Machine shaft head device

Abstract

A machining spindle head device includes a base unit, a spindle head unit and a positioning clutch. An upper retaining ring and a top wall of the base unit jointly define an annular groove. The spindle head unit includes an upper turntable, a spindle head seat and a transmission group. The upper turntable has a convex ring. The positioning clutch includes an inner crown gear, an outer crown gear and a piston member. A lower crown gear of the piston member can be converted between an engaged position and a separated position relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear. By extending the convex ring of the upper turntable into the annular groove and supporting the upper turntable between the upper retaining ring and the top wall, a better meshing effect of the lower crown gear relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a processing device, and particularly to a processing machine spindle head device. Background Art

[0002] There is a prior art of a processing machine spindle head (Taiwan, China Patent No. M483840), which includes a 90-degree side milling head, a indexing module, a grasping module, and a spindle head. The spindle head provides the power source for the 90-degree side milling head. The grasping module suspends the 90-degree side milling head. The indexing module enables the 90-degree side milling head to have the ability to rotate 360 degrees, and the 90-degree side milling head can be combined with the spindle head to receive the power output of the spindle head.

[0003] The 90-degree side milling head is a mechanical structure with a relatively large weight, and its heaviest can reach 200-300 kg. For the safety during operation, a indexing clamping mechanism is generally used to clamp the 90-degree side milling head. The indexing clamping mechanism includes several toothed clutches provided between the grasping module and the 90-degree side milling head, and several hydraulic cylinders provided on the indexing module. The pressure of the hydraulic cylinders is used to push the 90-degree side milling head and the grasping module closer from bottom to top, so that the toothed clutches are engaged and positioned together. When the indexing module needs to drive the 90-degree side milling head to rotate, it is necessary to release the toothed clutches, so that the 90-degree side milling head moves downward by its own weight. At this time, the indexing module can drive the 90-degree side milling head to rotate to the required direction. After the turning is completed, the hydraulic cylinders will apply pressure again to push the grasping module and the indexing module closer by the pressure of the hydraulic cylinders, so that the toothed clutches are engaged and positioned together.

[0004] When the hydraulic pressure is insufficient, the 90-degree side milling head may move downward under the action of its own weight, resulting in incomplete engagement of the toothed clutches, and the accuracy of operating the rotation of the 90-degree side milling head will be affected.

[0005] The indexing clamping mechanism for automatically exchanging the 90-degree side milling head in the foregoing patent case includes several toothed clutches, several hydraulic cylinders, and several force multiplying mechanisms. Although the self-locking effect can be generated through the structural characteristics of the force-saving mechanism, which can increase safety, the overall structure is relatively complex and the manufacturing and assembly are more troublesome. In addition, when the hydraulic cylinder is started and a rotating module moves downward relative to a suspension part, a gap will be generated between the suspension part and the rotating module. Dust and chips generated during processing are likely to get stuck in this gap, which will affect the engagement effect of the toothed clutches when the hydraulic cylinder moves the rotating module closer to the suspension part. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine spindle head device that can solve the existing deficiencies.

[0007] The machining spindle head device of the present invention includes a base unit, a spindle head unit and a positioning clutch, including a base unit, a spindle head unit and a positioning clutch. The base unit includes a top wall surrounding an axis and capable of defining an upper shaft hole, an inner ring wall surrounding the axis and capable of defining a lower shaft hole, and an outer ring wall surrounding the outside of the inner ring wall. The top wall, the inner ring wall and the outer ring wall jointly define an accommodation space. The inner ring wall has an upper retaining ring spaced from the top wall and protruding into the accommodation space. The upper retaining ring and the top wall jointly define an annular groove communicating with the accommodation space. The spindle head unit includes an upper turntable rotatably disposed in the accommodation space, a middle ring fixedly connected to the upper turntable and capable of rotating relative to the base unit, a spindle head seat locked to the bottom of the middle ring, and a transmission group mounted on the spindle head seat. The upper turntable has a convex ring extending into the annular groove and between the top wall and the upper retaining ring. The upper turntable, the middle ring and the inner ring wall jointly define a cylinder chamber. The transmission group has an input shaft extending into the upper shaft hole and the lower shaft hole, an output shaft opposite to the input shaft and perpendicular to the input shaft, and two transmission gears disposed between the input shaft and the output shaft. The positioning clutch includes an inner crown gear disposed on the upper retaining ring and adjacent to the cylinder chamber, an outer crown gear disposed on the upper turntable and adjacent to the cylinder chamber, a piston member capable of moving along the axis and mounted in the cylinder chamber, and a lower crown gear disposed on the piston member and opposite to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear. The inner crown gear and the outer crown gear are located on a reference plane perpendicular to the axis. The lower crown gear can be switched between an engaged position and a disengaged position relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear.

[0008] The machining spindle head device of the present invention further includes a bearing member, and the bearing member is disposed between the upper retaining ring of the base unit and the convex ring of the spindle head unit.

[0009] In the machining spindle head device of the present invention, the bearing member is a needle roller bearing.

[0010] In the machining spindle head device of the present invention, the inner ring wall of the base unit has an upper disk member locked to the bottom of the top wall, an intermediate disk member locked to the bottom of the upper disk member, and a lower disk member locked to the bottom of the intermediate disk member. The upper retaining ring is disposed on the upper disk member. The intermediate disk member has a blocking ring protruding radially into the accommodation space. The lower disk member is spaced from the upper retaining ring along the axis and protrudes radially into the accommodation space. The blocking ring limits the upward movement stroke of the piston member, and the lower disk member limits the downward movement stroke of the piston member.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By making the convex ring of the upper turntable extend into the ring groove, and limiting the upper turntable between the upper retaining ring and the top wall and enabling it to rotate and be supported on the upper retaining ring, the base unit can support the weight of the shaft head unit, ensuring a better meshing effect of the lower crown gear relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear. Moreover, the overall structure is simple, easy to manufacture and assemble, and can prevent dust pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional combined view of an embodiment of the shaft head device of the processing machine of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 is a combined sectional view of this embodiment;

[0014] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an incomplete enlarged schematic view;

[0015] Figure 4 is similar to Figure 2 and is an operating schematic view, showing a lower crown gear of a piston part relative to an inner crown gear and an outer crown gear at a separated position;

[0016] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an incomplete enlarged schematic view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the shaft head of the processing machine of the present invention includes a base unit 10, a shaft head unit 20, a positioning clutch 30, and a bearing member 40.

[0019] The base unit 10 includes a top wall 11 that surrounds an axis L and can define an upper shaft hole 111, an inner ring wall 12 that surrounds the axis L and can define a lower shaft hole 121, and an outer ring wall 13 that surrounds the outside of the inner ring wall 12. The top wall 11, the inner ring wall 12, and the outer ring wall 13 together define a receiving space 14 that is annular groove-shaped around the axis L and has an opening facing downward. The inner ring wall 12 has an upper disk member 122 locked to the bottom of the top wall 11, an intermediate disk member 123 locked to the bottom of the upper disk member 122, and a lower disk member 124 locked to the bottom of the intermediate disk member 123. The upper disk member 122 has an upper retaining ring 125 that is spaced from the top wall 11 and radially protrudes into the receiving space 14. The intermediate disk member 123 has a blocking ring 126 that radially protrudes into the receiving space 14. The lower disk member 124 is spaced from the upper retaining ring 125 along the axis L and radially protrudes into the receiving space 14. The upper retaining ring 125 and the top wall 11 together define an annular groove 15 that communicates with the receiving space 14. The outer surface of the outer ring wall 13 has several scales 131.

[0020] The shaft head unit 20 includes an upper turntable 21 that is rotatable and disposed in the receiving space 14, a middle ring 22 fixed to the bottom of the upper turntable 21 and rotatable relative to the base unit 10, a shaft head seat 23 locked to the bottom of the middle ring 22, and a transmission group 24 mounted on the shaft head seat 23. The upper turntable 21 has a convex ring 211 extending into the annular groove 15 and between the top wall 11 and the upper retaining ring 125. The upper turntable 21, the middle ring 22, and the inner ring wall 12 together define a cylinder chamber 25. The shaft head seat 23 has an index 231 corresponding to the scales 131. The transmission group 24 has an input shaft 241 extending into the upper shaft hole 111 and the lower shaft hole 121, an output shaft 242 opposite to the input shaft 241 and perpendicular to the input shaft 241, and two transmission gears 243 disposed between the input shaft 241 and the output shaft 242. The transmission gears 243 are bevel gears that mesh with each other.

[0021] The positioning clutch 30 includes an inner crown gear 31 disposed on the bottom surface of the upper retaining ring 125, an outer crown gear 32 disposed on the bottom surface of the upper turntable 21, a piston member 33 that can move along the axis L and is mounted in the cylinder chamber 25, and a lower crown gear 34 disposed on the piston member 33 and opposite to the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32. The inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32 are located on a reference plane P perpendicular to the axis L. The blocking ring 126 limits the upward movement stroke of the piston member 33, and the lower disk member 124 limits the downward movement stroke of the piston member 33.

[0022] The bearing member 40 is disposed between the upper retaining ring 125 of the base unit 10 and the convex ring 211 of the shaft head unit 20. The bearing member 40 is a needle bearing and provides smooth rotation of the shaft head unit 20 relative to the base unit 10.

[0023] To further understand the functions generated by the cooperation of the components of the present invention, the technical means used, and the expected effects to be achieved, the following will be further described. It is believed that a more in-depth and specific understanding of the present invention can be obtained therefrom.

[0024] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, when the overall assembly is completed and the piston member 33 is shown in a raised position, the inner crown gear 31 and the outer inner crown gear 32 of the positioning clutch 30 are simultaneously engaged with the lower crown gear 34. The shaft head unit 20 is positioned relative to the base unit 10, and the shaft head seat 23 is stationary relative to the base unit 10. At this time, since the convex ring 211 of the upper turntable 21 extends into the annular groove 15, and the upper turntable 21 is limited between the upper retaining ring 125 and the top wall 11 and can rotate and be supported on the upper retaining ring 125, and the base unit 10 supports the weight of the shaft head unit 20, ensuring a better meshing effect of the lower crown gear 34 relative to the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32. And the pressure source only acts on the piston member 33 and is not affected by the weight of the shaft head unit 20 to affect the meshing force of the lower crown gear 34 relative to the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32.

[0025] Again, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, when indexing and positioning are to be performed, with the base unit 10 in a stationary state, a pressure source (not shown in the figure) is activated and the pressure source enters the cylinder chamber 25 and drives the piston member 33 to move downward. At this time, the piston member 33 is in a lowered position, and the lower crown gear 34 of the positioning clutch 30 is in a separated position relative to the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32, and the positioning clutch 30 is in a disengaged state. Therefore, when an external force (not the focus of the present invention and not shown in the figure) drives the shaft head seat 23 to perform indexing adjustment relative to the base unit 10, with the bearing member 40 disposed between the upper retaining ring 125 of the base unit 10 and the convex ring 211 of the shaft head unit 20, smooth rotation of the shaft head unit 20 relative to the base unit 10 can be provided. Finally, by the scale 131 relative to the index 231 (cooperating with reference Figure 1 ), the rotation angle of the shaft head seat 23 can be known. And after the indexing adjustment, the pressure source is activated again, and the pressure source drives the piston member 33 to move upward and returns to Figure 2 and Figure 3In the shown state, the lower crown gear 34 of the positioning clutch 30 is simultaneously meshed with the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32, and the shaft head unit 20 is positioned relative to the base unit 10.

[0026] Therefore, in the present invention, the convex ring 211 of the upper turntable 21 extends into the annular groove 15, and the upper turntable 21 is limited between the upper retaining ring 125 and the top wall 11 and can rotate and is supported on the upper retaining ring 125, so that the base unit 10 can support the weight of the shaft head unit 20. When the pressure of the pressure source is slightly insufficient, the piston member 33 is not affected by the weight of the shaft head unit 20, and the lower crown gear 34 can still produce a better meshing effect relative to the inner crown gear 31 and the outer crown gear 32.

[0027] Furthermore, the upward and downward movement of the piston member 33 is carried out in the cylinder chamber 25, and no gap is generated between the shaft head seat 23 and the outer ring wall 13, and the dust and chips generated during processing will not affect the meshing effect of the positioning clutch 30.

[0028] In summary, the machining machine shaft head device of the present invention has a simple overall structure and is easy to manufacture and assemble. Moreover, it can ensure the engagement and disengagement effect of the positioning clutch 30, and can truly achieve the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining spindle head device, comprising a base unit, a spindle head unit and a positioning clutch, characterized in that: The base unit includes a top wall surrounding an axis and capable of defining an upper shaft hole, an inner ring wall surrounding the axis and capable of defining a lower shaft hole, and an outer ring wall surrounding the outside of the inner ring wall. The top wall, the inner ring wall and the outer ring wall jointly define an accommodating space. The inner ring wall has an upper retaining ring spaced from the top wall and protruding into the accommodating space. The upper retaining ring and the top wall jointly define an annular groove communicating with the accommodating space; The spindle head unit includes an upper turntable rotatably arranged in the accommodating space, a middle ring fixedly connected to the upper turntable and rotatable relative to the base unit, a spindle head seat locked to the bottom of the middle ring, and a transmission group installed on the spindle head seat. The upper turntable has a convex ring extending into the annular groove and between the top wall and the upper retaining ring. The upper turntable, the middle ring and the inner ring wall jointly define a cylinder chamber. The transmission group has an input shaft extending into the upper shaft hole and the lower shaft hole, an output shaft opposite to the input shaft and perpendicular to the input shaft, and two transmission gears arranged between the input shaft and the output shaft; The positioning clutch includes an inner crown gear arranged on the upper retaining ring and adjacent to the cylinder chamber, an outer crown gear arranged on the upper turntable and adjacent to the cylinder chamber, a piston member capable of moving along the axis and installed in the cylinder chamber, and a lower crown gear arranged on the piston member and relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear. The inner crown gear and the outer crown gear are located on a reference plane perpendicular to the axis. The lower crown gear can be switched between an engaged position and a separated position relative to the inner crown gear and the outer crown gear.

2. The machining spindle head device according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a bearing member, and the bearing member is arranged between the upper retaining ring of the base unit and the convex ring of the spindle head unit.

3. The machining spindle head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing member is a needle bearing.

4. The machining spindle head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring wall of the base unit has an upper disk member locked to the bottom of the top wall, an intermediate disk member locked to the bottom of the upper disk member, and a lower disk member locked to the bottom of the intermediate disk member. The upper retaining ring is arranged on the upper disk member. The intermediate disk member has a barrier ring protruding radially into the accommodating space. The lower disk member is spaced from the upper retaining ring along the axis and protrudes radially into the accommodating space. The barrier ring limits the upward movement stroke of the piston member, and the lower disk member limits the downward movement stroke of the piston member.

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