An over-high rock pillar non-explosive excavation operation system and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of rail transit underground excavation station construction, and discloses a super-high rock column non-blasting excavation operation system and a construction method thereof, which comprises a plurality of anchor rods for punching into the arch crown surrounding rock of a left and / or right pilot tunnel; the bottom of the anchor rod is fixed with a C-shaped steel rail which is open downward and arranged along the direction of the pilot tunnel; the front end and the rear end of the C-shaped steel rail are respectively provided with a steering wheel; the system further comprises a movable support longitudinal beam arranged in the C-shaped steel rail, the front end and the rear end of the movable support longitudinal beam are respectively provided with a cable, and the cable and the steering wheel are respectively connected with a fixed winch on the ground; the system further comprises a lifting platform connected with the movable support longitudinal beam through a lifting cable. The system relies on the arch crown surrounding rock structure during tunnel excavation, can completely eliminate the requirement for the flatness of the ground, effectively realizes the rapid adjustment of the excavation operation height and operation position of the super-high rock column, does not need to change the lifting multiple times during the whole process, thereby realizes the excavation of the operation point in all directions, and effectively speeds up the excavation construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground railway station construction, specifically to a non-blasting excavation system and construction method for ultra-high rock pillars. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit projects, various excavation methods have emerged for underground stations due to changes in net space dimensions and structural designs. These include methods such as the "reserved central rock pillar method" and the "double-sided wall pilot tunnel method" for single-arch large-section tunnels, and the "tunnel-pile method" for continuous-arch large-section tunnels. However, the "reserved central rock pillar method" faces challenges when removing the central rock pillar. Due to the high clearance and uneven filling at the tunnel invert arch, using a ground-based mobile lifting platform typically limits the lifting height to no more than 16 meters. Larger heights require custom-made platforms, making ground movement and lifting extremely difficult. Using a suspended platform for building exterior walls is also problematic. The platform's longitudinal dimensions limit its movement, necessitating constant movement from the ground to the next vertical work area, which is highly inconvenient.

[0003] Therefore, a working platform is needed that can utilize the arch-top surrounding rock anchoring system to enable real-time, omnidirectional, and freely change the working point position for excavation of the rock column, in order to avoid the limitations of uneven ground and the tedious work of changing lifting points, thereby improving the efficiency of excavation operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that, due to the changing net space dimensions of underground stations in urban rail transit, existing excavation methods lack a suitable working platform for non-blasting excavation of ultra-high-strength rock pillars. The existing working platforms are difficult to move and lift, resulting in low excavation efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a non-blasting excavation system for ultra-high-strength rock pillars, including a number of anchor rods driven into the surrounding rock of the arch of the left and / or right pilot tunnel; a C-shaped steel rail with an opening facing downward and arranged along the direction of travel of the pilot tunnel is fixed at the bottom of the anchor rod, and a steering wheel is provided at the front end and the rear end of the C-shaped steel rail.

[0006] It also includes a movable support longitudinal beam installed in a C-shaped steel rail. The front and rear ends of the movable support longitudinal beam are equipped with cables, which are connected to the fixed winches on the ground at the front and rear ends of the guide tunnel through the cables and steering wheels, respectively.

[0007] It also includes a lifting platform connected to a movable support beam via lifting cables.

[0008] Specifically, the lifting platform includes a platform body, and a set of lifting components is provided at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the platform body. The lifting components include a lifting winch fixed on the platform body, and a lifting cable fixing column at the same height as the lifting winch. After the lifting cable passes around the movable support longitudinal beam, one end is connected to the lifting winch and the other end is connected to the lifting cable fixing column.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable support longitudinal beam is equipped with a fixed pulley, and the lifting cable passes around the fixed pulley, with both ends connected to the lifting cable fixing column and the lifting winch, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom opening of the C-shaped rail is also equipped with a flared rubber pad layer.

[0011] This invention also provides a construction method for a non-blasting excavation system for ultra-high rock pillars, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: During the excavation and support construction of the left and right pilot tunnels, anchor bolts are driven into the arch of the surrounding rock, and C-shaped steel rails are fixed at the bottom of the anchor bolts.

[0013] Step S2: Install lifting cables on the movable support longitudinal beam, insert the movable support longitudinal beam from the end of the C-shaped steel rail, connect the cable at the end of the movable support longitudinal beam, and connect the cables at both ends to the fixed winches at the front and rear ends of the guide tunnel through the steering wheel.

[0014] Step S3: Pass the lifting cable around the movable support longitudinal beam and connect the lifting cable to the lifting assembly;

[0015] Step S4: Adjust the position of the movable support longitudinal beam to the position of the central rock pillar using the fixed winch. Then, raise the lifting platform to the top using the lifting assembly and begin excavation at the top of the central rock pillar, with a excavation distance of A. Next, adjust the position and height of the lifting assembly and begin excavation at the middle and upper sections of the central rock pillar, with a excavation distance of B.

[0016] Adjust the position and height of the lifting components and excavate the middle and lower sections of the middle rock column with a tunneling distance of C. Adjust the position and height of the lifting components and excavate the bottom of the middle rock column with a tunneling distance of D. Finally, excavate at equal intervals in the order of top-middle and high sections-middle and low sections-bottom. Among them, A is greater than B, greater than C, and greater than D to ensure that the middle rock column after excavation presents a stepped shape.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The system of the present invention relies on the arch rock structure during tunnel excavation, which can completely break away from the requirements of the ground for flatness, effectively realize the rapid adjustment of the excavation height and position of ultra-high rock pillars, and the rapid adjustment process does not require multiple changes in lifting and lowering, thereby realizing all-round changes in the excavation point and effectively accelerating the excavation construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-section for the construction sequence of the rock column method for the pre-excavation of stations in urban rail transit projects.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal profile for the construction sequence of the underground station of an urban rail transit project using the rock column method.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section diagram of the system structure of the present invention, with the lifting platform omitted in the diagram.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the system structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the movable support longitudinal beam.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting platform and lifting components.

[0024] The labels in the diagram are as follows: Arch crown surrounding rock—1; Anchor bolt—2; C-shaped rail—3; Trumpet-shaped rubber pad—31; Moving support longitudinal beam—4; Cable—41; Fixed pulley—42; Fixed winch—5; Lifting cable—6; Platform body—71; Lifting winch—72; ​​Lifting cable fixing column—73. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to provide a better understanding of the concept of the present invention, the technical problem solved, the technical features constituting the technical solution, and the technical effects brought about.

[0026] like Figures 1-6 A non-blasting excavation system for ultra-high rock pillars includes several anchor bolts 2 driven into the surrounding rock 1 of the arch of the left and / or right pilot tunnel; the bottom of the anchor bolts 2 is fixed with C-shaped steel rails 3 with downward openings and arranged along the direction of travel of the pilot tunnel, and a steering wheel is provided at the front end and the rear end of the C-shaped steel rails 3.

[0027] It also includes a movable support longitudinal beam 4 installed in the C-shaped steel rail 3. The front and rear ends of the movable support longitudinal beam 4 are equipped with cables 41, and are connected to the fixed winches 5 on the ground at the front and rear ends of the guide tunnel through the cables 41 and the steering wheel, respectively.

[0028] It also includes a lifting platform connected to the movable support beam 4 via lifting cable 6.

[0029] In this invention, the anchor bolts 2 driven into the surrounding rock 1 of the top arch serve as the load-bearing suspension points for the entire system. The movable support longitudinal beam 4 serves as an auxiliary support for the platform during its forward and backward movement, and is also the main load-bearing member during the operation of the lifting platform. It is connected to the cable 41 and the fixed winch 5 at both ends, thereby adjusting the position of the movable support longitudinal beam 4 within the C-shaped rail 3. Simultaneously, the movable support longitudinal beam 4 drives the lifting platform below to move together, thus adjusting the position of the lifting platform in the longitudinal direction of the guide tunnel. Figures 1-2 In the process, the construction steps are in the order of ① to ⑧. First, the guide tunnels on the left and right sides are excavated, and after leaving the central rock pillar, the device of this invention is installed. Then, the central rock pillar is excavated in a cyclical manner in the order of ⑨ to ⑫.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting platform includes a platform body 71. A set of lifting components is provided at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the platform body 71. The lifting components include a lifting winch 72 fixed on the platform body 71, and a lifting cable fixing column 73 at the same height as the lifting winch 72. After the lifting cable 6 passes around the movable support longitudinal beam 4, one end is connected to the lifting winch 72 and the other end is connected to the lifting cable fixing column 73.

[0031] In this embodiment, a detailed structure of a lifting platform is provided. The platform body 71 serves as the main working platform, and its lifting is primarily achieved through a lifting assembly on its upper surface. The lifting assembly includes a lifting winch 72 connected to the lifting cable 6 and a lifting cable fixing post 73 connected to the lifting cable 6. Since the lifting cable fixing post 73 is at the same height as the lifting winch 72, when the lifting winch 72 slowly winds the lifting cable 6, it ensures that the lifting platform is lifted smoothly and prevents tipping.

[0032] As a further embodiment, the movable support longitudinal beam 4 is provided with a fixed pulley 42, and the lifting cable 6 passes around the fixed pulley 42 and its two ends are respectively connected to the lifting cable fixing column 73 and the lifting winch 72.

[0033] In this embodiment, the fixed pulley 42 can prevent wear on the lifting cable 6 and the movable support beam 4, and at the same time ensure that the lifting platform is lifted more smoothly when the lifting winch 72 winds the lifting cable 6.

[0034] As a further embodiment, the bottom opening of the C-shaped rail 3 is also provided with a flared rubber pad layer 31.

[0035] In this embodiment, by setting a flared rubber pad 31 at the opening of the C-shaped rail 3, the wear of the lifting cable 6 can be further effectively reduced, and the structural integrity of the C-shaped rail 3 can be protected to avoid wear of the C-shaped rail 3.

[0036] The present invention discloses a construction method for a non-blasting excavation system for ultra-high-strength rock pillars, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step S1: During the excavation and support construction of the left and right guide tunnels, anchor rods 2 are driven into the arch of the surrounding rock, and C-shaped steel rails 3 are fixed at the bottom of the anchor rods 2.

[0038] Step S2: Set up lifting cable 6 on the movable support longitudinal beam 4, insert the movable support longitudinal beam 4 from the end of the C-shaped steel rail 3, and connect the cable 41 at the end of the movable support longitudinal beam 4. Connect the cable 41 at both ends to the fixed winch 5 at the front and rear ends of the guide tunnel through the steering wheel.

[0039] Step S3: Pass the lifting cable 6 around the movable support longitudinal beam 4 and connect the lifting cable 6 to the lifting assembly;

[0040] Step S4: Adjust the position of the movable support beam 4 to the position of the middle rock column using the fixed winch 5. Lift the lifting platform to the top using the lifting assembly and excavate the top of the middle rock column with a distance of A. Adjust the position and height of the lifting assembly and excavate the middle-high section of the middle rock column with a distance of B. Adjust the position and height of the lifting assembly and excavate the middle-low section of the middle rock column with a distance of C. Adjust the position and height of the lifting assembly and excavate the bottom of the middle rock column with a distance of D. Finally, excavate at equal intervals in the order of top-middle-high section-middle-low section-bottom; where A > B > C > D, to ensure that the middle rock column presents a stepped shape after excavation.

[0041] In step S4, the segmented tunneling construction method can effectively improve the stress state of the central rock column during the excavation process, avoid ensuring the stability of the central rock column structure during the excavation process, avoid serious deformation of the central rock column, and at the same time, the stepped central rock column after tunneling can also facilitate the construction personnel to take temporary refuge as soon as possible in the event of a malfunction of the lifting platform.

[0042] The terms "connection" and "fixing" appearing in the description of this invention can refer to fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in this invention should be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the description of this invention, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., are used only to indicate the orientation or positional relationship for the convenience of describing this invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply a specific orientation that the device or element referred to must have, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for non-explosive extraction of overburden in a rock pillar, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps:

2. A system for non-explosive extraction of high rock pillars according to claim 1, characterized in that, The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps:

3. A system for non-explosive extraction of high rock pillars according to claim 2, characterized in that, The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps:

4. A method of constructing a system for non-explosive extraction of high rock pillars according to claim 1, characterized in that, The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the following steps: The utility model discloses a tunneling device, comprising the 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