Powder discharging device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, and discloses a powder discharging device for a laser additive manufacturing device, which includes a substrate, a laser cladding processing head, and a powder discharging mechanism. The laser cladding processing head and the powder discharging mechanism are both arranged on the substrate. The laser cladding processing head is used to form a laser spot on the surface of a workpiece. The powder discharging mechanism includes at least one first pipe body and a positioning component. The input end of the first pipe body is for powder input, and the output end faces the laser spot formed by the laser cladding processing head. The positioning component is used for positioning and fixing the first pipe body on the substrate. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing device of the present invention uses the positioning component to position and fix the first pipe body for powder discharging operation on the substrate, which is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the first pipe body during maintenance, saving time and effort, and being convenient, reliable and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, and particularly to a powder feeding device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment. Background Art

[0002] In view of the vulnerable characteristics of mining equipment, the development of fast, efficient, and precise repair technologies not only has broad market demands, but also has significant economic and social benefits. As a repair method, laser cladding technology mainly adds a cladding material on the surface of a substrate and uses a high-energy density laser beam to melt and solidify it together with a thin layer on the surface of the substrate to form a cladding layer metallurgically bonded to the substrate on the surface of the substrate. Through the application of laser cladding additive manufacturing technology, the repair layer or cladding layer on the surface of parts can be conveniently and specifically designed, and the properties such as strength, hardness, wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance of the surface of metal materials can be improved.

[0003] In the related art, the installation method between the powder feeding component of the laser additive manufacturing equipment and the substrate is mostly connected by screws. In this way, whenever the powder feeding component needs to be disassembled and maintained, it is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also very inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of inconvenient disassembly and assembly between the powder feeding component of the laser additive manufacturing equipment and the substrate in the prior art, the present invention provides a powder feeding device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment.

[0005] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: A powder feeding device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment includes a substrate, a laser cladding processing head, and a powder feeding mechanism. The laser cladding processing head and the powder feeding mechanism are both arranged on the substrate. The laser cladding processing head is used to form a laser spot on the surface of a workpiece. The powder feeding mechanism includes at least one first pipe body and a positioning component. The input end of the first pipe body is for powder input, and the output end faces the laser spot formed by the laser cladding processing head. The positioning component is used for positioning and fixing the first pipe body on the substrate.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above solution, the positioning component includes a second pipe body, a first shaft body, and a self-locking component. The second pipe body is sleeved outside the first pipe body. One end of the first shaft body is fixed to the substrate, and the other end is connected to the second pipe body. The self-locking component is used for mutual fixation between the first pipe body and the second pipe body.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the self-locking component includes a first rod body, one end of the first rod body facing the first tube body is movably arranged on the inner wall of the second tube body, and the other end is provided with a clamping block. A first clamping groove matching the clamping block is opened on the outer side of the first tube body, and a first elastic member is arranged between the side of the first rod body away from the first tube body and the inner wall of the second tube body.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above solution, the first elastic member is a first spring, both ends of which are respectively connected to the clamping block and the inner wall of the second tube body, and when the clamping block is clamped in the first clamping groove, the first spring is in a compressed deformation state.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above solution, the positioning assembly further includes a second rod body, the second rod body is vertically arranged on a side of the first rod body away from the first tube body and protrudes out of the second tube body, a second shaft body is movably inserted at the intersection of the first rod body and the second rod body, and the second shaft body is fixed to the inner wall of the second tube body;

[0010] By moving the second rod, the first rod is driven to rotate around the second shaft, forcing the clamping block to disengage from the first clamping slot.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a sleeve that can move axially is provided on the outer side of the second tube body, a connecting rod is axially arranged on the end surface of the sleeve facing the second rod body, and a pressure block that is extruded and matched with the connecting rod is arranged at the free end of the second rod body.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, a roller is provided at one end of the connecting rod, and the pressure block has a pressure surface that rolls and presses with the roller.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, a support plate is arranged on the outer side of the second tube body, and a second elastic member is arranged between the support plate and the sleeve body.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above solution, the second elastic member is a second spring, both ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the support plate and the sleeve, and when the roller contacts and squeezes the pressure-bearing surface, the second spring is in a stretched deformation state.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, the number of the first tubes is two, and the two first tubes are axially symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the laser cladding processing head.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment of the present invention has the first pipe body for powder discharging operation positioned and fixed on the substrate by a positioning component, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the first pipe body during maintenance, saving time and effort, and being convenient, reliable and efficient.

[0018] 2. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment of the present invention can effectively fix the first pipe body after being inserted into the second pipe body through the second pipe body and the self-locking component in the positioning component, which is safe and reliable.

[0019] 3. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment of the present invention can conveniently adjust the axial position of the first pipe body relative to the second pipe body through the cooperation of the second rod body, the sleeve body, the connecting rod, the roller and the pressure-bearing block, improve the adaptability of the laser spot at the output end of the first pipe body to the surface of the workpiece, or facilitate the removal of the first pipe body from the second pipe body, thus improving the maintenance efficiency.

[0020] 4. The powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment of the present invention can conveniently adjust the powder discharging angle at the output end of the first pipe body through the cooperation of structures such as the disc body and the clamping rod, so that the powder discharging direction is adapted to the position of the laser spot on the surface of the workpiece, ensuring the quality of the formed laser cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 FIG. 15 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the overall powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a front view structural schematic diagram of a partial powder discharging device in FIG. 21, with the first pipe body, the second pipe body and the sleeve body removed;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a side view structural schematic diagram of the first shaft body installed on the substrate in FIG. 27;

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a sectional structural schematic diagram of the first pipe body inserted into the second pipe body and in a self-locking state in FIG. 33;

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged structural schematic diagram at A in FIG. 39;

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 4 a sectional structural schematic diagram of the first pipe body inserted into the second pipe body and in an unlocked state in FIG. 45;

[0027] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in FIG. 51;

[0028] Figure 8 is Figure 1Schematic rear view of the first tube body inserted into the second tube body and in a self-locking state;

[0029] Figure 9 is Figure 8 Schematic rear view of the first tube body inserted into the second tube body and in an unlocked state;

[0030] Figure 10 Partial front view structural schematic of the powder discharging device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, with the first tube body, the second tube body, and the sleeve removed;

[0031] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Enlarged structural schematic at position C in ;

[0032] Figure 12 is Figure 10 Schematic side view of the first shaft body and the disk body mounted on the substrate;

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic rear view of the first tube body inserted into the second tube body and in a self-locking state in the powder discharging device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 is Figure 13 Schematic rear view of the first tube body inserted into the second tube body and in an unlocked state;

[0035] Figure 15 is Figure 13 Schematic rear view of the first tube body inserted into the second tube body, in a self-locking state and in an angle-adjustable state.

[0036] Main symbol description:

[0037] 1. Substrate; 2. Laser cladding processing head; 3. First tube body; 4. Second tube body; 5. First shaft body; 6. Disk body; 7. Second card slot; 81. First rod body; 82. Second rod body; 9. Second shaft body; 10. Block; 11. First spring; 12. Sleeve; 13. Bearing block; 14. Link; 15. Roller; 16. First card slot; 17. Groove; 18. Card rod; 19. Third spring; 20. Support plate; 21. Second spring. Specific embodiments

[0038] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Please combine Figures 1 to 9, The powder feeding device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment includes a substrate 1, a laser cladding processing head 2, and a powder feeding mechanism. In this embodiment, the substrate 1 is a vertically placed plate body for the placement of the laser cladding processing head 2 and the powder feeding mechanism.

[0041] Both the laser cladding processing head 2 and the powder feeding mechanism are arranged on the substrate 1. The laser cladding processing head 2 is used to form a laser spot on the surface of the workpiece. Specifically, the laser cladding processing head 2 is controlled by a laser spot controller (not shown in the figure). The laser spot controller is used to control the laser cladding processing head 2 to form a laser spot on the processing surface of the workpiece, and can control and adjust the width and / or length of the spot. The laser cladding processing head 2 preferably adopts an OTZ variable spot lens, and controls the width and / or length of the laser spot irradiated on the surface of the workpiece by electrically adjusting the homogenizing mirror unit.

[0042] The powder feeding mechanism includes at least one first pipe body 3, a positioning component, and a powder feeder (not shown in the figure). The input end of the first pipe body 3 is for powder input, and the output end faces the laser spot formed by the laser cladding processing head 2 to cooperate with the laser cladding processing head 2 to process a corresponding cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece. The positioning component is used for positioning and fixing the first pipe body 3 on the substrate 1, and can keep the first pipe body 3 in a stable state during the powder feeding operation.

[0043] The powder feeder has multiple powder feeding barrels, such as a carrier gas multi-barrel powder feeder. In particular, a stirrer can be arranged in each powder feeding barrel to achieve continuous and stable feeding for powders with slightly poor fluidity. Multiple powder feeding barrels of a powder feeder can load the same type and / or model of powder, or load different types and / or models of powder in the powder feeding barrels, that is, each powder feeding barrel loads one type and / or model of powder. The aforementioned powder especially refers to powder materials for additive manufacturing such as metal powders or alloy powders.

[0044] The positioning component includes a second pipe body 4, a first shaft body 5, and a self-locking component. The second pipe body 4 is sleeved outside the first pipe body 3. The first pipe body 3 can axially move relative to the second pipe body 4 during installation to adjust the distance between the output end of the first pipe body 3 and the laser spot on the processing surface of the workpiece.

[0045] One end of the first shaft body 5 is fixed to the substrate 1, and the other end is connected to the second pipe body 4. The first shaft body 5 is fixedly inserted on the substrate 1 and is perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 1 and cannot rotate relative to the substrate 1.

[0046] The self-locking component is used for the mutual fixation between the first pipe body 3 and the second pipe body 4. The outer diameter of the first pipe body 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second pipe body 4. When the first pipe body 3 is inserted into the second pipe body 4, the first pipe body 3 can be automatically fixed on the second pipe body 4 through the self-locking component.

[0047] The self-locking component includes a first rod 81, one end of the first rod 81 facing the first tube 3 is movably disposed on the inner wall of the second tube 4, and the other end is provided with a clamping block 10. In this embodiment, a through groove (not shown) communicating with the outside of the second tube 4 is provided on the inner wall of the second tube 4. The first rod 81 is received in the through groove, and the clamping block 10 extends into the inner side of the second tube 4.

[0048] A first card slot 16 cooperating with the card block 10 is provided on the outside of the first tube body 3. In the present embodiment, there may be multiple first card slots 16, which are arranged in sequence and at equal intervals in the axial direction of the outer wall of the first tube body 3, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the axial position of the first tube body 3 relative to the second tube body 4.

[0049] A first elastic member is disposed between a side of the first rod 81 away from the first tube 3 and an inner wall of the second tube 4 .

[0050] The first elastic member is a first spring 11, and the two ends of the first spring 11 are respectively connected to the block 10 and the inner wall of the second tube body 4. When the block 10 is inserted into the first slot 16, the first spring 11 is in a compressed deformation state. When the first tube body 3 is inserted into the second tube body 4, the outer wall of the first tube body 3 will first squeeze the block 10, forcing the block 10 to move away from the axis of the second tube body 4 and squeeze the first spring 11. When the first slot 16 on the first tube body 3 moves to face the block 10, the block 10 will be pressed into the first slot 16 under the elastic force of the first spring 11, so that the first tube body 3 is relatively fixed on the second tube body 4.

[0051] The positioning assembly also includes a second rod 82, which is vertically arranged on the side of the first rod 81 away from the first tube 3 and protrudes out of the second tube 4. In this embodiment, the first rod 81 and the second rod 82 are formed as an integral L-shaped structure. A second shaft 9 is rotatably inserted at the junction of the first rod 81 and the second rod 82, and the second shaft 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the second tube 4, that is, the end of the second shaft 9 is fixed to the groove wall of the through groove. A movable hole is opened on the L-shaped structure, and it is sleeved on the outside of the second shaft 9 through its movable hole, and can rotate relative to the second shaft 9.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the first tube body 3 needs to be disassembled, it is only necessary to move the second rod body 82 to drive the first rod body 81 to rotate around the second shaft body 9, forcing the block 10 to disengage from the first slot 16, so as to release the locking state between the second tube body 4 and the first tube body 3, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the first tube body 3 on the second tube body 4 or adjusting the axial position of the first tube body 3 relative to the second tube body 4.

[0053] In order to facilitate the toggling of the second rod body 82, in this embodiment, a sleeve body 12 capable of axially moving is slidably sleeved outside the second pipe body 4. A connecting rod 14 is axially arranged on the end face of the sleeve body 12 facing the second rod body 82, and a pressure-bearing block 13 that is extrusion-fitted with the connecting rod 14 is arranged at the free end of the second rod body 82. By moving the sleeve body 12, the pressure-bearing block 13 can be pressed by the connecting rod 14, thereby driving the second rod body 82, the first rod body 81, and the latch 10 to conveniently release the locked state between the first pipe body 3 and the second pipe body 4.

[0054] One end of the connecting rod 14 is provided with a roller 15, and the pressure-bearing block 13 has a pressure-bearing surface (not marked) that is in rolling extrusion fit with the roller 15. Through the roller 15 and the pressure-bearing surface, the damage suffered when the connecting rod 14 is in rigid contact with the second rod body 82 can be reduced.

[0055] A support plate 20 is arranged outside the second pipe body 4, and a second elastic member is arranged between the support plate 20 and the sleeve body 12.

[0056] Specifically, the second elastic member is a second spring 21, and both ends of the second spring 21 are respectively connected to the support plate 20 and the sleeve body 12.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the sleeve body 12 is manually moved towards the pressure-bearing block 13, the roller 15 contacts and presses the pressure-bearing surface, and the second spring 21 is in a tensile deformation state, so as to adjust the position of the first pipe body 3 on the second pipe body 4. After the adjustment, the sleeve body 12 is released.

[0058] The second spring 21 will recover elastically to release the driving contact with the pressure-bearing block 13, so that the latch 10 re-enters the corresponding first card slot 16 after the axial position of the first pipe body 3 is adjusted, and the fixation of the first pipe body 3 on the second pipe body 4 is completed again, which is convenient and fast.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Please combine Figures 10 to 15 This Embodiment 2 is an improved scheme of Embodiment 1. Specifically, a jack (not shown in the figure) for inserting the first shaft body 5 is provided outside the second pipe body 4. The second pipe body 4 can rotate relative to the first shaft body 5 through the jack, which is convenient for adjusting the powder output angle of the output end of the first pipe body 3.

[0061] A disc body 6 flush with the sleeve body 12 is sleeved and fixed outside the first shaft body 5. A plurality of second card slots 7 are equidistantly arranged in a ring on the outer peripheral side of the disc body 6. An elastic latch 18 that cooperates with the second card slots 7 is arranged on the side of the sleeve body 12 facing the disc body 6. By inserting the latch 18 into the second card slots 7, the angular position of the first pipe body 3 after the angle adjustment can be effectively fixed.

[0062] The disc body 6 is provided with a semicircular groove 17 adapted to the disc body 6, and the groove 17 can prevent the disc body 6 from interfering with the movement of the sleeve body 12. A slide groove (not shown) is provided in the groove 17, and a slider (not shown) is slidably provided in the slide groove. One end of the clamping rod 18 is fixed on the slider, and a third spring 19 is provided between the slider and the slide groove. The two ends of the third spring 19 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the slider and the inner wall of the slide groove.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the clamping rod 18 is clamped in the second clamping groove 7 and the roller 15 does not contact the pressure-bearing surface (ie, the first tube 3 is installed on the second tube 4 and the angle is adjusted), the second spring 21 and the third spring 19 are both in a non-deformed state.

[0064] When the clamping rod 18 is clamped in the second clamping groove 7 and the roller 15 contacts the pressure-bearing surface (that is, there is no need to adjust the powder outlet angle of the output end of the first tube body 3, but it is necessary to disassemble and assemble the first tube body 3 in the second tube body 4 or adjust the axial position of the first tube body 3 relative to the second tube body 4), the second spring 21 is in a tensile deformation state and the third spring 19 is in a compressive deformation state.

[0065] In this embodiment, after the first tube body 3 is installed and fixed on the second tube body 4, the sleeve 12 is clamped into the second clamping groove 7 through the clamping rod 18 in its groove 17 to fix the rotation angle of the second tube body 4, thereby completing the fixation of the angle of the first tube body 3 after rotation.

[0066] When the first tube body 3 is installed after the second tube body 4 is installed, it is only necessary to adjust the powder outlet angle of the output end of the first tube body 3 to adapt to the laser spot on the workpiece processing surface. It is only necessary to move the sleeve 12 toward the support plate 20 to disengage the clamping rod 18 from the second clamping groove 7 (the second spring 21 is converted to a compressed state). At this time, the second tube body 4 can be rotated to drive the adjustment of the powder outlet angle of the output end of the first tube body 3 to a suitable position, and then release the sleeve 12. The sleeve 12 will drive the clamping rod 18 to be clamped into the corresponding second clamping groove 7 on the disc 6 under the action of the elastic force released by the second spring 21, so as to stably complete the fixed maintenance of the adjusted position of the first tube body 3 after the angle adjustment.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder discharging device of a laser additive manufacturing equipment, characterized in that It comprises a substrate, a laser cladding processing head and a powder discharging mechanism, wherein the laser cladding processing head and the powder discharging mechanism are both arranged on the substrate, the laser cladding processing head is used to form a laser spot on the surface of the workpiece, the powder discharging mechanism comprises at least one first tube body and a positioning component, the input end of the first tube body is used for powder input, and the output end faces the laser spot formed by the laser cladding processing head, and the positioning component is used to position and fix the first tube body on the substrate; The positioning assembly includes a second tube body, a first shaft body and a self-locking component, wherein the second tube body is sleeved outside the first tube body, one end of the first shaft body is fixed to the base plate, and the other end is connected to the second tube body, and the self-locking component is used to fix the first tube body and the second tube body to each other; The self-locking component comprises a first rod, one end of the first rod facing the first tube is movably arranged on the inner wall of the second tube, the other end is provided with a clamping block, the outer side of the first tube is provided with a first clamping groove matched with the clamping block, and a first elastic member is arranged between the side of the first rod away from the first tube and the inner wall of the second tube; The first elastic member is a first spring, two ends of which are respectively connected to the clamping block and the inner wall of the second tube body, and when the clamping block is clamped in the first clamping slot, the first spring is in a compressed deformation state; The positioning assembly further includes a second rod, which is vertically arranged on a side of the first rod away from the first tube and protrudes out of the second tube. A second shaft is movably inserted at the junction of the first rod and the second rod, and the second shaft is fixed to the inner wall of the second tube. By moving the second rod, the first rod is driven to rotate around the second shaft, forcing the clamping block to disengage from the first clamping slot; The outer side of the second tube body is movably sleeved with a sleeve body that can move along its axial direction, the end surface of the sleeve body facing the second rod body is axially provided with a connecting rod, and the free end of the second rod body is provided with a pressure block that is pressed and matched with the connecting rod.

2. The powder output device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that A roller is arranged at one end of the connecting rod, and the pressure bearing block has a pressure bearing surface which is in rolling and extruding cooperation with the roller.

3. The powder output device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A support plate is arranged outside the second tube body, and a second elastic member is arranged between the support plate and the sleeve body.

4. The powder output device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second elastic member is a second spring, and two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the support plate and the sleeve body. When the roller contacts and squeezes the pressure-bearing surface, the second spring is in a stretched deformation state.

5. The powder output device of the laser additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the first tubes is two, and the two first tubes are arranged axially symmetrically about the central axis of the laser cladding processing head.

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