Fertilizing method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction of ponkan and water and fertilizer integrated system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction of ponkan and a water and fertilizer integrated system, and relates to the technical field of ponkan planting, and the fertilization method comprises the following steps: installing the water and fertilizer integrated system, arranging a 100m < 3 > water pool and a 30m < 2 >-50m < 2 > water and fertilizer pressure pump room at the highest position, close to a water source, of each 100mu of orchard, and controlling the annual fertilization frequency to be one time of base fertilizer and three times of topdressing, the application time of the base fertilizer is from late February to early March, two strip-shaped application ditches with the width of 0.4 m, the depth of 0.4 m and the length of 1 m are dug along a water drip of a tree crown, 1.5 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is used for each plant, the content of organic matter in the bio-organic fertilizer is not smaller than 40%, the content of N + P2O5 + K2O is not smaller than 5%, 1 kg of compound fertilizer is used for each plant, the content of N + P2O5 + K2O in the compound fertilizer is not smaller than 45%, and the content of N is 15%, the content of P2O5 is 15%, and the content of K2O is 15%. The quality of fruits in the marketing period is improved, the price of the fruits can be remarkably increased, the sales pressure can be remarkably reduced, and better benefits are brought to fruit farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ponkan planting, and in particular to a fertilization method and a water-fertilizer integrated system for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan. Background Art

[0002] Ponkan is a special citrus variety in my country. Its fruit is rich in nutrition, has excellent color, fragrance and taste, is easy to peel and is convenient to eat fresh, which makes it popular among consumers. In recent years, due to the aging and degradation of the variety and backward planting technology, the overall quality of Ponkan fruit is high in acid and low in sugar.

[0003] Fertilization is an important factor affecting the yield and quality of citrus. Scientific and effective fertilization methods can not only achieve high-quality and high-yield citrus, but also continuously and effectively improve soil fertility. However, in traditional citrus fertilization technology, it is common to apply heavy or partial nitrogen fertilizers and light organic fertilizers, which has caused problems such as decreased fruit quality and low high-quality fruit rate. Therefore, traditional citrus fertilization technology can no longer meet the needs of modern orchards. The integrated water and fertilizer fertilization technology supplies water and fertilizer to fruit trees according to their water and nutritional physiology, which can promote the absorption of macro, medium and trace elements by the plants, ensure the nutrient balance of the trees, and improve the quality of the fruits while increasing yields.

[0004] After searching, it is known that the prior art is a new type of citrus fruit quality regulator, preparation method and application thereof, with an application date of 2023.02.24 and an application number of 202310159416.7, which discloses the following technical content. The present invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and specifically relates to a new type of citrus fruit quality regulator, preparation method and application thereof. The present invention discloses a new type of citrus fruit quality regulator, comprising 15g / L of polyethylene glycol-6000+1‰ of Tween 20+2g / L potassium chloride. It also discloses a method for preparing a new type of citrus fruit quality regulator: adding polyethylene glycol 6000, Tween 20 and potassium chloride to water and stirring to dissolve. The new type of citrus fruit quality regulator of the present invention can increase the content of soluble solids and total acid in citrus fruit, improve the solid-acid ratio in citrus fruit, and directly improve the quality of citrus fruit.

[0005] However, it cannot solve the following technical problems:

[0006] 1. How to significantly increase the sugar content and reduce the acid content of ponkan and improve the fruit quality during the fruit marketing period;

[0007] 2. How to reduce planting costs, how to increase fruit prices and reduce sales pressure to bring better benefits to fruit farmers;

[0008] 3. When the existing integrated water and fertilizer machine mixes and stirs a variety of liquid fertilizers, there is uneven mixing, which affects the release of fertilizer fertility and leads to unstable production results of tangerine planting;

[0009] 4. During the long-term use of the existing integrated water and fertilizer machine, excessive impurities will block the mixing cavity of the integrated water and fertilizer machine, causing uneven mixing and causing great trouble to subsequent cleaning work. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems and provide a fertilization method and water-fertilizer integrated system for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in tangerines, which can significantly increase sugar and reduce acid in tangerines, improve the quality of fruits during the fruit marketing period, significantly increase fruit prices and reduce sales pressure, and bring better benefits to fruit farmers. It can automatically mix and stir a variety of liquid fertilizers evenly, can avoid impurities precipitating and clogging the first sieve holes and the second sieve holes, can automatically clean and wash the sieve drum and the bottom plate to avoid clogging, and improve the practicability and reliability of the device.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0012] A fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step A: Install the integrated water and fertilizer system. For every 100 mu of orchard, set up a 100m 3 Pool and 30m 2 -50m 2 Water and fertilizer booster pump room, which is equipped with a water storage tank, a water and fertilizer fermentation tank and a dilution tank;

[0014] Step B: The number of fertilizations throughout the year is controlled to be one basal fertilizer and three topdressings. The basal fertilizer application time is from late February to early March. Two strip fertilizer trenches with a width of 0.4m, a depth of 0.4m and a length of 1m are dug along the drip line of the tree crown. 1.5kg / plant of bio-organic fertilizer, in which the organic matter content is not less than 40%, and the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 5%, 1kg / plant of compound fertilizer, in which the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 45%, wherein the N content is 15%, the P2O5 content is 15%, and the K2O content is 15%;

[0015] Step C: Mix the fertilizer with the soil and apply it in the furrows. The fruit-enhancing fertilizer should be applied from late June to early July. Use 2% dried cake fermentation liquid and 2% citrus special fertilizer to ferment the water-fertilizer solution. Use the integrated water-fertilizer system for low-level sprinkler irrigation for 3 times, with a total water and fertilizer amount of 30kg / plant, and each time interval of 15 days.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the cake fermentation liquid includes the following components: 100kg rapeseed cake, 5kg molasses, 2kg EM bacterial liquid, 0.5kg bioactive enzyme, and 500kg water. The cake fermentation liquid is covered with a film and fermented for 1 month using the above materials. After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is filtered, the solid waste is removed, and the liquid is diluted with 2000kg water and stirred evenly.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the special fertilizer for citrus is a water-soluble compound fertilizer made of urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate, humic acid and trace element fertilizers, with an N content of 15%, a P2O5 content of 3%, a K2O content of 17%, an organic matter content of not less than 10%, a humic acid content of not less than 6%, and calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum contents of not less than 5%.

[0018] A water-fertilizer integrated system in a fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan comprises a water-fertilizer integrated machine, a first pipeline arranged on the upper part of the water-fertilizer integrated machine is connected to a fertilizer raw liquid tank, the water-fertilizer integrated machine is connected to an irrigation branch pipe and a filter through a second pipeline, a sprinkler head is arranged on the irrigation branch pipe, the filter is connected to a first liquid pump output end through a third pipeline, the first liquid pump input end is connected to an external water source through a fourth pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and a flow meter, a second valve, a first thermometer, and a third valve are arranged on the second pipeline.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the water-fertilizer integrated machine includes a machine body, a first motor is arranged on the top of the support frame arranged on the machine body, a first rotating shaft arranged at the output shaft end of the first motor passes downward through the lifting bucket and extends into the screen drum, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the first rotating shaft, a plurality of second sieve holes are arranged on the screen drum, the screen drum is detachably connected to the bottom plate, a bearing is arranged between the screen drum and the lifting bucket, the top of the screen drum is connected to the cover plate by bolts, and a cleaning block is arranged on the inner wall of the screen drum and on the first rotating shaft.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of first sieve holes are arranged on the bottom plate, the insertion rod on the bottom plate is inserted upward into the blind hole at the bottom of the sieve cylinder, the bottom of the bottom plate is connected to the second rotating shaft at the output shaft end of the second motor, a connecting sleeve and a discharge paddle are arranged on the second rotating shaft, the discharge paddle is arranged above the movable block on the partition, the bottom of the movable block is connected to the telescopic shaft end of the second hydraulic cylinder, the upper guide rod on the lower surface of the movable block extends downward into the lower guide tube, and the second motor is arranged in the protective cover.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a sixth pipe is arranged above the partition and on the machine body, a fourth valve is arranged on the sixth pipe, the telescopic shaft end of the first hydraulic cylinder arranged on the outer wall of the machine body is connected to the lower surface of the outer edge of the lifting bucket at the opening position where the lifting bucket extends out, and the guide sleeve on the lifting bucket is matched with the guide rod on the support plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a second thermometer is arranged on the machine casing, a fifth pipe is arranged through the inner wall of the machine casing, the cleaning nozzle outlet arranged on the fifth pipe faces the second sieve hole, the fifth pipe is connected to the output end of the second liquid pump, and the input end of the second liquid pump is connected to the seventh pipe.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can significantly increase the sugar content and reduce the acid content of ponkan, improve the fruit quality during the fruit marketing period, significantly increase the fruit price and reduce sales pressure, bring better benefits to fruit farmers, and can automatically mix and stir a variety of liquid fertilizers evenly, can avoid impurities precipitating and clogging the first sieve holes and the second sieve holes, can automatically clean and wash the sieve drum and the bottom plate to avoid clogging, and improve the practicability and reliability of the device.

[0024] 1. Fertilization and pipe cultivation through integrated water and fertilizer equipment can greatly improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Due to the precise supply of water and fertilizer, fruit trees grow fast and can enter the fruiting period early, and significantly increase fruit yield and improve quality. It can also save labor costs and achieve large-scale operations.

[0025] 2. The fertilization package of fermented cake water fertilizer plus citrus-specific fertilizer has comprehensive nutrients and contains large, medium and trace elements required by citrus trees. It can significantly improve acidified soil and increase soil fertility. It can correct the nutrient deficiency symptoms of fruit trees during the cultivation of tangerines and improve the quality and yield of tangerine fruits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-fertilizer integrated system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water-fertilizer integrated machine of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the bottom plate position of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning block position of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the insertion rod position of the present invention.

[0031] The text labels in the figure are as follows: 1. water-fertilizer integrated machine; 2. first pipeline; 3. first valve; 4. fertilizer liquid tank; 5. irrigation branch pipe; 6. sprinkler head; 7. flow meter; 8. second valve; 9. second pipeline; 10. first thermometer; 11. third valve; 12. filter; 13. third pipeline; 14. first liquid pump; 15. fourth pipeline; 101. first motor; 102. first rotating shaft; 103. support frame; 104. machine casing; 105. guide rod; 106. opening; 107. support plate; 108. guide sleeve; 109. lifting bucket; 110. first hydraulic cylinder; 111. first The fifth pipeline; 112, cleaning nozzle; 113, second thermometer; 114, fourth valve; 115, sixth pipeline; 116, partition; 117, discharge paddle; 118, movable block; 119, seventh pipeline; 120, second liquid pump; 121, upper guide rod; 122, lower guide tube; 123, second hydraulic cylinder; 124, protective cover; 125, second motor; 126, second rotating shaft; 127, connecting sleeve; 128, bottom plate; 129, first sieve hole; 130, plug rod; 131, stirring rod; 132, second sieve hole; 133, sieve cylinder; 134, cleaning block; 135, bolt; 136, cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The description in this section is only exemplary and explanatory and should not have any limiting effect on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the specific scheme of this embodiment is: a fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step A: Install the integrated water and fertilizer system. For every 100 mu of orchard, set up a 100m 3 Pool and 30m 2 -50m 2 Water and fertilizer booster pump room, in which a water storage tank, a water and fertilizer fermentation tank and a dilution water tank are set; more specifically, PE pipes are used to connect the various pipes, per acre: Φ50mm and above main pipe ≥40 meters, Φ32mm and above branch pipe ≥100 meters, Φ20mm and above micro pipe ≥100 meters, ground-inserted micro-sprinkler nozzles ≥50; the ground-inserted micro-sprinkler combination is mainly composed of five parts: micro-sprinkler, mountain-shaped conversion joint, capillary tube, capillary tube double joint, and insertion rod. According to the needs of the garden, different pipes are buried along the roadside to connect to each row of citrus trees, and one ground-inserted micro-sprinkler is arranged on each citrus tree. The length of the water pipe and the number of parts can be adjusted as necessary and appropriately according to the actual needs of the installation.

[0035] Step B: The number of fertilizations throughout the year is controlled to be one basal fertilizer and three topdressings. The basal fertilizer application time is from late February to early March. Two strip fertilizer trenches with a width of 0.4m, a depth of 0.4m and a length of 1m are dug along the drip line of the tree crown. 1.5kg / plant of bio-organic fertilizer, in which the organic matter content is not less than 40%, and the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 5%, 1kg / plant of compound fertilizer, in which the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 45%, wherein the N content is 15%, the P2O5 content is 15%, and the K2O content is 15%;

[0036] Step C: Mix the fertilizer with the soil and apply it in the furrows. The fruit-enhancing fertilizer should be applied from late June to early July. Use 2% dried cake fermentation liquid and 2% citrus special fertilizer to ferment the water-fertilizer solution. Use the integrated water-fertilizer system 1 low-pressure sprinkler irrigation for 3 times, with a total water and fertilizer amount of 30kg / plant, and each time interval of 15 days.

[0037] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, the cake fermentation liquid includes the following components: 100kg rapeseed cake, 5kg molasses, 2kg EM bacterial liquid, 0.5kg bioactive enzyme, 500kg water, and the cake fermentation liquid is covered with a film and fermented for 1 month using the above materials. After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is filtered, the solid waste is removed, and the liquid is diluted with 2000kg water and stirred evenly.

[0038] Preferably, as a preferred mode of the above embodiment, the citrus-specific fertilizer is a water-soluble compound fertilizer made of urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate, and humic acid, with an N content of 15%, a P2O5 content of 3%, a K2O content of 17%, an organic matter content of not less than 10%, a humic acid content of not less than 6%, and calcium, magnesium, boron, and molybdenum contents of not less than 5%. The previous mode of applying water-soluble chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers is changed, and organic-inorganic water-soluble nutrient compound fertilizers are prepared with single-element fertilizers. Combined with water-fertilizer integration technology, soil nutrients and soil properties are comprehensively improved, which can save costs by more than 35% and reach In order to achieve good soil improvement effect, the special fertilizer formula for citrus is prepared from the following raw materials (based on 100kg dosage): urea (N content is 46%), 31kg dosage; diammonium phosphate (N content ≥18%, P2O5 content ≥46%), 2.5kg dosage; calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (P2O5 content ≥12%), 18kg dosage; potassium sulfate (K2O content ≥52%), 32kg dosage; humic acid organic fertilizer (organic matter content ≥70%, humic acid content ≥40%), 15kg dosage; micro-fertilizer (Ca+Mg+B+Mo≥5%), 1.5kg dosage.

[0039] The specific formula of citrus special fertilizer is shown in the following table:

[0040] (N:P2O5:K2O=15:3:17, organic matter ≥10%, humic acid ≥6%, Ca+Mg+B+Mo≥5%)

[0041]

[0042] The cost table of citrus special fertilizer is as follows:

[0043] Specific embodiment:

[0045] In 2023, a field trial was conducted in the ponkan garden in Ganxiqiao Village, Xixi Town, Luxi County, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. The main variety planted in the garden is Xinnu ponkan, with the rootstock being trifoliate orange, and the tree age is over 20 years. The planting density is 75-80 trees / 667m 2 The test soil is an acid purple sandy soil with purple sandstone weathering products. The soil bulk density, porosity and hardness are 1.38 g / cm 3 , 47.92% and 50.24kg / cm 2 The soil organic matter content is 16.90g / kg and the soil pH value is 4.43, which is a strongly acidic soil.

[0046] The experiment was designed with two treatments, conventional fertilization (T1) and corrective fertilization (T2), with three repetitions. Fertilization in each treatment was divided into basal fertilizer and fruit-enhancing fertilizer. Basal fertilizer was applied from late February to early March. Two trenches with a width of 0.4m, a depth of 0.4m and a length of 1m were dug along the drip line of the tree crown. The fertilizer was mixed with the soil and then applied in the trenches. Fruit-enhancing fertilizer was applied from late June to early July. T1 was applied once by broadcasting, and T2 was applied three times by sprinkler irrigation, with an interval of 15 days between each application. The total amount of fermented water and fertilizer by sprinkler irrigation was 30kg / plant, as shown in the following table:

[0047] deal with base fertilizer Fruit Fertilizer T1 45% (NPK = 15-15-15) compound fertilizer 1kg / plant Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 1kg / plant T2 Bio-organic fertilizer 1.5kg / plant + 45% compound fertilizer 1kg / plant Fermented water fertilizer (2% dried cake + 2% citrus special fertilizer) 30kg / plant

[0048] Determination indicators, soil pH value, organic matter; single fruit weight, edible rate, soluble solid content, titratable acid content and solid-acid ratio of ponkan, fertilizer effect analysis: the effect of different fertilization treatments on fruit quality is shown in the following table:

[0049]

[0050] For large orchards with water sources, especially orchards with integrated water-fertilizer equipment, the application of fermented water-fertilizer (dry cake water-fertilizer + citrus-specific fertilizer) can not only comprehensively and efficiently supplement the water and various nutrients needed for the citrus fruit expansion period, promote fruit expansion, and improve fruit quality, but also improve the fertilizer utilization rate, reduce the cost of fertilizer use and fertilization, and further realize high-quality and labor-saving cultivation in the orchard.

[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a water-fertilizer integrated system in a fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan includes a water-fertilizer integrated machine 1, a first pipe 2 arranged on the upper part of the water-fertilizer integrated machine 1 is connected to a fertilizer stock liquid tank 4, the water-fertilizer integrated machine 1 is connected to an irrigation branch pipe 5 and a filter 12 through a second pipe 9, a sprinkler head 6 is arranged on the irrigation branch pipe 5, the filter 12 is connected to an output end of a first liquid pump 14 through a third pipe 13, the input end of the first liquid pump 14 is connected to an external water source through a fourth pipe 15, a first valve 3 is arranged on the first pipe 2, and a flow meter 7, a second valve 8, a first thermometer 10, and a third valve 11 are arranged on the second pipe 9.

[0052] Preferably, the water-fertilizer integrated machine 1 includes a machine housing 104, a first motor 101 is arranged on the top of a support frame 103 arranged on the machine housing 104, a first rotating shaft 102 arranged on the output shaft end of the first motor 101 passes downward through the lifting bucket 109 and extends into the screen drum 133, a plurality of stirring rods 131 are arranged on the first rotating shaft 102, a plurality of second sieve holes 132 are arranged on the screen drum 133, the screen drum 133 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 128, a bearing is arranged between the screen drum 133 and the lifting bucket 109, the top of the screen drum 133 is connected to the cover plate 136 by bolts 135, and a cleaning block 134 is arranged on the inner wall of the screen drum 133 and on the first rotating shaft 102.

[0053] Preferably, a plurality of first sieve holes 129 are provided on the bottom plate 128, the insertion rod 130 on the bottom plate 128 is inserted upward into the blind hole at the bottom of the sieve cylinder 133, the bottom of the bottom plate 128 is connected to the second rotating shaft 126 at the output shaft end of the second motor 125, the second rotating shaft 126 is provided with a connecting sleeve 127 and a discharge paddle 117, the discharge paddle 117 is arranged above the movable block 118 on the partition 116, the bottom of the movable block 118 is connected to the telescopic shaft end of the second hydraulic cylinder 123, the upper guide rod 121 on the lower surface of the movable block 118 extends downward into the lower guide tube 122, and the second motor 125 is arranged in the protective cover 124.

[0054] Preferably, a sixth pipe 115 is arranged above the partition 116 and on the machine housing 104, a fourth valve 114 is arranged on the sixth pipe 115, the telescopic shaft end of the first hydraulic cylinder 110 arranged on the outer wall of the machine housing 104 is connected to the lower surface of the outer edge of the lifting bucket 109 where the lifting bucket 109 extends out of the opening 106, and the guide sleeve 108 on the lifting bucket 109 is matched with the guide rod 105 on the support plate 107.

[0055] Preferably, a second thermometer 113 is provided on the casing 104, a fifth pipe 111 is provided through the inner wall of the casing 104, the output port of the cleaning nozzle 112 provided on the fifth pipe 111 faces the second sieve hole 132, the fifth pipe 111 is connected to the output end of the second liquid pump 120, and the input end of the second liquid pump 120 is connected to the seventh pipe 119.

[0056] The specific working principle of the water-fertilizer integrated machine of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] The fertilizer stock liquid in the fertilizer stock liquid tank 4 is transported to the machine housing 104 through the first pipeline 2, and the lifting bucket 109 guides the fertilizer stock liquid to allow the liquid to enter the lower part of the machine housing 104, driving the first motor 101, the first rotating shaft 102 and the stirring rod 131 to rotate, driving the second motor 125, the bottom plate 128 and the screen drum 133 to rotate, and under the double rotation, a variety of fertilizer stock liquids are mixed evenly, with high mixing efficiency and good mixing effect. The second sieve hole 132 on the screen drum 133 and the first sieve hole 129 on the bottom plate 128 filter the fertilizer stock liquid, and the filtered mixed fertilizer liquid can be discharged from the machine housing 104 from the position of the sixth pipeline 115. When needed When the inner wall of the sieve drum 133 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 128 are cleaned, the first hydraulic cylinder 110 is driven, the lifting bucket 109 drives the sieve drum 133 to rise, and the cleaning block 134 cleans the inner wall of the sieve drum 133. At the same time, the second liquid pump 120 is driven to spray cleaning liquid from the cleaning nozzle 112 in the direction of the second sieve hole 132, so that the sieve drum 133 and the bottom plate 128 can be cleaned. The second hydraulic cylinder 123 is driven, the movable block 118 descends, and the impurities on the partition 116 are discharged downward. The water-fertilizer integrated machine has a simple structure, is convenient and practical, can avoid blockage, improves the practicability and reliability of the device, and reduces the labor intensity of cleaning and cleaning of the staff.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms include, contain or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation of the technical solution of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements, modifications or changes can be made, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A: Install the integrated water and fertilizer system. For every 100 mu of orchard, set up a 100m 3 Pool and 30m 2 -50m 2 Water and fertilizer booster pump room, which is equipped with a water storage tank, a water and fertilizer fermentation tank and a dilution tank; Step B: The number of fertilizations throughout the year is controlled to be one basal fertilizer and three topdressings. The basal fertilizer application time is from late February to early March. Two strip fertilizer trenches with a width of 0.4m, a depth of 0.4m and a length of 1m are dug along the drip line of the tree crown. 1.5kg / plant of bio-organic fertilizer, in which the organic matter content is not less than 40%, and the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 5%, 1kg / plant of compound fertilizer, in which the N+P2O5+K2O content is not less than 45%, wherein the N content is 15%, the P2O5 content is 15%, and the K2O content is 15%; Step C: Mix the fertilizer with the soil and apply it in the furrows. The fruit-enhancing fertilizer should be applied from late June to early July. Use 2% dried cake fermentation liquid and 2% citrus special fertilizer to ferment the water-fertilizer solution. Use the integrated water-fertilizer system for low-level sprinkler irrigation for 3 times, with a total water and fertilizer amount of 30kg / plant, and each time interval of 15 days.

2. A fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cake fermentation liquid comprises the following components: 100kg rapeseed cake, 5kg molasses, 2kg EM bacterial liquid, 0.5kg bioactive enzyme, and 500kg water. The cake fermentation liquid is covered with a film and fermented for 1 month using the above materials. After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is filtered to remove solid waste, and then diluted with 2000kg water and stirred evenly.

3. A fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan according to claim 2, characterized in that: The special fertilizer for citrus is a water-soluble compound fertilizer made of urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate and humic acid, with an N content of 15%, a P2O5 content of 3%, a K2O content of 17%, an organic matter content of not less than 10%, a humic acid content of not less than 6%, and calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum contents of not less than 5%.

4. A water-fertilizer integrated system used in the fertilization method for promoting sugar increase and acid reduction in ponkan according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water-fertilizer integrated machine (1), wherein a first pipeline (2) arranged on the upper part of the water-fertilizer integrated machine (1) is connected to a fertilizer raw liquid tank (4), the water-fertilizer integrated machine (1) is connected to an irrigation branch pipe (5) and a filter (12) via a second pipeline (9), a sprinkler head (6) is arranged on the irrigation branch pipe (5), the filter (12) is connected to an output end of a first liquid pump (14) via a third pipeline (13), the input end of the first liquid pump (14) is connected to an external water source via a fourth pipeline (15), a first valve (3) is arranged on the first pipeline (2), and a flow meter (7), a second valve (8), a first thermometer (10), and a third valve (11) are arranged on the second pipeline (9).

5. The water-fertilizer integrated system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The integrated water and fertilizer machine (1) comprises a machine housing (104); a first motor (101) is arranged on the top of a support frame (103) arranged on the machine housing (104); a first rotating shaft (102) arranged on the output shaft end of the first motor (101) passes downward through a lifting bucket (109) and extends into a screen drum (133); a plurality of stirring rods (131) are arranged on the first rotating shaft (102); a plurality of second screen holes (132) are arranged on the screen drum (133); the screen drum (133) is detachably connected to a bottom plate (128); a bearing is arranged between the screen drum (133) and the lifting bucket (109); the top of the screen drum (133) is connected to a cover plate (136) by means of bolts (135); and a cleaning block (134) is arranged on the inner wall of the screen drum (133) and on the first rotating shaft (102).

6. The water-fertilizer integrated system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of first sieve holes (129) are arranged on the bottom plate (128); an insertion rod (130) on the bottom plate (128) is inserted upward into a blind hole at the bottom of the sieve drum (133); the bottom of the bottom plate (128) is connected to a second rotating shaft (126) at the output shaft end of a second motor (125); a connecting sleeve (127) and a discharge paddle (117) are arranged on the second rotating shaft (126); the discharge paddle (117) is arranged above a movable block (118) on the partition plate (116); the bottom of the movable block (118) is connected to the telescopic shaft end of a second hydraulic cylinder (123); an upper guide rod (121) on the lower surface of the movable block (118) extends downward into a lower guide tube (122); and the second motor (125) is arranged in a protective cover (124).

7. The water-fertilizer integrated system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sixth pipe (115) is arranged above the partition (116) and on the housing (104); a fourth valve (114) is arranged on the sixth pipe (115); a telescopic shaft end of a first hydraulic cylinder (110) arranged on the outer wall of the housing (104) is connected to the lower surface of the outer edge of the lifting bucket (109) at a position where the lifting bucket (109) extends out of the opening (106); and a guide sleeve (108) on the lifting bucket (109) is matched with a guide rod (105) on the support plate (107).

8. The water-fertilizer integrated system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second thermometer (113) is arranged on the housing (104); a fifth pipe (111) is arranged through the inner wall of the housing (104); an output port of a cleaning nozzle (112) arranged on the fifth pipe (111) faces the second sieve hole (132); the fifth pipe (111) is connected to an output end of a second liquid pump (120); and an input end of the second liquid pump (120) is connected to a seventh pipe (119).

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