A magnetic force ultrasonic auxiliary multi-station shear thickening polishing device, polishing liquid and polishing method

Abstract

The application provides a magnetic force ultrasonic auxiliary multi-station shear thickening polishing device, polishing liquid and polishing method. The application comprises a case, a portal guide rail module, a clamping module, a polishing module and a magnetic force module. The portal guide rail module is fixed on a workbench. The guide rail can move up and down along the portal. The clamping module is used for clamping workpieces to be polished. The clamping module is replaced according to the surface characteristics of different workpieces to realize the simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces. The clamping module is connected with the guide rail of the portal guide rail module so that it can move up and down with the guide rail. The polishing module is used for placing polishing liquid to polish the workpieces. The magnetic force module is provided with a strong magnet. The magnetic force module is sleeved outside the polishing module. The strong magnet is arranged at a position corresponding to the position of the clamping mechanism to guide the metal powder in the polishing liquid to surround the workpieces. The application can realize the efficient, high-quality, high-uniformity, pollution-free and low-cost polishing of complex curved surface workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing technology, and more particularly to a magnetic ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shearing thickening polishing device, polishing fluid, and polishing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology and the development of manufacturing, the application of complex curved surfaces is becoming increasingly widespread. Polishing complex curved surfaces can not only ensure they meet mechanical performance and precision requirements, but also enhance their aesthetic appeal. However, polishing complex curved surfaces remains a global technical challenge, and research on this topic in China is even scarcer. Current polishing methods for complex curved surfaces include small-head polishing, abrasive flow polishing, magnetorheological polishing, and ion beam polishing. However, due to difficulties in implementation and high costs, most companies still rely on manual polishing for complex curved surfaces. Manual polishing is not only inefficient, requiring significant manpower and time, and polluting the environment, but it also heavily depends on human experience, reducing the company's production efficiency.

[0003] Shear thickening refers to the non-Newtonian fluid behavior in which the viscosity of a system increases by orders of magnitude with increasing shear rate or shear stress; it is also known as dilatation. Suspension systems exhibiting shear thickening effects are called shear-thickened fluids. Under high-speed impact, the viscosity of shear-thickened fluids undergoes a significant change, and they can even transform into a solid phase; after the impact is removed, they transform back into a liquid phase.

[0004] Ultrasonic waves can create cavitation in liquids, which can drive the abrasive particles in the polishing fluid, thereby enhancing the mechanical removal of the film during the polishing process.

[0005] Based on the properties of shear thickening fluid and the combined effect of magnetic force and ultrasound, this invention proposes a magnetic and ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shear thickening device, a shear thickening polishing fluid containing metal powder and a polishing process, to achieve efficient, high-quality and low-cost polishing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in current technologies and industry conditions, this invention provides a magnetically and ultrasonically assisted multi-station shear-thickening polishing device, polishing fluid, and polishing process. The polishing fluid is rotated by a polishing tank, and the workpiece is held in the polishing fluid and rotated within the fluid by a clamping mechanism, thus stimulating a shear-thickening effect. Furthermore, magnetic-assisted polishing is introduced, utilizing the property that metal powder is attracted to magnets. Adding metal powder to the polishing fluid, combined with the magnetic module of the polishing device, allows the metal powder to surround the workpiece and form a specific motion trajectory, enhancing the force applied to the workpiece. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted polishing is also introduced, utilizing ultrasonic cavitation to stimulate the movement of abrasive particles in the polishing fluid, making the friction between the abrasive particles and the workpiece more uniform and intense. The polishing fluid is environmentally friendly, and the reagents required to prepare it are inexpensive and readily available, enabling efficient, high-quality, highly uniform, pollution-free, and low-cost polishing of complex curved workpieces.

[0007] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0008] A magnetic ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shearing thickening polishing device includes a chassis, a gantry rail module, a clamping module, a polishing module, and a magnetic module. The chassis houses the polishing module's actuator. One side of the chassis has an execution button, a speed control knob, and a display screen. The gantry rail module is fixed to a worktable, and its guide rails can move up and down along the gantry frame. The clamping module is used to clamp the workpiece to be polished. The clamping module can be replaced according to the curved surface characteristics of different workpieces, enabling simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces. The clamping module is connected to the guide rails of the gantry rail module, allowing it to move up and down with the guide rails. The polishing module holds the polishing fluid and polishes the workpiece. The magnetic module contains a powerful magnet and is sleeved on the outside of the polishing module. The powerful magnet is positioned corresponding to the clamping mechanism and guides the metal powder in the polishing fluid to surround the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the gantry rail module includes a gantry frame, a guide rail, a guide rail fixing plate, and a motor. The gantry frame is fixed on the workbench, and the guide rail is installed on the gantry frame through the guide rail fixing plate. The guide rail is controlled by the motor to achieve lifting and lowering movement.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping module includes a clamping connecting plate and a motor, an ultrasonic device, and a clamping mechanism connected in sequence. The motor is used to control the rotation of the clamping mechanism, and the clamping connecting plate is used to connect the clamping mechanism and the guide rail, so that the clamping mechanism can move up and down with the guide rail. The ultrasonic device can cause cavitation in the polishing fluid, further driving the abrasive particles in the polishing fluid to move randomly, thereby enhancing the uniformity of polishing the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the polishing module includes a polishing barrel, a turntable, bearings, a spindle, a sleeve, a profile frame, a coupling, and a motor. The motor is connected to the spindle via the coupling and fixed to the profile frame. The spindle is connected to the turntable, and a bearing is installed at the connection hole for support. The polishing barrel is welded to the turntable. The motor drives the spindle, the spindle drives the turntable, and the turntable drives the polishing barrel, thus realizing the rotational movement of the polishing barrel. The sleeve is used to surround the spindle and part of the transmission mechanism to prevent the spindle from being subjected to external impacts.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic module includes a magnetic cylinder, bolts, nuts, and powerful magnets. The powerful magnets are fixed to the inner wall of the magnetic cylinder by the bolts and nuts. The powerful magnets are distributed according to the cathode and anode intervals. When polishing liquid is put into the polishing bucket, the powerful magnets will attract the metal powder in the polishing liquid to surround the workpiece and form a certain trajectory movement.

[0013] This invention also provides a polishing fluid for use in the aforementioned polishing apparatus, comprising a base fluid, abrasive, metal powder, and a dispersant. The base fluid is used to mix the abrasive, metal powder, and dispersant to form a shear-thickening fluid. The mass ratio of the abrasive to the metal powder is 1:1-3:1. The abrasive can perform mechanical grinding on the workpiece, and the metal powder, attracted by the magnetic module of the polishing apparatus, can also exert mechanical force on the workpiece. The dispersant can prevent the abrasive from agglomerating, making the abrasive distribution in the polishing fluid more uniform. The abrasive is one or more of diamond, alumina, and silicon oxide, with a particle size between 500 nm and 2 μm, and is distributed by mass. The concentration of the abrasive is between 6-24 wt%. Different types and particle sizes of abrasive can be used depending on the material properties and polishing requirements of different workpieces. The metal powder is one or two of iron powder and iron oxide. This type of metal powder is inexpensive and widely used. The particle size of the metal powder is between 100 mesh and 300 mesh, and the concentration of the metal powder by mass fraction is between 2-24 wt%. The dispersant is one or more of sorbitol, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate. The concentration of the dispersant by mass fraction is between 0.5-2 wt%. All selected dispersants are green and environmentally friendly reagents that do not pollute the environment or harm the human body.

[0014] Furthermore, the base liquid is composed of deionized water and polyethylene glycol mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0015] This invention also discloses a process method based on the above-mentioned magnetic ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shear thickening polishing device and polishing fluid, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. To prepare the polishing slurry, first determine the required mass of polishing slurry. Then, pour deionized water and polyethylene glycol into the polishing tank of the polishing device at a mass ratio of 1:1 as the base liquid. Next, pour the abrasive and metal powder into the polishing tank in the previously calculated proportion. Finally, add the dispersant while stirring with a stirring rod to ensure that the polishing slurry is mixed as evenly as possible.

[0017] S2. Fix the workpiece to the clamping mechanism, and control the guide rail to drive the clamping module down into the polishing barrel until the workpiece is completely immersed in the polishing liquid.

[0018] S3. Start the rotation of the clamping mechanism. At this time, the workpiece can rotate in the polishing fluid, and the polishing fluid has activated the shear thickening effect.

[0019] S4. Start the ultrasonic module. The ultrasonic frequency and amplitude are adjustable to further activate the abrasive in the polishing fluid.

[0020] S5. Start the polishing module. The polishing bucket drives the polishing liquid to rotate. The speed of the rotation can be adjusted according to different polishing processes. Under the action of the magnetic module, the metal powder in the polishing liquid will gather around the workpiece and form a certain trajectory. The shear thickening effect is further enhanced. At this time, the polishing process is complete.

[0021] S6. When polishing is complete, turn off the self-rotation of the polishing module and the clamping mechanism and the ultrasonic device in sequence. By controlling the guide rail, the clamping module holding the workpiece moves upward with the guide rail, the workpiece leaves the polishing liquid and is taken out.

[0022] This invention provides a magnetically and ultrasonically assisted multi-station shearing and thickening polishing device, polishing fluid, and polishing process, which have the following advantages:

[0023] (1) Under the premise that the polishing barrel drives the polishing liquid to rotate, the clamping mechanism can also drive the workpiece to rotate, which not only enhances the shear thickening effect, but also makes the workpiece polished more evenly and comprehensively.

[0024] (2) The clamping module can change the clamping mechanism according to the different surface characteristics of the workpiece, so as to achieve simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces and enhance the adaptability of the device.

[0025] (3) Add an ultrasonic device to further stimulate the activity of the abrasive in the polishing fluid by using ultrasonic cavitation, thereby increasing the uniformity of polishing.

[0026] (4) Add a magnetic module. The powerful magnets are distributed according to the cathode and anode intervals to maximize the magnetic effect. The magnet installation position corresponds to the workpiece polishing position. Under the action of the magnetic module, the metal powder in the polishing liquid will gather around the workpiece and form a certain movement trajectory, which further improves the polishing efficiency.

[0027] (5) The chemical reagents involved in the polishing liquid of the present invention are all green and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the polishing process avoids the powder generated in the traditional polishing process, which greatly reduces the harm to personnel and the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional assembly structure diagram of the device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a front view of the device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gantry rail module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing module structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the polishing module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the magnetic module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the original surface and roughness measurement of a workpiece before polishing, taken as an example in this embodiment of the invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a measurement diagram of the surface and roughness of a workpiece after polishing, taken as an example in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 100, gantry guide rail module; 200, clamping module; 300, polishing module; 400, magnetic module; 500, worktable; 600, chassis; 101, guide rail; 102, guide rail fixing plate; 103, motor; 104, gantry; 201, motor; 202, clamp connecting plate; 203, ultrasonic device; 204, clamping mechanism; 301, polishing barrel; 302, turntable; 303, bearing; 304, spindle; 305, sleeve; 306, profile frame; 307, coupling; 308, motor; 401, magnetic cylinder; 402, bolt; 403, nut; 404, strong magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0046] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0048] like Figure 1-9As shown, this invention discloses a magnetic ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shearing, thickening, and polishing device, including a chassis 600, a gantry rail module 100, a clamping module 200, a polishing module 300, and a magnetic module 400. The chassis 600 houses the actuator of the polishing module 300. One side of the chassis 600 has an execution button, a speed control knob, and a display screen. The gantry rail module 100 is fixed to a worktable 500 and can move vertically. The clamping module 200 can be adjusted according to different workpieces. Due to the curved surface characteristics, the clamping mechanism 204 can be replaced to achieve simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces. The clamping module 200 is connected to the gantry guide rail module 100 through the clamping connecting plate 202 and can move up and down together with the guide rail 104. The polishing module 300 is used to place polishing liquid to polish the workpiece. The magnetic module 400 holds a strong magnet 404. The installation position of the strong magnet 404 corresponds to the clamping mechanism 204, guiding the metal powder in the polishing liquid to surround the workpiece.

[0049] Specifically, the gantry rail module 100 includes a gantry frame 104, a guide rail 101, a guide rail fixing plate 102, and a motor 103. The gantry frame 104 is fixed on the workbench 500, which can be quickly disassembled and installed. It has a stable structure, strong load-bearing capacity, and small footprint. The guide rail 101 is installed on the gantry frame 104 through the guide rail fixing plate 102. The guide rail 101 is controlled by the motor 103 to realize lifting and lowering movement.

[0050] Specifically, the clamping module 200 includes a clamping connecting plate 202 and a motor 201, an ultrasonic device 203, and a clamping mechanism 204 connected in sequence. The motor 201 is used to control the rotation of the clamping mechanism 204. The clamping connecting plate 202 is used to connect the clamping mechanism 204 to the guide rail 104, so that the clamping mechanism 204 can move up and down with the guide rail 104. The clamping mechanism 204 can be disassembled and installed at any time. Different types of clamps can be replaced according to the curved surface characteristics of different workpieces to achieve simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces, which enhances the adaptability of the polishing device. The ultrasonic device 203 is an ultrasonic transducer, which can generate cavitation in the polishing fluid, further driving the abrasive particles in the polishing fluid to generate irregular movement, thereby enhancing the uniformity of polishing the workpiece.

[0051] Specifically, the polishing module 300 includes a polishing barrel 301, a turntable 302, a bearing 303, a main shaft 304, a sleeve 305, a profile frame 306, a coupling 307, and a motor 308. The motor 308 is connected to the main shaft 304 via the coupling 307 and is fixed to the profile frame 306. The main shaft 304 is connected to the turntable 302, and a bearing 303 is installed at the connection hole for support. The polishing barrel 301 is welded to the upper surface of the turntable 302. The motor 308 drives the main shaft 304, which in turn drives the turntable 302, which in turn drives the polishing barrel 301, thereby realizing the rotational movement of the polishing barrel 301. This transmission method has a simple structure and runs smoothly. The sleeve 305 is used to surround the main shaft 304 and part of the transmission mechanism to prevent the main shaft 304 from being subjected to external impacts, ensuring the stability and safety of the device.

[0052] Specifically, the magnetic module 400 includes a magnetic cylinder 401, bolts 402, nuts 403, and a powerful magnet 404. The powerful magnet 404 has a through hole, facilitating its fixation to the inner wall of the magnetic cylinder 401 by the bolts 402 and nuts 403. The powerful magnet 404 is distributed according to the anode-cathode interval to maximize the magnetic effect. The installation position of the powerful magnet 404 corresponds to the workpiece polishing position. When polishing liquid is placed in the polishing tank 301, the powerful magnet 404 attracts the metal powder in the polishing liquid to surround the workpiece and can form a certain trajectory movement, further enhancing the polishing effect on the workpiece. In this embodiment, the magnetic module can be welded to the worktable, and there should be a certain distance between the powerful magnet and the polishing tank to avoid direct contact and friction.

[0053] This solution also provides a polishing fluid, including a base fluid, abrasive, metal powder, and a dispersant. The base fluid is used to mix the abrasive, metal powder, and dispersant to form a shear-thickening fluid. The mass ratio of the abrasive to the metal powder is 1:1 to 3:1. The abrasive can perform mechanical grinding on the workpiece, and the metal powder can also exert mechanical force on the workpiece through the attraction of the magnetic module of the polishing device. The dispersant can prevent the abrasive from agglomerating, making the abrasive distribution in the polishing fluid more uniform.

[0054] Preferably, the base liquid is a mixture of deionized water and polyethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 1:1. Polyethylene glycol is a widely used non-toxic liquid that can withstand a wide temperature range.

[0055] Preferably, the abrasive is one or more of diamond, alumina, and silicon oxide, with a particle size between 500 nm and 2 μm and a concentration of 6-24 wt% by mass. Different types and particle sizes of abrasive can be used depending on the material properties and polishing requirements of different workpieces.

[0056] Preferably, the metal powder is one or both of iron powder and iron oxide. This type of metal powder is inexpensive and widely used. The particle size of the metal powder is between 100 mesh and 300 mesh, and the concentration of the metal powder by mass fraction is between 2 and 24 wt%.

[0057] Preferably, the dispersant is one or more of sorbitol, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate, and the concentration of the dispersant is between 0.5-2 wt%. All selected dispersants are green and environmentally friendly reagents that do not pollute the environment or harm the human body.

[0058] A magnetically and ultrasonically assisted multi-station shearing thickening polishing device, polishing fluid, and polishing method include the following steps:

[0059] S1. To prepare the polishing slurry, first determine the required mass of polishing slurry. Then, pour deionized water and polyethylene glycol into the polishing tank 301 of the polishing module 300 at a mass ratio of 1:1 as the base liquid. Next, pour the abrasive and metal powder into the polishing tank 301 in the previously calculated proportion. Finally, add the dispersant while stirring with a stirring rod to ensure that the polishing slurry is mixed as evenly as possible.

[0060] S2. Fix the workpiece to the clamping mechanism 204, and control the guide rail 101 to drive the clamping module 200 down into the polishing barrel 301 until the workpiece is completely immersed in the polishing liquid.

[0061] S3. Start the rotation of the clamping mechanism 204. At this time, the workpiece can rotate in the polishing liquid, and the polishing liquid has activated the shear thickening effect.

[0062] S4. Start the ultrasonic module 203. The ultrasonic frequency and amplitude are adjustable to further activate the abrasive in the polishing fluid.

[0063] S5. Start the polishing module 300. The polishing barrel 301 drives the polishing liquid to rotate. The speed of the rotation can be adjusted according to different polishing processes. Under the action of the magnetic module 400, the metal powder in the polishing liquid will gather around the workpiece and form a certain movement trajectory. The shear thickening effect is further enhanced. At this time, the polishing process is complete.

[0064] S6. When polishing is complete, turn off the rotation of the polishing module 300, the clamping mechanism 204 and the ultrasonic device 203 in sequence. By controlling the guide rail 101, the clamping module 200 holding the workpiece moves upward with the guide rail 101, the workpiece leaves the polishing liquid and is taken out.

[0065] Figure 10-11Taking a complex curved surface workpiece as an example, the surface quality and roughness value of the workpiece before and after polishing using this embodiment were compared. After polishing using this embodiment, the surface of the workpiece changed from being dull to being very bright, and the roughness value decreased from 0.849μm to 0.470μm. It can be seen that this embodiment has a very good polishing effect on some complex curved surface workpieces.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetically and ultrasonically assisted multi-station shearing, thickening, and polishing device, characterized in that, The system includes a chassis, a gantry rail module, a clamping module, a polishing module, and a magnetic module. The chassis houses the polishing module's actuator and features an execution button, speed control knob, and display screen on one side. The gantry rail module is fixed to the worktable, and its guide rails can move up and down along the gantry frame. The clamping module holds the workpiece to be polished and can be replaced according to the surface characteristics of different workpieces, enabling simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces. The clamping module is connected to the guide rails of the gantry rail module, allowing it to move up and down with the guide rails. The polishing module holds the polishing fluid and polishes the workpiece. The magnetic module contains a powerful magnet and is fitted onto the outside of the polishing module. The powerful magnet is positioned corresponding to the clamping mechanism and guides the metal powder in the polishing fluid to surround the workpiece. The gantry rail module includes a gantry frame, a guide rail, a guide rail fixing plate, and a motor. The gantry frame is fixed on the workbench, and the guide rail is installed on the gantry frame through the guide rail fixing plate. The guide rail is controlled by the motor to achieve lifting and lowering movement. The clamping module includes a clamping connecting plate and a motor, an ultrasonic device, and a clamping mechanism connected in sequence. The motor controls the rotation of the clamping mechanism, and the clamping connecting plate connects the clamping mechanism to the guide rail, allowing the clamping mechanism to move up and down with the guide rail. The ultrasonic device cavitates the polishing fluid, further causing the abrasive particles in the polishing fluid to move randomly, enhancing the uniformity of polishing the workpiece. The clamping mechanism can be disassembled and installed at any time, and different types of clamps can be replaced according to the surface characteristics of different workpieces to achieve simultaneous polishing of multiple workpieces. The polishing module includes a polishing barrel, a turntable, bearings, a main shaft, a sleeve, a profile frame, a coupling, and a motor. The motor is connected to the main shaft via the coupling and is fixed to the profile frame. The main shaft is connected to the turntable, and a bearing is installed at the connection hole for support. The polishing barrel is welded to the turntable. The motor drives the main shaft, the main shaft drives the turntable, and the turntable drives the polishing barrel, thus realizing the rotational movement of the polishing barrel. The sleeve is used to surround the main shaft and part of the transmission mechanism to prevent the main shaft from being subjected to external impacts. The magnetic module includes a magnetic cylinder, bolts, nuts, and powerful magnets. The powerful magnets are fixed to the inner wall of the magnetic cylinder by the bolts and nuts. The powerful magnets are distributed according to the cathode and anode intervals. When polishing liquid is put into the polishing bucket, the powerful magnets will attract the metal powder in the polishing liquid to surround the workpiece and form a certain trajectory movement.

2. A polishing method for the magnetic ultrasonic-assisted multi-station shearing thickening polishing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. To prepare the polishing slurry, first determine the required mass of polishing slurry. Then, pour deionized water and polyethylene glycol into the polishing tank of the polishing device at a mass ratio of 1:1 as the base liquid. Next, pour the abrasive and metal powder into the polishing tank in the previously calculated proportion. Finally, add the dispersant while stirring with a stirring rod to ensure that the polishing slurry is mixed as evenly as possible. S2. Fix the workpiece to the clamping mechanism, and control the guide rail to drive the clamping module down into the polishing barrel until the workpiece is completely immersed in the polishing liquid. S3. Start the rotation of the clamping mechanism. At this time, the workpiece can rotate in the polishing fluid, and the polishing fluid has activated the shear thickening effect. S4. Start the ultrasonic module. The ultrasonic frequency and amplitude are adjustable to further activate the abrasive in the polishing fluid. S5. Start the polishing module. The polishing bucket drives the polishing liquid to rotate. The speed of the movement can be adjusted according to different polishing processes. Under the action of the magnetic module, the metal powder in the polishing liquid will gather around the workpiece and form a certain movement trajectory. The shear thickening effect is further enhanced. At this time, the polishing state is complete. S6. When polishing is complete, turn off the self-rotation of the polishing module and the clamping mechanism and the ultrasonic device in sequence. By controlling the guide rail, the clamping module holding the workpiece moves upward with the guide rail, the workpiece leaves the polishing liquid and is taken out.

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