Passive grab loose material open press molding process test device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of passive snatch type loose material open type compression molding process test device, including supporting unit, power unit and forming unit three parts, wherein, supporting unit includes bottom plate, first guide rail frame, force sensor, supporting column, second guide rail frame, vision module, slider, guide rail and rack support;Power unit includes rack, main shaft, gear, driver, snatch roller and bearing module;Forming unit includes first pressing strip, mould base, mould and second pressing strip.The device utilizes the rotation of snatch roller to passively snatch loose material into open mold for compression molding, breaks through the technical bottleneck that piston type loose material molding test device working condition is not consistent with actual, provides test device and method for the design and optimization of mold roller type loose material molding equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of feed machinery and biomass energy utilization, specifically relating to a passive grasping open compression molding process test device for loose materials. Background Technology

[0002] Ring die pellet mills, representing die-roller-type loose material forming equipment, are fundamental equipment in the feed industry and biomass energy industry. The main working principle of this equipment is as follows: loose material is fed into the gap between the pressure roller and the die through a die with through holes, where it is actively grasped and finally extruded through the through holes, achieving dense forming of the loose material. Throughout the process, the through holes are not closed, making it an open-type pressing process. Currently, the main problem with this technology is the inability to resolve the contradiction between energy consumption, wear, and product quality. Real-world production equipment consumes a large amount of materials, lacks adjustment mechanisms for testing, and cannot conduct relevant experiments. Scholars have conducted extensive research on this issue and found that constructing experimental devices for process testing is an effective means of exploring solutions to this contradiction.

[0003] A review of relevant domestic and international literature revealed that while scholars have constructed various experimental devices, all employing a piston-reciprocating mechanism. No patents or literature related to the passive grasping open-type pressing process experimental device for loose materials, as described in this invention, were found. Patents ZL201110034338.5, ZL201310629828.9, ZL201710396368.8, and ZL202110615260.X mention different forms of loose material densification molding devices. These devices are all designed based on the piston-reciprocating pressing principle and mostly only support closed-type pressing (i.e., pressing requires first sealing the bottom of the mold hole, then unsealing after molding to extrude the material), which differs from the mechanical principle of roller-type loose material molding equipment. Patent ZL201410196571.7 mentions a powder rotary extrusion granulation mechanical parameter measuring device, employing active grasping technology. It uses the friction between the material and the template to drive the material, achieving active grasping and pressing. However, when the template speed is too high, the material will slip against the template, making normal testing impossible. In addition, the addition of loose material in this patent is carried out by the material falling under gravity, which makes it impossible to precisely control the initial height distribution of the test material according to the test requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for a passive grasping open pressing molding process of loose materials. Targeting the "passive rotation grasping" and "open pressing" characteristics of roller-type loose material densification equipment, it provides a test platform with consistent working conditions and tests the flow state of the material and the stress on the mold during the molding process, thereby providing support for the optimized design of roller-type loose material densification process and equipment.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A passive grasping open-type compression molding process test device for loose materials, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] Support unit, used to support the power unit and molding unit;

[0008] The power unit includes a rack, a main shaft, gears, a driver, a grasping roller, and a bearing module. The rack is mounted on a rack support, and the main shaft is supported on a support unit by the bearing module. The main shaft is equipped with gears, a driver, and a grasping roller. The gears mesh with the rack, the driver is located at the end of the main shaft, and the grasping roller is located between the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

[0009] The forming unit includes a first pressing strip, a mold base, N molds and a second pressing strip, where N ≥ 1. The mold base is a grooved plate that is set on the support unit. The N molds are placed in the groove of the mold base and pressed together by the first pressing strip and the second pressing strip.

[0010] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0011] (1) The present invention adopts a grasping open pressing method, which breaks through the technical bottleneck of the most widely used piston-type loose material forming test device having inconsistent working conditions with reality.

[0012] (2) The present invention adopts passive grasping, which breaks through the problem of inconsistent material and mold speed under active grasping conditions in the test environment.

[0013] (3) The present invention can realize the pressing test of loose material under the initial height axial linear distribution state of the material, which changes the current situation of the randomness of the initial state of the material in the relevant test device and the inability to control it accurately. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the experimental device for passively grasping loose materials open-type compression molding process of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 These are three views of the experimental device for passively grasping loose materials in open compression molding process according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the molding unit of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of molds with different hole shapes and layouts according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the initial material height distribution in the molding unit test material of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Combination Figures 1-3 A passive grasping open compression molding process test device for loose materials, including

[0021] Support unit that serves as a fixed support and for acquiring mechanical signals;

[0022] A power unit used to provide power and to grasp and compress loose materials;

[0023] A molding unit used for filling and pressing loose materials;

[0024] The support unit includes a base plate 1, a first guide rail frame 2, M force sensors 3, M support columns 4, a second guide rail frame 5, a vision module 6, a slider 7, a guide rail 8, and a rack bracket 9, where M ≥ 4. The base plate 1 is the base of the entire device, on which the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 are mounted. Between the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 are M force sensors 3 and M support columns 4. The M support columns 4 are respectively mounted on the base plate 1 through the corresponding M force sensors 3. The top of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 is provided with a guide rail 8, and a slider 7 is fitted on the guide rail 8. One of the sliders 7 is provided with a vision module 6. The outer side of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 is a rack bracket 9, which is mounted on the base plate 1.

[0025] The power unit includes a rack 10, a main shaft 11, a gear 12, a driver 13, a grasping roller 14, and a bearing module 15. The rack 10 is mounted on a rack support 9. The main shaft 11 is supported by the bearing module 15, on which the gear 12, driver 13, and grasping roller 14 are mounted. The bearing module 15 includes a bearing seat and a bearing, which are respectively mounted on the slider 7 at the top of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5. The gear 12 meshes with the rack 10. The driver 13 is located at the end of the main shaft. The grasping roller 14 is located between the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5.

[0026] The forming unit includes a first pressing strip 16, a mold base 17, N molds 18 and a second pressing strip 19, where N ≥ 1. The mold base 17 is a grooved plate and is set on M support columns 4. The N molds 18 are placed in the groove of the mold base 17 and pressed together by the first pressing strip 16 and the second pressing strip 19.

[0027] When filling loose material for testing, a scraper must be used to level the loose material along the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19. That is, the distribution of the filling material along the axial direction of the grabbing roller 14 is controlled by the height difference and distance between the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19.

[0028] The design parameters of some key components should be designed based on the actual mold roller type loose material forming equipment, including the outer diameter of the grasping roller 14, the size and distribution of the P through holes on the mold 18, and the height difference and distance between the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19. Among them, the outer diameter of the grasping roller 14 is equal to the outer diameter of the pressure roller of the actual equipment, the size and distribution of the P through holes on the mold 18 are consistent with the actual equipment, the distance between the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19 is equal to the effective working width of the mold of the actual equipment, the height difference between the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19 is equal to the range of the axial distance of the particles produced by the actual equipment, and the average height of the first pressure bar 16 and the second pressure bar 19 is equal to the theoretical material height on the surface of the mold of the actual equipment.

[0029] The axial width of the grabbing roller 14 is 1.5 times the diameter of the through hole on the die 18.

[0030] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 A passive grasping open compression molding process test device for loose materials, the method and steps are as follows:

[0031] Step 1: Place the material to be tested on top of the mold 18, and use a scraper to scrape off the excess material along the edges of the first pressure strip 16 and the second pressure strip 19.

[0032] Step 2: Drive the gripping roller 14 to rotate, so that the material is passively gripped and squeezed into the through hole provided on the mold 18 until the rotation center of the gripping roller 14 passes through all the molds 18. Use the vision module 6 to record the flow of the material during the pressing process, and use the force sensor 3 to record the force acting on the mold.

[0033] Step 3: Drive the grasping roller 14 back to the initial position;

[0034] Step 4: Repeat steps 1 and 3 several times until the axial length of the material extruded from the through holes of all molds 18 exceeds the length of the through holes of molds 18.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 A passive grasping open-type compression molding process test device for loose materials, comprising:

[0037] Support unit that serves as a fixed support and for acquiring mechanical signals;

[0038] A power unit used to provide power and to grasp and compress loose materials;

[0039] A molding unit used for filling and pressing loose materials;

[0040] The support unit includes a base plate 1, a first guide rail frame 2, four force sensors 3, four support columns 4, a second guide rail frame 5, a vision module 6, a slider 7, a guide rail 8, and a rack bracket 9. The base plate 1 is the base of the entire device, on which the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 are fixed by welding. Between the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 are four force sensors 3 (commercially available) and four support columns 4. The four support columns 4 are respectively fixed to the base plate 1 by threaded connection through the corresponding four force sensors 3. The top of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 are each provided with a guide rail 8 and a slider 7 by screw connection. A vision module 6 (commercially available) is provided on the slider 7 on the second guide rail frame 5 for capturing the flow of materials during the test. The outer side of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 is a rack bracket 9, which is welded and fixed to the base plate 1.

[0041] The power unit includes a rack 10, a main shaft 11, a gear 12, a driver 13, a grasping roller 14, and a bearing module 15. The rack 10 is mounted on a rack support 9. The main shaft 11 is supported by the bearing module 15, on which the gear 12, driver 13, and grasping roller 14 are connected by a key. The bearing module 15 includes a bearing seat and a bearing, which are fixed to the slider 7 on the top of the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5 by screws. The gear 12 meshes with the rack 10. The driver 13 is a handwheel located at the end of the main shaft. The grasping roller 14 is located between the first guide rail frame 2 and the second guide rail frame 5.

[0042] The molding unit includes a first pressing strip 16, a mold base 17, seven molds 18, and a second pressing strip 19. The mold base 17 is a grooved plate that is set on four support columns 4. The seven molds 18 are placed in the groove of the mold base 17 and pressed together by the first pressing strip 16 and the second pressing strip 19.

[0043] If the actual mold roller type loose material forming equipment has a pressure roller radius of 80mm, an effective mold width of 100mm, uniformly distributed mold holes with a diameter of 10mm, a length of 10mm, and a center distance of 15mm, and the maximum theoretical material height on the mold surface during operation is 10mm, and the particle axial dimension range obtained from sampling is 1mm, then the design parameters of the experimental device for the forming process of the modified equipment are as follows: the radius of the grasping roller 14 is 80mm and the width is 15mm, a cylindrical through hole with a diameter of 10mm and a length of 10mm is provided on the mold 18, the center distance between adjacent molds 18 on the forming unit after assembly is 15mm, the height of the first pressure strip 16 is 10mm, the height of the second pressure strip 19 is 11mm, and the distance between the first pressure strip 16 and the second pressure strip 19 is 100mm.

[0044] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 A passive grasping open compression molding process test device for loose materials, the method and steps are as follows:

[0045] Step 1: Place the material to be tested on top of the mold 18, and use a scraper to scrape off the excess material along the edges of the first pressure strip 16 and the second pressure strip 19.

[0046] Step 2: Drive the gripping roller 14 to rotate, so that the material is passively gripped and squeezed into the through hole provided on the mold 18 until the rotation center of the gripping roller 14 passes through all the molds 18. Use the vision module 6 to record the flow of the material during the pressing process, and use the force sensor 3 to record the force acting on the mold.

[0047] Step 3: Drive the grasping roller 14 back to the initial position;

[0048] Step 4: Repeat steps 1 and 3 several times until the axial length of the material extruded from the through holes of all molds 18 exceeds the length of the through holes of molds 18.

Claims

1. A test device for a passive grasping type open compression molding process for loose materials, characterized in that, include: A support unit is used to support the power unit and the molding unit. The support unit includes a base plate (1), a first guide rail frame (2), M force sensors (3), M support columns (4), a second guide rail frame (5), a vision module (6), a slider (7), a guide rail (8), and a rack bracket (9), where M ≥ 4. The base plate (1) is the base of the entire device, on which the first guide rail frame (2) and the second guide rail frame (5) are provided. Between the first guide rail frame (2) and the second guide rail frame (5) are M force sensors (3) and M support columns (4). The M support columns (4) are respectively set on the base plate (1) through the corresponding M force sensors (3). The top of the first guide rail frame (2) and the second guide rail frame (5) are each provided with a guide rail (8). A slider (7) is fitted on the guide rail (8). A vision module (6) is set on one of the sliders (7). The rack bracket (9) is set on the base plate (1). The power unit includes a rack (10), a main shaft (11), a gear (12), a driver (13), a grabbing roller (14), and a bearing module (15). The rack (10) is mounted on a rack support (9). The main shaft (11) is supported on a support unit by the bearing module (15). The main shaft (11) is equipped with a gear (12), a driver (13), and a grabbing roller (14). The gear (12) meshes with the rack (10). The driver (13) is located at the end of the main shaft. The grabbing roller (14) is located between the first guide rail frame (2) and the second guide rail frame (5). The forming unit includes a first pressure strip (16), a mold base (17), N molds (18) and a second pressure strip (19), where N ≥ 1. The mold base (17) is a grooved plate and is set on the support unit. The N molds (18) are placed in the groove of the mold base (17) and pressed together by the first pressure strip (16) and the second pressure strip (19). The outer diameter of the grasping roller (14) is equal to the outer diameter of the actual equipment pressure roller. The size and distribution of the through holes on the mold (18) are consistent with the mold of the actual equipment. The distance between the first pressure bar (16) and the second pressure bar (19) is equal to the effective working width of the mold of the actual equipment. The height difference between the first pressure bar (16) and the second pressure bar (19) is equal to the range of the axial distance of the particles produced by the actual equipment. The average height of the first pressure bar (16) and the second pressure bar (19) is equal to the theoretical material height on the surface of the mold of the actual equipment.

2. The passive grasping type open compression molding process test device for loose materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, When filling loose material for testing, a scraper is used to flatten the loose material along the first pressure bar (16) and the second pressure bar (19). That is, the distribution of the filling material along the axial direction of the grabbing roller (14) is controlled by the height difference and distance between the first pressure bar (16) and the second pressure bar (19).

3. The passive grasping type open compression molding process test device for loose materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial width of the grabbing roller (14) is 1.5 times the diameter of the through hole on the mold (18).

4. The passive grasping type open compression molding process test device for loose materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The molding process steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the material to be tested on top of the mold, and use a scraper to scrape off the excess material along the edges of the first and second pressure strips; Step 2: Drive the gripping roller to rotate, so that the material is passively gripped and squeezed into the through hole set on the mold, until the rotation center of the gripping roller passes through all the molds. Use the vision module to record the flow of the material during the pressing process, and use the force sensor 3 to record the force acting on the mold. Step 3: Drive the grasping roller back to the initial position; Step 4: Repeat steps 1 and 3 several times until the axial length of the material extruded from the through holes of all the molds exceeds the length of the through holes of the molds.

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