Fertilizing equipment

Abstract

The invention provides fertilizing equipment, and relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment. The fertilizing equipment comprises a frame, a tank body, a ventilation box, a pressure pump device and a fertilizer discharging device, and wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame; the tank body is arranged on the frame and is provided with an air inlet port; the air exchange box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet of the air exchange box is communicated with the air inlet port of the tank body; the pressure pump device is communicated with an air inlet of the ventilation box through an air pipeline, and the pressure pump device is used for changing the pressure in the tank body, so that the liquid organic fertilizer flows into or out of the tank body; the fertilizer discharging device comprises a rack component, a fertilizer stable distributor, a plurality of furrow openers and a pressing roller component. The flow of fertilizer output by the first fertilizing holes and the second fertilizing holes can be changed by changing the angle between the layering plate and the horizontal plane; and single or multiple liquid organic fertilizers are efficiently and uniformly distributed to each fertilizer outlet hole, so that layered returning of the fertilizers to the field is realized, and nutrients in the liquid fertilizers are orderly distributed in each layer of soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and particularly to a fertilizing device. Background Art

[0002] Fertilization technology is one of the important factors affecting crop yields. Due to the relatively low basic soil fertility of cultivated land in China, currently, applying a large amount of fertilizers is the main way to obtain high yields. However, the fertilization methods mainly include manual surface application in stages or one-time fertilization during sowing. Manual surface application in stages is time-consuming and laborious, and the fertilizer utilization efficiency is low. The research and development of fertilizing devices aims to improve the effective rate of nitrogen fertilizers, reduce production costs and environmental pollution, and is of great significance for the innovation of new fertilization technologies and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a fertilizing device to solve the problems of low fertilizer utilization rate and uneven distribution of nutrient elements existing in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention provides a fertilizing device, comprising: a frame, with wheels provided at the bottom of the frame; a tank, arranged on the frame, and the tank is provided with an air inlet port; a ventilation box, which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet of the ventilation box is communicated with the air inlet port of the tank; a pressure pump device, which is communicated with the air inlet of the ventilation box through an air pipeline, and the pressure pump device is used to change the pressure inside the tank so that the liquid organic fertilizer flows into or out of the tank; a fertilizer discharging device, including a frame member, a fertilizer stable distributor, a plurality of furrow openers and a press roller member. The frame member is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank, and the frame member is connected to the frame or the tank. The fertilizer stable distributor is arranged on the upper part of the frame member, and the inlet of the fertilizer stable distributor is communicated with the fertilizer discharging port of the tank through a main fertilizing pipe; the plurality of furrow openers are arranged at intervals along the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank at the bottom of the frame member, and a layered fertilization mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the furrow opener. The layered fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizing pipe and a layered plate. The fertilizing pipe is connected to the furrow opener, the upper port of the fertilizing pipe is communicated with the outlet of the fertilizer stable distributor through a fertilizing hose, a first fertilizing hole is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizing pipe, a second fertilizing hole is arranged on the side wall of the fertilizing pipe, the layered plate is installed at the second fertilizing hole, and the layered plate is hinged to the fertilizing pipe. By changing the angle between the layered plate and the horizontal plane, the fertilizer flow rates output from the first fertilizing hole and the second fertilizing hole can be changed; the press roller member is arranged behind the furrow opener and is hinged to the frame member.

[0005] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, a first control valve is provided at the fertilizer discharge port of the tank body, and the main fertilizer supply pipe is communicated with the first control valve.

[0006] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, a fertilizer outlet is provided at the lower part of one end of the tank body close to the fertilizer discharging device, a second control valve is provided at the fertilizer outlet, a tapered straight nozzle is provided at the outlet of the second control valve, and an arc-shaped baffle connected to the second control valve is provided at the outlet of the tapered straight nozzle. The arc-shaped baffle is used to collide with the liquid organic fertilizer sprayed out through the tapered straight nozzle, so that the liquid organic fertilizer is evenly sprayed onto the ground.

[0007] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, the arc-shaped baffle is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the arc-shaped baffle and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

[0008] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, fertilizer inlets are provided on both sides of the tank body, and third control valves are provided at the fertilizer inlets.

[0009] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, a pressure sensor is provided in the ventilation box.

[0010] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, an anti-overflow valve is provided at the air inlet port of the tank body.

[0011] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, the compaction roller component includes a compaction roller assembly and a driving component. The driving component includes two connecting plates and two linear driving members. Both ends of the compaction roller assembly are rotatably connected to one ends of the two connecting plates in one-to-one correspondence. The other ends of the two connecting plates are both hinged to the frame component. One ends of the two linear driving members are hinged to the two connecting plates in one-to-one correspondence, and the other ends of the two linear driving members are both hinged to the frame component.

[0012] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, the linear driving member is an oil cylinder.

[0013] A fertilizing device provided according to the present invention, the compaction roller assembly includes a compaction roller shaft, a plurality of soil-breaking blades and a plurality of compaction rods. Both ends of the compaction roller shaft are rotatably connected to one ends of the two connecting plates in one-to-one correspondence. The plurality of soil-breaking blades are axially spaced and sleeved on the outer periphery of the compaction roller shaft. The plurality of compaction rods are spaced around the outer periphery of the plurality of soil-breaking blades and are connected to the edges of the soil-breaking blades. The compaction rods form an acute angle with the compaction roller shaft.

[0014] The fertilizing device provided by the present invention can change the fertilizer flow rates output from the first fertilizer holes and the second fertilizer holes by changing the angle between the layered plate and the horizontal plane; it efficiently and evenly distributes single or multiple liquid organic fertilizers to each fertilizer outlet hole, realizes layered fertilization returning to the field, and promotes the orderly distribution of nutrients in the liquid fertilizer in each layer of soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is one of the three-dimensional structure schematic diagrams of the fertilizing device provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the second three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fertilizing device provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at position A in

[0019] Figure 4 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the tank body provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the fertilizer stable distributor provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and the spiral blade provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The partial enlarged structure schematic diagram at position B in

[0023] Figure 8 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cutting edge provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 It is the side view structure schematic diagram of the cutting edge provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 It is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the fluid controller provided by the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 100, Frame; 200, Tank body; 210, First control valve; 220, Second control valve; 230, Conical straight nozzle; 240, Arc-shaped baffle; 250, Third control valve; 260, Anti-overflow valve; 300, Ventilation box; 310, Pressure sensor; 400, Pressure pump device; 500, Fertilizer discharging device; 501, Frame component; 510, Fertilizer stable distributor; 511, Buffer tank; 512, Distributor cavity; 513, Rotating shaft; 514, Rotation driving device; 515, Fluid controller; 516, Spiral blade; 517, Cutting knife; 518, Base; 519, Blade; 520, Cutting edge; 521, Flow channel unit; 522, Deflector block; 523, Connecting flange; 524, Fixed flange; 525, Bearing seat; 526, Bearing; 528, Residue collection box; 529, Residue discharge port; 530, Furrow opener; 531, Fertilizer pipe; 532, Stratification plate; 533, First fertilizer application hole; 534, Second fertilizer application hole; 535, Fertilizer inlet connecting pipe; 536, Connecting method flange; 537, Fixed method flange; 540, Pressing roller component; 541, Pressing roller shaft; 542, Soil-breaking blade; 543, Pressing rod; 544, Permanent magnet; 545, Magnetic pole shoe; 546, Magnetic sleeve; 550, Pressing roller assembly; 560, Driving assembly; 561, Connecting plate; 562, Linear driving member. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0032] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the fertilizing device includes a vehicle frame 100, a tank body 200, a ventilation box 300, a pressure pump device 400, and a fertilizer discharging device 500. Wheels are provided at the bottom of the vehicle frame 100; the tank body 200 is arranged on the vehicle frame 100, and the tank body 200 is provided with an air inlet port. The ventilation box 300 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet of the ventilation box 300 is communicated with the air inlet port of the tank body 200. The pressure pump device 400 is communicated with the air inlet of the ventilation box 300 through an air pipeline, and the pressure pump device 400 is used to change the pressure inside the tank body 200 so that the liquid organic fertilizer flows into or out of the tank body 200.

[0033] The fertilizer discharging device 500 includes a frame member 501, a fertilizer stable distributor 510, a plurality of furrow openers 530 and a pressing roller member 540. The frame member 501 is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body 200. The frame member 501 is connected to the vehicle frame 100 or the tank body 200. The fertilizer stable distributor 510 is disposed on the upper part of the frame member 501. The inlet of the fertilizer stable distributor 510 is communicated with the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body 200 through a main fertilizer discharging pipe.

[0034] A plurality of furrow openers 530 are arranged at intervals on the bottom of the frame member 501 perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body 200. A layered fertilizing mechanism is provided at the rear side of the furrow opener 530. The layered fertilizing mechanism includes a fertilizer discharging pipe 531 and a layered plate 532. The fertilizer discharging pipe 531 is connected to the furrow opener 530. The upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 is communicated with the outlet of the fertilizer stable distributor 510 through a fertilizer discharging hose. The lower end of the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 is provided with a first fertilizer discharging hole 533. The side wall of the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 is provided with a second fertilizer discharging hole 534. The layered plate 532 is installed at the second fertilizer discharging hole 534. The layered plate 532 is hinged to the fertilizer discharging pipe 531. Part of the layered plate 532 is inside the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 and part is outside the fertilizer discharging pipe 531. By changing the angle between the layered plate 532 and the horizontal plane, the fertilizer flow rates output from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533 and the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 can be changed.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, when the organic fertilizer inside the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 flows downward, blocked by the layered plate 532, part of the organic fertilizer flows out from the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 and the other part flows out from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533. When the layered plate 532 rotates downward, the flow channel inside the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 decreases, and most of the organic fertilizer flows out from the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 and a small part flows out from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533. When the layered plate 532 rotates upward, the flow channel inside the fertilizer discharging pipe 531 increases, and a small part of the organic fertilizer flows out from the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 and most flows out from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533. The liquid organic fertilizer flowing out from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533 enters the deep soil, and the liquid organic fertilizer flowing out from the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 enters the shallow soil. The pressing roller member 540 is disposed behind the furrow opener 530 and is hinged to the frame member 501.

[0036] The fertilizing equipment provided by the present invention can change the fertilizer flow rates output from the first fertilizer discharging hole 533 and the second fertilizer discharging hole 534 by changing the angle between the layered plate 532 and the horizontal plane; efficiently and evenly distribute single or multiple liquid organic fertilizers to each fertilizer discharging hole, realize layered returning of fertilizers to the field, and promote the orderly distribution of nutrients in the liquid fertilizer in each layer of soil.

[0037] The fertilization equipment provided by the present invention has high working efficiency, can complete a series of operations such as ditch opening, fertilization, and soil compaction and pulverization, reduces the volatilization of liquid organic fertilizers, and can mix liquid organic fertilizers with the soil to a certain extent; realizes the return of liquid organic fertilizers to the field and guides green planting, and has a positive effect on optimizing soil quality, reducing costs, and promoting environmental protection.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the frame 100 is used to carry the tank body 200 and the fertilizer discharging device 500. In order to reduce the weight of the frame 100, the frame 100 adopts a hollow design. A tractor towing hitch is provided at the front end of the frame 100 to facilitate connection with a towing vehicle.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body 200 is arranged at the top of the tank body 200. A first control valve 210 is arranged at the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body 200, and the main fertilizer discharging pipe is communicated with the first control valve 210. The opening and closing of the fertilizer discharging port can be controlled through the first control valve 210.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, a fertilizer outlet is arranged at the lower part of one end of the tank body 200 close to the fertilizer discharging device 500. A second control valve 220 is arranged at the fertilizer outlet. A conical straight nozzle 230 is arranged at the outlet of the second control valve 220. The inlet of the conical straight nozzle 230 is communicated with the outlet of the second control valve 220. The inner diameter of the conical straight nozzle 230 gradually decreases from the inlet of the conical straight nozzle 230 to the outlet of the conical straight nozzle 230. An arc-shaped baffle 240 connected to the second control valve 220 is arranged at the outlet of the conical straight nozzle 230. The arc-shaped baffle 240 is inclined downward at a certain angle towards the conical straight nozzle 230. The arc-shaped baffle 240 is arranged obliquely, and the angle between the arc-shaped baffle 240 and the horizontal plane is an acute angle. The arc-shaped baffle 240 is used to collide with the liquid organic fertilizer sprayed through the conical straight nozzle 230 so that the liquid organic fertilizer is evenly sprayed onto the ground.

[0041] When the liquid organic fertilizer enters the inside of the conical straight nozzle 230, due to the gradually decreasing inner diameter of the conical straight nozzle 230, the flow rate of the liquid organic fertilizer increases, and the liquid organic fertilizer sprays towards the arc-shaped baffle 240 at a very high flow rate. After the liquid organic fertilizer collides with the arc-shaped baffle 240, it is distributed to both sides and the rear of the arc-shaped baffle 240, so as to be evenly sprayed onto the ground.

[0042] Further, a flow guiding protrusion is arranged on the side of the arc-shaped baffle 240 facing the conical straight nozzle 230. The flow guiding protrusion is in the shape of a cone or a hemisphere. When the liquid organic fertilizer sprays towards the flow guiding protrusion, under the guiding action of the flow guiding protrusion, the liquid organic fertilizer diffuses around, so as to be evenly sprayed onto the ground.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, fertilizer inlets are provided on both sides of the tank body 200. The two fertilizer inlets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front end of the tank body 200. Third control valves 250 are provided at the two fertilizer inlets, and the third control valves 250 are electrically connected to the control device. Specifically, the third control valve 250 is a pull rod control valve, and of course, it can also be other types of control valves.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor 310 is provided in the air exchange box 300. The pressure sensor 310 is used to detect the pressure in the air exchange box 300, and the control device controls the rotation speed of the pressure pump device 400 according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 310.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, an anti-overflow valve 260 is provided at the air inlet port of the tank body 200. The anti-overflow valve 260 is used to prevent the organic fertilizer in the tank body 200 from entering the inside of the air exchange box 300.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the compaction roller component 540 includes a compaction roller assembly 550 and a driving component 560. The driving component 560 includes two connecting plates 561 and two linear driving members 562. The two connecting plates 561 are arranged at intervals. The compaction roller assembly 550 is located between the two connecting plates 561. The two ends of the compaction roller assembly 550 are rotatably connected to one end of the two connecting plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence. The other ends of the two connecting plates 561 are respectively hinged to the frame component 501 through pins. One end of the two linear driving members 562 is respectively hinged to the two connecting plates 561, and the other ends of the two linear driving members 562 are respectively hinged to the frame component 501. Specifically, the linear driving member 562 is an oil cylinder. The cylinder bodies of the two oil cylinders are hinged to the frame component 501 through pins, and the telescopic rods of the two oil cylinders are respectively hinged to the two connecting plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence. When the oil cylinder extends, the height of the compaction roller assembly 550 increases; when the oil cylinder contracts, the height of the compaction roller assembly 550 decreases.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the rolling press assembly 550 includes a rolling press shaft 541, a plurality of soil crushing blades 542, and a plurality of rolling press rods 543. The rolling press shaft 541 has a rod-shaped structure and is arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body 200. The two ends of the rolling press shaft 541 are rotatably connected to one end of two connecting plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence. The soil crushing blades 542 have a circular sheet structure, and a plurality of soil crushing blades 542 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the rolling press shaft 541 at intervals along the axial direction of the rolling press shaft 541, and the soil crushing blades 542 are welded to the rolling press shaft 541. The rolling press rods 543 are angle irons, and a plurality of rolling press rods 543 are arranged around the outer periphery of a plurality of soil crushing blades 542 at intervals and are connected to the edges of the soil crushing blades 542. The rolling press rods 543 form an acute angle with the rolling press shaft 541. During the walking process of the tractor, the rolling press assembly 550 rotates and presses and crushes the soil to level the soil, and can bury the liquid fertilizer to a certain extent to prevent its volatilization and escape of irritating odors.

[0048] As Figure 5 shown, the fertilizer stable distributor 510 includes a buffer tank 511 and a distributor main body. The buffer tank 511 is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the buffer tank 511 is communicated with the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body 200 through a main fertilizer application pipe. The distributor main body includes a distributor cavity 512, a rotating shaft 513, a rotation driving device 514, and a fluid controller 515. The distributor cavity 512 is arranged below the buffer tank 511 and is located above the frame member 501. The top of the distributor cavity 512 is provided with an inlet, and the inlet of the distributor cavity 512 is communicated with the outlet of the buffer tank 511. The bottom of the distributor cavity 512 is provided with a plurality of outlets, and the plurality of outlets of the distributor cavity 512 are arranged at intervals perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body 200. A filter screen is arranged at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512. Connecting components are arranged at both ends of the distributor cavity 512. The rotating shaft 513 is arranged inside the distributor cavity 512, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 513 are rotatably connected to the two connecting components in a one-to-one correspondence. The rotation driving device 514 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 513 and is connected to the distributor cavity 512. The rotation driving device 514 is a motor or a combination of a motor and a speed reducer. A spiral blade 516 extending spirally along the length direction of the rotating shaft 513 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 513, and a cutting knife 517 is arranged at the edge of the spiral blade 516. The cutting knife 517 is used for cutting solid substances in the fertilizer so that the crushed solid substances can flow out through the outlet of the distributor cavity 512. The inlet of the fluid controller 515 is communicated with the outlet of the distributor cavity 512, and the outlet of the fluid controller 515 is communicated with the upper port of the fertilizer application pipe 531 through a fertilizer application hose. The fluid controller 515 is used for providing a gas-liquid buffer zone during the fertilizer discharging process at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 to reduce the pulsating impact caused by the air flow.

[0049] The fertilizer stable distributor 510 provided by the present invention cuts the solid substances in the fertilizer by arranging a cutting knife 517 on at least one side of the spiral blade 516, so that the crushed solid substances can flow out through the outlet of the distributor cavity 512, enabling the fertilizer stable distributor 510 to be applicable to liquid organic fertilizers with complex physical properties. The rotation of the spiral blade 516 causes the liquid organic fertilizer to be uniformly output from the outlet of the distributor cavity 512.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 5 shown, the buffer tank 511 is in the shape of a rectangular box. The inlet of the buffer tank 511 is arranged at the top of the buffer tank 511. A fertilizer inlet connecting pipe 535 is arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 511. Specifically, a connecting flange 536 is arranged on the fertilizer inlet connecting pipe 535, and a fixing flange 537 is arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 511. The fertilizer inlet connecting pipe 535 is connected to the fixing flange 537 through the connecting flange 536. Further, a gasket is arranged between the connecting flange 536 and the fixing flange 537.

[0051] When spreading a single type of liquid organic fertilizer, one inlet is arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 511; when spreading two types of liquid organic fertilizers, two inlets are arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 511, enabling the two types of liquid organic fertilizers to be mixed in the buffer tank 511; if more than two fertilizers are applied, more inlets can be set according to the actual situation.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 8 and 9 shown, the cutting knife 517 includes a base 518 and a plurality of blades 519. The base 518 is connected to the spiral blade 516. The plurality of blades 519 are arranged at intervals on the side of the base 518 facing away from the spiral blade 516. A cutting edge 520 is formed on the side of the blade 519 away from the base 518. The cutting edge 520 is inclined, and the cutting edge 520 forms an acute angle with the base 518. An edge slope is formed between the cutting edge 520 and the side edge of the blade 519, that is Figure 9 the α in

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the length and width of each blade 519 are equal. It should be noted here that the length of the blade 519 is the dimension in the up-down direction in Figure 9 and the width of the blade 519 is the dimension in the left-right direction in Figure 9 The distance between adjacent two blades 519 is equal, and the distance between adjacent two blades 519 is specifically determined according to actual needs.

[0054] When applying biogas slurry, in order to prevent the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 from being blocked due to excessive accumulation of straw, and to reduce the length of the straw, which is more conducive to promoting the decomposition and quality improvement of the straw after it enters the soil, the cutting knife 517 of the spiral blade 516 is specially designed. The cutting knife 517 is made of 65 Mn with high strength, high hardness and elasticity as the material for making the cutting knife 517. Through a large number of experiments, the optimal cutting angle range of straw-like substances is 25 - 30°. Therefore, in this embodiment, the edge slope is set to 25 - 30°, preferably 28°. Further, a spiral cutting groove is provided at the edge of the spiral blade 516, and the base 518 is embedded in the spiral cutting groove. The cutting process of the cutting knife 517 on solids such as straw belongs to cutting with a fulcrum. Therefore, there is no need for too high a requirement for the instantaneous speed when the cutting knife 517 contacts the straw, which can ensure the sufficient cutting of the cutting knife 517 on the straw, and match the appropriate rotation speed of the rotating shaft 513 to achieve the cutting and pulverizing work on solids such as straw.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sequentially connected flow channel units 521 are provided inside the fluid controller 515, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel unit 521 gradually decreases in the direction from top to bottom. Specifically, as Figure 10 shown, the cross-sectional area on the right side of the flow channel unit 521 is larger than that on the left side. An arc-shaped guiding surface is formed on the upper part of the side wall of the flow channel unit 521, and the arc-shaped guiding surface extends to the entrance of the flow channel unit 521. Moreover, the arc-shaped guiding surfaces of the even-numbered flow channel units 521 are on the same side, and the arc-shaped guiding surfaces of the odd-numbered flow channel units 521 are on the same side. Specifically, the arc-shaped guiding surface of the first flow channel unit 521 is on the upper side, the arc-shaped guiding surface of the second flow channel unit 521 is on the lower side, the arc-shaped guiding surface of the third flow channel unit 521 is on the upper side, and the arc-shaped guiding surface of the fourth flow channel unit 521 is on the lower side. A guiding block 522 is provided inside the flow channel unit 521. The guiding block 522 is strip-shaped, and the guiding block 522 is arranged at intervals with the two opposite side walls of the flow channel unit 521. In this way, flow channels are respectively formed on both sides of the guiding block 522 to connect the entrance and the exit of the flow channel unit 521.

[0056] When opening the first control valve 210 of the tank body 200 to discharge fertilizer, since there is gas in the pipeline connecting the tank body 200 and the fertilizer stable distributor 510, when the liquid organic fertilizer in the pipeline flows rapidly, the gas in the pipeline will form an instantaneous pressure pulsation at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 due to the high-speed pushing action of the fluid, which will cause the fertilizing hose to swing disorderly. Long-term swinging is likely to cause the connection of the fertilizing hose to become loose, resulting in unnecessary maintenance work. Therefore, it is necessary to install a fluid controller 515 to provide a gas-liquid buffer zone for the fertilizer discharge at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and reduce the pulsation impact caused by the air flow.

[0057] When the liquid organic fertilizer enters from the inlet of the fluid controller 515, the liquid organic fertilizer enters the inclined straight channel on the upper side of the guide block 522 under the guiding effect of the arc-shaped guide surface, and then enters the next flow channel unit 521. The use of such a flow channel design allows the liquid organic fertilizer to smoothly pass through each flow channel unit 521 without encountering a large resistance; when the liquid organic fertilizer flows in the reverse direction, the liquid organic fertilizer will encounter a large resistance under the action of the guide block 522 and the arc-shaped guide surface.

[0058] The characteristic of the fluid controller 515 is that the fluid controller 515 does not use a traditional switch assembly to control the flow rate, but relies on the principle of fluid dynamics and the ingenious design of the internal structure to achieve unidirectional conduction, thereby achieving the stability of the fluid flow. This design not only improves the efficiency of the fluid flow, but also increases the reliability and durability of the device; the fluid controller 515 acts as a buffer device between the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and the fertilizer hose, so that the liquid organic fertilizer flows smoothly, and does not splash around when flowing to the soil to affect the uniform distribution of nutrients in the soil, thereby improving the stability of the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and reducing the pressure pulsation impact of the fertilizer outlet.

[0059] Furthermore, a soil nutrient monitoring and feedback device is installed at the front end of the tank truck, and a flow regulating device is provided at the outlet of the fluid controller 515. The soil nutrient monitoring and feedback device is electrically connected to the flow regulating device, and the flow regulating device can be a flow electric control valve, or a combination of a signal receiving controller and a flow control device. During the movement of the tank truck, the amount of fertilizer required in the area can be calculated according to the soil nutrient conditions, and the flow regulating device receives the fertilizer amount instruction sent from the soil nutrient monitoring and feedback device in real time, and automatically adjusts the outlet size according to the fertilizer amount instruction, thereby realizing automatic fertilization and precise control of the fertilizer amount.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the connection assembly includes a connection flange 523 and a bearing seat 525. Both ends of the distributor cavity 512 are provided with a fixing flange 524. The distributor cavity 512 is welded to the fixing flange 524. The connection flange 523 is connected to the corresponding fixing flange 524 by bolts. Both the connection flange 523 and the fixing flange 524 are provided with shaft holes. The bearing seat 525 is provided on the side of the connection flange 523 away from the fixing flange 524. The bearing seat 525 is connected to the connection flange 523 by bolts. Both ends of the rotating shaft 513 pass through the corresponding fixing flange 524 and the connection flange 523 and then rotate with the corresponding bearing seat 525 through the bearing 526.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting component further includes a gasket, which is disposed between the fixed flange 524 and the connecting flange 523 to enable the fixed flange 524 and the connecting flange 523 to be in sealing fit. The gasket is also provided with a shaft hole for the rotating shaft 513 to pass through.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 5 shown, the fertilizer stable distributor 510 further includes a residue collection box 528, which is connected to the fixed flange 524 at one end of the distributor cavity 512 away from the rotary drive device 514. The fixed flange 524 and the connecting flange 523 at one end of the distributor cavity 512 away from the rotary drive device 514 are both provided with residue discharge ports 529, and the residue discharge ports 529 are communicated with the residue collection box 528. The fibrous substances, stones, etc. in the liquid organic fertilizer rotate along with the rotating shaft 513 and move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 513. When passing through the cutting knife 517, the cutting knife 517 will cut off the fibrous substances, and the stones are crushed by the cutting knife 517. Part of the cut fibrous substances and small stones will flow into the field along the pipeline through the filter screen, and the other part of the solids that do not pass through will move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 513 to the residue discharge port 529 and fall into the residue collection box 528 through the collection box inlet via the residue discharge port 529. Further, since the bearing seat 525 of the residue collection box 528 is inside the residue collection box 528, in order to prevent the bearing seat 525 from rusting, a partition plate is provided inside the residue collection box 528 to separate the bearing seat 525 from the liquid organic fertilizer.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the residue collection box 528 is provided with an installation port, and the installation port is provided with a bottom cover detachably connected to the residue collection box 528. Specifically, the residue collection box 528 and the bottom cover are connected by bolts. Preferably, a sealing gasket is provided between the residue collection box 528 and the bottom cover.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the distributor body further includes a permanent magnet 544, a magnetic pole shoe 545, and a magnetic sleeve 546. The permanent magnet 544 is disposed on the inner surface of the inner ring of the bearing 526. Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the inner ring of the bearing 526, and the annular permanent magnet 544 is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetic pole shoe 545 is disposed on one side of the permanent magnet 544. The magnetic sleeve 546 is sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft 513, and the permanent magnet 544 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the magnetic sleeve 546. An annular gap is formed between the magnetic sleeve 546 and the permanent magnet 544. There is magnetic fluid in the annular gap. A rotating magnetic field circuit is formed between the magnetic sleeve 546 and the permanent magnet 544, which firmly adsorbs the magnetic fluid located in the annular gap in the annular gap, forming a fluid ring similar to an O-ring, filling the gap with the magnetic fluid and completely blocking it, achieving the final sealing purpose. Using the above magnetic sealing structure has the following advantages: First, the magnetic fluid seal has extremely high sealing performance and can almost achieve leak-free sealing. This highly stable sealing performance ensures the stable operation of the liquid fertilizer distributor under extreme working conditions. In contrast, the leakage rate of traditional seals is usually high, especially under high pressure, high speed or extreme working conditions, and the sealing performance may be affected.

[0065] Second, since there is no direct contact between the moving part and the static part in the magnetic fluid seal, mechanical wear is avoided, so it has a long service life and simple daily maintenance. Usually, only some magnetic fluid needs to be replenished regularly to restore the original state, without complex maintenance work. As traditional seals are used for a long time, problems such as wear and aging often occur, resulting in a decline in sealing performance. Therefore, the seals need to be replaced regularly, and necessary maintenance and upkeep work are required.

[0066] Third, the magnetic fluid seal has a wide range of rotational speed adaptability and can be used whether it is stationary, low-speed or high-speed. At the same time, the magnetic fluid seal has strong adaptability and can cope with different working conditions such as different media, temperatures and pressures. The adaptability and flexibility of traditional seals are relatively weak, and different types of seals may need to be replaced under different working conditions to meet the requirements.

[0067] Fourth, the magnetic fluid seal does not generate mechanical friction noise and heat generation during operation, which is beneficial to maintaining the stable operation of the equipment and extending its service life. Traditional seals may generate certain noise and heat generation during high-speed operation or under high pressure, which has a certain impact on the operation stability and service life of the equipment.

[0068] Working principle of the fertilizing equipment: When the tanker drives the vacuum pump to extract the gas in the tank body 200, the pressure in the tank body 200 decreases, and the liquid organic fertilizer can flow into the tank body 200 through the fertilizer inlet on both sides of the tank body 200. When the tanker drives the vacuum pump to pump gas into the tank body 200, the pressure in the tank body 200 increases, and the liquid organic fertilizer in the tank body 200 flows out through the fertilizer discharge port and into the inside of the buffer tank 511. Under the action of the inner wall of the buffer tank 511, it flows to the distributor cavity 512. The rotating shaft 513 rotates driven by the motor, and the spiral blades 516 with a certain spacing evenly distribute the liquid organic fertilizer to the outlet below the distributor cavity 512. The fibrous substances, stones, etc. in the liquid organic fertilizer rotate with the rotating shaft 513 and move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 513. When passing through the cutting knife 517, the cutting knife 517 will cut off the fibrous substances, and the stones are crushed by the cutting knife 517. Part of the cut fibrous substances and small stones will enter the inside of the fluid controller 515 through the filter screen and finally flow into the field along the pipeline. The other part of the solids that do not pass through will move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 513 to the residue discharge port 529 and fall into the residue collection box 528 through the residue discharge port 529 and the collection box inlet.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalently replace some of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization device, characterized in that: include: A vehicle frame (100), wherein wheels are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame (100); A tank body (200) is arranged on the vehicle frame (100), and the tank body (200) is provided with an air intake port; A ventilation box (300), the ventilation box (300) being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air outlet of the ventilation box (300) being in communication with the air inlet port of the tank body (200); A pressure pump device (400), the pressure pump device (400) being in communication with the air inlet of the ventilation box (300) via an air pipeline, the pressure pump device (400) being used to change the pressure inside the tank body (200) so as to allow liquid organic fertilizer to flow into or out of the tank body (200); A fertilizer discharging device (500) comprises a frame component (501), a fertilizer stabilizing distributor (510), a plurality of furrow openers (530) and a pressing roller component (540), wherein the frame component (501) is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body (200), the frame component (501) is connected to the vehicle frame (100) or the tank body (200), the fertilizer stabilizing distributor (510) is arranged at the upper part of the frame component (501), and the inlet of the fertilizer stabilizing distributor (510) is connected to the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body (200) through a fertilizer main pipe; a plurality of furrow openers (530) are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the frame component (501) along a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body (200), and a layered fertilization mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the furrow opener (530), and the layered fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilization pipe (531). 1) and a layered plate (532), the fertilizer pipe (531) is connected to the furrow opener (530), the upper end of the fertilizer pipe (531) is connected to the outlet of the fertilizer stabilizing distributor (510) through a fertilizer hose, the lower end of the fertilizer pipe (531) is provided with a first fertilizer hole (533), the side wall of the fertilizer pipe (531) is provided with a second fertilizer hole (534), the layered plate (532) is installed at the second fertilizer hole (534), the layered plate (532) is hinged to the fertilizer pipe (531), and the fertilizer flow rate output from the first fertilizer hole (533) and the second fertilizer hole (534) can be changed by changing the angle between the layered plate (532) and the horizontal plane; the pressing roller component (540) is arranged behind the furrow opener (530) and is hinged to the frame component (501).

2. The fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharge port of the tank body (200) is provided with a first control valve (210), and the fertilizer main pipe is in communication with the first control valve (210).

3. The fertilization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fertilizer outlet is provided at the lower part of the tank body (200) near one end of the fertilizer discharging device (500), and a second control valve (220) is provided at the fertilizer outlet. A conical straight nozzle (230) is provided at the outlet of the second control valve (220), and an arc-shaped baffle (240) connected to the second control valve (220) is provided at the outlet of the conical straight nozzle (230). The arc-shaped baffle (240) is used to collide with the liquid organic fertilizer sprayed through the conical straight nozzle (230) so that the liquid organic fertilizer is evenly sprayed onto the ground.

4. The fertilization equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped baffle plate (240) is arranged obliquely, and the angle between the arc-shaped baffle plate (240) and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

5. The fertilization equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the tank body (200) are provided with fertilizer inlets, and the fertilizer inlets are provided with third control valves (250).

6. The fertilization equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The ventilation box (300) is provided with a pressure sensor (310).

7. The fertilization equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The air inlet port of the tank body (200) is provided with an anti-overflow valve (260).

8. The fertilization equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pressing roller component (540) comprises a pressing roller assembly (550) and a driving assembly (560), wherein the driving assembly (560) comprises two connecting plates (561) and two linear driving members (562), wherein two ends of the pressing roller assembly (550) are rotationally connected to one end of the two connecting plates (561) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the other ends of the two connecting plates (561) are hinged to the frame component (501), and one end of the two linear driving members (562) are hinged to the two connecting plates (561) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the other ends of the two linear driving members (562) are hinged to the frame component (501).

9. The fertilization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The linear drive component (562) is an oil cylinder.

10. The fertilization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressing roller assembly (550) comprises a pressing roller shaft (541), a plurality of soil crushing blades (542) and a plurality of pressing rods (543); the two ends of the pressing roller shaft (541) are rotationally connected to one end of the two connecting plates (561) in a one-to-one correspondence; the plurality of soil crushing blades (542) are sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressing roller shaft (541) at intervals along the axial direction of the pressing roller shaft (541); the plurality of pressing rods (543) are arranged at intervals around the outer periphery of the plurality of soil crushing blades (542) and are connected to the edges of the soil crushing blades (542); the pressing rods (543) form an acute angle with the pressing roller shaft (541).

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