Ridge waveguide coaxial converter output from H-plane

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ridge waveguide-to-coaxial converter with H-plane output. The converter comprises a housing, within which is formed a cavity containing a ridge waveguide structure. One end of the cavity is sealed by an end cap connected to the housing, while the other end is open. A connector coaxial port communicating with the cavity is provided on the H-plane of the housing. A compensating step is provided at one end of the cavity located within the ridge. The compensating step includes at least one step bent 90° toward the H-plane. A connecting portion is provided on the step, coaxially arranged with the connector coaxial port for connection to the connector's inner core. This invention achieves signal output from the narrow walls of a ridge waveguide while miniaturizing both volume and weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic communication equipment, in particular to a ridge waveguide coaxial converter outputting from an H-plane. Background Art

[0002] Ridge waveguides have the characteristics of small cross-section, low main mode cutoff frequency, wide operating frequency band, and low characteristic impedance, and are widely used in various radar systems. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter is an important conversion device in the ridge waveguide circuit, used to convert the electromagnetic wave signal in the ridge waveguide into a coaxial or microstrip transmission line, facilitating the system's subsequent signal processing. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter converts the main mode TE01 mode signal transmitted in the ridge waveguide into a TEM mode signal in the coaxial transmission line. Due to the mode distribution characteristics of the TE01 mode, it is easier to couple from the E-face (wide wall) or end face. Therefore, there are currently two most common ridge waveguide coaxial converters. The first is that the orthogonal mode coaxial output port is located on the E-face (wide wall) of the ridge waveguide; the second is a terminated form, where the coaxial port is coupled out by the end face of the ridge waveguide.

[0003] In radar electronic systems, due to system layout and miniaturization requirements, it is often necessary to directly couple electromagnetic wave signals from the H-face (narrow wall) of the ridge waveguide for signal processing. In this case, due to inherent structural flaws, the two aforementioned waveguide-to-coaxial converters cannot achieve direct output from the narrow wall of the waveguide. Instead, they must be combined with an L-shaped connector or a series of bends in the cable. The L-shaped connector needs to be located outside the ridge waveguide, with its input end located on the wide wall and the output end directed toward the narrow wall through the bend. This structure has the following disadvantages: First, the L-shaped connector has poor echo and insertion loss performance at higher frequencies. Ridge waveguides are primarily used in broadband, high-frequency bands, resulting in poor performance. Second, the L-shaped connector itself adds more than ten millimeters in length, increasing the size and weight of the converter, hindering system miniaturization. It also increases system complexity and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane, the purpose of which is to output signals from the narrow wall of the ridge waveguide while ensuring miniaturization of volume and weight.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present application provides a ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane, comprising a housing, a cavity with a ridge waveguide structure formed therein, one end of the cavity being closed by an end cap connected to the housing, and the other end of the cavity being open, a connector coaxial port being provided on the H-plane of the housing and communicating with the cavity, a compensation step being provided at one end of the ridge within the cavity, the compensation step comprising at least one turning step bent 90° in the direction of the H-plane, a connecting portion being provided on the turning step, the connecting portion being coaxially arranged with the connector coaxial port for connection to the inner core of the connector.

[0007] Further technical solutions are:

[0008] The compensation step also includes several long steps extending along the length direction of the ridge. The heights of the long steps and the turning steps gradually increase along the end of the ridge toward the H-plane, that is, the turning step closest to the H-plane has the highest height, and the long step closest to the end of the ridge has the lowest height.

[0009] The connecting portion is a positioning groove provided on the top surface of the turning step, and is used for positioning when welding with the inner core.

[0010] A gap is formed between the end surface of the turning step along the ridge length direction and the end surface of the cavity adjacent thereto, and between the end surface of the cavity and the side surface of the cavity. The side surface of the cavity is a side surface corresponding to the H surface of the shell.

[0011] At least one tuning screw is provided on the E surface of the housing.

[0012] The mounting hole of the tuning screw is not communicated with the cavity.

[0013] The at least one tuning screw is located directly above the ridge.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] This invention achieves the conversion of electromagnetic wave ridge waveguide modes to coaxial TEM modes. The coaxial port is mounted on the narrow wall of the ridge waveguide and welded to the coaxial core via a turning step, achieving narrow-wall output from the ridge waveguide. The entire structure offers high reliability, low insertion loss, low standing wave, wide bandwidth, and a compact size.

[0016] The long steps and the turning steps of the present invention reduce the characteristic impedance of the ridge waveguide, thereby achieving coaxial impedance matching with the coaxial connector.

[0017] The tuning screw of the present invention can effectively increase the working bandwidth of the converter and compensate for processing errors.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description or may be learned by practicing the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view of .

[0022] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the internal structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a frequency response simulation curve diagram of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Cavity; 2. Connector coaxial port; 3. Tuning screw; 4. End cover; 5. Mounting hole; 6. Ridge; 7. Turning step; 8. Arc segment; 9. Long step; 10. E-surface; 11. H-surface; 12. E-surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, a ridge waveguide coaxial converter outputting from an H-surface includes a housing, wherein a cavity 1 having a ridge waveguide structure is formed in the housing, wherein one end of the cavity 1 is closed by an end cap 4 connected to the housing, and the other end of the cavity 1 is open; a connector coaxial port communicating with the cavity is provided on the H-surface 11 of the housing, and a compensation step is provided at one end of the ridge 6 in the cavity 1, wherein the compensation step includes at least one turning step 7 bent 90° toward the H-surface 11, and a connecting portion is provided on the turning step 7, which is coaxially arranged with the connector coaxial port 2 for connecting to the inner core of the connector.

[0029] This embodiment can be used to turn the electromagnetic wave signal in the ridge waveguide into a coaxial or microstrip transmission line, facilitating subsequent signal processing by the system. Specifically, by setting a turning step 7 at the end of the ridge 6, the connector coaxial port 2 is set on the narrow wall of the ridge waveguide (i.e., the H-plane 11), and can be connected to the external system through a 50-ohm coaxial connector (this port can also be a microstrip line port as needed). The turning step 7 can be used to reduce the characteristic impedance of the ridge waveguide and achieve coaxial impedance matching with 50 coupling, so that the TEM mode signal is output directly from the narrow wall (H-plane) of the ridge waveguide, realizing the narrow wall output of the ridge waveguide. At the same time, this embodiment has a simple and compact structure, is easy to assemble, and is conducive to reducing the overall size of the system.

[0030] The turning step 7 can be set as a rectangle as a whole, and the echo of the entire wave conversion can be improved by controlling the length and width of the turning step 7.

[0031] See also Figure 3 A gap is formed between the end face of the turning step 7 along the length direction of the ridge 6 and the end face of the cavity close to it, as well as between it and the side face of the cavity (a side face corresponding to the H face of the shell). The sizes of the two gaps are x and y respectively. Controlling the sizes of these two places also helps to improve the echo of the entire waveguide coaxial conversion.

[0032] In this embodiment, the connecting portion is specifically a positioning groove provided on the top surface of the turning step 7. The inner core of the coaxial port 2 of the available connector is positioned, the inner core is placed in the positioning groove, and then welded.

[0033] By designing the positioning groove, welding positioning is extremely convenient and easy to position and control the installation tolerance.

[0034] In the above embodiment, see Figure 2 The compensation steps also include several long steps 9 extending along the length direction of the ridge 6. The heights of the long steps 9 and the turning steps 7 gradually increase along the end of the ridge 6 toward the H-surface 11, that is, the turning step 7 closest to the H-surface has the highest height, and the long step 9 closest to the end of the ridge has the lowest height.

[0035] Long steps and curved steps can be used to lower the characteristic impedance of the ridge waveguide, achieving impedance matching with a 50°-coupled coaxial line. The greater the number of long steps and / or curved steps, the wider the bandwidth required. The specific number of steps is determined by the required operating bandwidth.

[0036] The last long step 9 and the turning step 7 can be connected via an arc segment 8 .

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The present embodiment is a ridge waveguide coaxial converter outputting from the H-plane. The difference from the embodiment 1 is that two long steps 9 and two turning steps 7 are provided, and the heights of the long steps and the turning steps gradually increase toward the H-plane direction. Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0039] For the ridge waveguide coaxial converters output from the H-plane of Examples 1 and 2, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 At least one tuning screw 3 is provided on the E surface 10 of the housing. The tuning screw 3 is fixed in a mounting hole 5 provided on the E surface 10 by a nut, and the mounting hole 5 is not connected to the cavity 1.

[0040] The tuning screw can effectively increase the working bandwidth of the converter and compensate for processing errors.

[0041] There is no limit to one tuning screw, and multiple tuning screws can be set as needed to obtain a wider bandwidth.

[0042] Specifically, the tuning screw 3 is arranged right above the ridge 6 .

[0043] See also Figure 6 , which is a simulation curve diagram of the present embodiment 1. It can be seen from the figure that the relative working bandwidth of the ridge waveguide coaxial converter is greater than 20%, and has very good performance.

[0044] The specific parameter design of the steps in the above embodiment can be obtained by simulation optimization using electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and CST.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from an H-plane, comprising a housing, a cavity with a ridge waveguide structure formed in the housing, one end of the cavity being closed by an end cap connected to the housing, and the other end of the cavity being open, characterized in that: A connector coaxial port connected to the cavity is provided on the H surface of the shell, and a compensation step is provided at one end of the ridge in the cavity. The compensation step includes at least one turning step bent 90° in the direction of the H surface. A connecting portion is provided on the turning step, and the connecting portion is coaxially arranged with the connector coaxial port for connecting to the inner core of the connector.

2. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation step also includes several long steps extending along the length direction of the ridge. The heights of the long steps and the turning steps gradually increase along the end of the ridge toward the H-plane, that is, the turning step closest to the H-plane has the highest height, and the long step closest to the end of the ridge has the lowest height.

3. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion is a positioning groove provided on the top surface of the turning step, and is used for positioning when welding with the inner core.

4. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is formed between the end surface of the turning step along the ridge length direction and the end surface of the cavity adjacent thereto, and between the end surface of the cavity and the side surface of the cavity. The side surface of the cavity is a side surface corresponding to the H surface of the shell.

5. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one tuning screw is provided on the E surface of the housing.

6. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting hole of the tuning screw is not communicated with the cavity.

7. The ridge waveguide coaxial converter with output from the H-plane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The at least one tuning screw is located directly above the ridge.

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