Ecological protection red line early warning method and device

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological protection red line early warning method and device, and belongs to the field of satellite remote sensing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring satellite data; pre-processing and atmospheric correction are performed on the satellite data to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data; iteration is performed by using the minimum sum of squares of the difference between the estimated value of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observation value of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data to obtain the components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components; the attribute of the corresponding pixel is obtained according to the comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratio of all the components in the pixel and the first threshold value; and the ecological protection red line is early warned according to the attribute change of the pixel. The method solves the problem of land cover change recognition of the medium change rate satellite image which cannot be recognized by naked eyes, reduces the cost, and improves the timeliness of monitoring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of satellite remote sensing, and in particular to an ecological protection red line early warning method and device, an electronic device, and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ecological protection red line is a region with special important ecological function in the ecological space range and must be strictly protected, which is of great significance to maintaining the ecological security pattern and ensuring the ecological system function.

[0003] Due to the large area of the ecological protection red line, it is difficult to cover it by relying on people on the ground to patrol. How to establish a fast, accurate and automatic ecological protection red line comprehensive monitoring system is a top priority. Satellite remote sensing monitoring plays a great role in the ecological protection red line region, but the frequency of twice a year is still difficult to meet the needs of ecological protection red line supervision, and the satellite data automatic processing technology needs to be solved. The ecological protection red line supervision platform uses four satellites of Gaofen-1, Gaofen-2, Gaofen-6 and Gaofen-7 and resource satellite data to carry out human activity change detection, ecological condition monitoring and evaluation and ecological destruction problems. However, due to the limited number of state-owned satellites and the small scanning width of high-resolution data, only once every six months can provide red line detection results in the national range. In order to realize higher frequency of red line detection, the high-resolution optical satellite constellation of Changguang Satellite, Jilin-1, with resolution better than 1m high-resolution satellite data, can realize 1 / month monitoring frequency, so as to better be used for timely discovery of ecological protection red line destruction problems, fully master the ecological system composition, distribution and dynamic change of the red line area, timely evaluate and early warn ecological risks, and improve the scientific level of ecological protection red line management decision. However, the satellite data is very expensive, so how to open up a low-cost but can realize the technical approach of ecological protection red line problem detection demand is a top priority. SUMMARY

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides an ecological protection red line early warning method and device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an ecological protection red line early warning method, comprising:

[0006] acquiring satellite data;

[0007] preprocessing and atmospheric correction are performed on the satellite data to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data;

[0008] In each pixel, the sum of the product of the component variable of each feature spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the component is obtained to obtain the estimated value of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel;

[0009] The component of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in each pixel are calculated by optimal fitting between the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data.

[0010] The warning is given according to the result of comparing the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in the pixel with the first threshold value.

[0011] Preferably, the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the component are iteratively valued until the sum of squares of the difference between the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data reaches a minimum value, and the iteration is stopped to obtain the component of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in each pixel.

[0012] Preferably, in each pixel, the sum of the corresponding coverage area ratios of the components is greater than a second threshold value, and is best equal to 1.

[0013] Preferably, the ecological protection red line is warned according to the change of the attribute of the pixel, including:

[0014] The attributes of the corresponding pixels in the satellite data of the adjacent two monitoring periods are obtained respectively, and are recorded as the first attribute and the second attribute of the corresponding pixels respectively; the attribute of the pixel is the result of comparing the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in the pixel with the first threshold value;

[0015] It is judged whether the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent;

[0016] In the case that the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent, the adjacent pixels are merged into a new pixel.

[0017] Further preferably, a warning is given in response to the attribute of the new pixel being inconsistent with the attribute of the pixel recorded in the ecological red line base map.

[0018] Preferably, the attribute of the new pixel is the first attribute or the second attribute.

[0019] The satellite data is satellite data obtained by a medium resolution satellite, and the resolution range is greater than 10 meters to less than 30 meters.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for warning an ecological protection red line, which is used to implement the embodiments of the method of the first aspect of the present application, and includes:

[0021] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire satellite data.

[0022] An observation value calculation module is configured to perform satellite data preprocessing and atmospheric correction to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data.

[0023] An iteration module is configured to perform optimal fitting between the estimated values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observation values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data to obtain the components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and the corresponding coverage area ratio calculation results of the components.

[0024] An attribute calculation module is configured to obtain the attribute of the corresponding pixel according to the comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components in the pixel and the first threshold value.

[0025] A warning module is configured to perform early warning on the ecological protection red line according to the change of the attribute of the pixel.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program which can run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the early warning method of the ecological protection red line.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program code is executed by the processor to realize the early warning method of the ecological protection red line.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application provides an early warning method, device, electronic device and storage medium for the ecological protection red line, selects medium resolution satellite remote sensing data, sacrifices the spatial resolution of the pixel to obtain high time-frequency supervision capability, and proposes quantitative estimation and identification of the medium resolution satellite data on the coverage attribute type of the ecological red line to meet the requirements of timely patrol, monitoring, identification, early warning and law enforcement of the ecological red line. The method of the present application reduces the cost of using commercial satellites, also reduces the labor cost, and improves the timeliness of monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application and illustrate the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 The flow chart of the early warning method of the ecological protection red line in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the ecological red line monitoring of the high resolution satellite data;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating data acquired by a medium-resolution satellite with a spatial resolution of 10 meters.

[0034] Figure 4 The results of on-site verification of the application demonstration in Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, for the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a statistical result chart of the on-site verification in Yangshan, Guangdong, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a statistical result chart of the on-site verification in Conghua, Guangdong, as described in this application embodiment;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an early warning device for the ecological protection red line in Embodiment 2 of this application; Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In existing technologies, high-resolution satellite data, due to its small swath width and low monitoring frequency, cannot meet the needs of ecological red line supervision. While commercial companies have launched more high-resolution satellites, increasing the time frequency to once a month, the high cost of commercial satellite data poses a significant application obstacle for users. Medium-resolution satellite data is free, and its monitoring frequency of every few days greatly increases the detection demand for ecological protection red lines at a low cost. However, due to the coarser spatial resolution, direct visual interpretation of coverage attributes is impossible. Therefore, medium-resolution satellite data sacrifices spatial resolution for high time frequency. This application proposes an early warning method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for ecological protection red lines.

[0041] Current ecological red line monitoring based on high-resolution satellite data, such as Figure 2 As shown, the range of human activities can be directly delineated with the naked eye. However, due to the high resolution, the scanning width of the satellite becomes very small, mainly relying on manual visual interpretation technology, which is laborious, time-consuming, and has poor timeliness of supervision. The method of this application adopts an automated method based on quantitative estimation of coverage attributes of medium-resolution satellite data, realizing rapid identification of data processing and attribute estimation, and achieving timely protection of ecological red lines.

[0042] Medium resolution satellite can obtain data with spatial resolution of about 10 meters, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, by sacrificing the pixel resolution (the resolution is reduced from 1 meter or sub-meter to 10 meters), the scanning width of the satellite is increased from tens of kilometers to 290 kilometers and 300 kilometers, the re-entry frequency is increased, and the problem is that the naked eye cannot be directly used to identify the land cover type.

[0043] The application provides a warning method and device for ecological protection red line, an electronic equipment and a storage medium. A classification technology based on sub-pixel group component feature reflectance spectrum is proposed for the pixels in medium resolution satellite data, and the problem of identifying land cover change of medium resolution satellite images that cannot be identified by the naked eye is solved.

[0044] Since the ground cover type includes forest, shrub, grassland or other cover types and the like, the pixels of medium resolution satellite data, such as 10-meter spatial resolution pixels, contain a single cover type or two or more cover types, and each cover type is also called a sub-pixel for the total pixel, and the sub-pixel cover type can also be called a component of the pixel;

[0045] The medium resolution satellite data is currently free internationally, and can realize satellite data covering the whole country once every 3-4 days. How to use the medium resolution satellite data to carry out rapid patrol detection of the ecological protection red line becomes a technical problem, that is, whether the 10-meter resolution data can realize the identification of the area of human disturbance and environmental destruction and whether the identification accuracy meets the demand.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] The embodiment provides a warning method for ecological protection red line, as shown in the figure, which comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0048] Step S1: acquiring satellite data;

[0049] The satellite data is satellite data acquired by a medium resolution satellite, and the resolution ranges from greater than 10 meters to less than 30 meters. In this embodiment, the medium resolution satellite data is Sentinel 2A / B satellite data.

[0050] Step S2: preprocessing and atmospheric correction of the satellite data to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data;

[0051] The preprocessing comprises radiation correction and geometric fine correction. All band radiance values of visible light and near-infrared bands are converted into apparent reflectance values. Then, atmospheric correction is performed to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data.

[0052] ​Step S3: obtaining the component of each characteristic spectral reflectivity in each pixel and the corresponding calculation result of the area ratio of the component by performing optimal fitting in the spectral domain between the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectivity of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectivity of each pixel of the satellite data;

[0053] Land cover attribute is the basis of satellite remote sensing, and is a new concept emerging with the development of remote sensing technology. The meaning of land cover attribute is similar to that of land use. Land cover attribute focuses on the natural attribute of land, and land use focuses on the social attribute of land. The land cover attributes of the ecological regions to be protected in the ecological protection red line region mainly include several natural ecological types such as forest land, shrub, grassland, wetland, water body, and artificial land use types such as economic forest, farmland, dry land and building. The change of land cover attribute, i.e., the cover characteristics of these natural ecological types, is intervened by human activities and becomes other land use types.

[0054] Since land cover attribute information cannot be obtained by visual interpretation of medium-resolution satellite data, a quantitative estimation of land cover attribute based on medium-resolution pixel and typical ground object characteristic spectral analysis model is solved.

[0055] Further, comprising:

[0056] Step S3.1: obtaining the product result of each component by multiplying the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectivity and the corresponding area ratio variable of the component in each pixel;

[0057] Step S3.2: summing the product results of the components to obtain the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectivity of each pixel, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Wherein, r i,j is the jth component variable of the ith band characteristic spectral reflectivity in the pixel; C j is the area ratio variable of the jth component in the pixel, is the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectivity of the ith band in the pixel, which is the product (r i,j ×C j ) of the characteristic spectral reflectivity r i,j of the jth component (i.e., the jth cover type) of the ith band of the pixel and the area ratio C j of the jth component in the pixel, and the products (r i,j ×C j ) of the m components in the pixel are summed to obtain the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectivity of the ith band of all cover components in the pixel.

[0060] Best in each pixel, the sum of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components is equal to 1, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] The sum of the coverage area ratio of each component in a certain pixel in the calculation formula is equal to "1", and the coverage area ratio C of the pixel j Is the unknown number to be solved.

[0063] It should be noted that when the pixel contains multiple components, and part of the components have less contribution to the coverage rate, and / or, have less contribution to the spectral reflectance, the contribution of the components can be ignored, so in each pixel, the sum of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components should be greater than the set second threshold T2, which is expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] For example, T2=0.95, so that the calculation amount caused by unnecessary components participating in the calculation can be reduced, and the calculation efficiency can be improved.

[0066] Step S3.3: Iterative value of the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the components, until the sum of the squares of the difference between the estimated value of each pixel characteristic spectral reflectance and the observed value of each pixel characteristic spectral reflectance of the satellite data reaches the minimum value, stop iteration, and get the result of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components in each pixel.

[0067] The number of spectral samples is greater than the number of components. It is difficult for the components contained in each pixel of the medium resolution satellite data to exceed 5-6, that is, there are 5-6 unknown numbers of component proportions. Since the satellite observation band used for pixel component attribute identification can reach about 10, the equation group established based on about 10 is much larger than the required 5-6 unknown numbers, and equation (3) is solvable. That is, the spectral reflectance value obtained by the satellite n observation bands Under the constraint, the coverage area ratio C of the m components in the pixel j Iterative value. Formula (3) is expressed as follows,

[0068]

[0069] Wherein, n is the number of observation bands of the medium resolution satellite used for component identification, such as the visible-near infrared bands of about 10 that can be used in the case of the European Sentinel 2A / B satellite (medium resolution satellite), that is, n=10; is the observed value of the spectral reflectance of the i-th band of the star data of a certain pixel of the medium-resolution satellite observation image. When the value of formula (1) C j is continuously iterated, the calculated spectral reflectance of the n observation bands and the quantitative estimated pixel reflectance value are obtained. When the square sum of the difference between the calculated spectral reflectance of the n observation bands j and the quantitative estimated pixel reflectance value reaches the minimum ε, i.e. ε→min, the pixel coverage area ratio C j of this round of iteration is the required result.

[0070] It should be noted that formula (3) only gives a common objective function. In order to achieve spectral domain best fitting, other methods such as polynomial fitting, least squares method or self-defined objective function can be used to express the calculated pixel spectrum approximation to the observed pixel spectrum.

[0071] Step S4: According to the comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratio calculation result of the components in the pixel and the first threshold value, the attribute of the corresponding pixel is obtained.

[0072] According to the comparison result of the size of each coverage area ratio C j in the pixel and the first threshold value T1, the attribute of the pixel can be determined, for example, whether the pixel is mainly forest land or other coverage type.

[0073] It should be noted that the attribute of the pixel can be the comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratio calculation result of the components in the pixel and the first threshold value. For example, the difference or ratio of the coverage area ratio of the components and the first threshold value is taken as the attribute value of the pixel; for example, the difference or ratio of the coverage area ratio of the component with the largest coverage area ratio and the first threshold value is taken as the attribute value of the pixel; for example, the component whose coverage area ratio exceeds the first threshold value is taken as the attribute value of the pixel; further, if there is only one component whose coverage area ratio exceeds the first threshold value, the coverage area ratio of this component is the largest component in the pixel, and the name of the largest component is taken as the attribute value of the pixel.

[0074] Step S5: According to the change of the attribute of the pixel, the ecological protection red line is warned, including:

[0075] Step S5.1: The attributes of the corresponding pixels in the satellite data of the adjacent two monitoring periods are obtained respectively, which are denoted as the first attribute and the second attribute of the corresponding pixels respectively.

[0076] Step S5.2: judging whether the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent; for example, the satellite data of two adjacent monitoring periods are A and B respectively, the attribute of the corresponding pixel in the satellite data A is the first attribute, which changes from being mainly forest land to being mainly farmland, and the attribute of the corresponding pixel in the satellite data B is the second attribute, which also changes from being mainly forest land to being mainly farmland, so it is considered that the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute are consistent.

[0077] Step S5.3: merging the adjacent pixels into a new pixel in the case that the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent.

[0078] According to the attributes of the pixels and the change conditions thereof, the pixels with consistent attribute changes are merged to form a new pixel, for example, the attributes of two pixels in some medium-resolution satellite data are both forest land, after iteration of the attribute quantification estimation model of each pixel, the attributes of the two pixels are both changed to shrub, so it is considered that the forest land is felled or damaged in other ways, and the pixels with consistent attribute changes are merged to form a new pixel.

[0079] It should be noted that the change value of the attribute refers to the difference between the second attribute and the first attribute of any pixel. It can be understood that the computer system can calculate the difference value regardless of whether the attribute value is the name or the numerical value (difference value or ratio value) of the component. The change of the name of the component can also be represented by the algebraic operation value of the string representing different names.

[0080] Step S5.4: judging the nature of the pixel or the new pixel.

[0081] The judgment of the nature of the pixel or the new pixel includes:

[0082] judging whether the attribute of the pixel or the new pixel is consistent with the attribute of the pixel recorded in the ecological red line base map;

[0083] if consistent, the pixel or the new pixel is legal;

[0084] if inconsistent, the pixel or the new pixel is illegal.

[0085] The attribute of the new pixel can be the second attribute, for example, the used pixel attribute is the name of the component;

[0086] The attribute of the new pixel can also be the first attribute, for example, the used pixel attribute is represented as the difference value or the ratio value of the coverage area ratio of at least one component and the first threshold value.

[0087] determining the property of the new pixel, that is, according to the latitude and longitude data of the new pixel, the original attribute of the corresponding latitude and longitude in the ecological red line base map in the ecological protection red line database is searched, and the attribute of the new pixel is compared, if consistent, it is determined that the land cover attribute change belongs to the change in accordance with the planning, if inconsistent, it is caused by the illegal behavior of the ecological red line.

[0088] Step S5.5: In the case of illegal, the ecological protection red line is warned.

[0089] After determining the illegal activity, the ecological protection red line is warned. Since the medium resolution satellite data sacrifices the spatial resolution of the pixel in exchange for the high time-frequency detection advantage, the ecological protection red line can be quickly patrolled, identified and warned within 3-5 days.

[0090] In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the ecological protection red line warning method of the present embodiment, an example is given to illustrate:

[0091] The ecological protection red line warning method described in the present embodiment has been demonstrated in Guangxi, Guangdong and Anhui Province, including demonstration application in Ningming County, Chongzuo City in November 2017, demonstration application in Quanzhou County, Guilin City in February 2018, demonstration application in Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province in May 2018, demonstration application in Sanjiang County and Hepu County, Guangxi in June 2018, demonstration application in Yangshan and Conghua, Guangdong in April and October 2019, respectively.

[0092] Ningming County, Chongzuo City, tried for the first time, extracted and compared the land cover change data between the time periods of December 2016 and May 2017 using 10-meter resolution Sentinel-2 satellite, and verified the effect by using (Google Earth) high-resolution satellite image verification method, a total of 378 change polygons (from pixels to corresponding polygons) were extracted, with a correctness of 90.5%;

[0093] The second application demonstration was carried out in Quanzhou County, Guilin City, Guangxi, and the land cover change data between December 2017 and February 2018 was extracted using Sentinel-2 satellite data, and 16 change polygons were randomly selected for on-site verification, with a correctness of 100%.

[0094] The third application demonstration was carried out in Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, and 1599 change polygons were detected using 10-meter resolution data of Sentinel-2 satellite in March 2017 and February 2018, and 105 change polygons on one high-resolution satellite data were used for verification, such as Figure 4As shown in Table 1, the accuracy reached 88.6%; and at the same time, through on-site verification of 18 polygons, the accuracy was 87.5%. The demonstration application can stably detect the minimum change polygon of 1.5 mu, a total of 850 blocks (53%).

[0095] The fourth application demonstration was carried out in Sanjiang and Hepu counties of Guangxi in June 2018. A total of 2633 change polygons were detected by satellite, of which 1752 were forest land change polygons. After on-site verification, there were 1585 polygons, and the total accuracy reached 90.47%. The application demonstration showed that the minimum change polygon that could be stably detected was 1.5 mu, a total of 207 blocks (accounting for 12%). As shown in Table 1, the polygons detected by the medium-resolution satellite were checked.

[0096] Table 1 Verification results of demonstration application in Sanjiang and Hepu counties of Guangxi

[0097]

[0098] The fourth application demonstration in Guangdong Yangshan used satellite images from March 21, 2018 to November 1, 2018. A total of 332 change polygons were detected, and the results of on-site verification in April 2019 are shown in Table 1. Figure 5

[0099] The demonstration application in Conghua, Guangdong, showed that the satellite detected a total of 333 change polygons, and 326 polygons were verified in the field. There were actually 311 changes, and the total accuracy was 95.4%, as shown in Table 1. Figure 6

[0100] ​​The ecological protection red line warning method of the embodiment first acquires satellite data; through satellite data preprocessing and atmospheric correction, observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data are obtained; the iteration is performed by using the minimum sum of squares of differences between estimated values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observation values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data, to obtain components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and corresponding coverage area ratios of the components; according to a comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratios of all components in the pixel and a first threshold value, attributes of the corresponding pixel are obtained; and finally, according to a change condition of the attributes of the pixel, the ecological protection red line is warned. The medium resolution satellite data algorithm has the advantage of quickly identifying the coverage attribute type of the ecological red line patch, and the medium resolution satellite data is used to sacrifice the spatial resolution and obtain the high time-frequency characteristics, so that the cost is reduced. However, due to the coarse spatial resolution, the coverage attribute cannot be directly interpreted by the naked eye, so the iteration is performed by using the minimum sum of squares of differences between estimated values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observation values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data, to obtain components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and corresponding coverage area ratios of the components; finally, according to a change condition of the attributes of the pixel, the ecological protection red line is automatically warned. After the ecological red line monitoring using the high resolution satellite data, the artificial visual interpretation technology has to be used, which is laborious and time-consuming, and has poor supervision timeliness. The embodiment adopts the automatic method based on the quantitative estimation of the coverage attribute of the medium resolution satellite data, realizes the fast identification of data processing and attribute estimation, and realizes the timely protection of the ecological red line.

[0101] Embodiment 2

[0102] The embodiment provides an ecological protection red line warning device, which is used to realize the method of the first aspect of the application, as shown in Figure 7 The device comprises:

[0103] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire satellite data, such as step S1.

[0104] An observation value calculation module is configured to preprocess and correct the atmosphere of the satellite data, to obtain observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data, such as step S2.

[0105] An iteration module is configured to perform iteration by using the minimum sum of squares of differences between estimated values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observation values of the feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data, to obtain components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and corresponding coverage area ratios of the components, such as step S3.

[0106] The attribute calculation module is configured to calculate the attribute of the corresponding pixel according to the comparison result of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in the pixel with the first threshold value, such as step S4.

[0107] The early warning module is configured to perform early warning on the ecological protection red line according to the change of the attribute of the pixel, such as step S5.

[0108] The iteration module comprises:

[0109] The product unit is configured to obtain the product result of each component by multiplying the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectance with the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the component in each pixel, such as step S3.1.

[0110] The summation unit is configured to sum the product results of the components to obtain the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel, such as step S3.2.

[0111] The iteration unit is configured to iteratively take values of the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the component until the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data achieve the best fitting in the spectral domain, for example, the sum of squares of the difference between the two values reaches a minimum value, and the iteration is stopped to obtain the component of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component in each pixel, such as step S3.3.

[0112] The early warning module comprises:

[0113] The attribute acquisition unit is configured to respectively acquire the attribute of the corresponding pixel in the satellite data of the adjacent two monitoring periods, and the attributes are respectively denoted as the first attribute and the second attribute of the corresponding pixel, such as step S5.1.

[0114] The consistency judgment unit is configured to judge whether the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent, such as step S5.2.

[0115] The pixel merging unit is configured to merge the adjacent pixels into a new pixel in the case that the change values of the first attribute and the second attribute of the adjacent pixels are consistent, such as step S5.3.

[0116] The property judgment unit is configured to judge the property of the new pixel, such as step S5.4.

[0117] The early warning unit is configured to perform early warning on the ecological protection red line in the case that the new pixel is illegal, such as step S5.5.

[0118] The embodiment provides a device for ecological protection red line early warning, data acquisition module is used for acquiring satellite data; an observation value calculation module is used for obtaining observation values of feature spectral reflectance of each pixel of the satellite data; an iteration module is used for obtaining components of each feature spectral reflectance in each pixel and a corresponding coverage area ratio of the components; an attribute calculation module is used for obtaining attributes of the corresponding pixel; and a warning module is used for early warning the ecological protection red line according to attribute change conditions of the pixel. The embodiment solves the problem of land cover change recognition of the medium change rate satellite image which cannot be recognized by naked eyes.

[0119] Embodiment 3

[0120] The embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program which can run on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the ecological protection red line early warning method of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0121] The electronic device can be a mobile phone, a computer or a tablet computer, and includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the ecological protection red line early warning method as described in the embodiment. It can be understood that the electronic device can further include an input / output (I / O) interface and a communication component.

[0122] The processor is used to execute all or part of the steps of the ecological protection red line early warning method as described in the above embodiment. The memory is used to store various types of data, which can include, for example, instructions of any application program or method in the electronic device, and application program related data.

[0123] The processor can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor or other electronic elements, and is used to execute the ecological protection red line early warning method as described in the embodiment.

[0124] Embodiment 4

[0125] The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium with non-volatile program code executable by a processor, and the program code causes the processor to execute the ecological protection red line early warning method of the first aspect.

[0126] In each embodiment of the present application, each functional unit can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. When the functions are realized in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

[0127] Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium, and include several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0128] The aforementioned storage medium includes a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., a SD (Secure Digital Memory Card) or a DX (Memory Data Register, MDR) memory, etc.), a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a server, an APP (Application) application store, and various other media that can store program codes, and stores computer programs, which are executed by a processor, to implement each step of the early warning method for ecological protection red lines.

[0129] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that processes, methods, articles, or devices that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or include elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or devices. Without more limitations, the element defined by the phrase "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.

[0130] The above only describes the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of ecological protection red lines, characterized in that, include: Acquire medium-resolution satellite data; The satellite data is preprocessed and atmospherically corrected to obtain the observed values ​​of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data; In each pixel, the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel is obtained by summing the product of the component variable of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variable of the component. By performing optimal fitting between the estimated values ​​of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed values ​​of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in satellite data, the components of each characteristic spectral reflectance in each pixel and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components are obtained. The attributes of the corresponding pixel are obtained by comparing the result of the calculation of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components in the pixel with the result of the first threshold. The attributes of corresponding pixels in satellite data from two adjacent monitoring periods are obtained respectively and recorded as the first attribute and the second attribute of the corresponding pixel; it is then determined whether the change values ​​of the first attribute and the second attribute of adjacent pixels are consistent. If the change values ​​of the first attribute and the second attribute of adjacent pixels are the same, the adjacent pixels are merged into a new pixel; An early warning is issued in response to the inconsistency between the attributes of the new pixel and the pixel attributes recorded in the ecological red line base map.

2. The early warning method for ecological protection red lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component variables of each characteristic spectral reflectance and the corresponding coverage area ratio variables of the components are iteratively evaluated until the sum of the squares of the spectral domain of the differences between the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data reaches the minimum value. The iteration stops then, and the components of each characteristic spectral reflectance in each pixel and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components are obtained.

3. The early warning method for ecological protection red lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, In each cell, the sum of the corresponding coverage area ratios of the components is greater than the second threshold.

4. The early warning method for ecological protection red lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, An early warning is issued in response to the inconsistency between the attributes of the new pixel and the pixel attributes recorded in the ecological red line base map.

5. The early warning method for ecological protection red lines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The attribute of the new pixel is either a first attribute or a second attribute.

6. A device for early warning of ecological protection red lines, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire satellite data; The observation value calculation module is used to preprocess and atmospherically correct the satellite data to obtain the observed values ​​of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data; The iterative module is used to perform optimal fitting between the estimated value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel and the observed value of the characteristic spectral reflectance of each pixel in the satellite data, so as to obtain the component of each characteristic spectral reflectance in each pixel and the corresponding coverage area ratio of the component. The attribute calculation module is used to calculate the attribute of the corresponding pixel by comparing the result of the calculation of the corresponding coverage area ratio of the components in the pixel with the result of the first threshold. The early warning module is used to issue early warnings about ecological protection red lines based on changes in the attributes of the pixels.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the early warning method for ecological protection red lines as described in any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the early warning method for ecological protection red lines as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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