A monitoring device applied to ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of pipe jacking construction, and particularly relates to a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, which comprises a starting well, a cutterhead assembly, a pipe jacking mechanism and a plurality of prefabricated pipe sections, the prefabricated pipe sections are arranged between the cutterhead assembly and the pipe jacking mechanism, and a monitoring pipe section is installed in series between the prefabricated pipe sections. The application can perform follow-up settlement monitoring along with the pipe jacking construction, can timely predict the deformation phenomenon of the ground caused by settlement, can assist in improving the stability of the soil layer, can reduce the possibility of ground deformation, has a large monitoring coverage range, high flexibility, reduces the limitations of ground deformation monitoring, has low construction difficulty, can simulate the detection of the friction force of the soil layer after tunneling, is beneficial to timely adjusting the jacking pressure of the prefabricated pipe section, and can perform long-term settlement monitoring of the soil layer after the burying of the prefabricated pipe section is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipe jacking construction technology, and in particular relates to a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction. Background Technology

[0002] As a trenchless construction method, the greatest advantage of pipe jacking is that it uses a tunneling method without opening trenches, thus avoiding the direct impact of the working face on above-ground buildings or structures. However, pipe jacking construction inevitably causes the movement of the ground and underground soil, which will affect the safety of adjacent buildings and underground pipelines.

[0003] During pipe jacking construction, in order to allow for adjustment, facilitate correction, and reduce the frictional resistance between the pipe section and the surrounding soil, the outer diameter of the tool pipe is generally 2-4 cm larger than that of the precast pipe section. Therefore, after the tool pipe is excavated, an annular gap is formed around the outer diameter of the pipe section. If the mud is not filled in time, the surrounding soil will move into the annular gap, resulting in soil loss. At the same time, the difference in outer diameter between the pipe section and the intermediate ring, and the poor flatness of the connection between the pipe sections, all cause soil loss and lead to soil settlement. Therefore, the most common phenomenon during pipe jacking construction is the concave deformation of the ground caused by soil settlement.

[0004] Currently, the general approach is to conduct preliminary exploration of soil layer distribution, followed by modeling and analysis based on the exploration data to assist in pipe jacking construction. This includes adjusting the grouting fluid ratio according to the exploration data and maintaining appropriate grouting pressure. During construction, corresponding monitoring devices, such as displacement sensors, are also used to monitor soil layer displacement and make timely adjustments based on the monitoring data. However, since pipe jacking is an underground construction process, burying monitoring devices on the ground would increase the difficulty and complexity of construction and would be limited by factors such as ground buildings. Moreover, it would be impossible to perform dynamic monitoring as the pipe jacking construction progresses, significantly limiting the coverage and flexibility of the monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, comprising a starting well, a cutterhead assembly, a pipe jacking mechanism and multiple prefabricated pipe sections, wherein the prefabricated pipe sections are disposed between the cutterhead assembly and the pipe jacking mechanism, and monitoring pipe sections are connected in series among the multiple prefabricated pipe sections;

[0007] A cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the inner wall of the monitoring tube section, and a circular cavity is formed inside the cylinder. A circular groove corresponding to the position of the cylinder is formed on the wall of the monitoring tube section. A first piston is slidably mounted inside the circular cavity, and a push rod is fixedly mounted through the end face of the first piston and slidably connected to the bottom of the circular groove. The push rod is hollow, and a jet hemisphere is fixedly connected to the top of the push rod. A first normally closed solenoid valve is located inside the push rod. A pressure triggering mechanism cooperating with the first normally closed solenoid valve is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the cylinder. A housing is located on one side of the cylinder, and a three-way pipe is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the housing. One end of the three-way pipe and the circular cavity are fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe... The device is equipped with a second normally closed solenoid valve. An air pump is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the housing, and the output end of the air pump is connected to the housing. An air resistance triggering mechanism is provided inside the housing. One end of the three-way pipe is fixedly connected to a diverter pipe, and a third normally closed solenoid valve is provided inside the diverter pipe. The end of the diverter pipe is fixedly connected to a ring pipe, and multiple friction detection mechanisms are fixedly connected to the ring pipe and the monitoring pipe section. A residence and settling detection mechanism is provided on the jet hemisphere. A control box is fixedly installed on the side wall of the cylinder, and a microcontroller is fixedly installed inside the control box. A remote alarm electrically connected to the microcontroller is fixedly installed inside the control box. A time relay group is fixedly installed inside the control box.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure triggering mechanism includes a circular cover fixedly disposed at the bottom of the cylinder, and a second piston is slidably disposed inside the circular cover. Two first springs are fixedly disposed between the second piston and the inner bottom of the circular cover. A first pressure switch is fixedly disposed on the inner bottom of the circular cover, and the first pressure switch is electrically connected to a first normally closed solenoid valve. The second normally closed solenoid valve and the third normally closed solenoid valve are both electrically connected to the first pressure switch through a time relay group.

[0009] Preferably, the gas resistance triggering mechanism includes a semi-circular box fixedly installed on the top of the housing. A strip-shaped hole is opened on the top of the housing at the position below the semi-circular box. The wall of the strip-shaped hole is rotatably connected to a rotating rod through a shaft pin. A frame plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating rod. A ventilation cloth block is fixedly installed inside the frame plate. A trigger pressure rod is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod. A trigger switch is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the semi-circular box. A trigger pressure plate is fixedly connected to the moving contact of the trigger switch. A set of return springs is fixedly installed between the trigger pressure plate and the inner wall of the semi-circular box. The trigger switch is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

[0010] Preferably, each of the friction detection mechanisms includes a connecting pipe fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the ring pipe. The monitoring pipe section has an air chamber fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and a third piston is slidably disposed inside the air chamber. A horizontal push rod is fixedly disposed at the end of the third piston, and a second spring is fixedly disposed between the third piston and the air chamber. A horizontal push groove is disposed on the outer wall of the monitoring pipe section, and a horizontal push block is slidably disposed inside the horizontal push groove. The horizontal push block is fixedly disposed at the rod end of the horizontal push rod. A second pressure switch is fixedly disposed on the groove wall of the horizontal push groove, and the second pressure switch is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer. A slow-release hole is disposed on the side wall of the air chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the residence and settling detection mechanism includes a fixed rod fixedly mounted on the top of the jet hemisphere, and the fixed rod is hollow inside. A fourth piston is slidably mounted inside the fixed rod. A connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the fourth piston and slidably connected to the top of the fixed rod. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod, and an insulating rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame via a pin. A conductive rod is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the insulating rotating plate. An insulating round block is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the connecting frame, and two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped conductive strips are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the insulating round block. An electromagnetic switch electrically connected to the conductive rod is fixedly mounted on the lower inside of the fixed rod, and the electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

[0012] Preferably, a cover is fixedly provided on the upper end of both side walls of the horizontal push block, and a storage groove matching the cover is provided on both groove walls of the horizontal push groove.

[0013] Preferably, a vent pipe is fixedly inserted into the lower end of the side wall of the fixing rod, and an electric control valve and a first pressure valve are provided inside the vent pipe. The first pressure valve is located inside the electric control valve. Support rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the end face of the fixing rod, and the ends of the two support rods are fixedly connected to a limit frame. The limit frame is sleeved on the outside of the insulating rotating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the housing is integrally formed with a baffle frame, and the baffle frame is located on one side of the frame plate. The side wall of the housing is provided with an exhaust hole on one side of the baffle frame, and a second pressure valve is provided inside the exhaust hole.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction are:

[0016] 1. Through the coordinated operation of the launching shaft, cutterhead assembly, pipe jacking mechanism, and multiple prefabricated pipe sections, it can be used for pipe jacking construction. Through the coordinated operation of multiple monitoring pipe sections, cylinders, cavities, grooves, a first piston, a groove, a jacking rod, a jet hemisphere, a first normally closed solenoid valve, a pressure triggering mechanism, a housing, a tee pipe, an air inlet pipe, a second normally closed solenoid valve, an air pump, and a gas resistance triggering mechanism, the jet hemisphere is ejected using a jetting method, automatically introducing gas into the excavated soil layer. By measuring the gas flow velocity within the soil layer, the looseness of the excavated soil layer can be detected based on the resistance of the soil to the gas. The system can automatically trigger when excessive loosening of the soil layer may lead to soil settlement, thus providing personnel with a ground settlement deformation prediction alarm. This allows for timely adjustments to the pipe jacking construction. Furthermore, by introducing gas into the soil layer around the pipe jacking, it can compensate for the air squeezed out during excavation, helping to improve soil stability and reduce the possibility of ground deformation. At the same time, by connecting multiple monitoring pipes in series in the prefabricated pipe section, it can be moved along with the pipe jacking construction, providing a large monitoring coverage area and high flexibility, reducing the limitations of ground deformation monitoring, eliminating the need for on-ground construction, and reducing construction difficulty.

[0017] 2. By coordinating the diversion pipe, the third normally closed solenoid valve, the ring pipe, and multiple friction detection mechanisms, gas can be used to simulate soil friction detection after excavation during the gap of prefabricated pipe section installation. This allows for timely adjustment of the jacking pressure of the pipe jacking mechanism on the prefabricated pipe section when the soil friction is high.

[0018] 3. By setting up a settlement monitoring mechanism, long-term settlement monitoring of the soil layer can be carried out after all precast pipe sections are constructed. This makes it convenient for personnel to conduct regular inspections of the settlement at the pipe jacking location. It also allows people to promptly know about possible deformation phenomena of the ground due to settlement for a long period of time after the pipe jacking construction is completed. At the same time, the monitoring pipe and its internal monitoring components can be fully utilized to improve utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a monitoring pipe section of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control box of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder and the dome of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a circular groove in a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air resistance triggering mechanism of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the jacking rod of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the friction detection mechanism of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing rod of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting frame and the insulating rotating plate of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a side view of the insulating circular block of a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, provided by the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Starting well, 2. Cutterhead assembly, 3. Pipe jacking mechanism, 4. Precast pipe section, 5. Monitoring pipe section, 6. Cylindrical section, 7. Circular cavity, 8. Circular groove, 9. First piston, 10. Push rod, 11. Jet hemisphere, 12. First normally closed solenoid valve, 13. Pressure triggering mechanism, 131. Circular cover, 132. Second piston, 133. First spring, 134. First pressure switch, 14. Housing, 15. T-connector, 16. Air inlet pipe, 17. Second normally closed solenoid valve, 18. Air pump, 19. Air resistance triggering mechanism, 191. Semicircular box, 192. Strip hole, 193. Rotating rod, 194. Frame plate, 195. Ventilation cloth block, 196. Trigger rod, 197. Trigger switch, 198. Trigger plate, 199. Return spring, 20. Diverter pipe, 21. Third normally closed solenoid valve, 22. Ring pipe, 23. The following components are listed: 231 Detection mechanism, 232 Connecting pipe, 232 Air chamber, 233 Third piston, 234 Horizontal push rod, 235 Second spring, 236 Horizontal push groove, 237 Horizontal push block, 238 Second pressure switch, 239 Slow release hole, 24 Residence and sedimentation detection mechanism, 241 Fixed rod, 242 Fourth piston, 243 Connecting rod, 244 Connecting frame, 245 Insulating rotating plate, 246 Conductive rod, 247 Insulating round block, 248 Arc-shaped conductive strip, 249 Electromagnetic switch, 25 Control box, 26 Microcontroller, 27 Remote alarm, 28 Time relay group, 29 Cover, 30 Storage slot, 31 Vent pipe, 32 Electrically controlled valve, 33 First pressure valve, 34 Support rod, 35 Limit frame, 36 Stop frame, 37 Exhaust hole, 38 Second pressure valve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction includes a launching shaft 1, a cutterhead assembly 2, a pipe jacking mechanism 3, and multiple prefabricated pipe sections 4. The prefabricated pipe sections 4 are disposed between the cutterhead assembly 2 and the pipe jacking mechanism 3, and monitoring pipe sections 5 are connected in series among the multiple prefabricated pipe sections 4. A cylinder 6 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the monitoring pipe section 5. A control box 25 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the cylinder 6, and a microcontroller 26 is fixedly installed inside the control box 25. A remote alarm 27 electrically connected to the microcontroller 26 is fixedly installed inside the control box 25. A time relay group 28 is fixedly installed inside the control box 25. The time relay group 28 consists of multiple time relays. The time relays can perform delayed power-on and power-off delay actions, which is a mature existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The cylinder 6 has a cavity 7 inside. The wall of the monitoring tube section 5 has a groove 8 corresponding to the position of the cylinder 6. A first piston 9 is slidably installed inside the cavity 7. A support spring is fixedly installed between the first piston 9 and the cavity 7. The support spring is used to assist the first piston 9 to return to its original position. A push rod 10 is fixedly installed through the end face of the first piston 9 and slidably connected to the bottom of the groove 8. The push rod 10 is hollow. The top of the push rod 10 is fixedly connected to a jet hemisphere 11. A first normally closed solenoid valve 12 is installed inside the push rod 10.

[0034] A pressure triggering mechanism 13, which cooperates with the first normally closed solenoid valve 12, is fixedly provided at the bottom of the cylinder 6. The pressure triggering mechanism 13 includes a circular cover 131 fixedly provided at the bottom of the cylinder 6, and a second piston 132 is slidably provided inside the circular cover 131. Two first springs 133 are fixedly provided between the second piston 132 and the inner bottom of the circular cover 131. A first pressure switch 134 is fixedly provided at the inner bottom of the circular cover 131, and the first pressure switch 134 is electrically connected to the first normally closed solenoid valve 12. The second normally closed solenoid valve 17 and the third normally closed solenoid valve 21 are both electrically connected to the first pressure switch 134 through a time relay group 28. After the moving contact of switch 134 closes under external pressure, the third normally closed solenoid valve 21 on the shunt pipe 20 can be energized for 3 minutes after a delay through the time relay group 28, and the second normally closed solenoid valve 17 can be de-energized after 3 minutes. At the same time, the first normally closed solenoid valve 12 is also electrically connected to the first pressure switch 134 through the time relay group 28. That is, after the moving contact of the first pressure switch 134 springs back to reset, the first normally closed solenoid valve 12 can also be de-energized for 1 minute after a delay under the action of the time relay group 28. This allows excess air inside the circular cavity 7 to be discharged through the push rod 10, thereby allowing the first piston 9 to move down and reset.

[0035] A housing 14 is provided on one side of the cylinder 6, and a three-way pipe 15 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the housing 14. One end of the three-way pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 7 via an air inlet pipe 16, and a second normally closed solenoid valve 17 is provided inside the air inlet pipe 16. An air pump 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the housing 14, and the output end of the air pump 18 is connected to the housing 14. An air resistance triggering mechanism 19 is provided inside the housing 14. The air resistance triggering mechanism 19 includes a semi-circular box 191 fixedly installed on the top of the housing 14. A strip-shaped hole 192 is opened on the top of the housing 14 below the semi-circular box 191, and a rotating rod 193 is rotatably connected to the wall of the strip-shaped hole 192 via a pivot pin. A frame plate 194 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the device. A ventilation cloth block 195 is fixedly installed inside the frame plate 194. A trigger pressure rod 196 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod 193. A trigger switch 197 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the semi-circular box 191. A trigger pressure plate 198 is fixedly connected to the moving contact of the trigger switch 197. A set of return springs 199 is fixedly installed between the trigger pressure plate 198 and the inner wall of the semi-circular box 191. The trigger switch 197 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 26. The trigger switch 197 is a pressure switch. After the trigger switch 197 is triggered, the microcontroller 26 receives the electrical signal generated after the trigger switch 197 is closed, and can control the remote alarm 27 to issue a corresponding alarm signal.

[0036] The inner wall of the housing 14 is integrally formed with a baffle 36, and the baffle 36 is located on one side of the frame plate 194. The side wall of the housing 14 is provided with an exhaust hole 37 on one side of the baffle 36, and the exhaust hole 37 is provided with a second pressure valve 38. Through the baffle 36, the gas delivered by the air pump 18 can pass through the ventilation cloth 195, and through the exhaust hole 37 and the second pressure valve 38, the gas that cannot be discharged in time can be discharged when the soil layer is relatively compact.

[0037] One end of the three-way pipe 15 is fixedly connected to a diverter pipe 20, and the diverter pipe 20 is equipped with a third normally closed solenoid valve 21. The end of the diverter pipe 20 is fixedly connected to a ring pipe 22, and the ring pipe 22 and the monitoring pipe section 5 are jointly and fixedly connected to multiple friction detection mechanisms 23. Each friction detection mechanism 23 includes a connecting pipe 231 fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the ring pipe 22. The monitoring pipe section 5 has an air chamber 232 fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 231, and a third piston 233 is slidably installed inside the air chamber 232. A horizontal push rod 234 is fixedly installed at the end of the third piston 233, and a second spring 235 is fixedly installed between the third piston 233 and the air chamber 232. A horizontal push groove 236 is opened on the outer wall of the monitoring pipe section 5, and a horizontal push block 237 is slidably installed inside the horizontal push groove 236. The horizontal push block 237 is located at... The end of the horizontal push rod 234 is fixedly installed, and the wall of the horizontal push groove 236 is fixedly equipped with a second pressure switch 238, which is electrically connected to the microcontroller 26. The side wall of the air chamber 232 is provided with a slow-release hole 239. After the moving contact of the second pressure switch 238 is squeezed and closed, the microcontroller 26 can receive the electrical signal of the second pressure switch 238. At this time, the remote alarm 27 can issue a corresponding alarm signal. When people receive the alarm signal, it means that the soil friction is small. If the alarm signal is not received within the specified time, it means that the soil friction is large and timely adjustment should be made, such as setting the jacking pressure. After the friction detection is completed, the slow-release hole 239 can discharge the excess gas inside the air chamber 232, so that the third piston 233 can move back to its original position under the action of the second spring 235.

[0038] The upper ends of the two side walls of the horizontal push block 237 are fixedly provided with shielding covers 29, and the two groove walls of the horizontal push groove 236 are provided with storage grooves 30 that match the shielding covers 29. Through the shielding covers 29, soil and other objects can be prevented from entering the interior of the horizontal push groove 236 as much as possible.

[0039] A residence settlement detection mechanism 24 is provided on the jet hemisphere 11. The residence settlement detection mechanism 24 includes a fixed rod 241 fixedly installed on the top of the jet hemisphere 11, and the interior of the fixed rod 241 is hollow. A fourth piston 242 is slidably installed inside the fixed rod 241. A connecting rod 243 is fixedly installed on the top of the fourth piston 242 and slidably connected to the top of the fixed rod 241. A connecting frame 244 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 243, and an insulating rotating plate 245 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame 244 through a pin. A conductive rod 246 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the insulating rotating plate 245. An insulating round block 247 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the connecting frame 244, and the side wall of the insulating round block 247 is fixedly installed. Two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped conductive strips 248 are fixedly provided. An electromagnetic switch 249 electrically connected to the conductive rod 246 is fixedly provided on the lower inner side of the fixed rod 241. The electromagnetic switch 249 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 26. After the conductive rod 246 rotates and contacts either of the arc-shaped conductive strips 248, it can connect the electromagnetic switch 249 to the external power supply, thereby energizing the electromagnetic switch 249. At this time, under the action of its own internal electromagnetic element, the moving contact can be attracted. The moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 249 can also move and close under the squeezing action of the fourth piston 242. After the squeezing force is removed, it can rebound and reset under the action of its own elastic element.

[0040] A vent pipe 31 is fixedly inserted into the lower side wall of the fixed rod 241. The vent pipe 31 is equipped with an electric control valve 32 and a first pressure valve 33. The first pressure valve 33 is located inside the electric control valve 32. Support rods 34 are fixedly connected to both sides of the end face of the fixed rod 241. The ends of the two support rods 34 are fixedly connected to a limit frame 35. The limit frame 35 is sleeved on the outside of the insulating rotating plate 245. Through the limit frame 35, the insulating rotating plate 245 can be limited and blocked during the follow-up monitoring process to prevent the insulating rotating plate 245 from rotating arbitrarily and affecting the normal contraction of the top rod 10. After all the prefabricated pipe sections 4 are buried, the electric control valve 32 is activated. At this time, the air pressure inside the fixed rod 241 is relatively large in the initial state. At this time, the first pressure valve 33 can be opened, thereby venting some of the excess air inside the fixed rod 241. At this time, the connecting frame 244 and the insulating rotating plate 245 can be moved down, thereby allowing the insulating rotating plate 245 to be released from the limitation of the limit frame 35.

[0041] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: After the basic structure such as the starting well 1 is constructed, the cutterhead assembly 2 is used to excavate the side wall of the starting well 1. After excavating a certain distance, the first monitoring pipe section 5 is installed. Then, each prefabricated pipe section 4 is installed in sequence. In conjunction with the pipe jacking mechanism 3, multiple prefabricated pipe sections 4 are jacked in sequence. A monitoring pipe section 5 is connected in series between every three prefabricated pipe sections 4.

[0042] During the pipe jacking process, during the installation of prefabricated pipe section 4, the air pump 18 and the second normally closed solenoid valve 17 on the air inlet pipe 16 inside the already installed monitoring pipe section 5 are manually activated by the microcontroller 26. At this time, the air pump 18 delivers air into the cylindrical cavity 7 of the cylinder 6 through the housing 14, the three-way pipe 15, and the air inlet pipe 16. Under the action of the gas, the first piston 9 can be pushed upward, which in turn drives the jet hemisphere 11 to move upward and insert into the soil layer after excavation via the push rod 10. When the jet hemisphere 11 cannot move, as the air pressure inside the cylindrical cavity 7 increases, the second piston 132 can be squeezed downward until the second piston 132 touches the first pressure switch 134. At this time, the first normally closed solenoid valve 17 on the cylinder 6 is activated. When valve 12 is opened, the gas delivered by air pump 18 is ejected from the jet hemisphere 11 through cylinder 6. The gas then flows into the gaps in the soil layer. If the gaps in the soil layer are large and loose, the outflow speed of the gas increases. At this time, the air delivered by air pump 18 can rotate the rotating rod 193 through the ventilation cloth block 195 inside the frame plate 194 due to the increased flow rate. When the soil layer is too loose and the gaps are large, the gas flow rate is too fast. At this time, the angle of rotation of the rotating rod 193 can be increased, which can drive the trigger rod 196 to squeeze the trigger plate 198, and then close the moving contact of the trigger switch 197. At this time, the microcontroller 26 receives the electrical signal of the trigger switch 197, which can enable the remote alarm 27 to perform remote alarm operation.

[0043] After the moving contact of the first pressure switch 134 engages, the third normally closed solenoid valve 21 on the diversion pipe 20 can be energized for a delay of 3 minutes via the time relay group 28, and the second normally closed solenoid valve 17 can be de-energized after 3 minutes. That is, after 3 minutes, the third normally closed solenoid valve 21 can be energized. At this time, part of the gas delivered by the air pump 18 flows out through the diversion pipe 20 and enters the interior of multiple air chambers 232 through the ring pipe 22 and multiple connecting pipes 231. As the pressure inside the air chamber 232 increases, it can push the third piston 233 to move, thereby pushing the horizontal push block 237 to move via the horizontal push rod 234. Since the horizontal push block 237 is in contact with the soil layer, under the action of friction, it can... To slow down the movement of the horizontal push block 237, under normal friction, the horizontal push block 237 can smoothly contact the second pressure switch 238 under the pushing action of the third piston 233. After the moving contact of the second pressure switch 238 is squeezed and closed, it can give an electrical signal to the microcontroller 26, so that the remote alarm 27 can perform remote alarm operation. If the friction is large, the resistance of the soil layer to the horizontal push block 237 is large. At this time, the movement speed of the horizontal push block 237 is slow. Therefore, if the personnel do not receive the alarm signal sent by the remote alarm 27 after the microcontroller 26 is manually started for 6 minutes, it indicates that the friction of the soil layer is large and timely adjustment should be made.

[0044] After all the precast pipe sections 4 are installed, the air pumps 18 and the second normally closed solenoid valve 17 are manually controlled by the microcontroller 26 for 3 minutes. At this time, under the action of the first piston 9, the fixed rod 241 and the connecting frame 244 can be pushed into the soil layer through the push rod 10 and the air jet hemisphere 11. Under the action of the air pressure inside the circular cavity 7, the fixed rod 241 and the connecting frame 244 can be kept inside the soil layer. Then, the electric control valve 32 on the vent pipe 31 is activated. Under the action of the air pressure inside the fixed rod 241, the first pressure valve 33 can be opened. At this time, some of the air inside the fixed rod 241 is discharged, and the fourth piston 242 moves down. At this time, the connecting rod 243, the connecting frame 244 and the insulating rotating plate 245 can move down. At this time, since the limitation of the limit frame 35 is no longer present, the insulating rotating plate 245 can rotate freely. If the soil layer settles, the fourth piston 242 will be pushed down by the settlement pressure until it touches the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 249. At this time, the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch 249 will close under the external pressure. After receiving the electrical signal from the electromagnetic switch 249, the microcontroller 26 can control the remote alarm 27 to issue an alarm signal. At the same time, if the soil layer settles laterally, the insulating rotating plate 245 can be rotated by a certain angle. This will cause the conductive rod 246 to rotate. When the insulating rotating plate 245 deflects at a large angle, the conductive rod 246 will contact one of the arc-shaped conductive strips 248. At this time, the electromagnetic switch 249 will be energized and the moving contact will be actively attracted by the internal electromagnetic components. Thus, the microcontroller 26 can also control the remote alarm 27 to issue an alarm signal.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction, comprising a launching shaft (1), a cutterhead assembly (2), a pipe jacking mechanism (3), and multiple prefabricated pipe sections (4), characterized in that, The precast pipe section (4) is disposed between the cutterhead assembly (2) and the jacking mechanism (3), and a monitoring pipe section (5) is installed in series between multiple precast pipe sections (4); A cylinder (6) is fixedly provided on the upper side of the inner wall of the monitoring tube section (5), and a circular cavity (7) is opened inside the cylinder (6). A circular groove (8) corresponding to the position of the cylinder (6) is opened on the tube wall of the monitoring tube section (5). A first piston (9) is slidably provided inside the circular cavity (7), and a push rod (10) is fixedly provided through the end face of the first piston (9) and slidably connected to the bottom of the circular groove (8). The push rod (10) is hollow, and the top of the push rod (10) is fixedly connected to a spray nozzle. The cylinder (6) has a hemispherical structure (11), and the push rod (10) is equipped with a first normally closed solenoid valve (12). The bottom of the cylinder (6) is fixedly equipped with a pressure triggering mechanism (13) that cooperates with the first normally closed solenoid valve (12). A housing (14) is provided on one side of the cylinder (6), and a three-way pipe (15) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the housing (14). One end of the three-way pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (7) with an air inlet pipe (16), and the air inlet pipe (16) is equipped with a second... A normally closed solenoid valve (17) is provided. An air pump (18) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the housing (14), and the output end of the air pump (18) is connected to the housing (14). An air resistance triggering mechanism (19) is provided inside the housing (14). One end of the three-way pipe (15) is fixedly connected to a diverter pipe (20), and a third normally closed solenoid valve (21) is provided inside the diverter pipe (20). The end of the diverter pipe (20) is fixedly connected to a ring pipe (22), and the ring pipe (22) is... Multiple friction detection mechanisms (23) are fixedly connected together with the monitoring pipe section (5). A residence and settling detection mechanism (24) is provided on the jet hemisphere (11). A control box (25) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the cylinder (6). A microcontroller (26) is fixedly installed inside the control box (25). A remote alarm (27) electrically connected to the microcontroller (26) is fixedly installed inside the control box (25). A time relay group (28) is fixedly installed inside the control box (25).

2. The monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure triggering mechanism (13) includes a circular cover (131) fixedly disposed at the bottom of the cylinder (6), and a second piston (132) is slidably disposed inside the circular cover (131). Two first springs (133) are fixedly disposed between the second piston (132) and the inner bottom of the circular cover (131). A first pressure switch (134) is fixedly disposed on the inner bottom of the circular cover (131), and the first pressure switch (134) is electrically connected to a first normally closed solenoid valve (12). The second normally closed solenoid valve (17) and the third normally closed solenoid valve (21) are both electrically connected to the first pressure switch (134) through a time relay group (28).

3. The monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas resistance triggering mechanism (19) includes a semi-circular box (191) fixedly mounted on the top of the housing (14). A strip-shaped hole (192) is provided on the top of the housing (14) below the semi-circular box (191). A rotating rod (193) is rotatably connected to the wall of the strip-shaped hole (192) via a pivot pin. A frame plate (194) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating rod (193). A ventilation cloth (19) is fixedly provided inside the frame plate (194). 5) A trigger lever (196) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod (193). A trigger switch (197) is fixedly provided on one side of the inner wall of the semicircular box (191). A trigger plate (198) is fixedly connected to the moving contact of the trigger switch (197). A set of reset springs (199) is fixedly provided between the trigger plate (198) and the inner wall of the semicircular box (191). The trigger switch (197) is electrically connected to the microcontroller (26).

4. The monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the friction detection mechanisms (23) includes a connecting pipe (231) fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the ring pipe (22). The monitoring pipe section (5) has an air chamber (232) fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (231). A third piston (233) is slidably disposed inside the air chamber (232). A horizontal push rod (234) is fixedly disposed at the end of the third piston (233). A second spring is also fixedly disposed between the third piston (233) and the air chamber (232). 235), the outer wall of the monitoring tube section (5) is provided with a horizontal push groove (236), and a horizontal push block (237) is slidably provided inside the horizontal push groove (236). The horizontal push block (237) is fixedly located at the rod end of the horizontal push rod (234). A second pressure switch (238) is fixedly provided on the groove wall of the horizontal push groove (236), and the second pressure switch (238) is electrically connected to the microcontroller (26). A slow release hole (239) is provided on the side wall of the air chamber (232).

5. A monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling detection mechanism (24) includes a fixed rod (241) fixedly mounted on the top of the jet hemisphere (11), and the interior of the fixed rod (241) is hollow. A fourth piston (242) is slidably mounted inside the fixed rod (241). A connecting rod (243) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fourth piston (242) and slidably connected to the top of the fixed rod (241). A connecting frame (244) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod (243), and the inner wall of the connecting frame (244) is connected by a pin. An insulating rotating plate (245) is rotatably connected to the shaft. A conductive rod (246) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the insulating rotating plate (245). An insulating round block (247) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the connecting frame (244). Two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped conductive strips (248) are fixedly provided on the side wall of the insulating round block (247). An electromagnetic switch (249) electrically connected to the conductive rod (246) is fixedly provided on the lower inner side of the fixed rod (241). The electromagnetic switch (249) is electrically connected to the microcontroller (26).

6. A monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper ends of the two side walls of the horizontal push block (237) are fixedly provided with cover (29), and the two groove walls of the horizontal push groove (236) are provided with storage grooves (30) that match the cover (29).

7. A monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, A vent pipe (31) is fixedly inserted into the lower side wall of the fixed rod (241), and an electric control valve (32) and a first pressure valve (33) are provided inside the vent pipe (31). The first pressure valve (33) is located inside the electric control valve (32). Support rods (34) are fixedly connected to both sides of the end face of the fixed rod (241), and the ends of the two support rods (34) are fixedly connected to a limit frame (35). The limit frame (35) is sleeved on the outside of the insulating rotating plate (245).

8. A monitoring device for ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (14) is integrally formed with a baffle (36), and the baffle (36) is located on one side of the frame plate (194). The side wall of the housing (14) is provided with an exhaust hole (37) on one side of the baffle (36), and a second pressure valve (38) is provided inside the exhaust hole (37).

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