency is high, which has a good effect on removing smoke and dust in the working cavity of the five-axis laser cutting machine.

[0173] The specific tilt angle of the baffle section 6141 can be controlled according to the actual situation such as the shape of the exhaust air intake hood 610, the shape and size of the air intake 611 of the hood, so as to ensure that the uniformity of the intake airflow at the air intake 611 of the hood reaches the best. Preferably, the tilt angle of the baffle section 6141 is controlled at 45°.

[0174] Preferably, the exhaust hood 610 has a U-shaped opening 615 through which the laser cutting head 510 can pass; the air inlet end of the first airflow channel is located behind the U-shaped opening 615; the side wall of the U-shaped opening 615 divides the air inlet end of the second airflow channel into two, located on the left and right sides of the U-shaped opening 615 respectively. The U-shaped opening 615 not only facilitates the entry and exit of the laser cutting head 510, but also provides good enclosure of the laser cutting head 510, enabling the hood's air inlet 611 to basically cover most of the workpiece, ensuring maximum efficiency in dust extraction and removing most of the dust generated during laser cutting.

[0175] To enhance negative pressure suction, for example... Figure 19 As shown, the exhaust pipe 620 includes a first exhaust pipe 621, a negative pressure chamber 622, and a second exhaust pipe 623 connected in sequence. The inlet end of the first exhaust pipe 621 is connected to the outlet 612 of the cover. The inner diameter of the second exhaust pipe 623 is larger than that of the first exhaust pipe 621, and its outlet end is connected to the suction port of the negative pressure air source. This structure of the exhaust pipe 620, by setting a negative pressure chamber 622 and making the inner diameter of the second exhaust pipe 623 larger than that of the first exhaust pipe 621, creates a velocity difference in the airflow between the first exhaust pipe 621 and the second exhaust pipe 623 during dust collection, resulting in a larger pressure difference within the negative pressure chamber 622, thereby effectively enhancing the negative pressure suction of the first exhaust pipe 621. The negative pressure chamber 622 is typically equipped with structures to facilitate its installation and connection, such as connecting plates, hinges, etc. For ease of installation, inspection, and maintenance, it is preferable to mount the negative pressure chamber 622 onto the casing frame via hinges.

[0176] Based on the above, in order to achieve a better negative pressure suction enhancement effect, the ratio of the inner diameter of the first exhaust pipe 621 to the inner diameter of the second exhaust pipe 623 is usually controlled to be 5 to 7:9. A simulation analysis of the airflow state inside the exhaust pipe 620, which does not have a negative pressure chamber 622 and whose inner diameter remains unchanged, is performed. Figure 20 As shown; from Figure 20 It can be seen that the streamlines are more evenly distributed in the straight pipe section and are lighter in color than in the curved pipe section. This indicates that the airflow is more evenly distributed in the straight pipe section and the airflow velocity is faster in the curved pipe section. Figure 20 The highest airflow velocity in the middle section is 1.673 m / s. Under the same negative pressure suction, a simulation analysis of the airflow state inside the exhaust pipe 620, consisting of a first exhaust pipe 621 with an inner diameter of 40 mm and a second exhaust pipe 623 with an inner diameter of 60 mm and a negative pressure chamber 622, is performed. Figure 21 As shown; combined Figure 19 and Figure 21It can be seen that the streamlines are sparser and lighter in color in the second exhaust pipe 623 than in the first exhaust pipe 621, indicating that the airflow velocity is faster in the first exhaust pipe 621. Figure 21 The highest velocity of the airflow in the middle section was 24.96 m / s, significantly higher than that of the middle section. Figure 20 The example is one order of magnitude larger. It can be seen that, compared to the traditional single-pipe exhaust pipe 620, this structure of exhaust pipe 620 can effectively enhance the negative pressure suction effect within the first exhaust pipe 621, improving the dust collection effect.

[0177] To prevent smoke and dust from clogging the negative pressure air source, the exhaust system typically also includes an air purifier installed on the exhaust duct 620. The air purifier is usually installed on the second exhaust duct 623.

Claims

1. A five-axis laser cutting machine, comprising a machine housing (100), a control system, a five-axis motion module (300) and a clamp assembly (400); a bottom plate of the machine housing (100) is a base plate (110), a top surface of the base plate (110) is a mounting base surface (111), a longitudinal direction of the mounting base surface (111) is a Y-axis direction, a transverse direction thereof is an X-axis direction, and a normal direction thereof is a Z-axis direction; the control system is electrically connected with the five-axis motion module (300); the five-axis motion module (300) comprises a Y-axis assembly (310), an X-axis assembly (320), a rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330), a rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340) and a Z-axis assembly (350); the Y-axis assembly (310) is arranged on the mounting base surface (111), and a driving part of the Y-axis assembly (310) is movable along the Y-axis direction; the X-axis assembly (320) is arranged on the driving part of the Y-axis assembly (310), and a driving part of the X-axis assembly (320) is movable along the X-axis direction; characterized in that further comprising an optical module (500), a gas blowing system and an exhaust system (600); an inner cavity of the machine housing (100) comprises an upper mounting space and a lower mounting space, the mounting base surface (111) is a bottom surface of the lower mounting space, and the Y-axis assembly (310) and the X-axis assembly (320) are both arranged in the lower mounting space; the rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330) is arranged on the driving part of the X-axis assembly (320), and a driving part of the rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330) is rotatable about the Y-axis direction; the rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340) is arranged on the driving part of the rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330), a driving part of the rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340) is rotatable about the Z-axis direction, and a clamp mounting part (3421) is arranged on the driving part of the rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340); the Z-axis assembly (350) is arranged in the upper mounting space, a laser head mounting part (3561) is arranged on a driving part of the Z-axis assembly (350), and the driving part of the Z-axis assembly (350) is movable along the Z-axis direction; the clamp assembly (400) is arranged at the clamp mounting part (3421), and is movable to a position directly below the laser head mounting part (3561) under the cooperative driving action of the Y-axis assembly (310), the X-axis assembly (320), the rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330) and the rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340); the optical module (500) comprises a laser cutting head (510), a laser (520) and an optical path assembly (530); the laser cutting head (510) is arranged at the laser head mounting part (3561), and is movable along the Z-axis direction under the driving action of the Z-axis assembly (350), so that a cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head (510) extends into a position corresponding to the clamp assembly (400) in the lower mounting space; the laser (520) is arranged in the upper mounting space and is electrically connected with the control system, and an emitting part of the laser (520) is in optical path communication with an incident part of the laser cutting head (510) through the optical path assembly (530); the gas blowing system comprises a gas nozzle arranged on the laser cutting head (510) and a positive pressure gas source in gas path communication with the gas nozzle. The exhaust system (600) comprises an exhaust air inlet cover (610), an exhaust air duct (620) and a negative pressure air source; The bottom of the exhaust air inlet cover (610) is provided with a cover air inlet (611), the side is provided with a cover air outlet (612), and the inside is provided with a cover inner cavity (613) communicating the cover air inlet (611) with the cover air outlet (612); the cover air inlet (611) is used for inhaling the airflow with smoke dust; the airflow baffle (614) is arranged in the cover inner cavity (613), and the cover inner cavity (613) is divided into at least two airflow channels (6131) by the airflow baffle (614); the air inlet end of each airflow channel (6131) is located at the cover air inlet (611), and the distance between the air inlet end of each airflow channel (6131) and the cover air outlet (612) is not equal; the air outlet end of each airflow channel (6131) corresponds to the cover air outlet (612), and the cross-sectional size of the air outlet end of each airflow channel (6131) is not equal; the farther the air outlet end of the airflow channel (6131) from the cover air outlet (612), the larger the cross-sectional size of the air outlet end; The exhaust air inlet cover (610) is arranged in the lower installation space, and the cover air inlet (611) thereof at least partially corresponds to the clamp assembly (400); The air suction port of the negative pressure air source is communicated with the cover air outlet (612) of the exhaust air inlet cover through the exhaust air duct (620); The exhaust air duct (620) comprises a first exhaust air pipe (621), a negative pressure chamber (622) and a second exhaust air pipe (623) communicated in sequence; The air inlet end of the first exhaust air pipe (621) is connected with the cover air outlet (612); The air outlet end of the second exhaust air pipe (623) is connected with the air suction port of the negative pressure air source; The ratio of the inner diameter of the first exhaust air pipe (621) to the inner diameter of the second exhaust air pipe (623) is 5-7:

9.

2. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: The upper installation space and the lower installation space are separated by the first transverse partition plate (120) in the inner cavity of the cabinet (100); The upper installation space is provided with a vertical partition plate (130), and the vertical partition plate (130) separates the upper installation space into a first electric appliance cavity and an upper second space; The upper second space is provided with a second transverse partition plate (140), and the second transverse partition plate (140) separates the upper second space into a second electric appliance cavity and an optical component cavity located on the upper side of the second electric appliance cavity; The control system comprises a motor drive board and a main controller arranged in the first electric appliance cavity, and a circuit controller (210) arranged in the second electric appliance cavity; The laser (520) is arranged in the optical component cavity.

3. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: The Y-axis assembly (310) comprises a Y-axis guide rail (311) arranged on the mounting base surface (111) along the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis guide rail slider (312) slidably arranged on the Y-axis guide rail (311), a Y-axis screw rod (313) rotatably arranged on the mounting base surface (111) and parallel to the Y-axis guide rail (311), a Y-axis nut seat (315) threadedly connected to the Y-axis screw rod (313) through a Y-axis nut (314), and a Y-axis motor (316) arranged on the mounting base surface (111) and in driving connection with the Y-axis screw rod (313); The X-axis assembly (320) comprises an X-axis mounting plate (321) arranged on the Y-axis guide rail slider (312) and fixedly connected with the Y-axis nut seat (315), an X-axis guide rail (322) arranged on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate (321) along the X-axis direction, an X-axis guide rail slider (323) slidably arranged on the X-axis guide rail (322), an X-axis screw rod (324) rotatably arranged on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate (321) and parallel to the X-axis guide rail (322), an X-axis nut seat (326) threadedly connected to the X-axis screw rod (324) through an X-axis nut (325), and an X-axis motor (327) arranged on the X-axis mounting plate (321) and in driving connection with the X-axis screw rod (324); The rotating shaft A-axis assembly (330) comprises an A-axis mounting plate (331) arranged on the X-axis guide rail slider (323) and fixedly connected with the X-axis nut seat (326), an A-axis support plate (332) arranged on the A-axis mounting plate (331), an A-axis driving plate (333) rotatably arranged on the A-axis support plate (332), and an A-axis motor (334) arranged on the A-axis support plate (332) and in driving connection with the A-axis driving plate (333); the rotation center line of the A-axis driving plate (333) is distributed along the Y-axis direction; The rotating shaft B-axis assembly (340) comprises a B-axis mounting seat (341) arranged on the A-axis driving plate (333), a B-axis driving member (342) rotatably arranged on the B-axis mounting seat (341), and a B-axis motor (343) arranged on the B-axis mounting seat (341) and in driving connection with the B-axis driving member (342); the rotation center line of the B-axis driving member (342) is distributed along the Z-axis direction, and the clamp mounting portion (3421) is arranged on the B-axis driving member (342); The Z-axis assembly (350) comprises a Z-axis mounting plate (351) arranged on the upper side of the mounting base (111), a Z-axis guide rail (352) arranged on the Z-axis mounting plate (351) in the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis guide rail slider (353) slidably arranged on the Z-axis guide rail (352), a Z-axis screw rod (354) rotatably arranged on the Z-axis mounting plate (351) and parallel to the Z-axis guide rail (352), a Z-axis nut seat (356) threadedly connected to the Z-axis screw rod (354) through a Z-axis nut (355) and fixedly connected with the Z-axis guide rail slider (353), and a Z-axis motor (357) arranged on the Z-axis mounting plate (351) and drivingly connected with the Z-axis screw rod (354); the laser head mounting portion (3561) is arranged on the Z-axis guide rail slider (353) and / or the Z-axis nut seat (356).

4. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: The clamp assembly (400) is a dental mold fixing seat, which comprises a fixing seat body (410) and a buckle component (420); The fixing seat body (410) is arranged at the clamp mounting portion (3421) and is provided with a dental mold positioning portion for positioning cooperation with a dental mold; the fixing seat body (410) is further provided with at least three buckle mounting positions, each of which is provided with a group of buckle components (420), and the buckle positions of at least three groups of buckle components (420) are not distributed along the same straight line; The buckle component (420) comprises a buckle member (421) and a reset member; The buckle member (421) is movably mounted at the buckle mounting position, and a buckle portion (4211) thereof penetrates out from the top surface of the fixing seat body (410); the buckle member (421) has a locking position, and when it is in the locking position, the position of the buckle portion (4211) is the buckle position of the buckle component (420); the buckle member (421) can leave the locking position under the action of an external force, so that the dental mold can be positioned and cooperated with the dental mold positioning portion; The reset member is arranged on the fixing seat body (410) and can reset the buckle member (421) that leaves the locking position to the locking position when there is no external force acting on the buckle member (421), and can lock and fix the dental mold that is positioned and cooperated on the dental mold positioning portion.

5. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 4, wherein: The fixing seat body (410) comprises a base (411) and a seat cover (412) arranged on the upper side of the base (411); The buckle mounting position comprises a buckle groove (4121) opened in the top of the base (411) and / or the bottom of the seat cover (412), and a buckle via hole (4122) opened in the seat cover (412) and communicated with the buckle groove (4121); The buckle portion (4211) penetrates through the buckle via hole (4122); A spring hole (4124) is opened in the part of the fixing seat body (410) close to the inner end of the buckle groove (4121), the reset member is a spring (422) arranged in the spring hole (4124), and the two ends of the spring (422) respectively abut against the inner end surface of the spring hole (4124) and the inner side surface of the buckle member (421); A push rod through hole (4125) is arranged at the part of the fixed seat body (410) close to the outer end of the buckle slot (4121), and the push rod through hole (4125) communicates the buckle slot (4121) with the outside.

6. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: The light path assembly (530) comprises an indicating light module (531), a beam combining module (532), a reflecting module (533) and a beam expanding module (534). The indicating light module (531) comprises an indicating light generator (5311). The beam combining module (532) comprises a beam combining mirror (5321) for combining the laser beam emitted by the laser (520) and the indicating light beam emitted by the indicating light generator (5311) into one light beam. The reflecting module (533) comprises a reflecting mirror (5332), and the light entrance part of the reflecting mirror (5332) corresponds to the light exit part of the beam combining mirror (5321). The beam expanding module (534) comprises a beam expanding mirror (5342), and the light entrance part of the beam expanding mirror (5342) corresponds to the light reflecting part of the reflecting mirror (5332). The light entrance part of the laser cutting head (510) corresponds to the light exit part of the beam expanding mirror (5342).

7. The five-axis laser cutting machine of claim 6, wherein: The indicating light module (531) further comprises an indicating light adjusting frame, which comprises a first indicating light adjusting plate (5312), a second indicating light adjusting plate (5313) and an indicating light adjusting structure. The first indicating light adjusting plate (5312) is arranged in space from the second indicating light adjusting plate (5313). The second indicating light adjusting plate (5313) is provided with an indicating light generator through hole (5314). The indicating light adjusting structure comprises at least three indicating light adjusting rods (5315) with different axial lines not in the same plane, which are connected with the first indicating light adjusting plate (5312) and the second indicating light adjusting plate (5313) respectively and can adjust the relative distance of each connection part thereon. The indicating light generator (5311) is fixedly installed on the first indicating light adjusting plate (5312), and the light exit part thereof passes through the indicating light generator through hole (5314) and is directed to the indicating light entrance part of the beam combining mirror (5321); and an adjusting gap exists between the indicating light generator (5311) and the hole wall of the indicating light generator through hole (5314).

8. The five-axis laser cutting machine of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The airflow channel (6131) is two, comprising a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel above the first airflow channel. The airflow partition plate (614) comprises a flow guide partition plate segment (6141) and a flow distribution partition plate segment (6142) which is smoothly and transitionally connected with the flow guide partition plate segment (6141); the flow guide partition plate segment (6141) is in the cover inner cavity (613) directly above the cover air inlet (611), and the flow guide partition plate segment (6141) is an inclined plate segment with an inclination angle of 30°-60°. The exhaust air inlet cover (610) is provided with a "U"-shaped port (615) through which the laser cutting head (510) passes; The air inlet end of the first airflow channel is located at the rear side of the "U"-shaped port (615). The side walls of the "U"-shaped opening (615) divide the air inlet end of the second air flow channel into two and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the "U"-shaped opening (615).

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