A light-scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function

Abstract

A light-scattering dust detector that utilizes dual airflow channels to achieve a self-cleaning function. The inner housing forms an L-shaped cavity within a receiving chamber. The transverse section of the L-shaped cavity serves as a laser channel, while the longitudinal section serves as a light absorption chamber. A pair of air guide plates are located at the right end of the laser channel, forming a detection chamber within the cavity. Ventilation holes are provided on the front and rear sidewalls of the detection chamber. A laser emitter is located at the left end of the laser channel. A light sensor is located within the detection chamber. An air pump installation cavity is formed within the U-shaped enclosure. A longitudinal partition 1 isolates a gas buffer cavity at the front of the inner housing. A pair of longitudinal partitions 2 form air channel A within the receiving chamber. Air channel B is formed between partition 3, partition 2, and the U-shaped enclosure. Air channels B and A are connected via a connecting port. A channel conversion mechanism is used to open or close the connecting port. An air pump is installed in the air pump installation cavity. An exhaust fan is installed in the main air outlet. A dehumidifier is installed in the receiving chamber. This detector can achieve real-time detection of dust concentration on the working surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dust concentration monitoring, and in particular relates to a light scattering dust detector that utilizes dual airflow channels to achieve a self-cleaning function. Background Art

[0002] Dust refers to solid particles floating in the air. It's commonly referred to by many names, such as dust, soot, smoke, mineral dust, sand, and powder, with no clear distinction between these terms. According to the International Organization for Standardization, suspended solids with a particle size of less than 75 μm are defined as dust. In daily life and production, industrial dust poses a significant threat to human health and is a major cause of various diseases. Therefore, timely and effective monitoring of dust concentrations, strict control of dust concentrations, reduction of dust hazards, and protection of employee health have become critical tasks for modern enterprises.

[0003] With the development and advancement of sensor technology, sensor technology for air quality monitoring has become increasingly mature. Low-cost air quality sensors are widely used in atmospheric pollution monitoring due to their low price, compact size, simple installation, rapid response, and easy maintenance. They compensate for the insufficient spatiotemporal resolution of online monitoring instruments at traditional automatic air quality monitoring stations. Furthermore, sensor data can capture pollution distribution characteristics at higher spatiotemporal resolution, complementing standard monitoring methods. Networks composed of low-cost sensors can be used to monitor the concentrations of various air pollutants in real time, collect high-resolution pollution data, and apply it to various air pollution management tasks, such as supplementing conventional air pollution monitoring, improving pollutant impacts, protecting human health, emergency response management, hazardous leak detection, source compliance monitoring, and raising community awareness of air quality issues.

[0004] Low-cost air quality sensors are widely used as a new monitoring technology for supplementary environmental monitoring. Currently, there is no specific standard and regulatory system to regulate low-cost air quality sensors, resulting in uneven quality of sensors available on the market, and the data quality of the sensors cannot be effectively guaranteed. Air quality sensors in the existing technology have the following shortcomings: On the one hand, current dust sensors are greatly affected by air humidity and are often not suitable for high-humidity environments; on the other hand, when monitoring environments with high dust concentrations, a large amount of dust enters the device, which can easily affect the readings and even cause damage to the device; in addition, the light shielding properties of existing air quality sensors are not ideal. Since light intensity sensors are highly sensitive to light, even a very small amount of external light interference will cause the readings to be significantly affected. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a light scattering dust detector that utilizes dual airflow channels to achieve a self-cleaning function. The detector has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. It can not only realize real-time detection of dust concentration on the working surface, but also has a self-cleaning function. At the same time, its detection accuracy is high, which can ensure the credibility of the detection results and effectively meet the real-time monitoring needs of mine personnel.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a light scattering dust detector that realizes a self-cleaning function by utilizing dual airflow channels, comprising an outer shell, a bottom plate, an inner shell, an air guide plate, a laser emitter, a light sensor, a laser processing device, a U-shaped enclosure, a longitudinal partition one, a longitudinal partition two, a partition three, a channel conversion mechanism, an air pump, a fan, a dehumidification device and a pressure relief cover; the outer shell is made of an opaque material, and is a box-type structure with an open lower end; the size of the bottom plate is consistent with the size of the lower open end of the outer shell, and it is fixedly packaged at the lower open end of the outer shell, and a accommodating cavity is formed between the bottom plate and the outer shell. The left end of the inner shell is open and is formed by a straight plate that is bent 90 degrees multiple times, and an L-shaped cavity is formed inside it; the inner shell is arranged on the front side of the accommodating cavity, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, its upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell, and its open end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left side plate of the outer shell; the transverse section of the inner shell extends in the left and right directions, and its longitudinal section extends longitudinally from the right end of the transverse section to the rear side; the transverse section of the L-shaped cavity forms a laser channel, and the longitudinal section of the L-shaped cavity forms a light absorption chamber; the light absorption chamber is used to absorb light entering therein;

[0007] A pair of air guide plates are arranged at the right end of the laser channel at intervals, and the periphery of the air guide plates is fixedly connected to the periphery of the laser channel. A pair of light holes are opened in the center of the pair of air guide plates at the left and right sides, and the pair of air guide plates isolate the detection chamber at the right end of the laser channel; a plurality of air holes are arranged on the front and rear side walls of the detection chamber.

[0008] The laser emitter is arranged inside the left end of the laser channel and mounted on the bottom plate, and the laser output port of the laser emitter is arranged coaxially with a pair of light holes;

[0009] The optical sensor is arranged in the detection chamber and mounted on the bottom plate;

[0010] The laser processing device is installed in the light absorption chamber;

[0011] The U-shaped panel is opened toward the rear side and is arranged at the rear end of the accommodating cavity. The upper and lower edges of the panel are fixedly connected to the outer shell and the bottom plate respectively. The open end of the panel is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell, forming an air pump installation cavity inside the U-shaped panel.

[0012] The longitudinal partition plate 1 is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is located in front of the front side plate of the inner shell, and is aligned with the air guide plate on the right side in the longitudinal direction; the longitudinal partition plate 1 is fixedly connected to the outer shell, the bottom plate and the inner shell, and isolates the gas buffer cavity on its left side; the gas buffer cavity is connected to the external atmosphere through the pressure relief port provided on the front side plate of the outer shell;

[0013] A pair of longitudinal baffles are disposed in the accommodating cavity and located between the rear side plate and the U-shaped enclosure of the inner shell, and are aligned longitudinally with the pair of air guide plates. The pair of longitudinal baffles are fixedly connected to the outer shell, the bottom plate, the inner shell, and the U-shaped enclosure. An air passage A is formed between the pair of longitudinal baffles.

[0014] The partition plate 3 is a multi-section bent plate, which is arranged at the rear of the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell and the U-shaped enclosure. Its front end is fixedly connected to the middle part of the left longitudinal partition plate 2, and its rear end extends to the left rear and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell. Its upper and lower ends are respectively fixedly connected to the top plate and bottom plate of the outer shell; an air channel B is formed between the partition plate 3 and the U-shaped enclosure; the rear end of the air channel B is connected to the external atmosphere through the main air outlet provided on the rear side plate of the outer shell, and the front end of the air channel B is connected to the air channel A through a connecting port provided in the middle part of the left longitudinal partition plate 2; the size of the connecting port is consistent with the size of the cross section of the air channel A;

[0015] The channel conversion mechanism consists of a movable baffle, a support plate, and a C-shaped spring sheet. The left end of the movable baffle is hinged to the rear end of the communication port, and its size is consistent with that of the communication port, and is used to open or close the communication port during rotation. The support plate is located at the rear side of the communication port and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. One end of the C-shaped spring sheet is connected to the left part of the support plate, and the other end is connected to the left part of the movable baffle, so as to provide elastic force during the reset process of the movable baffle.

[0016] The air pump is installed in the air pump installation cavity, and its air inlet is connected to the outside atmosphere through the air inlet 1 provided on the rear side panel of the outer shell, and its air outlet is connected to the rear end of the air channel A through the communication hole provided on the U-shaped enclosure;

[0017] The exhaust fan is installed in the main air outlet;

[0018] The dehumidifier is installed in the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell and the partition plate 3; the air inlet of the dehumidifier is connected to the main air inlet provided on the outer shell through the air inlet pipeline, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet end of the exhaust pipeline, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipeline penetrates into the gas buffer cavity and is in communication with the gas buffer cavity;

[0019] The pressure relief cover is installed at the pressure relief port and is used to open and relieve pressure when the pressure in the gas buffer chamber exceeds a set value.

[0020] Furthermore, in order to improve the cleaning effect, an air collecting hood is also included, which is installed at the rear end of the air channel A, with its small mouth end adapted to the size of the connecting hole and connected to the connecting hole, and its large mouth end adapted to the size of the cross-section of the air channel A and arranged toward the front side.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of moisture-proof beads are installed inside the dehumidification device.

[0022] Preferably, the laser processing device is composed of a plurality of refraction plates arranged in a light absorption chamber, and the surface of each refraction plate is coated with a light absorption material.

[0023] Furthermore, in order to realize an automated control process, a controller and a power supply are also included. The controller is connected to the air pump, laser emitter, light sensor and exhaust fan respectively, and the power supply is used to provide power supply to each power-consuming unit.

[0024] As a preference, the controller is a PLC controller.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the movable baffle can effectively close the rear part of the air channel A, it also includes a limit block, which is fixedly connected to the left side of the longitudinal partition 2 on the right side and is located below the connecting port, and is used to limit the lower position of the movable baffle that is rotated downward to the horizontal state.

[0026] In the present invention, the base plate is enclosed within the lower open end of the outer shell, forming a protective housing with a receiving cavity. This effectively isolates the outer shell from external air and dust, thereby effectively protecting the components within the receiving cavity and fully ensuring detection accuracy. The outer shell is made of an opaque material, effectively blocking light, thereby preventing it from entering the receiving cavity and affecting detection accuracy. By setting up the inner shell, the laser channel and the light absorption chamber can be isolated in the accommodating cavity. A pair of air guide plates are installed at the end of the laser channel to isolate the detection chamber in the laser channel. A pair of light holes are opened opposite to each other in the center of the pair of air guide plates to ensure that the laser in the laser channel can enter the detection chamber through the light holes; the gas buffer chamber is isolated on the front side of the inner shell by using the longitudinal partition plate 1, and the air channel A is isolated on the rear side of the inner shell by using the pair of longitudinal partition plates 2, and a number of air vents are opened opposite to each other on the front and rear side walls of the detection chamber to effectively establish a channel between the gas buffer chamber, the detection chamber and the air channel A; the air channel B is formed by using the partition plate 3 in conjunction with the U-shaped enclosure and the longitudinal partition plate 2 on the left side, and the connecting port opened on the longitudinal partition plate 2 is used to establish a connecting channel between the air channel A and the air channel B, so that the gas to be detected entering the gas buffer chamber can be introduced into the detection chamber through the air vents for detection by the effect of negative pressure, and the gas to be detected can be discharged to the outside through the air channel A and the air channel B, effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the detection process. The provision of a gas buffer chamber can ensure that the detection gas can enter the detection chamber more smoothly, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy. The provision of a light absorption chamber can effectively absorb the light passing through the detection chamber, thereby effectively preventing the light from being reflected back into the detection chamber and causing detection errors. The provision of a dehumidification device can effectively remove moisture from the detected gas, thereby reducing the impact of humidity on detection accuracy. The provision of a fan can provide negative pressure for the air channel, ensuring that the detected air can continuously enter the detection chamber. The provision of a pressure relief cover can effectively prevent damage to the device caused by high-pressure airflow when the air channel is blocked. The air outlet of the air pump is connected to the rear end of the air channel A, and a channel conversion mechanism is set at the connecting port. During the cleaning process, the high-pressure airflow pumped out by the air pump can be used to push the movable baffle to rotate to the connecting port, thereby closing the connecting port. In this way, a cleaning channel can be established, and the high-pressure airflow can be used to effectively clean the air channel inside the detector; through the setting of the C-shaped spring sheet, when the air pump is not working, the elastic force can be used to put the movable baffle in a horizontal state, and then the connecting channel between the air pump and the air channel A can be closed. In this way, a normal detection channel can be established, ensuring the smooth progress of the continuous detection process.The movable baffle is hinged to the longitudinal partition on the left side, and the movable baffle and the support plate are connected by a C-shaped spring sheet. The spring can be used to keep the movable baffle in a horizontal state at all times under normal conditions, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the detection channel. At the same time, the high-pressure airflow can be used to automatically push open the movable baffle and close the connecting port during the cleaning process, thereby establishing a cleaning channel. The detector has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation, and does not require collection. It can not only realize real-time detection of dust concentration on the working surface, but also has a self-cleaning function. In this way, the detector can operate for a long time under conditions of high dust concentration, effectively saving time and labor costs during the cleaning process, avoiding damage to the device due to improper cleaning, and greatly improving the reliability of the device. It solves the problem of underground dust concentration sensors being easily contaminated and reducing the accuracy and reliability of the detector due to continuous operation in a high-concentration environment from the essential level of the equipment, thereby realizing long-term continuous detection of dust on the working surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection chamber in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light absorption chamber of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a state structure diagram of the channel conversion mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is another state structure schematic diagram of the channel conversion mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Light sensor, 2. Laser emitter, 3. Main air inlet, 4. Dehumidification device, 5. Exhaust fan, 6. Pressure relief cover, 7. Laser processing device, 8. C-shaped spring sheet, 9. Movable baffle, 10. Air pump, 11. Bottom plate, 12. Inner shell, 13. Outer shell, 14. Laser channel, 15. Air channel B, 16. Air guide plate, 17. Light absorption chamber, 18. Light hole, 19. Detection chamber, 20. Air vent, 21. U-shaped enclosure, 22. Longitudinal partition one, 23. Gas buffer chamber, 24. Longitudinal partition two, 25. Partition three, 26. Main air outlet, 27. Air channel A, 28. Connecting port, 29. Support plate, 30. Gas collecting hood, 31. Limit block, 32. Refraction plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a light scattering dust detector that realizes a self-cleaning function by utilizing dual airflow channels, comprising an outer shell 13, a bottom plate 11, an inner shell 12, an air guide plate 16, a laser emitter 2, a light sensor 1, a laser processing device 7, a U-shaped enclosure 21, a longitudinal partition 1 22, a longitudinal partition 2 24, a partition 3 25, a channel conversion mechanism, an air pump 10, a fan 5, a dehumidification device 4 and a pressure relief cover 6; the outer shell 13 is made of an opaque material and is a box-type structure with an open lower end; the size of the bottom plate 11 is consistent with the size of the lower open end of the outer shell 13, and it is fixedly packaged at the lower open end of the outer shell 13, and a receiving cavity is formed between the bottom plate 11 and the outer shell 13, serving as The bottom plate 11 is made of an opaque material; the left end of the inner shell 12 is open and is formed by a straight plate with multiple 90-degree bends, and an L-shaped cavity is formed inside it; the inner shell 12 is arranged on the front side of the accommodating cavity, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11, its upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell 13, and its open end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left side plate of the outer shell 13; the transverse section of the inner shell 12 extends in the left and right directions, and its longitudinal section extends longitudinally from the right end of the transverse section to the rear side; the transverse section of the L-shaped cavity forms a laser channel 14, and the longitudinal section of the L-shaped cavity forms a light absorption chamber 17; the light absorption chamber 17 is used to absorb light entering therein;

[0035] A pair of air guide plates 16 are disposed at the right end of the laser channel 14 at intervals, and the periphery of the air guide plates 16 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the side walls of the laser channel 14. A pair of light holes 18 are formed in the centers of the pair of air guide plates 16 in opposite directions. The pair of air guide plates 16 isolate a detection chamber 19 at the right end of the laser channel 14. A plurality of air holes 20 are disposed on the front and rear side walls of the detection chamber 19.

[0036] The laser emitter 2 is disposed inside the left end of the laser channel 14 and mounted on the base plate 11, and the laser output port of the laser emitter 2 is coaxially disposed with a pair of light holes 18;

[0037] The optical sensor 1 is disposed in the detection chamber 19 and mounted on the base plate 11. When the airflow being measured passes through the detection chamber 19 at a certain flow rate, the light emitted by the laser processing device 7 impinges on the dust particles in the airflow being measured, causing scattering. The optical sensor 1, which is a light-sensitive element, measures the scattered light intensity signal in real time and transmits it to the controller in real time, allowing the controller to obtain the corresponding laser intensity value in real time. Since the scattered light intensity has a certain proportional relationship with the dust mass concentration, the dust mass concentration can be calculated using the light intensity after calibration.

[0038] The laser processing device 7 is installed in the light absorption chamber 17 and is used to emit laser light;

[0039] The U-shaped panel 21 is opened toward the rear side and is arranged at the rear end of the accommodating cavity. Its upper and lower ends are fixedly connected to the outer shell 13 and the bottom plate 11 respectively. Its open end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell 13, forming an air pump installation cavity inside the U-shaped panel 21.

[0040] The longitudinal partition plate 1 22 is disposed in the accommodating cavity and is located in front of the front side plate of the inner shell 12 and is longitudinally aligned with the air guide plate 16 on the right side. The longitudinal partition plate 1 22 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 13, the bottom plate 11, and the inner shell 12, and isolates a gas buffer chamber 23 on its left side. The gas buffer chamber 23 is connected to the external atmosphere through a pressure relief port provided on the front side plate of the outer shell 13.

[0041] A pair of second longitudinal baffles 24 are disposed in the accommodating cavity and located between the rear side panels of the inner casing 12 and the U-shaped enclosure 21, and are longitudinally aligned with the pair of air guide plates 16. The pair of second longitudinal baffles 24 are fixedly connected to the outer casing 13, the bottom plate 11, the inner casing 12, and the U-shaped enclosure 21. An air passage A27 is formed between the pair of second longitudinal baffles 24.

[0042] The third partition plate 25 is a multi-section bent plate, which is arranged at the rear of the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell 12 and the U-shaped enclosure 21. Its front end is fixedly connected to the middle portion of the second longitudinal partition plate 24 on the left side, and its rear end extends to the left rear and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell 13. Its upper and lower ends are respectively fixedly connected to the top plate and bottom plate 11 of the outer shell 13. An air channel B15 is formed between the third partition plate 25 and the U-shaped enclosure 21. The rear end of the air channel B15 communicates with the external atmosphere through a main air outlet 26 provided on the rear side plate of the outer shell 13, and the front end of the air channel B15 communicates with the air channel A27 through a connecting port 26 provided in the middle portion of the second longitudinal partition plate 24 on the left side. The size of the connecting port 26 is consistent with the size of the cross section of the air channel A27.

[0043] The channel conversion mechanism consists of a movable baffle 9, a support plate 29, and a C-shaped spring piece 8. The left end of the movable baffle 9 is hinged to the rear end of the communication port 26. Its size is consistent with that of the communication port 26 and is used to open or close the communication port 26 during rotation. The support plate 29 is located at the rear side of the communication port 26 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11. One end of the C-shaped spring piece 8 is connected to the left part of the support plate 29, and the other end is connected to the left part of the movable baffle 9 to provide elastic force during the reset process of the movable baffle 9.

[0044] The air pump 10 is installed in the air pump installation cavity, and its air inlet is connected to the external atmosphere through an air inlet 1 opened on the rear side panel of the outer shell 13, and its air outlet is connected to the rear end of the air channel A27 through a connecting hole opened on the U-shaped enclosure 21; the air pump 10 is used to pump high-pressure airflow into the air channel A, thereby realizing the cleaning operation of the device. As a preferred embodiment, the controller controls the working time of the air pump 10 every 24 hours, thereby realizing the function of regular cleaning.

[0045] The exhaust fan 5 is installed in the main air outlet 26, which drives the flow of air by continuously extracting air to the outside. At the same time, it can control the air flow by changing the rotation speed, thereby further improving the detection accuracy;

[0046] The dehumidifier 4 is installed in the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell 12 and the partition 3 25; the air inlet of the dehumidifier 4 is connected to the main air inlet 3 opened on the outer shell 13 through the air inlet pipeline, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet end of the exhaust pipeline, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipeline penetrates into the gas buffer chamber 23 and communicates with the gas buffer chamber 23;

[0047] The pressure relief cover 6 is installed at the pressure relief port and is used to open and relieve pressure when the pressure in the gas buffer chamber 23 exceeds a set value. The pressure relief cover 6 can automatically pop open and relieve pressure when the pressure in the gas buffer chamber exceeds a certain value. This can effectively prevent the high-pressure airflow from damaging the device when the air channel is blocked.

[0048] In order to improve the cleaning effect, an air collecting hood 30 is also included. The air collecting hood 30 is installed at the rear end of the air channel A27. Its small mouth end is adapted to the size of the connecting hole and is connected to the connecting hole. Its large mouth end is adapted to the size of the cross section of the air channel A27 and is set toward the front.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the dehumidification device 4 is internally provided with a plurality of moisture-proof beads, the main component of which is silica gel, which is used to dehumidify the air, thereby effectively reducing the influence of humidity on the detection accuracy of the light sensor 1 .

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the laser processing device 7 is composed of a plurality of refraction plates arranged in a light absorption chamber 17. The surface of each refraction plate is coated with a light absorption material, which can enable the light to be completely absorbed after several reflections in the light absorption chamber 17, thereby greatly reducing the interference caused by the laser reflection to the light sensor 1, and thus effectively reducing the detection error and improving the detection accuracy.

[0051] In order to realize the automated control process, a controller and a power supply are also included. The controller is connected to the air pump 10, the laser emitter 2, the light sensor 1 and the exhaust fan 5 respectively, and the power supply is used to provide power supply to each power-consuming unit.

[0052] As a preference, the controller is a PLC controller.

[0053] In order to ensure that the movable baffle can effectively close the rear part of the air channel A, the device also includes a limit block 31, which is fixedly connected to the left side of the longitudinal partition 24 on the right side and is located below the connecting port 28, and is used to limit the movable baffle 9 that is rotated downward to the horizontal state.

[0054] In the present invention, the base plate is enclosed within the lower open end of the outer shell, forming a protective housing with a receiving cavity. This effectively isolates the outer shell from external air and dust, thereby effectively protecting the components within the receiving cavity and fully ensuring detection accuracy. The outer shell is made of an opaque material, effectively blocking light, thereby preventing it from entering the receiving cavity and affecting detection accuracy. By setting up the inner shell, the laser channel and the light absorption chamber can be isolated in the accommodating cavity. A pair of air guide plates are installed at the end of the laser channel to isolate the detection chamber in the laser channel. A pair of light holes are opened opposite to each other in the center of the pair of air guide plates to ensure that the laser in the laser channel can enter the detection chamber through the light holes; the gas buffer chamber is isolated on the front side of the inner shell by using the longitudinal partition plate 1, and the air channel A is isolated on the rear side of the inner shell by using the pair of longitudinal partition plates 2, and a number of air vents are opened opposite to each other on the front and rear side walls of the detection chamber to effectively establish a channel between the gas buffer chamber, the detection chamber and the air channel A; the air channel B is formed by using the partition plate 3 in conjunction with the U-shaped enclosure and the longitudinal partition plate 2 on the left side, and the connecting port opened on the longitudinal partition plate 2 is used to establish a connecting channel between the air channel A and the air channel B, so that the gas to be detected entering the gas buffer chamber can be introduced into the detection chamber through the air vents for detection by the effect of negative pressure, and the gas to be detected can be discharged to the outside through the air channel A and the air channel B, effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the detection process. The provision of a gas buffer chamber can ensure that the detection gas can enter the detection chamber more smoothly, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy. The provision of a light absorption chamber can effectively absorb the light passing through the detection chamber, thereby effectively preventing the light from being reflected back into the detection chamber and causing detection errors. The provision of a dehumidification device can effectively remove moisture from the detected gas, thereby reducing the impact of humidity on detection accuracy. The provision of a fan can provide negative pressure for the air channel, ensuring that the detected air can continuously enter the detection chamber. The provision of a pressure relief cover can effectively prevent damage to the device caused by high-pressure airflow when the air channel is blocked. The air outlet of the air pump is connected to the rear end of the air channel A, and a channel conversion mechanism is set at the connecting port. During the cleaning process, the high-pressure airflow pumped out by the air pump can be used to push the movable baffle to rotate to the connecting port, thereby closing the connecting port. In this way, a cleaning channel can be established, and the high-pressure airflow can be used to effectively clean the air channel inside the detector; through the setting of the C-shaped spring sheet, when the air pump is not working, the elastic force can be used to put the movable baffle in a horizontal state, and then the connecting channel between the air pump and the air channel A can be closed. In this way, a normal detection channel can be established, ensuring the smooth progress of the continuous detection process.The movable baffle is hinged to the longitudinal partition on the left side, and the movable baffle and the support plate are connected by a C-shaped spring sheet. The spring can be used to keep the movable baffle in a horizontal state at all times under normal conditions, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the detection channel. At the same time, the high-pressure airflow can be used to automatically push open the movable baffle and close the connecting port during the cleaning process, thereby establishing a cleaning channel. The detector has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation, and does not require collection. It can not only realize real-time detection of dust concentration on the working surface, but also has a self-cleaning function. In this way, the detector can operate for a long time under conditions of high dust concentration, effectively saving time and labor costs during the cleaning process, avoiding damage to the device due to improper cleaning, and greatly improving the reliability of the device. It solves the problem of underground dust concentration sensors being easily contaminated and reducing the accuracy and reliability of the detector due to continuous operation in a high-concentration environment from the essential level of the equipment, thereby realizing long-term continuous detection of dust on the working surface.

[0055] Working process:

[0056] During normal detection, the movable baffle 9 is in a horizontal state under the action of the C-shaped spring sheet 8, thereby closing the channel between the air channel A27 and the air pump 10. At this time, the main air inlet 3, the dehumidification device 4, the gas buffer chamber 23, the detection chamber 19, the air channel A27, the connecting port 28, the air channel B15 and the main air outlet 3 form a detection channel. The exhaust fan 5 is controlled to start working to provide negative pressure in the detection channel, so that the detected gas enters from the main air inlet 3, passes through the detection channel and is discharged from the main air outlet 26. At the same time, the laser emitter 2 is controlled to work so that the laser enters the detection chamber 19 through the laser channel 14 and the left light hole 18, and enters the light absorption chamber 17 through the right light hole 18. In this process, the light sensor 1 is used to collect the light intensity signal of the detected air passing through the detection chamber 19 in real time, which can facilitate the controller to obtain the light intensity value in real time. The dust mass depth can be calculated through the light intensity value, thereby realizing a real-time detection process. After the set time (preferably 24 hours), the controller controls the exhaust fan 5 to turn off, and at the same time, controls the air pump 10 to start working, and provides high-pressure airflow to the air channel A27 through the air pump 10. The airflow pushes the movable baffle 9 to the left to place it in the longitudinal state and closes the connecting port 28. At this time, a cleaning channel is formed between the air channel A27, the detection chamber, the gas buffer chamber 23, the dehumidification device 4 and the main air inlet 3. In this way, the high-pressure airflow can clean the dust accumulated inside the detector through the cleaning channel. Since the connecting port 28 is in a closed state during the cleaning process, the high-pressure airflow will not cause damage to the exhaust fan 5. After the cleaning set time (preferably 15 minutes), the controller controls the air pump 10 to stop working, and at the same time, controls the exhaust fan 5 to start working. Under the action of the C-shaped spring sheet 8, the movable baffle 9 is reset to the horizontal state, and the detector enters the normal continuous detection state.

Claims

1. A light scattering dust detector that realizes a self-cleaning function by utilizing dual airflow channels, comprising an outer shell (13) and a bottom plate (11), wherein the outer shell (13) is made of an opaque material and is a box-type structure with an open lower end; the size of the bottom plate (11) is consistent with the size of the lower open end of the outer shell (13), and the bottom plate (11) is fixedly packaged at the lower open end of the outer shell (13), and a receiving cavity is formed between the bottom plate (11) and the outer shell (13); characterized in that It also includes an inner shell (12), an air guide plate (16), a laser emitter (2), a light sensor (1), a laser processing device (7), a U-shaped enclosure (21), a longitudinal partition plate 1 (22), a longitudinal partition plate 2 (24), a partition plate 3 (25), a channel conversion mechanism, an air pump (10), an exhaust fan (5), a dehumidification device (4), and a pressure relief cover (6); The left end of the inner shell (12) is open and is formed by bending a straight plate 90 degrees multiple times, and an L-shaped cavity is enclosed therein; the inner shell (12) is arranged on the front side of the accommodating cavity, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (11), its upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell (13), and its open end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left side plate of the outer shell (13); the transverse section of the inner shell (12) extends in the left and right directions, and its longitudinal section extends longitudinally from the right end of the transverse section to the rear side; the transverse section of the L-shaped cavity forms a laser channel (14), and the longitudinal section of the L-shaped cavity forms a light absorption chamber (17); the light absorption chamber (17) is used to absorb light entering therein; A pair of air guide plates (16) are arranged at a distance from each other at the right end of the laser channel (14), and the four sides of the air guide plates (16) are fixedly connected to the four side walls of the laser channel (14). A pair of light holes (18) are opened at the center of the pair of air guide plates (16) in opposite directions. The pair of air guide plates (16) isolate a detection chamber (19) at the right end of the laser channel (14); a plurality of air holes (20) are arranged on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the detection chamber (19) on the surface thereof. The laser emitter (2) is arranged inside the left end of the laser channel (14) and mounted on the base plate (11), and the laser output port of the laser emitter (2) is coaxially arranged with a pair of light holes (18); The optical sensor (1) is arranged in a detection chamber (19) and mounted on a base plate (11); The laser processing device (7) is installed in a light absorption chamber (17); The U-shaped enclosure (21) is opened toward the rear side and is arranged at the rear end of the accommodating cavity. The upper and lower edges of the U-shaped enclosure (21) are fixedly connected to the outer shell (13) and the bottom plate (11) respectively. The open end of the U-shaped enclosure (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell (13). An air pump installation cavity is formed inside the U-shaped enclosure (21). The longitudinal partition plate (22) is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is located in front of the front side plate of the inner shell (12), and is aligned with the air guide plate (16) on the right side in the longitudinal direction; the longitudinal partition plate (22) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (13), the bottom plate (11) and the inner shell (12), and isolates a gas buffer cavity (23) on its left side; the gas buffer cavity (23) is communicated with the outside atmosphere through a pressure relief port provided on the front side plate of the outer shell (13); A pair of second longitudinal partitions (24) are disposed in the accommodating cavity and located between the rear side plate of the inner shell (12) and the U-shaped enclosure (21), and are aligned with the pair of air guide plates (16) in the longitudinal direction; the pair of second longitudinal partitions (24) are fixedly connected to the outer shell (13), the bottom plate (11), the inner shell (12) and the U-shaped enclosure (21); an air passage A (27) is formed between the pair of second longitudinal partitions (24); The partition plate 3 (25) is a multi-section bent plate, which is arranged at the rear of the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell (12) and the U-shaped enclosure (21). Its front end is fixedly connected to the middle of the left longitudinal partition plate 2 (24), and its rear end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side plate of the outer shell (13) after extending to the left rear. Its upper end and lower end are respectively fixedly connected to the top plate and bottom plate (11) of the outer shell (13); an air channel B (15) is formed between the partition plate 3 (25) and the U-shaped enclosure (21); the rear end of the air channel B (15) is connected to the external atmosphere through the main air outlet (26) provided on the rear side plate of the outer shell (13), and the front end of the air channel B (15) is connected to the air channel A (27) through the main air outlet (26) provided in the middle of the left longitudinal partition plate 2 (24); the size of the main air outlet (26) is consistent with the size of the cross section of the air channel A (27); The channel conversion mechanism is composed of a movable baffle (9), a support plate (29) and a C-shaped spring sheet (8); the left end of the movable baffle (9) is hinged to the rear end of the main air outlet (26), and its size is consistent with that of the main air outlet (26), and is used to open or close the main air outlet (26) during the rotation process; the support plate (29) is located at the rear side of the main air outlet (26) and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (11); one end of the C-shaped spring sheet (8) is connected to the left part of the support plate (29), and the other end is connected to the left part of the movable baffle (9), and is used to provide elastic force during the reset process of the movable baffle (9); The air pump (10) is installed in the air pump installation cavity, and its air inlet is connected to the outside atmosphere through the air inlet 1 provided on the rear side plate of the outer shell (13), and its air outlet is connected to the rear end of the air channel A (27) through the communication hole provided on the U-shaped enclosure (21); The exhaust fan (5) is installed in the main air outlet (26); The dehumidifying device (4) is installed in the accommodating cavity and is located between the inner shell (12) and the partition plate (25); the air inlet of the dehumidifying device (4) is connected to the main air inlet (3) provided on the outer shell (13) through the air inlet pipeline, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet end of the exhaust pipeline, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipeline penetrates into the gas buffer cavity (23) and is connected to the gas buffer cavity (23); The pressure relief cover (6) is installed at the pressure relief port and is used to open and relieve pressure when the pressure in the gas buffer chamber (23) exceeds a set value.

2. The light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes an air collecting hood (30), which is installed at the rear end of the air channel A (27), with its small end adapted to the size of the communicating hole and connected to the communicating hole, and its large end adapted to the size of the cross section of the air channel A (27) and arranged toward the front side.

3. A light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve a self-cleaning function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of moisture-proof beads are installed inside the dehumidification device (4).

4. The light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser processing device (7) is composed of a plurality of refraction plates arranged in a light absorption chamber (17), and the surface of each refraction plate is coated with a light absorption material.

5. The light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a controller and a power supply. The controller is connected to the air pump (10), the laser emitter (2), the light sensor (1) and the exhaust fan (5) respectively. The power supply is used to provide power supply to each power-consuming unit.

6. The light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller is a PLC controller.

7. The light scattering dust detector using dual airflow channels to achieve self-cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The device further includes a limit block (31), which is fixedly connected to the left side of the second longitudinal partition (24) on the right side and is located below the connecting port (28) for lower limiting the movable baffle (9) that rotates downward to a horizontal state.

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