Charging and discharging control circuit, method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a charging and discharging control circuit, method, device and storage medium. The circuit comprises a starting power supply, a main positive switch unit, a first end of the main positive switch unit being connected with the starting power supply, and a second end of the main positive switch unit being connected with a generator of an automobile and a load of the automobile respectively; the main positive switch unit is used for disconnecting a current in a first current direction; the first current direction is a current direction in which the generator charges the starting power supply; and a battery management module is used for detecting a voltage of the starting power supply, and in the case that the voltage of the starting power supply reaches a preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that the generator stops charging the starting power supply. According to the embodiment of the application, when the voltage of the starting power supply is relatively high, the current direction of the charging circuit can be blocked, the starting power supply is stopped from being charged, and the starting power supply can still continue to supply power to the load, thereby avoiding a safety accident caused by abnormal power supply voltage of the load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of relay protection technology, and in particular relates to a charging and discharging control circuit, method, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automotive starter power supplies typically receive voltage from the vehicle's alternator for charging and then output a stable voltage to power the vehicle's various loads. When the alternator's output voltage cannot be adjusted, the starter power supply is prone to overcharging after being fully charged, leading to overcharge faults. To avoid overcharging, the starter power supply can be disconnected from the vehicle's main circuit when fully charged, preventing the alternator from continuing to charge it. However, at this point, the starter power supply will also be unable to continue outputting a stable voltage to power the various loads, potentially causing load anomalies and leading to safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a charging and discharging control circuit, method, device, and storage medium, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the disconnection of the current circuit when the starting power supply of an automobile is fully charged can easily lead to load abnormalities and safety accidents.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a charging and discharging control circuit for use in automobiles, the circuit comprising:

[0005] Start the power supply;

[0006] The main positive switch unit has its first terminal connected to the starting power supply, its second terminal connected to the vehicle's alternator, and its third terminal connected to the vehicle's load. The main positive switch unit is used to disconnect the current in the first current direction, which is the current direction of the charging circuit when the alternator is charging the starting power supply.

[0007] The battery management module is connected to the control terminal of the main positive switch unit and the starting power supply. The battery management module is used to detect the voltage of the starting power supply. When the voltage of the starting power supply reaches a preset voltage threshold, it controls the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that the generator stops charging the starting power supply.

[0008] By controlling the current direction of the main positive switching unit, the starting power supply can be charged and discharged when it is not fully charged. When the starting power supply is fully charged, the current direction in the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply, i.e., the first current direction, is restricted. At this time, the starting power supply can still discharge through the main positive switching unit, while the generator stops charging the starting power supply. This stops charging when the voltage of the starting power supply is high and ensures that the starting power supply outputs a stable voltage to power the load.

[0009] In some embodiments, the main positive switch unit includes:

[0010] The first switch has its first terminal connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply, and its second terminal connected to the first terminal of the generator and the first terminal of the load.

[0011] The reverse protection module is connected in parallel with the first switch. The reverse protection module is used to maintain the current in the second current direction when the first switch is open. The second current direction is the current direction of the power supply circuit when the starting power supply supplies power to the load.

[0012] The battery management module is used to turn on the first switch to charge and discharge the starting power supply when the voltage of the starting power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold; and to turn off the first switch to discharge the starting power supply and stop charging the starting power supply when the voltage of the starting power supply reaches the preset voltage threshold.

[0013] By setting a first switch and a reverse protection module, when the first switch is turned on, the main positive switch unit can transmit the charging current and discharging current of the starting power supply, thereby charging and discharging the starting power supply; when the first switch is turned off, the current direction of the main positive switch unit is restricted to the second current direction by the reverse protection module. At this time, the starting power supply can continue to supply power to the load, while the generator stops charging the starting power supply.

[0014] In some embodiments, the reverse protection module includes:

[0015] A diode, with its positive terminal connected to the first terminal of the first switch and its negative terminal connected to the second terminal of the first switch.

[0016] The reverse protection module can be a diode, which can unidirectionally limit the direction of current.

[0017] In some embodiments, the main positive switch unit includes:

[0018] The first field-effect transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply.

[0019] The second field-effect transistor has its first end connected to the first end of the generator and the first end of the load, and its second end connected to the second end of the first field-effect transistor.

[0020] The second field-effect transistor is equipped with a parasitic diode. The positive terminal of the parasitic diode is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor, and the negative terminal of the parasitic diode is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor.

[0021] The battery management module is used to turn on the first and second field-effect transistors when the voltage of the starting power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold; and to turn on the first field-effect transistor and turn off the second field-effect transistor when the voltage of the starting power supply reaches the preset voltage threshold.

[0022] By using two field-effect transistors (FETs) connected in series, the starting power supply can charge and discharge when both FETs are on. When the first FET is on and the second FET is off, the parasitic diode of the second FET can interrupt the current in the first current direction. At this time, the starting power supply can continue to supply power to the load, while the generator stops charging the starting power supply.

[0023] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge control circuit further includes:

[0024] The main and negative switch unit has its first terminal connected to the negative terminal of the starting power supply, and its second terminal connected to the second terminal of the generator or the second terminal of the load.

[0025] The heating module has its first end connected to the second end of the main positive switch unit, its second end connected to the first end of the main negative switch unit, and its control end connected to the battery management module. The heating module is used to heat the starting power supply.

[0026] By incorporating a heating module, the starting power supply can be heated when the battery temperature is low, thereby raising the starting power supply's temperature. Furthermore, the heating module can be powered by the generator when the main negative switch unit is conducting, and is not affected by the current direction of the main positive switch unit.

[0027] In some embodiments, the heating module includes:

[0028] The heating switch, whose control terminal is connected to the battery management module;

[0029] The heating device has its first end connected to the second end of the main positive switch unit via a heating switch, and its second end connected to the first end of the main negative switch unit. The heating device is placed on the surface of the starting power supply and is used to heat the starting power supply.

[0030] By setting up a heating switch and a heating device, the heating switch can be turned on to allow the generator to supply power to the heating device in order to heat the starting power supply.

[0031] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge control circuit further includes:

[0032] The temperature sensing unit is located inside the starting power supply and is electrically connected to the battery management module. The temperature sensing unit is used to generate a corresponding temperature signal based on the cell temperature of the starting power supply.

[0033] The battery management module is used to determine the cell temperature of the starting power supply based on the temperature signal sent by the temperature sensing unit. When the cell temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heating module is turned on; when the cell temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the heating module is turned off.

[0034] By setting up a temperature sensing unit, the battery management module can determine whether to activate the heating module to heat the starting power supply based on the temperature signal sent by the temperature sensing unit, thereby raising the temperature when the battery temperature is low.

[0035] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a charge / discharge control method applied to the aforementioned charge / discharge control circuit, the method comprising:

[0036] When the vehicle's alternator is detected to be running, the main positive switch unit is activated;

[0037] When the voltage of the starting power supply is detected to reach a preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction.

[0038] When the voltage of the starting power supply is high, by controlling the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction, the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply can be blocked, preventing the starting power supply from overcharging, and keeping the power supply circuit between the starting power supply and the vehicle load normal. The starting power supply can output a stable filtered voltage to other loads of the vehicle to avoid abnormal fluctuations in the power supply of the vehicle that could cause malfunctions or accidents.

[0039] In some embodiments, before controlling the main positive switching unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction when the voltage of the starting power supply is detected to reach a preset voltage threshold, the method further includes:

[0040] Obtain the cell temperature of the starting power supply;

[0041] When the cell temperature is below the first temperature threshold, the heating module is turned on and the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction;

[0042] When the cell temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the heating module is turned off, and the main positive switching unit is controlled to restore and maintain the current in the first current direction.

[0043] The battery management module can control the heating module based on the cell temperature of the starter power supply. When the cell temperature is below a first temperature threshold, the heating module can be turned on, and the generator can be controlled to stop charging the starter power supply. When the cell temperature is above a second temperature threshold, the heating module can be turned off, and the generator can be controlled to start charging the starter power supply.

[0044] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a charging and discharging control device, characterized in that the charging and discharging control device includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions;

[0045] The processor implements the above charging and discharging control method when executing computer program instructions.

[0046] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described charging and discharging control method.

[0047] Compared with existing technologies, the charging and discharging control circuit, method, device, and storage medium provided in this application, by setting a main positive switch unit, allows the battery management module to detect the voltage of the starting power supply. When the voltage of the starting power supply reaches a preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in a first current direction. The first current direction is the current direction when the generator charges the starting power supply. At this time, the starting power supply can still supply power to other loads through the main positive switch unit, while the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply cannot charge the starting power supply because the current in the first current direction is disconnected. When the voltage of the starting power supply is high, the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply can be blocked. At this time, the starting power supply can still discharge through the main positive switch unit, thereby ensuring a stable power supply to each load and preventing safety accidents caused by abnormal power supply voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a charge / discharge control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a charge / discharge control circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a charge / discharge control circuit provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a charge / discharge control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging and discharging control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging and discharging control method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging and discharging control device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] In the attached image:

[0057] 10. Starting power supply; 20. Main positive switch unit; 21. Reverse protection module; 30. Main negative switch unit; 40. Battery management module; 50. Generator; 60. Load; 70. Heating module; 71. Heating device; 80. Temperature sensing unit; Fuse, overcurrent protection module; Shunt, sampling module; K1. First switch; K2. Second switch; K3. Heating switch; D1. Diode; M1. First field-effect transistor; M2. Second field-effect transistor. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples of this application.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0060] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The embodiments will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] In related technologies, automotive starter power supplies typically receive voltage from the vehicle's alternator for charging and output a stable voltage to power the vehicle's various loads. Because the alternator's output voltage cannot be adjusted, starter power supplies are prone to overcharging after the battery is fully charged, leading to overcharge faults.

[0062] To prevent the starter power supply from overcharging, it can be disconnected from the vehicle's main circuit when fully charged, preventing the alternator from continuing to charge the starter power supply. However, at this time, the starter power supply will also be unable to continue outputting a stable voltage to power various loads, which can easily lead to load abnormalities and safety accidents.

[0063] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a charge / discharge control circuit, method, apparatus, and storage medium. The charge / discharge control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application will be described first.

[0064] The charging and discharging control circuit disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices such as automobiles, ships, or aircraft. Using a power system comprising such an electrical device, including the charging and discharging control circuit disclosed in this application, it is possible to stop charging the starting power supply when its voltage is high, while the starting power supply can continue to supply power to the load, thereby ensuring a stable power supply to the load.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a charge / discharge control circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The charge / discharge control circuit is applied to an automobile and includes a starting power supply 10, a main positive switch unit 20, and a battery management module 40.

[0066] The first terminal of the main positive switch unit 20 is connected to the starting power supply 10, and the second terminal of the main positive switch unit 20 is connected to the vehicle's alternator 50. The second terminal of the main positive switch unit 20 is also connected to the vehicle's load 60. The main positive switch unit 20 can disconnect the current in a first current direction, which is the current direction of the charging circuit when the alternator 50 charges the starting power supply 10.

[0067] The battery management module 40 can detect the voltage of the starting power supply 10, and when the voltage of the starting power supply 10 reaches a preset voltage threshold, it controls the main positive switch unit 20 to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that the generator 50 stops charging the starting power supply 10.

[0068] A starting power supply is a portable power source installed in electrical devices such as automobiles, ships, or aircraft, integrating power supply and charging functions. Taking an automobile as an example, the vehicle can charge the starting power supply through its internal generator. The starting power supply can supply power to various loads within the vehicle, and it can also provide emergency starting assistance when the vehicle stalls and cannot be restarted. The starting power supply can be a lithium battery, lead-acid battery, or sodium-ion battery, etc. This embodiment uses a lithium battery as the starting power supply for explanation.

[0069] The battery management module 40 can intelligently manage each power source or battery cell in the electrical device, monitor the battery's state of charge (SOC), i.e., the remaining battery capacity, and prevent overcharging and over-discharging, thereby extending the battery's lifespan. The battery management module 40 can also wirelessly communicate with the user's smart device to send the real-time status of the battery in the electrical device to the smart device, or receive corresponding control commands sent by the user through the smart device to control the battery status.

[0070] When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 does not reach the preset voltage threshold, the current direction on the main positive switch unit 20 can be bidirectional, that is, the generator 50 can charge the starting power supply 10, and the starting power supply 10 can provide a stable voltage for other loads 60 on the vehicle.

[0071] When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 reaches a preset voltage threshold, it indicates that the starting power supply 10 has reached full charge. At this time, the battery management module 40 can control the main positive switch unit 20 to disconnect the current in the first current direction, setting the direction of the current flowing through the main positive switch unit 20 to flow from the first terminal of the main positive switch unit 20 to the second terminal of the main positive switch unit 20. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can still output a stable voltage to supply power to each load 60, while the output voltage of the generator 50 cannot charge the starting power supply 10. This allows the starting power supply 10 to stop receiving the output voltage of the generator 50 when fully charged, and to continue to output a stable voltage to supply power to each load 60 in the vehicle, so as to avoid abnormal fluctuations in the power supply of the whole vehicle and cause safety accidents.

[0072] In this embodiment, by setting the main positive switch unit 20, the battery management module 40 can detect the voltage of the starting power supply 10 and set the current direction of the main positive switch unit 20 according to the voltage. When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 does not reach the preset voltage threshold, the current direction of the main positive switch unit 20 can be set to bidirectional. At this time, the generator 50 can charge the starting power supply 10 through the main positive switch unit 20, and the starting power supply 10 can also output a stable voltage through the main positive switch unit 20 to provide regulated power to each load 60. When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 reaches the preset voltage threshold, in order to avoid overcharging due to continued charging of the starting power supply 10, the battery management module 40 can control the main positive switch unit 20 to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that the current direction of the main positive switch unit 20 is from the first end to the second end. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can continue to supply power to the load 60, while the generator 50 stops charging the starting power supply 10, thereby avoiding overcharging of the starting power supply 10. By controlling the current direction of the main positive switch unit 20, the starting power supply 10 can be charged and discharged through the main positive switch unit 20 when it is not fully charged. When the starting power supply 10 is fully charged, the charging circuit between the generator 50 and the starting power supply 10 is blocked. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can still discharge through the main positive switch unit 20, thereby ensuring a stable power supply to the load 60.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the main positive switch unit 20 may include a first switch K1 and a reverse protection module 21. The first terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply 10, and the second terminal of the first switch K1 may be connected to the first terminal of the generator 50 or the first terminal of the load 60. The reverse protection module 21 is connected in parallel with the first switch K1. The reverse protection module 21 can maintain the current in the second current direction and disconnect the current in the first current direction. The second current direction is the current direction of the power supply circuit when the starting power supply 10 supplies power to the load 60; the first current direction is the current direction of the charging circuit when the generator 50 charges the starting power supply 10.

[0074] The battery management module 40 can detect the voltage of the starting power supply 10. When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 is lower than a preset voltage threshold, it can control the first switch K1 to turn on. At this time, the current direction of the main positive switching unit 20 can be bidirectional. That is, the starting power supply 10 can receive the output voltage of the generator 50 for charging, or it can output a stable voltage to power the load 60. When the voltage of the starting power supply 10 reaches the preset voltage threshold, the battery management module 40 can control the first switch K1 to turn off. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can output a stable voltage through the reverse protection module 21 to power each load 60. The charging circuit between the generator 50 and the starting power supply 10 is blocked due to the first switch K1 turning off, thereby realizing the unidirectional regulated output of the starting power supply 10. It can be understood that when the first switch K1 is off, as long as the reverse protection module 21 can ensure that the output voltage of the starting power supply 10 can be transmitted to the load 60 through the reverse protection module 21, while the output voltage of the generator 50 cannot be output to the starting power supply 10 through the reverse protection module 21, the purpose of this invention can be achieved.

[0075] By setting the first switch K1 and the reverse protection module 21, the starting power supply 10 can be charged and discharged when the first switch K1 is closed; when the first switch K1 is open, the starting power supply 10 is discharged and charging of the starting power supply 10 is stopped.

[0076] In some embodiments, please refer again Figure 2 The aforementioned reverse protection module 21 may include a diode D1, the positive terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1, and the negative terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the first switch K1.

[0077] When the first switch K1 is open, diode D1 restricts the current direction to from the positive to the negative terminal. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can output a stable voltage through diode D1, while the output voltage of the generator 50 is blocked by diode D1. This allows charging of the starting power supply 10 to stop when it is fully charged. It is understood that diode D1 can be a high-power diode, which prevents excessive output current from damaging the diode D1 when the starting power supply 10 supplies power to the various loads 60.

[0078] By setting diode D1, when the first switch K1 is closed, the starting power supply 10 can output a stable voltage to the load 60 through diode D1, and the charging voltage output by the generator 50 cannot be output to the starting power supply 10 due to diode D1.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the main positive switch unit 20 may include a first field-effect transistor M1 and a second field-effect transistor M2. The first end of the first field-effect transistor M1 is connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply 10. The first end of the second field-effect transistor M2 may be connected to the first end of the generator 50 or the first end of the load 60. The second end of the second field-effect transistor M2 is connected to the second end of the first field-effect transistor M1.

[0080] The second field-effect transistor M2 is equipped with a parasitic diode. The positive terminal of the parasitic diode is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor M2, and the negative terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor M2. The parasitic diode can be placed within the field-effect transistor to allow the reverse current to flow freely when the field-effect transistor receives a reverse current, thus preventing the reverse current from breaking down the field-effect transistor. The parasitic diode may include a PN junction formed by P-type and N-type semiconductors, with a space charge layer formed on both sides of the interface and a built-in electric field. When there is no external voltage applied across the parasitic diode, the diffusion current caused by the carrier concentration difference across the PN junction is equal to the drift current caused by the built-in electric field, resulting in an electrical equilibrium state. In this embodiment, the parasitic diode can conduct when it receives the current output from the starting power supply 10, transferring the current output from the starting power supply 10 to the load 60 to power the load 60. The battery management module 40 can detect the voltage of the starting power supply 10. When the voltage is lower than the preset voltage threshold, the battery management module 40 can turn on the first field-effect transistor M1 and the second field-effect transistor M2. At this time, the generator 50 can charge the starting power supply 10, and the starting power supply 10 can output a stable voltage to supply power to the load 60.

[0081] By setting the first field-effect transistor M1 and the second field-effect transistor M2, when the voltage of the starting power supply 10 reaches the preset voltage threshold, the battery management module 40 can control the first field-effect transistor M1 to be turned on and the second field-effect transistor M2 to be turned off. At this time, the starting power supply 10 can output a stable voltage through the parasitic diodes of the first field-effect transistor M1 and the second field-effect transistor M2. The generator 50 cannot continue to charge the starting power supply 10 because the parasitic diode of the second field-effect transistor M2 restricts the current direction.

[0082] Understandably, the first field-effect transistor M1 can also be equipped with a parasitic diode. By controlling the first field-effect transistor M1 to be cut off and the second field-effect transistor M2 to be turned on, the main positive switching unit 20 can also disconnect the current in the second current direction. That is, at this time, the generator 50 can charge the starting power supply 10, but the stable voltage output by the starting power supply 10 cannot be output to the load 60 because the first field-effect transistor M1 is cut off and the parasitic diode of the first field-effect transistor M1 is reverse biased.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the above-mentioned charge and discharge control circuit may further include a main negative switch unit 30 and a heating module 70.

[0084] The first terminal of the main negative switch unit 30 is connected to the negative terminal of the starting power supply 10, and the second terminal of the main negative switch unit 30 can be connected to the second terminal of the generator 50 or the second terminal of the load 60. The first terminal of the heating module 70 is connected to the second terminal of the main positive switch unit 20, and the second terminal of the heating module 70 is connected to the first terminal of the main negative switch unit 30. The control terminal of the heating module 70 is connected to the battery management module 40. The heating module 70 can heat the starting power supply 10. The main negative switch unit 30 may include a second switch K2.

[0085] The first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be relays. The battery management module 40 can control the heating module 70 to turn on or off. When the heating module 70 is on, it can heat the starting power supply 10, raising the battery temperature of the starting power supply 10. When the heating module 70 is off, it can stop heating the starting power supply 10. Since the two ends of the heating module 70 are respectively connected to the second end of the main positive switch unit 20 and the first end of the main negative switch unit 30, when the main positive switch unit 20 disconnects the current in the first current direction, the generator 50, the heating module 70, and the main negative switch unit 30 can form a current loop, allowing the generator 50 to supply power to the heating module 70. That is, when the battery management module 40 controls the main positive switch unit 20 to disconnect the current in the first current direction, the generator 50 can also supply power to the heating module 70, allowing the heating module 70 to heat the starting power supply 10.

[0086] It should be noted that when the cell temperature of the starter power supply 10 is low, its allowable charging current is small, while the output current of the generator 50 is typically large, for example, exceeding 40A at idle. Charging the starter power supply 10 at this temperature could damage it. Therefore, the starter power supply 10 needs to be heated to raise its cell temperature, allowing its allowable charging current to reach the output current of the generator 50. During the heating process, because the generator 50's output current is large, the battery management module 40 needs to set the main positive switch unit 20 to disconnect the current in the first current direction to block the generator 50 from charging the starter power supply 10. Only when the battery temperature of the starter power supply 10 reaches a level sufficient for charging will the battery management module 40 set the current direction of the main positive switch unit 20 to bidirectional to charge the starter power supply 10.

[0087] By setting up the main and negative switch unit 30 and the heating module 70, when the temperature of the starting power supply 10 is too low to charge, the generator 50 can supply power to the heating module 70, so that the heating module 70 heats the starting power supply 10 and raises the temperature of the starting power supply 10 to a charging temperature range.

[0088] In some embodiments, please refer again Figure 4 The heating module 70 may include a heating device 71 and a heating switch K3. The control terminal of the heating switch K3 is connected to the battery management module 40, which can control the on / off state of the heating switch K3. The first terminal of the heating device 71 is connected to the second terminal of the main positive switch unit 20 via the heating switch K3, and the second terminal of the heating device 71 is connected to the first terminal of the main negative switch unit 30. The heating device 71 may be disposed on the surface of the starting power supply 10 and heats the starting power supply 10 when energized.

[0089] The heating device can be energized when the heating switch K3 is turned on and receive the output voltage from the generator 50. In the energized state, the heating device can heat the starting power supply 10 to raise its temperature. For example, the heating device can be an electrothermal film disposed on the surface of the starting power supply 10, which can be a metal electrothermal film, an inorganic electrothermal film, or a polymer electrothermal film, etc.

[0090] The metal electrothermal film is formed by attaching a conductive metal material to an insulating material using film-forming techniques such as vapor phase growth. Another layer of insulating material is then applied to the surface of the metal layer, tightly encapsulating it to form a thin, conductive film. When electricity is applied to the metal electrothermal film, the internal resistance of the metal heats up, creating an electrothermal effect that heats the starting power supply 10.

[0091] Inorganic electrothermal film refers to a conductive film formed by mixing conductive materials with flame retardants, film-forming agents, and other auxiliary materials, and then coating it onto an insulating substrate. The conductive materials can be inorganic, such as graphite, SiC, SiO2, conductive ink, carbon fiber, and other conductive silicates. When a certain voltage is applied to both ends of the inorganic electrothermal film, the conductive material can convert electrical energy into heat energy, thereby heating the starting power supply 10.

[0092] It should be noted that some inorganic conductive materials are brittle at room temperature, such as SiO2. Electrothermal films using such materials need to be coated on a rigid substrate and used as plate-shaped materials. Other inorganic conductive materials, on the other hand, are flexible, such as conductive inks and carbon fibers.

[0093] Polymer electrothermal films are made by adding conductive particles to organic materials, processing them into thin film materials, and then encapsulating them; or by coating conductive materials onto an insulating substrate to form an organic conductive film, which is then encapsulated with a polymer insulating material. Polymer electrothermal films can include silicone electrothermal films, polyimide electrothermal films, epoxy board electrothermal films, etc.

[0094] By setting up the heating switch K3 and the heating device 71, the battery management module 40 can control the heating switch K3 to be turned on, so that the heating device 71 is powered on and heats the starting power supply 10, thereby increasing the cell temperature of the starting power supply 10, so that the starting power supply 10 can receive the output current of the generator 50 for charging.

[0095] It is understandable that the third switch K3 can be a field-effect transistor. The third switch K3 can also be set inside the battery management module 40, that is, one end of the heating device is connected to the first end of the main negative switch unit 30 through the battery management module 40.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the above-mentioned charge and discharge control circuit may further include a temperature sensing unit 80, which may be located inside the starting power supply 10 and electrically connected to the battery management module 40.

[0097] The temperature sensing unit 80 can detect the temperature of the battery cells inside the starting power supply 10 and generate a corresponding temperature signal based on the battery cell temperature. For example, the temperature sensing unit 80 can be an NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor. By using the NTC thermistor installed inside the starting power supply 10, the battery management module 40 can detect the voltage change across the NTC thermistor to determine the real-time resistance value of the NTC thermistor and determine the real-time battery cell temperature inside the starting power supply 10 based on the real-time resistance value. Similarly, the temperature sensing unit 80 can also be a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor or other temperature sensing elements.

[0098] By setting up a temperature sensing unit 80, the battery management module 40 can receive the temperature signal sent by the temperature sensing unit 80 and determine the cell temperature of the starting power supply 10 based on the temperature signal. When the cell temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold, the battery management module 40 can turn on the heating module 70 to raise the cell temperature by heating the starting power supply 10. During the heating process, the battery management module 40 can also monitor the cell temperature in real time and turn off the heating module 70 to stop heating when the cell temperature is higher than a second temperature threshold.

[0099] Please refer to this again. Figure 4 In some embodiments, the above-mentioned charge and discharge control circuit may also include an overcurrent protection module Fuse and a sampling module Shunt connected in series.

[0100] The overcurrent protection module, Fuse, can be a fuse connected in series in the current loop of the starting power supply 10. The fuse can blow when the current is too high, thus breaking the current loop it is in. The sampling module, Shunt, can be a shunt resistor set in the current loop of the starting power supply 10. The current in the current loop of the shunt resistor can be determined by detecting the voltage across the shunt resistor.

[0101] By setting up an overcurrent protection module (Fuse), the charging and discharging control circuit can be cut off when the current is too high, thus preventing damage to various components in the circuit due to overcurrent. A sampling module (Shunt) can be electrically connected to the battery management module 40, allowing the battery management module 40 to sample the loop current by receiving the sampling signal sent by the Shunt module.

[0102] This application also provides a charge / discharge control method, applied to the battery management module of the charge / discharge control circuit in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the charge / discharge control method includes:

[0103] S510, when the vehicle's alternator is detected to be running, turns on the main positive switch unit;

[0104] S520, when it detects that the voltage of the starting power supply has reached a preset voltage threshold, controls the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction.

[0105] In this embodiment, by setting a main positive switch unit, the battery management module can set the current direction of the main positive switch unit according to the voltage of the starting power supply when the generator starts. When the voltage of the starting power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit can be set to conduct. At this time, the main positive switch unit does not disconnect the current in the first current direction, allowing the generator to charge the starting power supply, and the starting power supply to supply power to the load, thereby enabling the starting power supply to charge and discharge. When the voltage of the starting power supply reaches the preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit can be controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that when the starting power supply is outputting a stable voltage, the charging circuit formed with the generator is disconnected, thereby stopping the charging of the starting power supply. When the voltage of the starting power supply is high, by blocking the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply, overcharging of the starting power supply can be avoided, and the power supply circuit between the starting power supply and the vehicle load can be kept normal. The starting power supply can output a stable filtered voltage to other loads of the vehicle, thereby avoiding malfunctions or accidents caused by abnormal fluctuations in the vehicle's power supply.

[0106] In the S510, the battery management module can connect to the vehicle bus and communicate with the entire vehicle. When the battery management module detects that the alternator is running, it can activate the main positive switch unit. At this time, the alternator can charge the starting power supply, and the starting power supply can also output a stable voltage to power other loads in the vehicle.

[0107] In the S520, the battery management module can monitor the voltage of the starter power supply in real time. When the voltage of the starter power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold, the current direction of the main positive switch unit can be set to remain bidirectional. When the battery management module detects that the voltage of the starter power supply has reached the preset voltage threshold, it indicates that the starter power supply is fully charged. Continuing to charge the starter power supply would lead to overcharging. At this time, the battery management module can control the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction. The starter power supply can still continue to output a stable voltage to power the load, while the charging voltage output by the generator is blocked by the main positive switch unit and cannot continue to charge the starter power supply. This avoids overcharging of the starter power supply and also ensures that the starter power supply outputs a stable filtered voltage to other loads in the vehicle, thus preventing abnormal fluctuations in the vehicle's power supply that could cause malfunctions or accidents.

[0108] As an optional embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 Before step S520, the following may also be included:

[0109] S610, obtains the cell temperature of the starting power supply;

[0110] S620: When the cell temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heating module is turned on and the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction.

[0111] S630, when the cell temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, shuts off the heating module and controls the main positive switching unit to restore and maintain the current in the first current direction.

[0112] In this embodiment, the battery management module can control the heating module based on the cell temperature of the starting power supply. When the cell temperature is below a first temperature threshold, the heating module can be turned on, and the generator can be stopped from charging the starting power supply. When the cell temperature is above a second temperature threshold, the heating module can be turned off, and the generator can be started charging the starting power supply.

[0113] In the S610, the battery management module can also monitor the cell temperature of the starter power supply in real time. For example, the battery management module can connect to a temperature sensing unit located within the starter power supply and determine the cell temperature of the starter power supply by receiving temperature signals sent by the temperature sensing unit.

[0114] In S620, when the cell temperature of the starting power supply is lower than a preset first temperature threshold, it indicates that the starting power supply is under low-temperature conditions, allowing a smaller charging current. However, the generator's output current is higher than this allowable charging current range. If the generator charges the starting power supply, it will damage the starting power supply. At this time, the battery management module can control the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction, thus disconnecting the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply. The power supply circuits between the starting power supply and each load continue to operate normally. The battery management module can also control the heating module to turn on, heating the starting power supply and increasing the cell temperature to improve the allowable charging current range.

[0115] In S630, when the battery management module detects that the cell temperature of the starting power supply is higher than the second temperature threshold, the allowable range of the charging current of the starting power supply also increases due to the increased cell temperature. When the cell temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, it can be determined that the output current of the generator is within the allowable range of the charging current of the starting power supply. At this time, the heating module can be controlled to turn off to stop heating, and the main positive switch unit can be controlled to restore and maintain the current in the first current direction, so that the charging circuit between the generator and the starting power supply is reconnected. The generator can output a charging voltage through the main positive switch unit to charge the starting power supply.

[0116] Understandably, to prevent the heating module from frequently turning on and off when the battery cell temperature of the starting power supply changes, a first temperature threshold can be set lower than a second temperature threshold. This allows the heating module to continue heating the starting power supply's battery cell to the first temperature threshold, and then continue heating to the second temperature threshold before stopping, thus preventing the heating module from frequently starting due to the battery cell temperature rapidly dropping below the first temperature threshold. For example, the first temperature threshold can be set to 5°C, and the second temperature threshold can be set to 8°C.

[0117] As an optional embodiment, the battery management module can also detect the battery status of the starter power supply. When a fault is detected in the starter power supply, the battery management module can also set the current direction of the main positive switch unit to the first terminal to the second terminal of the main positive switch unit to stop charging the starter power supply and send the fault information to the vehicle control system.

[0118] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the charge / discharge control device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0119] The charge / discharge control device may include a processor 701 and a memory 702 storing computer program instructions.

[0120] Specifically, the processor 701 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0121] Memory 702 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 702 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 702 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 702 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 702 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0122] Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the methods according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0123] The processor 701 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 702 to implement any of the charging and discharging control methods in the above embodiments.

[0124] In one example, the charge / discharge control device may further include a communication interface 703 and a bus 710. Wherein, as... Figure 7 As shown, the processor 701, memory 702, and communication interface 703 are connected through bus 710 and complete communication with each other.

[0125] The communication interface 703 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0126] Bus 710 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of the charge / discharge control device together. For example, and not limited to, the bus may include Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics buses, Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) buses, Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport...

[0127] (HT) interconnect, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, memory bus, Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 710 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, this application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0128] This charge / discharge control device can be based on the aforementioned battery power supply system, thereby achieving integration. Figures 5 to 6 The described charging and discharging control method.

[0129] Furthermore, in conjunction with the charge / discharge control methods in the above embodiments, this application embodiment can provide a computer storage medium for implementation. This computer storage medium stores computer program instructions; when these computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement any one of the charge / discharge control methods in the above embodiments.

[0130] The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0131] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0132] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, and the existence of an infinite number of specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of this application to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging control circuit, characterized in that, For use in automobiles, the circuit includes: Start the power supply; A main positive switch unit, wherein a first terminal of the main positive switch unit is connected to the starting power supply, a second terminal of the main positive switch unit is connected to the vehicle's alternator, and a third terminal of the main positive switch unit is connected to the vehicle's load; the main positive switch unit is used to disconnect current in a first current direction; the first current direction is the current direction of the charging circuit when the alternator is charging the starting power supply; A battery management module is connected to the control terminal of the main positive switch unit and to the starting power supply. The battery management module is used to detect the voltage of the starting power supply. When the voltage of the starting power supply reaches a preset voltage threshold, the battery management module controls the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction, so that the generator stops charging the starting power supply. The main negative switch unit has a first terminal connected to the negative terminal of the starting power supply, and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of the generator and the second terminal of the load. A heating module, wherein a first end of the heating module is connected to a second end of the main positive switch unit, a second end of the heating module is connected to a first end of the main negative switch unit, and a control end of the heating module is connected to the battery management module, and the heating module is used to heat the starting power supply; The heating module includes: A heating switch, the control terminal of which is connected to the battery management module; A heating device is provided, wherein the first end of the heating device is connected to the second end of the main positive switch unit via the heating switch, and the second end of the heating device is connected to the first end of the main negative switch unit. The heating device is disposed on the surface of the starting power supply and is used to heat the starting power supply.

2. The charging and discharging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main positive switch unit includes: A first switch, the first end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply, and the second end of which is connected to the first terminal of the generator and the first terminal of the load; A reverse protection module is connected in parallel with the first switch. The reverse protection module is used to maintain the current in a second current direction when the first switch is open. The second current direction is the current direction of the power supply circuit when the starting power supply supplies power to the load. The battery management module is configured to turn on the first switch to charge and discharge the starting power supply when the voltage of the starting power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold; and to turn off the first switch to discharge the starting power supply and stop charging the starting power supply when the voltage of the starting power supply reaches the preset voltage threshold.

3. The charging and discharging control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reverse protection module includes: A diode, wherein the positive terminal of the diode is connected to the first terminal of the first switch, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the first switch.

4. The charging and discharging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main positive switch unit includes: The first field-effect transistor, the first terminal of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the starting power supply; The second field-effect transistor has its first end connected to the first end of the generator and the first end of the load, and its second end connected to the second end of the first field-effect transistor. The second field-effect transistor is provided with a parasitic diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the second field-effect transistor, and the negative terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the second field-effect transistor; The battery management module is used to turn on the first field-effect transistor and the second field-effect transistor when the voltage of the starting power supply is lower than a preset voltage threshold; and to turn on the first field-effect transistor and turn off the second field-effect transistor when the voltage of the starting power supply reaches the preset voltage threshold.

5. The charge / discharge control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge / discharge control circuit further includes: A temperature sensing unit is disposed inside the starting power supply and is electrically connected to the battery management module. The temperature sensing unit is used to generate a corresponding temperature signal based on the cell temperature of the starting power supply. The battery management module is used to determine the cell temperature of the starting power supply based on the temperature signal sent by the temperature sensing unit, and to turn on the heating module when the cell temperature is lower than a first temperature threshold, and to turn off the heating module when the cell temperature is higher than a second temperature threshold.

6. A charging and discharging control method, characterized in that, The method, applied to the charge / discharge control circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, comprises: When the generator of the vehicle is detected to be running, the main positive switch unit is turned on; If the voltage of the starting power supply is detected to reach the preset voltage threshold, the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction.

7. The charging and discharging control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before controlling the main positive switch unit to disconnect the current in the first current direction when the voltage of the starting power supply is detected to reach a preset voltage threshold, the method further includes: Obtain the cell temperature of the starting power supply; When the cell temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heating module is turned on and the main positive switch unit is controlled to disconnect the current in the first current direction; If the cell temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the heating module is turned off, and the main positive switch unit is controlled to restore and maintain the current in the first current direction.

8. A charging and discharging control device, characterized in that, The charging and discharging control device includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the charge / discharge control method as described in claim 6 or 7.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the charging and discharging control method as described in claim 6 or 7.

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