A marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nanopower generation

Abstract

The present invention provides a marine microparticle sorting device that combines dielectrophoresis with drum-type triboelectric nanogenerators. The device comprises a drum-type triboelectric nanogenerator, a rectifier and filter circuit, and a microfluidic chip. The output of the drum-type triboelectric nanogenerator is connected to the input of the rectifier and filter circuit to provide voltage for the microfluidic chip. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the voltage generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator, converting the unstable AC high voltage into a stable DC voltage. The input of the microfluidic chip is connected to the output of the rectifier and filter circuit to separate marine microparticle pollutants. By combining the triboelectric nanogenerator with the microfluidic chip, the present invention realizes a self-powered microfluidic operating platform based on drum-type triboelectric nanogenerators. The microfluidic chip is powered by the triboelectric nanogenerator instead of a traditional power source, resulting in a highly secure, portable, and compact platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of new energy power generation and marine microparticle pollutant sorting technology, and more specifically, to a marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis with drum-type friction nanopower generation. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, miniaturization, intelligence, and integration are key trends in modern technological development. Coupled with the continued maturity of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, integrated circuit chips have become irreplaceable in our daily lives. Correspondingly, microfluidic chips, a type of technological chip primarily characterized by the manipulation of microfluidics at the micro- and nanoscale, enable the extraction, cultivation, separation, and sorting of microorganisms, playing a crucial role in disease diagnosis and treatment, biological cell separation, and the separation of marine particulate pollutants.

[0003] In most cases, microfluidic chips require an external high-voltage power supply to power the chip. This traditional power supply method limits the miniaturization, safety, and portability of microfluidic operation platforms. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a controllable, safe, and portable high-voltage power supply for microfluidic operation platforms.

[0004] The friction nanogenerator is a new type of power generation method that uses frictional electrification and electrostatic induction of different materials to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is an energy-efficient conversion device with the advantages of sustainability, high voltage, and portability. It can provide reliable and continuous power supply for equipment and realize a self-powered operating platform. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis with drum-type triboelectric nanogenerators is provided. By integrating a triboelectric nanogenerator with a microfluidic chip, this invention realizes a self-powered microfluidic operating platform based on drum-type triboelectric nanogenerators. This device features a simple structural design and easy installation, eliminating the need for bulky equipment. The triboelectric nanogenerator replaces a traditional power source to power the microfluidic chip, resulting in a highly secure, portable, and compact platform.

[0006] The design structure of this generator has a large friction area and is easy to install and use. It can efficiently convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to power the microfluidic chip, solving the drawbacks of traditional power supply methods. It is of great significance to the microfluidic treatment of marine microparticle pollutant separation.

[0007] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nanogenerator, comprising: a drum-type friction nanogenerator, a rectifier filter circuit, and a microfluidic chip, wherein:

[0009] The output end of the drum-type friction nanogenerator is connected to the input end of the rectifier and filter circuit to provide voltage guarantee for the microfluidic chip;

[0010] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to rectify and filter the voltage generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator, converting the AC high voltage with an unstable waveform into a DC voltage with a stable waveform;

[0011] The input end of the microfluidic chip is connected to the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit, and is used to separate marine microparticle pollutants.

[0012] Furthermore, the drum-type triboelectric nanogenerator includes: a stator with a friction blade inside, a rotor arranged inside the stator, an external sleeve fixed relative to the stator, a power supply, and a stepping motor for driving, wherein:

[0013] Two sets of staggered aluminum foil electrodes are pasted on the inner surface of the stator along lines, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film is covered on the basis of the aluminum foil electrodes as a friction layer; a nylon film of the same size as the rotor is pasted on the outer surface of the rotor as another friction layer;

[0014] The stepper motor is connected to the rotor in the friction nanogenerator, driven by a power supply, and controlled by a computer to set the appropriate speed; the shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the shaft of the rotor. Driven by the shaft of the stepper motor, the rotor rolls and rotates, causing friction between the two friction layers, thereby generating voltage.

[0015] Furthermore, the aluminum foil electrodes are cross-type electrodes, and the two groups of aluminum foil electrodes are interlaced with each other and do not contact each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the rectification and filtering circuit is a voltage doubling circuit, comprising two high-voltage diodes and two high-voltage ceramic capacitors welded on a circuit board, for stabilizing the AC voltage.

[0017] Furthermore, the microfluidic chip includes: a sample liquid inlet, a first focusing channel, a second focusing channel, a first microchannel connected to the first focusing channel, a second microchannel connected to the second focusing channel, a first liquid outlet, a second liquid outlet, a third liquid outlet respectively connected to the first microchannel and the second microchannel, a first oil inlet, a second oil inlet, first microdroplets and second microdroplets respectively formed in the first microchannel, third microdroplets and fourth microdroplets respectively formed in the second microchannel, a first liquid outlet channel and a second liquid outlet channel connected to the first liquid outlet, a third liquid outlet channel and a fourth liquid outlet channel connected to the second liquid outlet, a fifth liquid outlet channel and a sixth liquid outlet channel connected to the third liquid outlet, a positive power supply insertion port arranged at the sample liquid inlet, and a negative power supply insertion port arranged at the first liquid outlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the first microchannel and the first oil inlet are connected, and the second microchannel and the second oil inlet are connected, and T-shaped structures are formed at the connected points. Pressure is applied by an injection pump, and the oil is pumped into the oil reservoir through the first oil inlet and the second oil inlet, so that the oil can form first microdroplets at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel and the first oil inlet are connected, so that the oil can form second microdroplets at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel and the second oil inlet are connected, so that the oil can form third microdroplets at the T-shaped structure where the second microchannel and the first oil inlet are connected, and so that the oil can form fourth microdroplets at the T-shaped structure where the second microchannel and the second oil inlet are connected, and a high-gradient inhomogeneous electric field is generated at the intersection of the first microchannel and the second microchannel with the first microdroplet, the second microdroplet, the third microdroplet and the fourth microdroplet respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the widths of the two T-shaped structures at the connection between the first microchannel and the first oil inlet and the widths of the two T-shaped structures at the connection between the second microchannel and the second oil inlet are different, and the sizes of the first microdroplets, the second microdroplets, the third microdroplets and the fourth microdroplets formed in the first microchannel and the second microchannel are different, which are used to dynamically adjust the electric field gradient.

[0020] Furthermore, by controlling the different spacings between the microdroplets and the microchannels, multi-stage sorting of microparticles is performed, and the spacing between the microdroplets and the microchannels is adjusted according to the sizes of the sorted microparticles; the microparticles are subjected to dielectrophoretic forces in the generated non-uniform electric field, and the forces applied to the particles of different sizes vary, thereby achieving separation of the microparticles.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The marine microparticle sorting device combined with dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nanopower generation provided by the present invention realizes a self-powered microfluidic operation platform based on drum-type friction nanopower generation through the combination of friction nanogenerator and microfluidic chip. It has a simple structural design and is easy to install. It does not require large equipment and realizes the characteristics of high platform safety, portability, and miniaturization.

[0023] 2. The marine microparticle sorting device provided by the present invention combines dielectrophoresis with drum-type friction nanopower generation. The friction nanogenerator replaces the traditional power supply to power the microfluidic chip. In the design structure of the generator, the friction area is large, and the installation and use are simple. It can efficiently convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to power the microfluidic chip, solving the drawbacks of traditional power supply methods. It is of great significance to the microfluidic treatment of marine microparticle pollutant separation.

[0024] 3. The marine microparticle sorting device combined with dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nanopower generation provided by the present invention has broad application prospects, is of great significance to the detection of my country's marine environment, and has a positive impact on the fields of new energy power generation and separation of marine microparticle pollutants.

[0025] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the fields of new energy power generation and separation of marine microparticle pollutants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction nano-power generation module of the marine micro-particle sorting device that combines dielectrophoresis with drum-type friction nano-power generation.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit diagram of the marine microparticle sorting device that combines dielectrophoresis with drum-type friction nanopower generation.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the microfluidic chip of the marine microparticle sorting device combined with dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nanopower generation of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. sample liquid inlet; 2. first liquid outlet; 3. second liquid outlet; 4. third liquid outlet; 5. first focusing channel; 6. first microchannel; 7. second focusing channel; 8. second microchannel; 9. first oil inlet; 10. first microdroplet; 11. third microdroplet; 12. second microdroplet; 13. fourth microdroplet; 14. fifth liquid outlet channel; 15. sixth liquid outlet channel; 16. first liquid outlet channel; 17. second liquid outlet channel; 18. third liquid outlet channel; 19. fourth liquid outlet channel; 20. positive power supply port; 21. negative power supply port; 22. second oil inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0037] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a marine microparticle sorting device that combines dielectrophoresis with drum-type friction nanogenerator, including: a drum-type friction nanogenerator, a rectifier filter circuit and a microfluidic chip, wherein:

[0040] The output end of the drum-type friction nanogenerator is connected to the input end of the rectifier and filter circuit to provide voltage guarantee for the microfluidic chip;

[0041] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to rectify and filter the voltage generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator, converting the AC high voltage with an unstable waveform into a DC voltage with a stable waveform;

[0042] The input end of the microfluidic chip is connected to the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit, and is used to separate marine microparticle pollutants.

[0043] When specifically implemented, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the drum-type friction nanogenerator includes: a stator with a friction blade inside, a rotor arranged inside the stator, an external sleeve fixed relative to the stator, a power supply, and a stepping motor for driving, wherein:

[0044] Two sets of interlaced aluminum foil electrodes are attached along lines to the inner surface of the stator. A layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film is then applied to the aluminum foil electrodes as a friction layer. A nylon film of the same size as the rotor is attached to the outer surface of the rotor as another friction layer. In this embodiment, in a drum-type triboelectric nanogenerator, the outer sleeve is made of acrylic sheet. The friction layer of the inner rotor is identical in size and shape to the acrylic sheet. The friction material of the stator is attached to the surface of the acrylic sheet. The friction layer of the outer stator is identical in size and shape to the outer stator.

[0045] A stepper motor is connected to the rotor in the triboelectric nanogenerator and driven by a power supply. The stepper motor is controlled by a computer to set the appropriate speed. The stepper motor's shaft is connected to the rotor's shaft. Driven by the stepper motor's shaft, the rotor rolls, causing friction between the two friction layers, generating voltage. In this embodiment, the device driving the rotor in the triboelectric nanogenerator is a programmable stepper motor, powered by a 12V power supply.

[0046] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum foil electrodes are cross-type electrodes, and two groups of aluminum foil electrodes are interlaced with each other and do not contact each other.

[0047] When specifically implemented, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3As shown, the rectifier and filter circuit is a voltage doubler circuit, including two high-voltage diodes and two high-voltage ceramic capacitors welded on a circuit board, for stabilizing the AC voltage.

[0048] When specifically implemented, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the microfluidic chip includes: a sample liquid inlet 1, a first focusing channel 5, a second focusing channel 7, a first microchannel 6 connected to the first focusing channel 5, a second microchannel 8 connected to the second focusing channel 7, a first liquid outlet 2, a second liquid outlet 3, a third liquid outlet 4 connected to the first microchannel 6 and the second microchannel 8 respectively, a first oil inlet 9, a second oil inlet 22, a first microdroplet 10 and a second microdroplet 12 respectively formed in the first microchannel 6, and a third microdroplet 1 formed in the second microchannel 8 respectively. 1 and the fourth micro-droplet 13, the first outlet channel 16 and the second outlet channel 17 connected to the first liquid outlet 2, the third outlet channel 18 and the fourth outlet channel 19 connected to the second liquid outlet 3, the fifth outlet channel 14 and the sixth outlet channel 15 connected to the third liquid outlet 4, the positive power supply insertion port 20 provided at the sample inlet 1, and the negative power supply insertion port 21 provided at the first liquid outlet 2, wherein the positive power supply insertion port 20 and the negative power supply insertion port 21 are connected to the positive and negative outputs of the rectifier, filter and voltage stabilization circuit. In this embodiment, the positive power supply insertion port 20 is connected to the positive output of the rectifier and filter circuit. Due to the special structure of the first focusing channel 5 and the second focusing channel 7, when under the action of high voltage, a high-gradient non-uniform electric field is formed at the corners of the first focusing channel 5 and the second focusing channel 7, so that the microparticles entering the first microchannel 6 and the second microchannel 8 can be focused on the central axis position of the serpentine channel, thereby achieving a focusing effect.

[0049] When implementing the invention, please refer to the preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 , connecting the first microchannel 6 and the first oil inlet 9, connecting the second microchannel 8 and the second oil inlet 22, and forming a T-shaped structure at the connection points. Pressure is applied by the injection pump, and the oil is pumped into the oil reservoir through the first oil inlet 9 and the second oil inlet 22, so that the oil can form a first microdroplet 10 at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel 6 and the first oil inlet 9 are connected, so that the oil can form a second microdroplet 12 at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel 6 and the second oil inlet 22 are connected, so that the oil can form a third microdroplet 11 at the T-shaped structure where the second microchannel 8 and the first oil inlet 9 are connected, so that the oil can form a fourth microdroplet 13 at the T-shaped structure where the second microchannel 8 and the second oil inlet 22 are connected, and a high-gradient inhomogeneous electric field is generated at the intersection of the first microchannel 6 and the second microchannel 8 with the first microdroplet 10, the second microdroplet 12, the third microdroplet 11 and the fourth microdroplet 13 respectively.

[0050] When implementing the invention, please refer to the preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 The widths of the two T-shaped structures at the connection between the first microchannel 6 and the first oil inlet 9, and the widths of the two T-shaped structures at the connection between the second microchannel 8 and the second oil inlet 22 are different. The sizes of the first microdroplets 10, second microdroplets 12, third microdroplets 11, and fourth microdroplets 13 formed in the first microchannel 6 and the second microchannel 8 are different, which is used to dynamically adjust the electric field gradient. In this embodiment, multi-stage microparticle sorting is performed by controlling the spacing between the microdroplets and the microchannels, and the spacing between the microdroplets and the microchannels is adjusted according to the size of the sorted microparticles. The microparticles are subjected to dielectrophoretic forces in the generated non-uniform electric field, and the forces exerted on particles of different sizes vary, thereby achieving microparticle separation.

[0051] In this embodiment, the microchannel layer and cover sheet of the microfluidic chip are both made of PDMS material and are manufactured using a photolithography casting process. The manufacturing method is as follows, including:

[0052] Substrate pretreatment: cleaning the substrate with a cleaning solution to remove contaminants on the substrate surface in order to better coat the photoresist. In the present invention, a silicon wafer is selected as the substrate;

[0053] Spin coating photoresist: Spin coating a layer of photoresist on the surface of the pre-treated silicon wafer, usually with the help of a spin coater. The thickness of the photoresist spin coating is related to the spin speed and the viscosity of the photoresist. The spin speed corresponding to the thickness can be obtained by consulting the photoresist instructions;

[0054] Pre-baking: The purpose is to remove the solvent in the photoresist, improve the developability of the film in the developer, improve the adhesion between the silicon wafer and the photoresist, make the film more wear-resistant, and ensure sufficient chemical reaction during exposure;

[0055] Exposure: Place the mask on the pre-baked silicon wafer and use an exposure machine to perform exposure operations to copy the pattern of the mask onto the photoresist;

[0056] Development: The exposed silicon wafer is placed in a developer to wash away excess photoresist and reveal the designed pattern;

[0057] Hard film: Use acetone solution to clean the developed substrate and bake it to remove residual solvent and moisture. Bake for 20 to 25 minutes at a temperature between 150 and 200°C to finally obtain the silicon wafer required for the experiment.

[0058] Mix PDMS and curing agent in a ratio of 10:1 and place it in a vacuum box for 30 minutes. Extract the gas to remove bubbles. After degassing, start pouring the glue and slowly pour the PDMS mixture onto the silicon wafer wrapped by tinfoil. Note that this process should be poured slowly along the wall of the cup to prevent bubbles from forming. Then put the cast silicon wafer into a constant temperature oven and heat it for 2 to 3 hours at 85°C to obtain dry and solidified PDMS. At this time, take out the solidified PDMS and place it at room temperature until it cools down. Then peel off the PDMS and silicon wafer, trim off the excess part, and obtain the channel layer of the microfluidic chip.

[0059] The channel layer and the glass substrate were plasma cleaned for 45 seconds, and then bonded after being taken out. In order to improve the strength of the bond between the two, the microfluidic chip was placed on a heating plate and pressed with a heavy object for 1 hour. After heating, it was left to stand at room temperature for half an hour, and the channel would regain its hydrophilicity.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation, characterized in that: include: Drum-type friction nanogenerator, rectification and filtering circuit, and microfluidic chip, including: The output end of the drum-type friction nanogenerator is connected to the input end of the rectifier and filter circuit to provide voltage guarantee for the microfluidic chip; The rectifier and filter circuit is used to rectify and filter the voltage generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator, converting the AC high voltage with an unstable waveform into a DC voltage with a stable waveform; The microfluidic chip, whose input end is connected to the output end of the rectifier filter circuit, is used to achieve the separation of marine microparticle pollutants; the microfluidic chip comprises: a sample liquid inlet (1), a first focusing channel (5), a second focusing channel (7), a first microchannel (6) connected to the first focusing channel (5), a second microchannel (8) connected to the second focusing channel (7), a first liquid outlet (2), a second liquid outlet (3), a third liquid outlet (4), a first oil inlet (9), a second oil inlet (22), a first microdroplet (10) and a second microdroplet (12) formed in the first microchannel (6), respectively; A third micro-droplet (11) and a fourth micro-droplet (13) are respectively formed in the second micro-channel (8), a first liquid outlet channel (16) and a second liquid outlet channel (17) connected to the first liquid outlet (2), a third liquid outlet channel (18) and a fourth liquid outlet channel (19) connected to the second liquid outlet (3), a fifth liquid outlet channel (14) and a sixth liquid outlet channel (15) connected to the third liquid outlet (4), a power supply positive electrode insertion port (20) provided at the sample liquid inlet (1), and a power supply negative electrode insertion port (21) provided at the first liquid outlet (2), wherein the power supply positive electrode insertion port (20) and the power supply negative electrode insertion port (21) are connected to the positive and negative electrodes output by the rectifier and filter circuits.

2. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drum-type triboelectric nanogenerator comprises: a stator with a friction blade inside, a rotor arranged inside the stator, an external sleeve fixed relative to the stator, a power supply, and a stepping motor for driving, wherein: Two sets of staggered aluminum foil electrodes are pasted on the inner surface of the stator along lines, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film is covered on the basis of the aluminum foil electrodes as a friction layer; a nylon film of the same size as the rotor is pasted on the outer surface of the rotor as another friction layer; The stepper motor is connected to the rotor in the friction nanogenerator, driven by a power supply, and controlled by a computer to set the appropriate speed; the shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the shaft of the rotor. Driven by the shaft of the stepper motor, the rotor rolls and rotates, causing friction between the two friction layers, thereby generating voltage.

3. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The aluminum foil electrodes are cross-type electrodes, and the two groups of aluminum foil electrodes are interlaced with each other and do not touch each other.

4. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rectifier and filter circuit is a voltage doubler circuit, comprising two high-voltage diodes and two high-voltage ceramic capacitors welded on a circuit board, and is used to stabilize the AC voltage.

5. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first microchannel (6) and the first oil inlet (9) are connected, and the second microchannel (8) and the second oil inlet (22) are connected, and a T-shaped structure is formed at the connection points. When pressure is applied by the injection pump, the oil is pumped into the oil reservoir through the first oil inlet (9) and the second oil inlet (22), so that the oil can form a first micro droplet (10) at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel (6) and the first oil inlet (9) are connected, and the oil can form a first micro droplet (10) at the T-shaped structure where the first microchannel (6) and the second oil inlet (22) are connected. The second micro-droplet (12) enables the oil to form a third micro-droplet (11) at the T-shaped structure where the second micro-channel (8) and the first oil inlet (9) are connected, and enables the oil to form a fourth micro-droplet (13) at the T-shaped structure where the second micro-channel (8) and the second oil inlet (22) are connected, and a high-gradient non-uniform electric field is generated at the intersection of the first micro-channel (6) and the second micro-channel (8) with the first micro-droplet (10), the second micro-droplet (12), the third micro-droplet (11) and the fourth micro-droplet (13), respectively.

6. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The widths of the two T-shaped pipes at the connection point between the first microchannel (6) and the first oil inlet (9) and the widths of the two T-shaped pipes at the connection point between the second microchannel (8) and the second oil inlet (22) are different, and the sizes of the first microdroplet (10), the second microdroplet (12), the third microdroplet (11) and the fourth microdroplet (13) formed in the first microchannel (6) and the second microchannel (8) are different, which is used to dynamically adjust the electric field gradient.

7. The marine microparticle sorting device combining dielectrophoresis and drum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: By controlling the different spacing between microdroplets and microchannels, multi-level sorting of microparticles is performed, and the spacing between microdroplets and microchannels is adjusted according to the size of the sorted microparticles; the microparticles are subjected to dielectrophoretic forces in the generated non-uniform electric field, and the forces applied to particles of different sizes vary, thereby achieving separation of the microparticles.

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