Grouting anchor rod for water conservancy and hydropower engineering foundation reinforcement construction

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of grouting anchor rod for water conservancy and hydropower engineering foundation reinforcement construction, grouting anchor rod body 1 is overall cylindrical, the inside of grouting anchor rod body 1 is interval and provided with pressurized cheek 2, grouting pressurized rod 4 is fixedly installed in the inside of pressurized cheek 2 in penetrating mode;The inside of grouting anchor rod body 1 is interval and provided with multiple guide columns 3, the inside of grouting anchor rod body 1 is provided with a grouting pressurized rod 4, grouting pressurized rod 4 is fixedly installed in the inside of multiple guide columns 3 in penetrating mode, grouting pressurized rod 4 is also fixedly installed in the inside of pressurized cheek 2 in penetrating mode.Numerical simulation result shows that, using the grouting anchor rod of the utility model can effectively grout and fill up fine crack, and the rated pressure of hydraulic cylinder is greater than the rated grouting pressure of grouting pump, can produce certain pulse effect, reduce the non-uniformity of slurry, greatly improve the effect of grouting.

Description

A grouting anchor rod for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, and in particular to a grouting anchor rod for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Background Technology

[0002] The foundation refers to the soil or rock mass that supports the foundation of a building. As the foundation bears the load of the building, it must have sufficient bearing capacity and stability. The foundation needs to be strengthened through the grouting process. After the concrete reaches the predetermined strength, a high-pressure grouting pump is used to inject cement grout through the pre-embedded grouting pipe. The grout penetrates into the loose soil around the pile tip and combines to form high-strength concrete, thereby strengthening the foundation pile.

[0003] Concrete is a heterogeneous brittle material composed of aggregates, cement, water, and other admixtures. Due to a series of issues related to concrete construction, deformation, and constraint, hardened concrete contains numerous micropores, air pockets, and microcracks. Because these micropores are often present in concrete structures and components, the presence and development of these cracks can cause corrosion of internal materials such as reinforcing steel, reducing the load-bearing capacity, durability, and impermeability of reinforced concrete, thus affecting the appearance and service life of the building.

[0004] In concrete construction, common cracks include drying shrinkage cracks, plastic shrinkage cracks, temperature cracks, and settlement cracks. The causes of each type of crack are explained below:

[0005] (I) Causes of shrinkage cracks

[0006] Shrinkage cracks are generally caused by differences in temperature and evaporation rates between the interior and surface of concrete. The concrete surface is easily affected by the external environment, resulting in rapid moisture loss and surface deformation. However, the interior is not affected by the external environment, so water loss is less and less deformation does not occur. When the surface temperature and humidity reach a certain ratio with the internal temperature and humidity, cracks will appear in the concrete due to the tensile stress generated by surface shrinkage.

[0007] (II) Causes of Plastic Shrinkage Cracks

[0008] Before concrete sets or just begins to set, its surface strength is very low. If exposed to high temperatures or strong winds at this time, the surface moisture will evaporate rapidly, causing the concrete to shrink quickly. Since the concrete's own strength is insufficient to withstand this shrinkage, cracks will form. Common factors contributing to plastic shrinkage cracks in concrete include the water-cement ratio, the concrete's setting time, and external environmental factors such as temperature and wind force.

[0009] (III) Causes of Temperature Cracks

[0010] During the hardening process of concrete, cement generates a large amount of heat of hydration due to hydration. At the same time, because concrete is usually relatively large, it is difficult to dissipate the accumulated heat of hydration in time, resulting in a rapid increase in the internal temperature of the concrete. Meanwhile, the surface of the concrete dissipates heat relatively quickly, creating a large temperature difference between the surface and the interior of the concrete. This temperature difference causes changes in the degree of thermal expansion and contraction between the interior and the surface of the concrete, generating a certain tensile stress on the concrete surface. When this tensile stress exceeds the pressure that the concrete can withstand, cracks will appear on the concrete surface. These cracks are called temperature cracks.

[0011] (iv) Causes of Settlement Cracks

[0012] Settlement cracks are generally caused by unstable foundation structure, loose and uneven soil, or uneven settlement due to insufficient backfill compaction. In addition, insufficient rigidity of formwork or excessive spacing between formwork supports can also cause settlement cracks.

[0013] III. The following are some commonly used methods for treating concrete cracks:

[0014] (a) Surface repair method. This method is usually used to treat cracks that do not affect the structure and load-bearing capacity. The usual measures are to apply cement grout and epoxy putty to the surface of the crack, or to apply anti-corrosion materials such as asphalt and paint to the surface of the crack. In order to prevent the crack from widening, fiberglass cloth or other materials can usually be used to stick to the surface after the coating.

[0015] (II) Grouting and Sealing Method. Grouting or sealing is generally used for cracks that affect the overall structure, and is also commonly used for cracks with high seepage prevention requirements. Grouting mainly involves using pressure equipment to inject a bonding material into the concrete cracks, allowing the bonding material to harden and become an integral part of the original concrete, thus not only filling the cracks but also providing reinforcement. Commonly used bonding materials include cement grout, epoxy resin, etc.

[0016] (III) Structural Strengthening Method. If cracks in the concrete affect the safety of the concrete structure itself, structural strengthening methods need to be considered. Structural strengthening methods typically involve increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the concrete structure or using prestressing and bonded steel plates.

[0017] (iv) Concrete replacement method. The replacement method is often used when dealing with severely damaged concrete. The process involves removing the damaged concrete and replacing it with new concrete or other materials. Commonly used replacement materials include cement mortar, polymer or polymer concrete, etc.

[0018] In current grouting and sealing methods, grout backflow occurs during the process of injecting cementitious materials into concrete cracks using pressure equipment. At the same time, because the pressure equipment cannot continuously perform high-pressure grouting, it is necessary to inject grout intermittently to generate pulses, and the cementitious material cannot be completely injected into the tiny cracks.

[0019] Therefore, a multi-stage grouting anchor is proposed for use in grouting operations to solve the problems existing in the grouting construction of foundation reinforcement in water conservancy and hydropower projects in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0020] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a grouting anchor rod for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects.

[0021] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0022] A grouting anchor for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects includes a grouting anchor body 1, a pressure plate 2, a guide column 3, and a grouting pressure rod 4; wherein:

[0023] The grouting anchor body 1 is cylindrical in shape and includes a main grout inlet 101 located on the front side and a main grout outlet 102 located on the rear side.

[0024] The grouting anchor body 1 is internally provided with pressure-pressurizing plates 2 at intervals, and the grouting pressure rod 4 is fixedly installed inside the pressure-pressurizing plates 2 through them; wherein, the pressure-pressurizing plates 2 include a ring-shaped plate 201, the outer wall of the plate 201 is fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body 1, and the inner wall of the plate 201 is fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pressure rod 4; each plate 201 is evenly distributed with several unidirectional grouting structures, each unidirectional grouting structure includes a grout inlet 204 located on the front side and a grout outlet 203 located on the rear side, the inner diameter of the grout inlet 204 is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout outlet 203, and a unidirectional rotating plate 202 is hingedly installed on the top of the grout outlet 203;

[0025] The grouting anchor body 1 is provided with multiple guide posts 3 at intervals inside. The guide post 3 is generally in the shape of a ring and includes a ring-shaped fixing ring 301 and a circular guide hole 302. The fixing ring 301 is provided with a number of flow guide holes 303. The outer wall of the fixing ring 301 is vertically fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body 1. A grouting pressure rod 4 is slidably installed through the guide hole 302.

[0026] The grouting anchor body 1 is provided with a grouting pressure rod 4 inside. The grouting pressure rod 4 is slidably installed inside multiple guide columns 3. The grouting pressure rod 4 is also fixedly installed inside the pressure plate 2. An outer limiting block 401 is installed on the grouting pressure rod 4 located outside the grouting anchor body 1, and an inner limiting block 402 is installed on the grouting pressure rod 4 located inside the grouting anchor body 1.

[0027] The present invention also has the following additional technical features:

[0028] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the front part of the main slurry outlet 102 is provided with an anti-blocking hinge structure, the anti-blocking hinge structure includes a hinge column 103 located on the inner wall of the main slurry outlet 102, and an opening and closing blade 104 is installed on the hinge column 103.

[0029] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the main grout inlet 101 is connected to the grout outlet pipe of the grouting pump, the grout inlet pipe of the grouting pump is connected to the grout tank, and the grout in the grout tank is injected into the grouting anchor body 1 of the multi-stage grouting anchor through the suction and injection of the grouting pump.

[0030] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the front part of the grouting pressure rod 4 is connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends or retracts, driving the grouting pressure rod 4 to push forward or pull back.

[0031] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the grout material is a material with epoxy resin or polyurethane as the main component, the viscosity of the grout material is 125 mpa.s; the grouting pressure of the grouting pump is 0.3 MPa.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0033] Numerical simulation results show that the grouting anchor bolt of the present invention can effectively fill the tiny cracks with grout. At the same time, the rated pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than the rated grouting pressure of the grouting pump, which can generate a certain pulse effect, reduce the non-uniformity of the grout, and greatly improve the grouting effect. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 3 and 4 are partial structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0036] Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the pressure cheek patch 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the guide post 3 of the present invention;

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Grouting anchor body, 2. Pressure plate, 3. Guide column, and 4. Grouting pressure rod. Detailed Implementation Methods

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] A grouting anchor rod for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects includes a grouting anchor rod body 1, a pressure plate 2, a guide column 3, and a grouting pressure rod 4.

[0041] The grouting anchor body 1 is cylindrical in shape, including a main grout inlet 101 located on the front side and a main grout outlet 102 located on the rear side. The front part of the main grout outlet 102 is provided with an anti-clogging hinge structure, which includes a hinge post 103 hinged to the inner wall of the main grout outlet 102, and an opening and closing blade 104 is installed on the hinge post 103.

[0042] The grouting anchor body 1 is made of hard stainless steel, and the anti-clogging hinge structure is also made of hard stainless steel. Before grouting, an anchoring machine is used to drill grouting holes at the cracks in the slope. Then, the grouting anchor body 1 of the multi-stage grouting anchor is inserted into the drilled grouting hole. During the insertion process, the opening and closing blades 104 remain closed to prevent soil and rock from entering the grouting anchor body 1 and clogging the main grout outlet 102. When grouting is performed, the grout inside the grouting anchor body 1 impacts and opens the opening and closing blades 104, causing the grout to be ejected from the main grout outlet 102 for grouting.

[0043] The grouting anchor body 1 is provided with pressure-pressurizing plates 2 at intervals inside. The pressure-pressurizing plates 2 include ring-shaped plates 201. The plates 201 are made of soft nylon material and have the functions of being resistant to bending and preventing leakage.

[0044] The outer wall of the gill plate 201 is fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body 1, and the inner wall of the gill plate 201 is fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pressure rod 4; the grouting pressure rod 4 moves forward or backward at the center of the gill plate 201. Several unidirectional grouting structures are evenly distributed on each gill plate 201. The function of the unidirectional grouting structure is that when the grouting pump is grouting, the unidirectional grouting structure opens, allowing grout to enter the interior of the grouting anchor body 1. When the grouting pump is not grouting, the unidirectional grouting structure closes, sealing the grout inside the grouting anchor body 1 to prevent leakage from the grouting anchor body 1 due to its own pressure.

[0045] The unidirectional grouting structure includes a grout inlet 204 at the front and a grout outlet 203 at the rear. The inner diameter of the grout inlet 204 is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout outlet 203. A unidirectional rotating plate 202, made of hard stainless steel, is hinged to the top of the grout outlet 203. When the grouting pump is performing grouting, the unidirectional rotating plate 202 opens, allowing grout to enter the interior of the grouting anchor body 1. When the grouting pump is not performing grouting, the unidirectional rotating plate 202 closes, sealing the grout inside the grouting anchor body 1 and preventing leakage due to the grout's own pressure.

[0046] The grouting anchor body 1 has multiple guide posts 3 spaced apart inside. Each guide post 3 is circular in shape and includes a circular fixing ring 301 and a circular guide hole 302. The fixing ring 301 has several flow holes 303. The outer wall of the fixing ring 301 is vertically welded and fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body 1. A grouting pressure rod 4 is slidably installed through the guide hole 302. The guide hole 302 and the grouting pressure rod 4 are fitted with a clearance fit.

[0047] The grouting anchor body 1 is provided with a grouting pressure rod 4 inside. The grouting pressure rod 4 is slidably installed inside multiple guide columns 3. The length of the grouting pressure rod 4 inside the grouting anchor body 1 is less than the total length of the grouting anchor body 1.

[0048] The grouting pressure rod 4 is also fixedly installed inside the pressure plate 2. An outer limiting block 401 is installed on the grouting pressure rod 4 located outside the grouting anchor body 1, and an inner limiting block 402 is installed on the grouting pressure rod 4 located inside the grouting anchor body 1. The outer limiting block 401 limits the grouting pressure rod 4 when it is pushed forward, preventing it from being pushed too far forward. The outer limiting block 401 also limits the grouting pressure rod 4 when it is pulled backward, preventing it from being pulled too far backward. Both the outer limiting block 401 and the inner limiting block 402 are used to protect the pressure plate 2, preventing the grouting pressure rod 4 from being pushed too far forward or pulled too far backward, thus preventing damage to the pressure plate 2.

[0049] The main grout inlet 101 is connected to the grout outlet pipe of the grouting pump, and the grout inlet pipe of the grouting pump is connected to the grout tank. The front part of the grouting pressure rod 4 is connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends or retracts, driving the grouting pressure rod 4 to push forward or pull back. The grout tank is used to hold the prepared grout. The grout in the grout tank is drawn in and injected into the grouting anchor body 1 of the multi-stage grouting anchor by the grouting pump. The grout material is a material with epoxy resin or polyurethane as the main component, the viscosity of the grout material is 125 MPa·s, and the grouting pressure of the grouting pump is 0.3 MPa.

[0050] The rated pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than the rated grouting pressure of the grouting pump.

[0051] A method for operating grouting anchors used in foundation reinforcement construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects:

[0052] Step 1: Before use, select a suitable grouting pump, grout tank, prepared grout, and hydraulic cylinder according to the actual needs of the foundation reinforcement construction of the water conservancy and hydropower project. The prepared grout is placed in the grout tank. The grout inlet pipe of the grouting pump is connected to the grout tank. The grout outlet pipe of the grouting pump is connected to the main grout inlet 101 of the multi-stage grouting anchor. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the front of the grouting pressure rod 4.

[0053] Step 2: Before grouting, use an anchor bolting machine to drill grouting holes at the cracks in the slope. The spacing and location of the drilled grouting holes must meet relevant requirements. Insert the grouting anchor body 1 of the multi-stage grouting anchor into the drilled grouting hole. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder should be in the retracted state, that is, the inner limit block 402 should be against the inner wall of the innermost guide column 3. Then prepare for the grouting operation.

[0054] Step 3: During grouting, the grouting pump starts working, and the grout enters the grouting anchor body 1 from the main grout inlet 101. As the amount of grout entering the grouting anchor body 1 increases, it impacts and pushes open the one-way rotating plate 202 of the pressure plate 2. The grout flows through the pressure plate 2 through the grout inlet 204 and then through the grout outlet 203 into the next stage cavity until the grout in the grouting anchor body 1 impacts and opens the opening and closing blade 104. The grout is then impacted and sprayed out from the main grout outlet 102, injected into the grouting hole, and injected into the crack.

[0055] Step 4: Stop grouting. The grouting pump stops working. At this time, the grout is no longer injected into the grouting anchor body 1. The one-way rotating plate 202 of the pressure gill 2 closes, so that the grouting anchor body 1 forms a closed cavity space.

[0056] Step 5: The hydraulic cylinder works, the telescopic shaft extends, driving the grouting pressure rod 4 forward. The grouting pressure rod 4 drives the pressure plate 2 forward. At this time, the volume of the closed cavity space formed by the pressure plate 2 and the grouting anchor body 1 gradually decreases, so that the grout in the closed cavity space is gradually injected into the grouting hole and into the crack, until the outer limit block 401 is attached to the outer wall of the grouting anchor body 1.

[0057] Step 6: Pressurized grouting. The hydraulic cylinder operates, the telescopic shaft retracts, driving the grouting pressure rod 4 to pull back. The pulling back of the grouting pressure rod 4 causes the pressure gill plate 2 to move backward. At this time, the grout enters the grouting anchor body 1 from the main grout inlet 101. As the amount of grout entering the grouting anchor body 1 increases, it impacts and pushes open the one-way rotating plate 202 of the pressure gill plate 2. The grout flows through the grout inlet 204, through the pressure gill plate 2, and through the grout outlet 203 into the next stage cavity. The grout in the grouting anchor body 1 impacts and opens the opening and closing blade 104. The grout is impacted and sprayed out from the main grout outlet 102, injected into the grouting hole, and injected into the crack. This continues until the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is completely retracted, that is, the inner limit block 402 is attached to the inner wall of the innermost guide column 3.

[0058] Step 7: Repeat steps 4-6 until the crack is completely filled with grout.

[0059] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

Claims

1. A grouting anchor rod for foundation reinforcement construction in water conservancy and hydropower projects, characterized in that, The system includes a grouting anchor body (1), pressure plates (2), a guide post (3), and a grouting pressure rod (4); wherein: the grouting anchor body (1) is cylindrical in shape, including a main grout inlet (101) on the front side and a main grout outlet (102) on the rear side; pressure plates (2) are spaced apart inside the grouting anchor body (1), and the grouting pressure rod (4) is fixedly installed inside the pressure plates (2) through them; wherein, the pressure plates (2) include ring-shaped plates ( 201), the outer wall of the cheek piece (201) is fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body (1), and the inner wall of the cheek piece (201) is fixed to the outer wall of the grouting pressure rod (4); each cheek piece (201) has several unidirectional grouting structures evenly spaced; the unidirectional grouting structure includes a grout inlet (204) located on the front side and a grout outlet (203) located on the rear side, the inner diameter of the grout inlet (204) is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout outlet (203), and the top of the grout outlet (203) is... A hinged unidirectional rotating plate (202) is installed; multiple guide posts (3) are spaced apart inside the grouting anchor body (1), each guide post (3) being annular in shape, including a fixed ring (301) and a guide hole (302) in the shape of a circular hole, with several guide holes (303) provided on the fixed ring (301); wherein, the outer wall of the fixed ring (301) is vertically fixed to the inner wall of the grouting anchor body (1), and a through sliding device is installed in the guide hole (302). The grouting anchor body (1) is equipped with a grouting pressure rod (4); a grouting pressure rod (4) is installed inside the grouting anchor body (1), the grouting pressure rod (4) is slidably installed inside multiple guide columns (3), and the grouting pressure rod (4) is also fixedly installed inside the pressure plate (2); an outer limiting block (401) is installed on the grouting pressure rod (4) located outside the grouting anchor body (1), and an inner limiting block (402) is installed on the grouting pressure rod (4) located inside the grouting anchor body (1).

2. The grouting anchor bolt for foundation reinforcement construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front part of the main slurry outlet (102) is provided with an anti-clogging hinge structure, which includes a hinge column (103) located on the inner wall of the main slurry outlet (102) and an opening and closing blade (104) is installed on the hinge column (103).

3. The grouting anchor bolt for foundation reinforcement construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main grout inlet (101) is connected to the grout outlet pipe of the grouting pump, and the grout inlet pipe of the grouting pump is connected to the grout tank. The grout in the grout tank is injected into the grouting anchor body (1) of the multi-stage grouting anchor through the suction and injection of the grouting pump.

4. The grouting anchor bolt for foundation reinforcement construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front part of the grouting pressure rod (4) is connected to the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends or retracts, driving the grouting pressure rod (4) to push forward or pull back.

5. The grouting anchor for foundation reinforcement construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grouting material is made of epoxy resin or polyurethane as the main component, with a viscosity of 125 MPa·s; the grouting pump has a grouting pressure of 0.3 MPa.

Images