A remote automatic uncovering coal method for gradually expanding hole and releasing pressure of coal bed gas

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of progressive reaming pressure relief coalbed gas pressure remote automation uncovering coal methods, the application provides a kind of progressive reaming pressure relief coalbed gas pressure remote automation uncovering coal method, the method comprises the following steps: fixedly arranged with roadway section matching shield plate at roadway section, and the perforation is set on the shield plate;Under the premise of unmanned, use variable diameter hole forming device to form hole from the perforation to roadway section, variable diameter hole forming device first punches out the drill hole of minimum diameter, then the drill hole is expanded several times, the diameter of hole expanded each time is greater than the diameter of hole expanded last time, and the maximum diameter of expanded hole is 800mm.To solve the problem that the prior art cannot guarantee construction safety and construction efficiency simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a remote automated method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane gas pressure, belonging to the field of coal uncovering. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 The traditional coal uncovering method shown is an 11-step process, but this process requires human intervention, mainly for the following reasons:

[0003] Complexity: The mine environment is complex and unpredictable, and various unforeseen situations may occur, such as geological changes, equipment failures, and gas leaks. These situations require timely human detection and adaptive handling.

[0004] Safety monitoring: While some automated safety monitoring equipment exists, it may not cover all safety risks, such as ground subsidence and support structure cracking. This necessitates regular manual inspections and monitoring.

[0005] Equipment operation and maintenance: Many mining equipment require manual operation, adjustment and maintenance, especially in complex and changing mining environments;

[0006] Emergency Response: In the event of an emergency in the mine, such as a fire, explosion, or gas leak, an immediate emergency response is required, including rescue, evacuation, and firefighting.

[0007] The problem with manned operations is that once any safety issue occurs, such as ground subsidence, support structure rupture, or coal and gas outburst, no matter how minor, operations must be stopped for safety reasons. This results in the low efficiency of the traditional 11-step construction method.

[0008] In addition, the traditional 11-step method requires tunneling for determination, which involves drilling many holes to remove gas and relieve pressure. According to regulations, these tasks require cumbersome preparation, which also leads to the low construction efficiency of the traditional 11-step method.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a construction method that can ensure construction safety while also being highly efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a remote automated coal seam gas exposure method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] A shield plate matching the cross-section of the tunnel is fixedly installed at the tunnel cross-section, and perforations are made on the shield plate;

[0012] Under unmanned operation, a variable diameter cavity-making device is used to create a cavity from the perforation point to the tunnel cross-section. The variable diameter cavity-making device first drills the smallest diameter hole, and then enlarges the hole several times. The diameter of the hole enlarged each time is larger than the diameter of the previous enlarged hole, and the maximum diameter of the enlarged hole is 800mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the method includes the following steps:

[0014] A retaining wall is installed in the roadway after the roadway cross-section. The retaining wall and the roadway cross-section together form a closed space in the roadway. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the upper part of the retaining wall. The air inlet is filled with nitrogen.

[0015] Furthermore, the initial diameter of the borehole is 50 mm, and the diameter increases by 50 mm with each reaming.

[0016] Specifically, the variable-diameter cavity-making device includes a drill bit and a reamer;

[0017] One end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill rod, and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0018] Specifically, the reamer includes a controller, a gyroscope, a body, a reamer cutter, a drive rod, a plunger pump, an air tank, a one-way check valve, a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder, and a pin;

[0019] The main body has two storage slots distributed along its length. The two storage slots are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main body. A reaming tool is rotatably connected to the storage slot via a rotating shaft. As the reaming tool rotates on the rotating shaft, the angle between the reaming tool and the main body changes. When the angle between the reaming tool and the main body is 0 degrees, the reaming tool is neatly stored in the storage slot. The reaming tool is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via a gear. One side of the gear is fixedly connected to one end of the reaming tool, and the gear is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] The body has a sliding hole, the central axis of which is parallel to the length direction of the body, and the sliding hole is located on the side of the receiving groove on the body near the drill bit.

[0021] One end of the drive rod is a guide block that matches the sliding hole, and the drive rod is slidably connected to the sliding hole. The other end of the drive rod is a rack that matches the gear, and the rack and gear mesh with each other. The end of the drive rod near the drill bit is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder. The length direction of the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the length direction of the drive rod. The input port of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder is connected to the output port of the air tank. An electromagnetic valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder and the air tank. The electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the controller.

[0022] The inlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the outlet of the plunger pump, and the inlet of the plunger pump is connected to the outside. A one-way check valve is provided between the gas storage tank and the plunger pump. The one-way check valve is in the direction of conduction from the plunger pump to the gas storage tank. The plunger pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0023] The gyroscope is housed within the main body and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] The main body has a pin hole at one end near the drill bit that matches the pin. A spring is installed in the pin hole. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin hole, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the pin. The pin is slidably installed in the pin hole. When the spring compression rate exceeds the set value, the pin is completely hidden in the pin hole. When the spring compression rate is lower than the set value, the pin is exposed in the pin hole.

[0025] The pin is wedge-shaped, with its inclined surface located in the opposite direction of rotation during the body's excavation and its vertical surface located in the direction of rotation during the body's excavation.

[0026] The drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the body, and the shaft of the plunger pump is fixedly connected to the shaft of the drill bit. The drill bit is provided with a insertion hole with the same lateral dimension as the pin hole. The lateral dimension refers to the projected dimension on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit.

[0027] Furthermore, the pin hole is an arc with the body as its central axis.

[0028] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0029] S01. Receive the reamer into the storage slot and use the drill bit to drill a hole from the through hole until the hole reaches the predetermined depth.

[0030] S02, rotate the drill rod in the opposite direction to the set value. The gyroscope sends the measured angular velocity of the drill rod to the controller. The controller determines the state of the drill rod as energy storage based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls the solenoid valve to close.

[0031] S03. Measure whether the reverse rotation time reaches the set value. If it reaches the set value, stop the reverse rotation and the drill rod is pulled outward by a set distance. Then control the drill rod to rotate in the forward direction. The gyroscope sends the measured body angular velocity to the controller. The controller determines the drill rod state as hole enlargement based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls the solenoid valve to open.

[0032] S04. Rotate the drill rod forward to enlarge the hole until the drill bit reaches the bottom of the hole;

[0033] S05. Jump to step S02 and increment the number of loops. If the number of loops is greater than the set value, jump to step S06.

[0034] S06, End.

[0035] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0036] In steps S01, S03 and S04, drilling fluid is delivered into the borehole through the drill pipe, and in step S02, the delivery of drilling fluid is stopped.

[0037] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0038] Measure the pressure on the drill rod along its length.

[0039] When the pressure exceeds the set threshold, apply the same pressure to the borehole using the drill pipe.

[0040] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0041] During the cavity creation process, stress monitoring, gas change monitoring, and displacement monitoring are carried out on the tunnel cross-section.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are: compared with the prior art,

[0043] 1) This invention sets up a shield plate at the cross-section of the roadway and uses a variable diameter hole-making device to drill holes in the cross-section of the roadway without human intervention. Because of the shield plate, even if there are small protrusions at the cross-section of the roadway, the risk of downtime is greatly reduced during the hole-making process because there are no people and the drilling machine is more resistant to damage than people. The construction efficiency is higher.

[0044] 2) This invention uses a variable-diameter hole-making device to gradually enlarge the hole at the cross-section of the roadway until the diameter of the hole reaches 800mm. Since the diameter of the hole is gradually increased, the coal and gas outbursts are also smaller when the diameter of the hole is smaller. This is equivalent to continuously depressurizing during the hole enlargement process, so that the purpose of depressurization is achieved when the hole diameter reaches a certain level. Since the borehole diameter is smaller than the lower limit of the roadway, the hidden borehole can be constructed according to the hole specifications, rather than the roadway specifications, thereby realizing the replacement of roadways with holes and the transformation of roadways with holes. It does not require the use of roadway specifications for construction, and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0045] 3) Since the present invention adopts unmanned construction, there is no requirement for the oxygen content of the air. Therefore, a closed space can be formed in the tunnel by using retaining walls and tunnel cross-sections. Nitrogen gas that will not undergo chemical reaction is continuously introduced into the closed space through the air inlet, and oxygen and carbon monoxide and other gases in the closed space are continuously discharged through the air outlet, reducing the risk of explosion. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 The flowchart below shows the construction method of the background technology of this invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial view at point A in the middle;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial view at point B in the middle;

[0050] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the drill bit of the present invention from another perspective.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a circuit connection block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] refer to Figure 1-7 A remote automated coal uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane gas pressure includes the following steps: a shield plate 1 matching the roadway cross-section 9 is fixedly installed at the roadway cross-section 9 by a first anchor bolt 10, and a perforation 1-1 is opened on the shield plate 1; under unmanned operation, a variable diameter cavity-making device 6 is used to create a cavity from the perforation 1-1 to the roadway cross-section 9. The variable diameter cavity-making device 6 first drills a hole with the smallest diameter, and then expands the hole several times. The diameter of the hole expanded each time is larger than the diameter of the previous hole expanded, and the maximum diameter of the expanded hole is 800 mm.

[0056] Furthermore, the method includes the following steps: setting up a retaining wall 2 in the roadway after the roadway cross-section 9, the retaining wall 2 and the roadway cross-section 9 forming a closed space in the roadway, and setting an air inlet 2-1 and an air outlet 2-2 on the upper part of the retaining wall 2, the air inlet 2-1 being nitrogen.

[0057] Furthermore, the initial diameter of the borehole is 50 mm, and the diameter increases by 50 mm with each reaming.

[0058] Specifically, the variable diameter cavity-making device 6 includes a drill bit 6-11 and a reamer; one end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill rod 5, and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill bit 6-11.

[0059] The existing reamer cutter 6-2 is controlled by hydraulic pressure input from the drill pipe 5. However, this requires a dedicated oil pipe to pass through the inside of the drill pipe 5, which reduces the internal space of the drill pipe 5. The reduction in the internal space of the drill pipe 5, in turn, reduces the flow rate of drilling fluid transported through the internal space of the drill pipe 5.

[0060] In addition, there is a problem with the coal uncovering method of this patent: the diameter of the perforation at the shield plate remains unchanged during the hole enlargement process, and the shield plate always blocks the borehole. The slag discharged by the existing drilling machine will be blocked by the shield plate.

[0061] To address the above issues, in this embodiment, the reamer specifically includes a controller 6-12, a gyroscope 6-13, a body 6-1, a reaming cutter 6-2, a drive rod 6-3, a plunger pump 6-8, an air tank 6-6, a one-way check valve 6-7, a pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder 6-4, and a pin 6-10. The body 6-1 has two receiving slots 6-1-1 distributed along its length, symmetrically located on both sides of the body 6-1. The reaming cutter 6-2 is rotatably connected to each receiving slot 6-1-1 via a rotating shaft. The rotation of the reaming cutter 6-2 on the shaft changes the angle between the reaming cutter 6-2 and the body 6-1. The angle between the reaming cutter 6-2 and the body 6-1 is... At 0 degrees, the reamer 6-2 is neatly housed in the storage groove 6-1-1. The reamer 6-2 is rotatably connected to the shaft via a gear 6-2-1. One side of the gear 6-2-1 is fixedly connected to one end of the reamer 6-2, and the gear 6-2-1 is rotatably connected to the shaft. A sliding hole 6-1-2 is formed inside the body 6-1. The central axis of the sliding hole 6-1-2 is parallel to the length direction of the body 6-1, and the sliding hole 6-1-2 is located on the side of the storage groove 6-1-1 on the body 6-1 near the drill bit 6-11. One end of the drive rod 6-3 is a guide block 6-3-2 that matches the sliding hole 6-1-2, and the drive rod 6-3 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 6-1-2. The other end of the drive rod 6-3 is a rack 6-3 that matches the gear 6-2-1. -1, rack 6-3-1 meshes with gear 6-2-1. The end of drive rod 6-3 near drill bit 6-11 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4. The length direction of the output shaft of pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 is parallel to the length direction of drive rod 6-3. The input port of pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 is connected to the output port of air tank 6-6. A solenoid valve 6-5 is provided on the connecting pipe between pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 and air tank 6-6. Solenoid valve 6-5 is electrically connected to controller 6-12. The input port of air tank 6-6 is connected to the output port of plunger pump 6-8. The air inlet of plunger pump 6-8 is connected to the outside. A one-way check valve 6-7 is provided between air tank 6-6 and plunger pump 6-8. The one-way check valve 6-7 is open. The direction is from the plunger pump 6-8 to the gas storage tank 6-6. The plunger pump 6-8 is electrically connected to the controller 6-12. The gyroscope 6-13 is installed inside the body 6-1 and is electrically connected to the controller 6-12. The body 6-1 has a pin hole 6-8 that matches the pin 6-10 at one end near the drill bit 6-11. A spring 6-9 is installed in the pin hole 6-8. One end of the spring 6-9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin hole 6-8, and the other end of the spring 6-9 is fixedly connected to the pin 6-10. The pin 6-10 is slidably installed in the pin hole 6-8. When the compression rate of the spring 6-9 exceeds the set value, the pin 6-10 is completely hidden in the pin hole 6-8. When the compression rate of the spring 6-9 is lower than the set value, the pin 6-10 is exposed in the pin hole 6-8.The pin 6-10 is wedge-shaped, with its inclined surface located in the opposite direction of the rotation of the body 6-1 during excavation, and its vertical surface located in the direction of the rotation of the body 6-1 during excavation. The drill bit 6-11 is rotatably connected to the end of the body 6-1, and the shaft of the plunger pump 6-8 is fixedly connected to the drill bit shaft 6-11-2. The drill bit 6-11 has a insertion hole 6-11-1 with the same lateral dimension as the pin hole 6-8, where the lateral dimension refers to the projected dimension on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit 6-11.

[0062] During the initial drilling, the reamer 6-2 is stored in the receiving slot 6-1-1, and the drill bit 6-11 is used to drill from the through hole 1-1 until the predetermined depth is reached, thus completing the initial drilling. Then, the power used to open the reamer 6-2 during reaming is stored. This storage is achieved by rotating the drill rod 5 in the reverse direction to a set value. The gyroscope 6-13 measures the angular velocity of the body 6-1 and sends it to the controller 6-12. The controller 6-12 determines the state of the drill rod 5 as stored energy based on the direction of the angular velocity and closes the solenoid valve 6-5. This fills the gas tank 6-6 with high-pressure gas, providing power to the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 when the reamer 6-2 is opened later. The reverse rotation time is measured to ensure it reaches the set value. If it does, the reverse rotation stops, and the drilling rig 3... Drill rod 5 is pulled outward a set distance, and then controlled to rotate forward. Gyroscope 6-13 measures the angular velocity of body 6-1 and sends it to controller 6-12. Controller 6-12 determines the state of drill rod 5 as reaming based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls solenoid valve 6-5 to open. The high-pressure gas stored in air tank 6-6 drives the extension rod of pneumatic hydraulic cylinder 6-4 to extend, causing drive rod 6-3 to move in the opposite direction to drill bit 6-11. This causes rack 6-3-1 on drive rod 6-3 to drive gear 6-2-1 to rotate, thereby increasing the angle between reamer 6-2 and body 6-1. The increased angle can be set by controlling the amount of gas in the air tank. Then, the drill rod 5 is rotated forward to ream the hole until drill bit 6-11 reaches the bottom of the hole. This cycle of energy storage and reaming is repeated until the hole diameter reaches the set maximum value. Besides the energy storage step, drilling fluid can be introduced into the drill pipe 5 in other steps to remove drill cuttings from the borehole. To achieve this, the drill pipe 5 used in this disclosure can be hollow, and the drilling rig 3 is equipped with a drilling fluid delivery device 4 to supply drilling fluid to the drill pipe 5. Here, the drilling rig is fixed in the roadway by anchor bolts. In addition, since the rotation of the drill pipe 5 itself is used to open and store energy for the reamer 6-2, there is no need to arrange hydraulic pipes through the inner cavity of the drill pipe 5, resulting in a larger drilling fluid flow and better hole cleaning effect. The drilling fluid delivery device delivers drilling fluid to the borehole where the reamer is located through the drill pipe. Since the drilling fluid is a liquid, it can flow out from smaller gaps, thereby removing drill cuttings from the borehole and realizing borehole cleaning when making variable-diameter holes under shield cover.

[0063] Furthermore, the pin hole 6-8 is an arc with the body 6-1 as its central axis. Other shapes would exert radial pressure on the pin 6-10 due to the relative movement of the drill bit 6-11 and the body 6-1. By making the pin hole 6-8 an arc with the body 6-1 as its central axis, the relative movement of the drill bit 6-11 and the body 6-1 will not exert radial pressure on the pin 6-10, thus protecting the pin 6-10.

[0064] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0065] S01. Place the reamer 6-2 into the storage slot 6-1-1, and use the drill bit 6-11 to drill a hole from the through hole 1-1 until the hole reaches the predetermined depth.

[0066] S02, rotate drill rod 5 in the reverse direction to the set value. Gyroscope 6-13 sends the measured angular velocity of body 6-1 to controller 6-12. Controller 6-12 determines the state of drill rod 5 as energy storage based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls solenoid valve 6-5 to close.

[0067] S03. Measure whether the reverse rotation time reaches the set value. If it reaches the set value, stop the reverse rotation and the drill rig 3 pulls the drill rod 5 outward by a set distance. Then control the drill rod 5 to rotate in the forward direction. The gyroscope 6-13 sends the measured angular velocity of the body 6-1 to the controller 6-12. The controller 6-12 determines the state of the drill rod 5 as hole enlargement based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls the solenoid valve 6-5 to open.

[0068] S04. Rotate the drill rod 5 in the forward direction to enlarge the hole until the drill bit 6-11 reaches the bottom of the hole;

[0069] S05. Jump to step S02 and increment the number of loops. If the number of loops is greater than the set value, jump to step S06.

[0070] S06, End.

[0071] The above method can be used to enlarge the drilled hole without requiring an external power source for the reamer 6-2.

[0072] Furthermore, the method also includes: in steps S01, S03, and S04, drilling fluid is supplied into the borehole through the drill pipe 5; in step S02, the supply of drilling fluid is stopped. This method achieves the cleaning of drill cuttings inside the borehole without affecting energy storage.

[0073] Because small coal and gas outbursts may occur at section 9 of the roadway, if no intervention is taken to address these outbursts, it will lead to large-scale outbursts at section 9 of the roadway, resulting in serious consequences.

[0074] To address this issue, in this embodiment, the method further includes: measuring the pressure of the drill rod 5 of the drilling rig 3 along its length; and when the pressure exceeds a set threshold, applying the same pressure to the borehole using the drill rod 5.

[0075] The pressure value of drill rod 5 can be obtained by the hydraulic gauge on drill rig 3 that measures the pressure of drill rod 5. If the pressure value is greater than the threshold, drill rod 5 is pushed by drill rig 3 to balance the pressure of coal and gas outburst. Since there are gaps between drill rod 5 and the hole, the pressure can be slowly released through these gaps to eliminate coal and gas outburst.

[0076] Furthermore, the method also includes: monitoring stress, gas changes, and displacement at the roadway cross-section 9 during the cavity creation process. By monitoring stress, gas changes, and displacement, coal and gas outbursts can be monitored, thereby enabling targeted outburst mitigation.

[0077] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A shield plate (1) matching the tunnel section (9) is fixedly installed at the tunnel section (9), and a perforation (1-1) is made on the shield plate (1). Under the premise of unmanned operation, a variable diameter hole-making device (6) is used to create a hole from the perforation (1-1) to the roadway section (9). The variable diameter hole-making device (6) first drills the smallest diameter hole, and then expands the hole several times. The diameter of the hole expanded each time is larger than the diameter of the previous hole expanded. The maximum diameter of the expanded hole is 800mm. The variable diameter cavity-making device (6) includes a drill bit (6-11) and a reamer; One end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill rod (5), and the other end of the reamer is fixedly connected to the drill bit (6-11); The reamer includes a controller (6-12), a gyroscope (6-13), a body (6-1), a reamer (6-2), a drive rod (6-3), a plunger pump (6-8), an air tank (6-6), a one-way check valve (6-7), a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4), and a pin (6-10). The main body (6-1) has two storage slots (6-1-1) distributed along its length. The two storage slots (6-1-1) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main body (6-1). A reamer (6-2) is rotatably connected to the storage slot (6-1-1) via a rotating shaft. When the reamer (6-2) rotates on the rotating shaft, the angle between the reamer (6-2) and the main body (6-1) changes. When the angle between the reamer (6-2) and the main body (6-1) is 0 degrees, the reamer (6-2) is neatly stored in the storage slot (6-1-1). The reamer (6-2) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via a gear (6-2-1). One side of the gear (6-2-1) is fixedly connected to one end of the reamer (6-2), and the gear (6-2-1) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The body (6-1) has a sliding hole (6-1-2) inside. The central axis of the sliding hole (6-1-2) is parallel to the length direction of the body (6-1). The sliding hole (6-1-2) is located on the side of the receiving groove (6-1-1) on the body (6-1) near the drill bit (6-11). One end of the drive rod (6-3) is a guide block (6-3-2) that matches the sliding hole (6-1-2). The drive rod (6-3) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (6-1-2). The other end of the drive rod (6-3) is a rack (6-3-1) that matches the gear (6-2-1). The rack (6-3-1) and the gear (6-2-1) mesh with each other. The end of the drive rod (6-3) near the drill bit (6-11) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4). The length direction of the output shaft of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) is parallel to the length direction of the drive rod (6-3). The input port of the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) is connected to the output port of the air tank (6-6). A solenoid valve (6-5) is provided on the connecting pipe between the pneumatic hydraulic cylinder (6-4) and the air tank (6-6). The solenoid valve (6-5) is electrically connected to the controller (6-12). The inlet of the gas storage tank (6-6) is connected to the outlet of the plunger pump (6-8), and the inlet of the plunger pump (6-8) is connected to the outside. A one-way check valve (6-7) is provided between the gas storage tank (6-6) and the plunger pump (6-8). The conduction direction of the one-way check valve (6-7) is from the plunger pump (6-8) to the gas storage tank (6-6). The plunger pump (6-8) is electrically connected to the controller (6-12). The gyroscope (6-13) is installed inside the main body (6-1), and the gyroscope (6-13) is electrically connected to the controller (6-12); The main body (6-1) has a pin hole (6-8) at one end near the drill bit (6-11) that matches the pin (6-10). A spring (6-9) is installed in the pin hole (6-8). One end of the spring (6-9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin hole (6-8), and the other end of the spring (6-9) is fixedly connected to the pin (6-10). The pin (6-10) is slidably installed in the pin hole (6-8). When the compression rate of the spring (6-9) exceeds the set value, the pin (6-10) is completely hidden in the pin hole (6-8). When the compression rate of the spring (6-9) is lower than the set value, the pin (6-10) is exposed in the pin hole (6-8). The pin (6-10) is wedge-shaped, with the inclined surface of the pin (6-10) located in the opposite direction of the rotation of the body (6-1) during excavation, and the vertical surface of the pin (6-10) located in the direction of the rotation of the body (6-1) during excavation. The drill bit (6-11) is rotatably connected to the end of the body (6-1), and the shaft of the plunger pump (6-8) is fixedly connected to the drill bit shaft (6-11-2). The drill bit (6-11) is provided with a insertion hole (6-11-1) with the same lateral dimension as the pin hole (6-8). The lateral dimension refers to the projected dimension on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the drill bit (6-11).

2. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A retaining wall (2) is set in the roadway behind the roadway cross section (9). The retaining wall (2) and the roadway cross section (9) enclose a closed space in the roadway. An air inlet (2-1) and an air outlet (2-2) are set on the upper part of the retaining wall (2). The air inlet (2-1) is nitrogen.

3. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial diameter of the borehole is 50 mm, and the diameter increases by 50 mm with each reaming.

4. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin hole (6-8) is an arc with the body (6-1) as the central axis.

5. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: S01. Place the reamer (6-2) into the storage slot (6-1-1) and use the drill bit (6-11) to drill a hole from the through hole (1-1) until the hole reaches the predetermined depth. S02, rotate the drill rod (5) in the opposite direction to the set value. The gyroscope (6-13) sends the measured angular velocity of the body (6-1) to the controller (6-12). The controller (6-12) determines the state of the drill rod (5) as energy storage based on the direction of the angular velocity and controls the solenoid valve (6-5) to close. S03. Measure whether the reverse rotation time reaches the set value. If it reaches the set value, stop the reverse rotation and the drill (3) pulls the drill rod (5) outward by a set distance. Then control the drill rod (5) to rotate in the forward direction. The gyroscope (6-13) sends the measured angular velocity of the body (6-1) to the controller (6-12). The controller (6-12) determines the state of the drill rod (5) as hole enlargement by the direction of the angular velocity and controls the solenoid valve (6-5) to open. S04. Rotate the drill rod (5) in the forward direction to enlarge the hole until the drill bit (6-11) reaches the bottom of the hole; S05. Jump to step S02 and increment the number of loops. If the number of loops is greater than the set value, jump to step S06. S06, End.

6. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: In steps S01, S03 and S04, drilling fluid is delivered into the borehole through the drill pipe (5), and in step S02, the delivery of drilling fluid is stopped.

7. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Measure the pressure of the drill rod (5) of the drilling rig (3) along the length of the drill rod (5); When the pressure exceeds the set threshold, apply the same pressure to the borehole using the drill rod (5).

8. The remote automated coal seam gas uncovering method for gradually expanding and depressurizing coalbed methane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the cavity construction process, stress monitoring, gas change monitoring and displacement monitoring are carried out on the tunnel cross section (9).

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