A device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant, which includes a laser, a collimator, a position sensor, and a data acquisition and processing module. The laser is used to emit laser light; the collimator is fixedly connected to the reference equipment of the ship power plant and is connected to the laser, and there is a certain angle between the center line of the collimator and the center line of the equipment to be measured of the ship power plant; the position sensor is fixedly connected to the equipment to be measured, and the photosensitive surface of the position sensor is installed opposite to the collimator, and is used to sense the laser beam of the collimator; the data acquisition and processing module is electrically connected to the position sensor and is used to collect and process the electrical signal of the position sensor. According to the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant of the present invention, it can effectively improve the monitoring accuracy of the alignment deviation of the equipment to be measured relative to the reference equipment, has a high degree of automation, and has a simple structure, a small volume, and strong compatibility with the measured systems such as ship power plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine diesel engine power plants, and particularly to a device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant. Background Art

[0002] The power plant is a crucial part of the marine power system. The alignment of the power plant, that is, the shaft alignment of the power plant, is one of the key tasks in the integration operation of the power plant. The alignment quality directly affects the operating cost and reliability of the power plant. If the alignment exceeds the tolerance, it is easy to cause the force on the bearing to become complex, increase the wear of the bearing and the sealing device, and even cause the bearing to "seize the shaft", the coupling to bear abnormal torque, reduce the service life and transmission efficiency, and the shafting vibration to exceed the standard. The alignment exceeding the tolerance will bring huge operation risks and economic losses.

[0003] Currently, the alignment quality is mainly ensured from two aspects. One is the static alignment during installation and commissioning, and the other is the online monitoring of the alignment during the operation of the power plant.

[0004] The methods for ensuring static alignment mainly include the straightedge method, the dial indicator method, and the laser method. The straightedge method is generally used for rough alignment of equipment or occasions with relatively low alignment accuracy requirements. The single dial indicator method in the dial indicator method is convenient to operate and has high accuracy, and is widely used. The laser method can avoid the systematic error caused by the deformation of the dial indicator measuring rod, is simple to operate on site and is easy to realize automation and intelligence, and has gradually shown a trend of replacing the dial indicator method in the past two decades.

[0005] The online monitoring technology for alignment is currently in the exploratory development stage, and various technical solutions have different degrees of limitations. And due to the structure of the existing online alignment monitoring device, it is difficult to be integrated with the measured system, and the compatibility with different measured systems is poor. And the installation accuracy requirements for the monitoring device are relatively high, and it is impossible to measure the displacements in multiple directions and the rotation angles at the same time.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant to at least partially solve the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention section, which will be further detailed in the Detailed Description section. The Summary of the Invention section of the present invention does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0008] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant, the device comprising:

[0009] A laser, which is used to emit laser light;

[0010] A collimator, which is fixedly connected to a reference device of the marine power plant and is connected to the laser. There is a certain angle between the center line of the collimator and the center line of the device under test of the marine power plant;

[0011] A position sensor, which is fixedly connected to the device under test, and the photosensitive surface of the position sensor is installed opposite to the collimator, and is used to sense the laser beam of the collimator;

[0012] A data acquisition and processing module, which is electrically connected to the position sensor and is used to acquire and process the electrical signals of the position sensor.

[0013] For the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant according to the present invention, the collimator is fixedly connected to a reference device of the marine power plant, and the center line of the collimator is configured to form a certain angle with the center line of the device under test of the marine power plant, which can effectively improve the monitoring accuracy of the alignment deviation of the device under test relative to the reference device; the position sensor is fixedly connected to the device under test, and the photosensitive surface of the position sensor is installed opposite to the collimator, which can ensure that the position sensor senses the laser beam emitted by the collimator; by collecting and processing the electrical signals of the position sensor through the data acquisition and processing module, the degree of automation of alignment monitoring can be effectively improved. In addition, for the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant according to the present invention, the structure is simple and the volume is small. When in use, only the collimator and the position sensor need to be installed on the reference device and the device under test of the marine power plant, and there are no special requirements for the arrangement positions of the laser and the data acquisition and processing module. Therefore, it has strong compatibility with the device under test such as the marine power plant, and the installation position can be adjusted within a large range.

[0014] Optionally, the center line of the collimator passes through the center point of the photosensitive surface of the position sensor.

[0015] Optionally, the measurement accuracy of the position sensor is δ, the measurement error of the displacement of the device under test along the center line direction of the device under test is ε, and the angle between the center line of the collimator and the center line of the device under test is not less than arctan(δ / ε).

[0016] Optionally, the device further includes a beam splitter, the beam splitter is connected to the laser, and the collimator is connected to the beam splitter through an optical fiber.

[0017] Optionally, there are at least three collimators, the number of the position sensors is the same as the number of the collimators, and they correspond to the collimators one by one.

[0018] Optionally, the reference device is a diesel engine, the device under test is a shaft bracket or a generator, and the collimator and the position sensor are respectively installed at positions opposite to the body of the diesel engine and the body of the shaft bracket or the generator.

[0019] Optionally, the reference device is a diesel engine, the device under test is a shaft bracket or a generator, the collimator is installed on the outer surface of the output shaft of the diesel engine, and the position sensor is installed on the outer surface of the transmission shaft connected to the shaft bracket or the generator.

[0020] Optionally, the collimator is connected to the reference device by welding or screwing, and the position sensor is connected to the device under test by welding or screwing.

[0021] Optionally, the position sensor is a two-dimensional position sensor, and the two-dimensional position sensor is configured as one of a light spot position sensor, a CCD camera, a CMOS camera, and a quadrant sensor.

[0022] Optionally, the data acquisition and processing module includes a correction module, and the correction module is used to correct the measurement errors caused by the thermal expansion and oil film change of the reference device and the device under test. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The following drawings of the present invention are hereby used as a part of the present invention to understand the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings and their descriptions are used to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0024] In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant and the ship power plant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of the connection between the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant and the ship power plant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the correction of the device under test of the device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0029] 100: Device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant 110: Laser

[0030] 120: Beam splitter 130: Collimator

[0031] 131: First collimator 132: Second collimator

[0032] 133: Third collimator 140: Optical fiber

[0033] 150: Position sensor 151: First position sensor

[0034] 152: Second position sensor 153: Third position sensor

[0035] 160: Data acquisition and processing module 161: Data acquisition device

[0036] 162: Server 170: Reference device

[0037] 171: Output shaft 180: Device under test

[0038] 181: Transmission shaft 191: First bolt

[0039] 192: Second bolt 193: Third bolt

[0040] 194: Fourth bolt Detailed implementation manner

[0041] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other instances, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some well-known technical features are not described.

[0042] To thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the present invention. Obviously, the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art of this technology. The preferred implementation manners of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention can also have other implementation manners and should not be construed as limited to the implementation manners presented here.

[0043] It should be understood that the purpose of the terms used herein is only to describe specific implementation manners and not as a limitation of the present invention. The singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. When the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and similar expressions used in the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and not limitations.

[0044] In the present invention, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are merely identifiers and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order, etc. Moreover, for example, the term "first component" does not imply the existence of a "second component" by itself, and the term "second component" does not imply the existence of a "first component" by itself.

[0045] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show representative embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a device 100 for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant includes a laser 110, a collimator 130, a position sensor 150, and a data acquisition and processing module 160. The marine power plant includes a reference device 170 and a device under test 180. The reference device 170 can be a diesel engine, and the device under test 180 can be a shaft bracket for supporting a transmission shaft or a generator.

[0047] The laser 110 is used to generate a single beam of laser light.

[0048] The collimator 130 is connected to the laser 110 to emit the laser beam generated by the laser 110 and adjust the emission direction of the laser beam. The collimator 130 is fixedly connected to the reference device 170 of the marine power plant. For example, the collimator 130 can be fixedly connected to the reference device 170 by means of welding or screwing. In Figure 1 the illustrated embodiment, the collimator 130 is fixedly installed on the body of the reference device 170, such as the body of a reference device 170 like a diesel engine. Preferably, it is installed on the surface of the body of the reference device 170 such as a diesel engine facing the device under test 180 such as a shaft bracket or a generator.

[0049] During the installation process of the collimator 130, preferably, an angle is formed between the center line of the collimator 130 and the center line of the device under test 180 to effectively improve the monitoring accuracy of the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170.

[0050] Preferably, if the measurement accuracy of the position sensor 150 is δ and the measurement error of the displacement of the device under test 180 along the center line direction of the device under test 180 is ε, then the angle between the center line of the collimator 130 and the center line of the device under test 180 is not less than arctan(δ / ε).

[0051] In Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, three collimators 130 are provided: a first collimator 131, a second collimator 132, and a third collimator 133. This allows for the emission of three laser beams. This facilitates the establishment of the nonlinear equation system described below, and by solving the nonlinear equation system, parameters of the movement and / or rotation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170, i.e., the centering deviation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170, can be obtained.

[0052] It is understood that in an embodiment not shown, the number of collimators 130 can be set according to the number of required laser beams, such as four, five, or six. In other words, the number of collimators 130 is at least three.

[0053] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the device 100 for monitoring alignment deviations of a ship power plant preferably further includes a beam splitter 120. The beam splitter 120 is connected to the laser 110 to split the single laser beam generated by the laser 110. Three collimators 130 fixedly connected to a reference device 170 of the ship power plant (e.g., on the body of the reference device 170) are respectively connected to the beam splitter 120 via optical fibers 140 to emit three laser beams. By providing the beam splitter 120, the required number of laser beams can be obtained, thereby reducing the number of lasers 110, which helps to simplify the structure of the device 100 for monitoring alignment deviations of a ship power plant.

[0054] It is understood that in an embodiment not shown, multiple lasers 110, such as at least three lasers 110, can be arranged so that the collimator 130 is directly connected to the lasers 110 in a one-to-one correspondence to emit multiple laser beams, such as at least three laser beams.

[0055] The position sensor 150 is fixedly connected to the device under test 180 and maintains a rigid connection with the device under test 180 . For example, the position sensor 150 may be fixedly connected to the device under test 180 by welding or screwing.

[0056] The position sensor 150 is used to sense the laser beam emitted by the collimator 130. That is, the laser beam emitted by the collimator 130 can form a light spot on the position sensor 150. The position sensor 150 can obtain the position coordinates of the light spot relative to the center of the position sensor 150.

[0057] exist Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the position sensor 150 is fixedly mounted on the body of the device under test 180, such as the body of the device under test 180 like a shaft bracket or a generator, and preferably mounted on the surface of the body of the device under test 180 like a shaft bracket or a generator facing the reference device 170 such as a diesel engine. That is to say, the photosensitive surface of the position sensor 150 is mounted opposite to the collimator 130. Specifically, the photosensitive surface of the position sensor 150 is mounted opposite to the exit port of the collimator 130 to ensure that the position sensor 150 can sense the laser beam emitted by the collimator 130.

[0058] The position sensor 150 can be a two-dimensional position sensor such as a spot position sensor, a CCD camera, a CMOS camera or a quadrant sensor.

[0059] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of the position sensors 150 is the same as the number of the collimators 130. That is, three position sensors 150 are provided, namely a first position sensor 151, a second position sensor 152 and a third position sensor 153. The first position sensor 151 is used to sense the laser beam emitted by the first collimator 131, the second position sensor 152 is used to sense the laser beam emitted by the second collimator 132, and the third position sensor 153 is used to sense the laser beam emitted by the third collimator 133. That is to say, the position sensors 150 and the collimators 130 are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0060] In order to improve the measurement accuracy and ensure that the position sensor 150 can sense the laser beam emitted by the collimator 130 during the process of the device under test 180 moving and / or rotating relative to the reference device 170, when arranging the collimator 130 and the position sensor 150, the collimator 130 or the position sensor 150 should be adjusted so that the intersection point of the center line of the collimator 130 and the photosensitive surface of the position sensor 150 falls near the center point of the photosensitive surface. Preferably, the center line of the collimator 130 passes through the center point of the photosensitive surface of the position sensor 150.

[0061] The data acquisition and processing module 160 is used to acquire and process the electrical signals of the position sensor 150. Specifically, the data acquisition and processing module 160 can include a data acquisition device 161 and a server 162. The data acquisition device 161 is connected to the position sensor 150 and the server 162 to acquire the electrical signals of the position sensor 150, such as the electrical signals related to the position coordinates of the light spot relative to the center of the position sensor 150, and transmit the electrical signals to the server 162 for processing. The server 162 can also be used to solve the non-linear equations mentioned below and output the parameters of the movement and / or rotation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170, that is, output the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170.

[0062] Preferably, the data acquisition and processing module 160 further includes a correction module, which is used to correct the measurement errors caused by the thermal expansion and oil film changes of the reference device 170 and the device under test 180, so as to effectively improve the accuracy of monitoring the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 , which shows another schematic diagram of the connection between the device 100 for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the marine power plant. In the illustrated embodiment, the collimator 130 is installed on the outer surface of the output shaft 171 of the reference device 170 such as a diesel engine, and the position sensor 150 is installed on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 181 connected to the device under test 180 such as a shaft bracket or a generator, so as to further improve the accuracy of monitoring the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170.

[0064] The device 100 for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant according to the present invention has a simple structure and a small volume. When in use, only the collimator 130 and the position sensor 150 need to be installed on the reference device 170 and the device under test 180 of the marine power plant, and there are no special requirements for the arrangement positions of the laser 110, the beam splitter 120 and the data acquisition and processing module 160. Therefore, it has strong compatibility with the device under test system such as the marine power plant, and the installation position can be adjusted within a large range during installation.

[0065] After connecting the device 100 for monitoring the alignment deviation of a marine power plant according to the present invention to the device under test system such as the marine power plant, the corresponding program can be started to online monitor the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 such as the shaft bracket or the generator in the marine power plant relative to the reference device 170 such as the diesel engine. The specific monitoring process is a process of exploring how the position of the light spot formed by the laser beam emitted by the collimator 130 on the position sensor 150 changes.

[0066] Before starting the monitoring, a space coordinate system OXYZ needs to be established first, and a non-linear equation system is established based on the space coordinate system OXYZ. The coordinate origin O of the space coordinate system OXYZ is the intersection point of the photosensitive surface of the position sensor 150 and the center line of the device under test 180. The space coordinate system OXYZ takes the center line of the device under test 180 as the Z axis, the horizontal direction as the X axis, and the vertical direction as the Y axis. Specifically, refer to Figure 3 .

[0067] Taking three collimators 130 and three position sensors 150 as an example, the following non-linear equation system can be established based on the space coordinate system OXYZ:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Among them, R x (α)=[1 0 0; 0cosα-sinα; 0sinαcosα], R y (β)=[cosβ0sinβ; 0 1 0; -sinβ0cosβ], R z (γ) = [cosγ-sinγ0; sinγcosγ0; 0 0 1], where α, β, and γ are the rotation angles of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170 along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the spatial coordinates, respectively; δx, δy, and δz are the displacements of the device under test 180 along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the spatial coordinates, respectively; (x L1 ,y L1 , z L1 )、(x L2 ,y L2 , z L2 ) and (x L3 ,y L3 , z L3 ) are the direction vectors of the laser beams emitted by the first collimator 131, the second collimator 132 and the third collimator 133 at the initial moment; (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2) and (x3, y3, z3) are the spatial coordinates of the light spots formed by the laser beams emitted by the first collimator 131, the second collimator 132 and the third collimator 133 at the first position sensor 151, the second position sensor 152 and the third position sensor 153 in the spatial coordinate system OXYZ; (x'1, y'1, z'1), (x'2, y'2, where (x', y', z'2) and (x', y', z'3) are the spatial coordinates of the light spots formed by the first position sensor 151, the second position sensor 152 and the third position sensor 153 at time t respectively. The spatial coordinate system O'X'Y'Z' is the spatial coordinate system formed when the spatial coordinate system OXYZ moves and / or rotates with the device under test 180 at time t; const1, const2 and const3 are unknown constants.

[0072] The number of equations in the above non - linear equation set is the same as the number of unknown variables. Therefore, by solving the above non - linear equation set through the data acquisition and processing module 160, the displacements δx, δy, and δz of the device under test 180 relative to the reference device 170 along the X - axis, Y - axis, and Z - axis of the space coordinate axes, as well as the rotation angles α, β, and γ can be obtained, that is, the alignment deviation of the device under test 180 such as the shaft bracket or generator relative to the reference device 170 such as the diesel engine.

[0073] When at least one of δx, δy, δz, α, β, and γ exceeds the allowable change range, the data acquisition and processing module 160 can issue a warning and report the degree of exceeding the allowable change range. Under allowable conditions, shutdown and correction can be carried out.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , in the space coordinate system OXYZ, the distance between the coordinate origin O and the bottom surface of the device under test 180 such as the shaft bracket or generator is H, the distance between the second bolt 192 and the third bolt 193 of the device under test 180 such as the shaft bracket or generator is L, the distance between the third bolt 193 and the fourth bolt 194 is W, and the distance from the OXY plane to the third bolt 193 is P.

[0075] During correction, first remove the fasteners such as the first bolt 191, the second bolt 192, the third bolt 193, and the fourth bolt 194. Translate the device under test 180 such as the shaft bracket or generator along the OX direction by - δx, along the OZ direction by - δz, and rotate it around the OY axis by - β; then raise the first bolt 191, the second bolt 192, the third bolt 193, and the fourth bolt 194 by - δy - L / 2×tanγ + W×P / (W + P)×tanα; then raise the third bolt 193 and the fourth bolt 194 by L×tanγ; finally, raise the first bolt 191 and the fourth bolt 194 by W×tanα, and the correction operation can be completed.

[0076] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. Terms such as "part" and "component" herein can represent either a single part or a combination of multiple parts. Terms such as "mounted" and "set" herein can represent either a component being directly attached to another component or a component being attached to another component through an intermediate component. Features described in one embodiment herein can be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable or otherwise stated in that other embodiment.

[0077] The present invention has been described by the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrative and explanatory purposes, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the scope of the described embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present invention, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant, characterized in that, The device includes: a laser for emitting laser light; a collimator fixedly connected to a reference device of the marine power plant and connected to the laser, with a certain angle between the center line of the collimator and the center line of the device under test of the marine power plant; a position sensor fixedly connected to the device under test, and the photosensitive surface of the position sensor is installed opposite to the collimator for sensing the laser beam of the collimator; a data acquisition and processing module electrically connected to the position sensor for acquiring and processing the electrical signal of the position sensor; where the measurement accuracy of the position sensor is δ, the measurement error of the displacement of the device under test along the center line direction of the device under test is ε, and the angle between the center line of the collimator and the center line of the device under test is not less than arctan(δ / ε), and where there are at least three collimators, the number of position sensors is the same as the number of collimators, and they are in one-to-one correspondence with the collimators.

2. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center line of the collimator passes through the center point of the photosensitive surface of the position sensor.

3. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a beam splitter connected to the laser, and the collimator is connected to the beam splitter through an optical fiber.

4. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference device is a diesel engine, the device under test is a shaft bracket or a generator, and the collimator and the position sensor are respectively installed at positions opposite to the body of the diesel engine and the body of the shaft bracket or the generator.

5. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference device is a diesel engine, the device under test is a shaft bracket or a generator, the collimator is installed on the outer surface of the output shaft of the diesel engine, and the position sensor is installed on the outer surface of the transmission shaft connected to the shaft bracket or the generator.

6. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The collimator is connected to the reference device by welding or screwing, and the position sensor is connected to the device under test by welding or screwing.

7. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The position sensor is a two-dimensional position sensor, and the two-dimensional position sensor is configured as one of a spot position sensor, a CCD camera, a CMOS camera, and a quadrant sensor.

8. The device for monitoring the alignment deviation of a ship power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The data acquisition and processing module includes a correction module for correcting the measurement error caused by the thermal expansion and oil film change of the reference device and the device under test.

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