Composite microbial fertilizer and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of composite microbial fertilizers, and discloses a composite microbial fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention contains bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element adjuvant and microbial functional bacteria; wherein, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the bone calcium mud is 30-55wt%, and the content of the furfural residue is 5-15wt% on a dry basis; based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the nutrient element adjuvant makes the content of the nutrient element in the composite microbial fertilizer be 15-40wt% on a dry basis; wherein, the content of the microbial functional bacteria is that the number of viable bacteria is ≥ 20 million / gram of fertilizer. The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention has a short production cycle, is environmentally friendly and safe, can reduce financial costs, will not cause physical seedling burning, and the components of the composite microbial fertilizer have a synergistic effect, and can effectively prevent and control some crop diseases while increasing crop yields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of compound microbial fertilizers, and in particular to a compound microbial fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's facility agriculture, healthy agriculture and green agriculture, research, development and production of low-cost, high-efficiency and multifunctional refined compound microbial fertilizers will become the key direction of the future development of the fertilizer industry.

[0003] Compound microbial fertilizer refers to "a living microbial product composed of specific microorganisms and nutrients that can provide, maintain or improve plant nutrition, increase agricultural product yield or improve agricultural product quality". At present, the application of gelatin waste (i.e., bone calcium mud) in compound microbial fertilizer is still dominated by the classic "chemical plant nutrition", and all compound microbial fertilizers are produced by conventional high-temperature fermentation production methods.

[0004] However, the compound microbial fertilizer produced by converting fresh bone calcium mud into bone calcium mud fermentation products by conventional high temperature fermentation has problems such as long production cycle, high financial cost, serious odor pollution, low environmental protection coefficient, and difficulty in controlling the degree of maturity. In addition, the fertilizer efficiency of the compound microbial fertilizer prepared by conventional high temperature fermentation with bone calcium mud as the main raw material needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems that the composite microbial fertilizer containing bone calcium mud in the prior art needs to be prepared through conventional high-temperature fermentation, and has a long production cycle, high cost, low fertilizer efficiency, no environmental protection, and difficulty in mastering the degree of maturity, and to provide a composite microbial fertilizer, a preparation method and its application. The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention has good fertilizer efficiency and low cost, and can increase crop yield and improve the quality of agricultural products in agricultural production; the preparation method of the present invention produces composite microbial fertilizers in a short time, with low energy consumption, environmental safety, low production cost, and significant economic benefits. The preparation method of the present invention breaks the traditional concept of producing composite microbial fertilizers from bone calcium mud, and provides a new way for the development and production of low-cost, high-fertilizer efficiency, and refined high-end fertilizers from bone calcium mud.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a composite microbial fertilizer on one hand, which contains bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and microbial functional bacteria;

[0007] Wherein, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the bone calcium mud is 30-55wt%, and the content of the furfural residue is 5-15wt% on a dry basis;

[0008] Based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the nutrient element adjuvant is such that the content of the nutrient element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 15-40wt% on a dry basis;

[0009] Among them, the content of microbial functional bacteria is that the number of live bacteria is ≥ 20 million / gram of fertilizer.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned composite microbial fertilizer, the method comprising: mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microbial agents.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned composite microbial fertilizer in agricultural production.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, specifically, the technical effects obtained by the present invention are:

[0013] 1. Shortened production cycle: The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention does not require fermentation during the preparation process and can be produced quickly. It only takes 3-5 days to complete the entire production process from preparation to packaging, and the production cycle can be greatly shortened.

[0014] 2. Environmental protection and safety: The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention does not require fermentation during the preparation process, and there is no high-temperature fermentation link. During the production process, no unpleasant gases such as H2S, NO, NH3, etc. are generated, no harm is caused to the operators, and no pollution is caused to the atmospheric environment, so it is environmentally friendly and safe.

[0015] 3. Reduce financial costs: The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention does not require fermentation during the preparation process, which can reduce costs.

[0016] 5. The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention will not cause "physical seedling burn" to crops when applied to the soil; and the composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention can increase the yield of crops compared to conventional high-temperature fermented composite microbial fertilizers.

[0017] 6. The components of the composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention have synergistic effects, which can effectively prevent and control some crop diseases while increasing crop yields.

[0018] 7. Preferably, the composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention contains, in addition to the prescribed organic matter, macroelements, and microbial functional bacteria, rich trace elements such as biological calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and boron; the components have a synergistic effect, which can further improve the disease resistance and yield of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0020] The first aspect of the present invention provides a composite microbial fertilizer, which contains bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and microbial functional bacteria;

[0021] Wherein, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the bone calcium mud is 30-55wt%, and the content of the furfural residue is 5-15wt% on a dry basis;

[0022] Based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the nutrient element adjuvant is such that the content of the nutrient element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 15-40wt% on a dry basis;

[0023] Among them, the content of microbial functional bacteria is that the number of live bacteria is ≥ 20 million / gram of fertilizer.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nutrient element in the nutrient element additive is at least one of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and boron. When the nutrient element in the nutrient element additive is phosphorus, the content of the nutrient element additive is calculated as P2O5; when the nutrient element in the nutrient element additive is potassium, the content of the nutrient element additive is calculated as K2O.

[0025] In the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the content of the nutrient element adjuvant is such that the content of the nutrient element in the composite microbial fertilizer can be any one of 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%, 26wt%, 27wt%, 28wt%, 29wt%, 30wt%, 31wt%, 32wt%, 33wt%, 34wt%, 35wt%, 36wt%, 37wt%, 38wt%, 39wt%, 40wt% or a numerical value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nutrient element adjuvant is at least one of urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium borate. Wherein, the monoammonium phosphate can be used as a phosphorus source or a nitrogen source. When monoammonium phosphate is used as a phosphorus source, the content of the monoammonium phosphate can be 8-12wt% on a dry basis based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer.

[0027] In the present invention, there is no special requirement for the urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium borate, as long as they meet the national agricultural grade standards.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of nitrogen source added is such that the N content in the composite microbial fertilizer is 6.5-12wt%, the amount of phosphorus source added is such that the phosphorus content in the composite microbial fertilizer as P2O5 is 4-11wt%, the amount of potassium source added is such that the potassium content in the composite microbial fertilizer as K2O is 5-8.5wt%, the amount of iron source added is such that the Fe content in the composite microbial fertilizer is 1.2-3.5wt%, the amount of zinc source added is such that the Zn content in the composite microbial fertilizer is 0.8-2.5wt%, and the amount of boron source added is such that the B content in the composite microbial fertilizer is 0.3-0.5wt%.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of nitrogen source added makes the N content in the composite microbial fertilizer can be any one of 6.5wt%, 7wt%, 7.5wt%, 8wt%, 8.5wt%, 9wt%, 9.5wt%, 10wt%, 10.5wt%, 11wt%, 11.5wt%, 12wt% or a value within the range composed of any two of the above values.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the amount of phosphorus source added is such that the phosphorus content in the composite microbial fertilizer as P2O5 can be any one of 4wt%, 4.5wt%, 5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%, 6.5wt%, 7wt%, 7.5wt%, 8wt%, 8.5wt%, 9wt%, 9.5wt%, 10wt%, 10.5wt%, 11wt% or a value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the amount of potassium source added is such that the potassium content in the composite microbial fertilizer as K2O can be any one of 5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%, 6.5wt%, 7wt%, 7.5wt%, 8wt%, 8.5wt%, or a value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of iron source added makes the Fe content in the composite microbial fertilizer be any one of 1.2wt%, 1.5wt%, 1.7wt%, 2wt%, 2.2wt%, 2.5wt%, 2.7wt%, 3wt%, 3.2wt%, 3.5wt% or a value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of zinc source added makes the Zn content in the composite microbial fertilizer be any one of 0.8wt%, 1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.5wt%, 1.7wt%, 2wt%, 2.2wt%, 2.5wt%, or a value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of boron source added makes the content of B in the composite microbial fertilizer be any one of 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt% or a value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the amount of nitrogen source added makes the N content in the composite microbial fertilizer be 6.5-10.2wt%, the amount of phosphorus source added makes the phosphorus content in the composite microbial fertilizer in terms of P2O5 be 4-10wt%, the amount of potassium source added makes the potassium content in the composite microbial fertilizer in terms of K2O be 5-7.5wt%, the amount of iron source added makes the Fe content in the composite microbial fertilizer be 1.2-1.5wt%, the amount of zinc source added makes the Zn content in the composite microbial fertilizer be 0.8-1.2wt%, and the amount of boron source added makes the B content in the composite microbial fertilizer be 0.3-0.5wt%.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fertilizer contains bone calcium mud, furfural residue, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax and microbial functional bacteria;

[0037] Based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, on a dry basis, the content of bone calcium mud is 30-55wt%, the content of furfural residue is 5-15wt%, the content of urea is 10-20wt%, the content of potassium sulfate is 10-15wt%, the content of monoammonium phosphate is 8-12wt%, the content of ferrous sulfate is 6-8wt%, the content of zinc sulfate is 4-6wt%, and the content of borax is 2-4wt%;

[0038] The content of microbial functional bacteria is ≥ 20 million live bacteria per gram of fertilizer.

[0039] In the present invention, the "bone calcium mud" refers to a mixed precipitate containing bone scraps (or fine powder), animal fats, calcium phosphate crystals (including other phosphates), fat saponification products, and animal collagen, preferably a product obtained by dehydrating the mixed precipitate containing bone scraps (or fine powder), animal fats, calcium phosphate crystals (including other phosphates), fat saponification products, and animal collagen produced by each process of extracting gelatin using an alkali method. That is, bone calcium mud is obtained by dehydrating animal bones by high temperature, high acid, and high alkali treatment during the production of bone gelatin. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the "bone calcium mud" refers to fresh bone calcium mud, that is, unfermented bone calcium mud.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water content of the bone calcium paste is 50-55wt%.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bone calcium paste has an organic matter content of ≥52 wt % on a dry basis.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, on a dry basis, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the bone calcium paste is ≥9.5wt%; wherein the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium refers to the sum of the N content, the phosphorus content calculated as P2O5 and the potassium content calculated as K2O (also expressed as "total nutrients" or "N+P2O5+K2O").

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of phosphorus in the bone calcium paste as P2O5 is ≥ 8 wt % on a dry basis;

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nitrogen content in the bone calcium paste is ≥ 2 wt % on a dry basis.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calcium content in the bone calcium paste is ≥ 11 wt % on a dry basis.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the magnesium content in the bone calcium paste is ≥ 5.46 wt % on a dry basis.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pH value of the bone calcium paste is 8.3-9.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the bone calcium paste meets the requirements shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051] In the present invention, the furfural residue refers to the by-product discharged during the furfural extraction process after corn cobs are cooked and decomposed under high temperature and high pressure for a long time in the presence of sulfuric acid.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the furfural residue contains organic matter, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and free acid. Based on the total weight of the furfural residue, the content of the organic matter is 74-76wt%, the content of the humic acid is 11.4-11.6wt%, the content of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2-2.3wt%, the content of the free acid is 1.2-1.3wt%, and the rest is water and other components that do not affect the fertilizer effect of the composite microbial fertilizer. Among them, the free acid is mainly free sulfuric acid. Among them, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium refers to the sum of the N content, the phosphorus content calculated as P2O5 and the potassium content calculated as K2O.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pH of the furfural residue is 2.9-3.2.

[0054] In the present invention, the furfural residue can be purchased from a manufacturer that sells furfural residue on the market.

[0055] In the present invention, the functional microorganisms are microorganisms that can further improve the soil ecological environment when applied. In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional microorganisms are photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation-based filamentous bacteria and Bacillus.

[0056] In the present invention, the dosage of the photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation system filamentous bacteria and bacillus can be selected conventionally in the art, as long as the provisions on the effective viable count in NYT 798-2015 are met. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the microbial functional bacteria are microbial functional bacterial agents, and the microbial functional bacterial agents contain photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation system filamentous bacteria and bacillus, and the effective viable count is 50 billion to 100 billion per gram. Further preferably, the microbial functional bacterial agent is a powder.

[0057] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned composite microbial fertilizer, the method comprising: mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microbial agents.

[0058] In the present invention, the types and contents of the bone calcium paste, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microorganisms are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method comprises:

[0060] (1) mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microorganisms and granulating to obtain a granular material;

[0061] (2) Drying the granular material to obtain the composite microbial fertilizer.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the microbial functional bacteria are used in the form of a bacterial agent. In some embodiments of the present invention, the microbial functional bacterial agent is a BMC high-activity composite bacterial agent (Hubei Wuerli Bioengineering Co., Ltd.), which complies with the implementation standard GB20287-2006, contains photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation filamentous bacteria, and Bacillus, and is in the form of a powder. According to its effective viable count, it is divided into a BMC high-activity composite bacterial agent with an effective viable count of 50 billion cfu / gram or a BMC high-activity composite bacterial agent with an effective viable count of 100 billion cfu / gram.

[0063] In the present invention, the particle size of the granular material can be selected according to conventional methods in the art. Preferably, the particle size of the granular material is 2.0-4.0 mm.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), the drying conditions are such that the moisture content of the granular material is ≤30wt%.

[0065] In the present invention, granulation can be carried out by conventional methods in the art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] In the present invention, the drying may be performed by conventional techniques in the art, such as oven drying.

[0067] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned composite microbial fertilizer in agricultural production.

[0068] The inventors of the present invention have found that the use of the fertilizer of the present invention, especially in continuous cropping of crops, has a good control effect on a variety of non-infectious plant diseases (plant physiological diseases) and a variety of infectious plant diseases (plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses). Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the application is an application in the prevention and control of plant diseases (especially root rot diseases after continuous cropping of various crops). Further preferably, the plant disease is a non-infectious plant disease and / or an infectious plant disease. Among them, the non-infectious plant disease is a plant physiological disease, and the infectious plant disease is a plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses.

[0069] In the prior art, a common method for solving the problem of Astragalus continuous cropping disease is through crop rotation. However, since the crop rotation planting cycle of Astragalus is relatively long, often up to 7-8 years, the crop rotation method cannot effectively solve the problem of Astragalus continuous cropping disease.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the application is to prevent and control root rot diseases after continuous cropping of crops. The fertilizer of the present invention can effectively reduce continuous cropping diseases of Astragalus such as root rot, red heart disease, and numb mouth disease without crop rotation.

[0071] The composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers used in field production and improve crop yield and quality. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the application is to improve crop yield.

[0072] In the present invention, the application may be to crops commonly found in the art, such as fruit trees, vegetables, Chinese medicinal materials, etc. Preferably, the crops are kiwi fruit, pepper, astragalus, etc.

[0073] The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used can be obtained commercially. Among them, ferrous sulfate, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, and borax all meet national agricultural grade standards.

[0074] The furfural residue was purchased from a furfural manufacturer; based on the total weight of the furfural residue, the furfural residue contained 76wt% of organic matter, 11.5wt% of humic acid, 2.1wt% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1.27wt% of free acid, and the rest was water and other components that did not affect the fertilizer effect of the compound microbial fertilizer, and the pH value was 3. The organic matter content and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the furfural residue were measured with reference to the NY525-2012 method, the humic acid content was measured with reference to HG / T5332-2018, and the free acid content was measured with reference to SNT0736.10-2013.

[0075] The microbial composting agent is the "organic material composting agent" of Jining Jinyijun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which is a compound of Bacillus, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. It meets the implementation standard NY1109-2006, and the effective live bacteria are ≥20 billion / gram.

[0076] The microbial functional agent is the BMC high-activity composite bacteria of Hubei Wuli Bioengineering Co., Ltd., which contains photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation filamentous bacteria, and Bacillus, and complies with the implementation standard GB20287-2006. The effective live bacteria count = 50 billion cfu / g.

[0077] Bone calcium mud is obtained by filtering and dehydrating the intermediate waste generated in the production process of bone gelatin, and its water content is 50%. Bone calcium mud meets the index requirements shown in Table 1.

[0078] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all methods used are conventional methods in the art.

[0079] The effective live bacteria count, organic matter (on a dry basis), total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) (on a dry basis), water mass fraction, pH value, total cadmium, total lead, total chromium, total mercury, total arsenic, fecal coliform count and ascaris egg mortality rate of compound microbial fertilizers were tested according to the methods specified in the Agricultural Industry Standard NYT 798-2015 of the People's Republic of China.

[0080] In the examples and comparative examples, the granulated material was granulated to have a particle size of 2.0-4.0 mm.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of composite microbial fertilizer A1 according to the method of the present invention.

[0083] (1) Components: Based on the total weight of the components other than the microbial functional agent, on a dry basis, the amount of bone calcium paste is 38wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 12wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 12wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 7wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 5wt%, and the amount of borax is 3wt%;

[0084] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional agent, the amount of the microbial functional agent added is 0.002 parts by weight;

[0085] (2) mixing and granulating the components in step (1) to obtain a granular material;

[0086] (3) Drying the granular material to a moisture content of ≤30 wt % to obtain composite microbial fertilizer A1.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of composite microbial fertilizer A2 according to the method of the present invention.

[0089] (1) Components: Based on the total weight of the components other than the microbial functional agent, the amount of bone calcium paste is 35wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 15wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 13wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 10wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 6wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 4wt%, and the amount of borax is 2wt%;

[0090] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional agent, the amount of the microbial functional agent is 0.003 parts by weight;

[0091] (2) mixing and granulating the components in step (1) to obtain a granular material;

[0092] (3) Drying the obtained granules to a moisture content of ≤30wt% to obtain the composite microbial fertilizer A2.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of composite microbial fertilizer A3 according to the method of the present invention.

[0095] (1) Components: Based on the total weight of the components other than the microbial functional agent, the amount of bone calcium paste is 55wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 5wt%, the amount of urea is 10wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 10wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 6wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 4wt%, and the amount of borax is 2wt%;

[0096] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional agent, the amount of the microbial functional agent is 0.003 parts by weight;

[0097] (2) mixing and granulating the components in step (1) to obtain a granular material;

[0098] (3) Drying the obtained granules to a moisture content of ≤30wt% to obtain the composite microbial fertilizer A3.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of compound microbial fertilizer DA1 using a conventional high-temperature fermentation method.

[0101] Components: based on the total weight of the components except the microbial functional bacteria agent and the microbial decomposition bacteria agent, the amount of bone calcium mud is 38wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 12wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 12wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 7wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 5wt%, and the amount of borax is 3wt%;

[0102] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent and the microbial decomposition bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria agent is 0.002 part by weight, and the amount of the microbial decomposition bacteria agent is 0.0002 part by weight.

[0103] (1) Mixing bone calcium mud and furfural residue with a microbial decomposition agent to obtain a mixed material, and aerobic fermentation of the mixed material. The conditions for aerobic fermentation are: the water content of the mixed material is controlled at 50-55wt%, and the ventilation volume is 15-20m 3 / ton / day; when the temperature does not exceed 70℃, turn the pile every three days; when the temperature exceeds 70℃, turn the pile once a day. When the fermentation turns brown or dark brown, and the fermented product produces white mycelium colonies visible to the naked eye (25-30 days), the fermented product is obtained;

[0104] (2) mixing the fermented product obtained in step (1) with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, and a microbial functional agent to obtain a granular material;

[0105] (3) Drying the granular material to a moisture content of ≤30 wt % to obtain composite microbial fertilizer DA1.

[0106] Comparative Example 2

[0107] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of composite microbial fertilizer DA2 using a conventional high-temperature fermentation method.

[0108] Components: based on the total weight of the components except the microbial functional bacteria agent and the microbial decomposition bacteria agent, the amount of bone calcium mud is 35wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 15%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 13wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 10wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 6wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 4wt%, and the amount of borax is 2wt%;

[0109] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent and the microbial decomposition bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria agent is 0.003 part by weight, and the amount of the microbial decomposition bacteria agent is 0.0002 part by weight.

[0110] (1) Mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue and microbial decomposition agent to obtain a mixed material, and aerobic fermenting the mixed material. The conditions for aerobic fermentation are: the water content of the mixed material is controlled at 50-55wt%, and the ventilation volume is 15-20m 3 / ton / day; when the temperature does not exceed 70℃, turn the pile every three days; when the temperature exceeds 70℃, turn the pile once a day. When the fermentation turns brown or dark brown, and the fermented product produces white mycelium colonies visible to the naked eye (25-30 days), the fermented product is obtained;

[0111] (2) mixing the fermented product obtained in step (1) with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, and a microbial functional agent to obtain a granular material;

[0112] (3) Drying the granular material to a moisture content of ≤30wt% to obtain a composite microbial fertilizer.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of composite microbial fertilizer DA3 using a conventional high-temperature fermentation method.

[0115] Components: based on the total weight of the components except the microbial functional bacterial agent, the amount of bone calcium paste is 55wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 5wt%, the amount of urea is 10wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 10wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 8wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 6wt%, and the amount of borax is 2wt%;

[0116] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent and the microbial decomposition bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria agent is 0.003 part by weight, and the amount of the microbial decomposition bacteria agent is 0.0002 part by weight.

[0117] (1) Mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue and microbial decomposition agent to obtain a mixed material, and aerobic fermenting the mixed material. The conditions for aerobic fermentation are: the water content of the mixed material is controlled at 50-55wt%, and the ventilation volume is 15-20m 3 / ton / day; when the temperature does not exceed 70℃, turn the pile every three days; when the temperature exceeds 70℃, turn the pile once a day. When the fermentation turns brown or dark brown, and the fermented product produces white mycelium colonies visible to the naked eye (25-30 days), the fermented product is obtained;

[0118] (2) mixing the fermented product obtained in step (1) with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, and a microbial functional agent to obtain a granular material;

[0119] (3) Drying the granular material to a moisture content of ≤30 wt % to obtain composite microbial fertilizer DA3.

[0120] Comparative Example 4

[0121] The composite microbial fertilizer DA4 prepared according to the method of Example 1 is different in that its components are as follows: based on the total weight of the components other than the microbial functional agent, the amount of furfural residue is 50wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 12wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 7wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 5wt%, and the amount of borax is 3wt%;

[0122] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria is 0.002 parts by weight.

[0123] Comparative Example 5

[0124] The composite microbial fertilizer DA4 prepared according to the method of Example 1 is different in that its components are: based on the total weight of the components except the microbial functional bacteria agent, the amount of bone calcium paste is 50wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 12wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 7wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 5wt%, and the amount of borax is 3wt%;

[0125] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria is 0.002 parts by weight.

[0126] Comparative Example 6

[0127] The composite microbial fertilizer DA4 prepared according to the method of Example 1 is different in that its components are: based on the total weight of the components other than the microbial functional bacteria agent, the amount of bone calcium mud is 20wt%, the amount of furfural residue is 30wt%, the amount of urea is 15wt%, the amount of potassium sulfate is 12wt%, the amount of monoammonium phosphate is 8wt%, the amount of ferrous sulfate is 7wt%, the amount of zinc sulfate is 5wt%, and the amount of borax is 3wt%;

[0128] Relative to 1 part by weight of other components except the microbial functional bacteria agent, the amount of the microbial functional bacteria is 0.002 parts by weight.

[0129] Test Example 1

[0130] This test example is used to detect the technical indicators of compound microbial fertilizer.

[0131] The composite microbial fertilizers prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested according to the technical indicators specified in the agricultural industry standard NYT798-2015 of the People's Republic of China, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0132] Table 2

[0133]

[0134] Table 2 (continued)

[0135]

[0136] It can be seen from Table 2 that the organic matter mass fraction (on a dry basis) of the composite microbial fertilizer prepared by the method of the present invention is increased by an average of 12.0% (i.e., the average increase value) compared with the composite microbial fertilizer prepared by a conventional high-temperature fermentation method. The average increase value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0137] [(A1+A2+A3) / 3]-[(DA1+DA2+DA3) / 3]=W,

[0138] W / [(DA1+DA2+DA3) / 3]=average improvement.

[0139] Test Example 2

[0140] This test example is used to detect the limit indicators of compound microbial fertilizers.

[0141] The composite microbial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment was tested according to the limit indicators specified in NYT 798-2015. The results showed that the total cadmium, total lead, total chromium, total mercury, total arsenic, fecal coliform count and ascaris egg mortality rate of the composite microbial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment all met the limit indicator requirements specified in NYT 798-2015.

[0142] Test Example 3

[0143] This test example is used to illustrate the fertilizer effect of compound microbial fertilizer.

[0144] In order to verify the compound produced by the technical method of the present invention, a field fertilizer efficiency comparison test was carried out using compound microbial fertilizers A1 and DA1 in kiwi fruit field production in Xiasanqing Village, Louguan Town, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province.

[0145] Test period: March 9, 2021 - September 20, 2021

[0146] Test location: Xiasanqing Village, Louguan Town, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province

[0147] Test crop: Kiwi fruit, variety: Cuixiang

[0148] Landform type: Secondary river terrace

[0149] Soil type and soil texture: calcareous soil; medium soil

[0150] Test area: Total area 2.2 mu, divided into 2 small areas, each area 1.1 mu

[0151] Experimental treatment: Compound microbial fertilizer A1 and compound microbial fertilizer DA1 were applied to two plots respectively, with treatment numbers 1 and 2 respectively (No. 2 was applied with DA1 as the control); among them, the application amount of compound microbial fertilizer was 80kg / mu, the application method was topdressing, and the fertilization time was March 9, 2021.

[0152] Basal fertilizer: On September 20, 2021, kiwifruit was applied with the following basal fertilizers in two plots: 500 kg / mu of sheep manure + 25 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (15-15-15, i.e. the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15).

[0153] On July 10 and 17, 2021, 0.50wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.3-0.5wt% urea solution + 0.5wt% calcium nitrate were sprayed on the leaves twice.

[0154] After the kiwifruit matured on September 19, 2021, the yields of Plot 1 and Plot 2 were compared, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0155] Table 3

[0156] Processing number Yield (kg / mu) 1 2730 2 (control) 2650

[0157] It can be seen that the yield of plot 1 increased by 80kg / mu compared with that of plot 2, with a yield increase of 3.0%.

[0158] Differences in growth in the field: From flowering to harvesting, there is no obvious difference in the growth of leaves, branches and fruits of kiwifruit.

[0159] The same field fertilizer efficiency comparison test was conducted on compound microbial fertilizers A2, DA2, A3, and DA3. The results showed that compound microbial fertilizer A2 could increase the yield of kiwifruit relative to compound microbial fertilizer DA2, and compound microbial fertilizer A3 could increase the yield of kiwifruit relative to compound microbial fertilizer DA3.

[0160] Test Example 4

[0161] This test example is used to further analyze and illustrate the fertilizer effect of the composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention.

[0162] Test period: May 20, 2021 - October 20, 2021

[0163] Test location: Shaerqin Village 1, Shaerqin Town, Donghe District, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia

[0164] Test crop: pepper, variety (Wutai No. 1)

[0165] Landform type: Piedmont sloping plain

[0166] Soil type and texture: chestnut soil; light loam

[0167] Field design: Set up 9 plots, each plot is 10 meters long, 6.6 meters wide, and has a net area of ​​66 square meters (equivalent to 0.1 acres). The plots are arranged randomly and protected rows are set.

[0168] Experimental treatment: On May 20, 2021, compound microbial fertilizers DA4, DA5, DA6, and A1 were applied to three plots, respectively, with treatment numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 (as shown in Table 4); each compound microbial fertilizer was applied three times, and each repetition was numbered I, II, and III; among them, the application rate of compound microbial fertilizers was 80 kg / mu, and the application method was basal application.

[0169] Top dressing: Apply compound fertilizer (10-15-20, i.e. the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium N: P2O5: K2O = 10:15:20) once on July 22, 2021, 15 kg / mu.

[0170] Table 4

[0171] Processing number Processing content 1 DA4: 80kg / mu (basic application) 2 DA5: 80kg / mu (basic application) 3 DA6: 80kg / mu (basic application) 4 A1: 80kg / mu (basic application)

[0172] On October 20, 2021, the yields of treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4 were compared and converted into per mu yields. The yields of treatment 1 with the lowest per mu yield were compared based on the results. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0173] Table 5

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] *: Based on the yield per mu of treatment No. 1

[0177] The above results were subjected to variance analysis, and the analysis results showed that the average yield of treatment No. 4 (compound microbial fertilizer A1) was significantly higher than the average yield of treatment No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 (i.e., compound microbial fertilizer DA4, DA5, and DA6). The difference in the average yield of treatment No. 2 and No. 3 was not significant, and the average yield of treatment No. 2 and No. 3 was significantly higher than the average yield of treatment No. 1.

[0178] The test results show that:

[0179] 1. The fertilizer efficiency of A1 compound microbial fertilizer is significantly higher than that of DA4, DA5 and DA6, with the yield increase reaching 16.8%, 5.7% and 8.4% respectively.

[0180] 2. The various components and contents of the composite microbial fertilizer of the present application have a high synergistic effect. When the content of the components in the composite microbial fertilizer is not within the scope of the present invention, the effect of the composite microbial fertilizer obtained is poor.

[0181] 3. The same field fertilizer efficiency comparison test was carried out on compound microbial fertilizers A2, DA2, A3, and DA3. The results showed that compound microbial fertilizer A2 can increase the yield of pepper compared with compound microbial fertilizer DA2, and compound microbial fertilizer A3 can increase the yield of pepper compared with compound microbial fertilizer DA3.

[0182] Test Example 5

[0183] This test example is used to illustrate the effect of the composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention on Astragalus membranaceus continuous cropping disease.

[0184] Trial period: May 10, 2021 to October 25, 2021

[0185] Test location: Niuchangwan Village, Huaishuo Town, Guyang County, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

[0186] Test crops: Astragalus

[0187] Landform type: Hilly

[0188] Soil type: chestnut soil

[0189] Fertilizers tested:

[0190] Organic fertilizer (traditional fertilizer): purchased from the local agricultural supply market, trade name "Jinatai Organic Fertilizer", composite implementation standard NY525-2012, fertilizer registration number: Mengnongfei (2018) No. 1960, total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) content ≥ 5wt%, organic matter content ≥ 70wt%;

[0191] Compound microbial fertilizer A1.

[0192] Field design: Set up 9 plots, each plot is 20 meters long, 3.3 meters wide, and has a net area of ​​66 square meters (equivalent to 0.1 acres). The plots are arranged randomly and protection rows are set.

[0193] Experimental treatment: On May 11, 2021, compound microbial fertilizer A1 and traditional organic fertilizer were applied to two plots, respectively, with treatment numbers 1 and 2 (as shown in Table 6); the application of compound microbial fertilizer A1 and organic fertilizer was repeated three times, and each repetition was numbered I, II, and III; among them, the application amount was 600 kg / mu, and the application method was basal application.

[0194] Top dressing: Start applying urea on May 16, 2021, with an interval of 10-15 days, for a total of 2 times.

[0195] Table 6

[0196] Processing number Processing content 1(Control) Organic fertilizer (traditional fertilizer) 600kg / mu (basal application) 2(A1) A1 (composite microbial fertilizer of the present invention) 600kg / mu (basal application)

[0197] On October 25, 2021, when the Astragalus was harvested, an on-site yield survey was conducted on the Astragalus yield and Astragalus rhizome disease (root rot) in the experimental field. The statistical results of Astragalus yield and Astragalus incidence are shown in Tables 7 and 8, respectively.

[0198] Table 7

[0199]

[0200] *Comparison of per-acre yields based on treatment No. 1.

[0201] Table 8

[0202]

[0203] *Compared with the incidence rate of treatment No. 1 as the benchmark, negative values ​​represent the amount / degree of decrease, and positive values ​​represent the amount / degree of increase.

[0204] The above results were subjected to variance analysis, and the analysis results showed that treatment No. 1 (compound microbial fertilizer A1) had a significant effect (significantly reduced) on rhizome diseases of Astragalus (root rot, red heart disease, and numbness) compared with treatment No. 2 (traditional organic fertilizer), and the effect reached an extremely significant level.

[0205] The same test was conducted on compound microbial fertilizers A2 and A3. The results showed that compound microbial fertilizers A2 and A3 had significant effects (significant reduction) on rhizome diseases of Astragalus (root rot, red heart disease, and numbness) compared with treatment No. 2 (traditional organic fertilizer), and the effects reached an extremely significant level.

[0206] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite microbial fertilizer, characterized in that: The fertilizer is composed of bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and microbial functional bacteria; Wherein, based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the bone calcium mud is 30-55wt%, and the content of the furfural residue is 5-15wt% on a dry basis; Based on the total weight of the composite microbial fertilizer, the content of the nutrient element adjuvant is such that the content of the nutrient element in the composite microbial fertilizer is 15-40wt% on a dry basis; Among them, the bone calcium mud is unfermented bone calcium mud, and on a dry basis, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the bone calcium mud is ≥9.5wt%, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium refers to the sum of N content, phosphorus content calculated as P2O5 and potassium content calculated as K2O; the microbial functional bacteria are photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fermentation-based filamentous fungi and Bacillus, and the content of microbial functional bacteria is a live bacteria count of ≥0.2 billion / gram of fertilizer.

2. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The nutrient element in the nutrient element additive is at least one of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and boron.

3. The fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The nutrient element additive is at least one of urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium borate.

4. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The bone calcium paste has an organic matter content of ≥52wt% on a dry basis; and / or, on a dry basis, the content of phosphorus in the bone calcium paste as P2O5 is ≥ 8wt%; and / or, on a dry basis, the nitrogen content of the bone calcium paste is ≥ 2wt%; and / or, on a dry basis, the calcium content of the bone calcium paste is ≥ 11 wt%; and / or, on a dry basis, the magnesium content in the bone calcium paste is ≥5.46wt%; And / or, the pH value of the bone calcium mud is 8.3-9.

5. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The furfural residue contains organic matter, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and free acid. Based on the total weight of the furfural residue, the content of the organic matter is 74-76wt%, the content of the humic acid is 11.4-11.6wt%, the content of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2-2.3wt%, and the content of the free acid is 1.2-1.3wt%; And / or, the pH of the furfural residue is 2.9-3.

2.

6. A method for preparing the composite microbial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microorganisms, and the method does not have a high-temperature fermentation step.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The method comprises: (1) mixing bone calcium mud, furfural residue, nutrient element additives and functional microorganisms and granulating to obtain a granular material; (2) Drying the granular material to obtain the composite microbial fertilizer.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: In step (2), the drying conditions are such that the moisture content of the granular material is ≤30wt%.

9. Use of the composite microbial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in agricultural production.

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