A multiphase fluid separation device

Abstract

A multiphase fluid separation device includes a multiphase fluid container. Inside the multiphase fluid container, there is at least one stage of baffle plates. At least one set of gas demisters is connected and arranged on the baffle plates. The bottom inside the multiphase fluid container is a multiphase fluid area, the lower part of the baffle plates forms a multiphase fluid main separation area, the area between the baffle plates and the gas demisters forms a liquid phase area, and the upper part of the gas demisters forms a gas phase area. The local swirl of the multiphase fluid enables the gas entraining a small amount of liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder to enter the gas demisters. After the gas demisters capture the liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder, the gas-liquid / solid achieves a complete separation effect. The water content in the gas phase of the multiphase fluid separated by this device is extremely low, and at the same time, the gas content rate in the liquid phase is also very low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fluid separation devices or equipment, and particularly relates to a multiphase fluid separation device. Background Art

[0002] Multiphase fluid separation devices are commonly used process equipment in industrial production such as oil and gas development, petrochemical industry, geothermal utilization, thermal power and nuclear power generation. The working efficiency of the separation device is greatly related to the flow state in the incoming pipeline and the size distribution of the dispersed phase particles, i.e., droplets or bubbles. When the flow velocity in the incoming pipeline is high, especially when throttle elements such as valves and elbows are installed not far upstream of the separation device inlet, under the action of strong flow shear force, the dispersed phase of the multiphase fluid will be decomposed into very small particles, making the complete separation of gas (vapor) and liquid difficult.

[0003] Existing separation devices include a vortex separation container provided with a vertical vortex tube, and a multiphase fluid mixture is injected into the vertical vortex tube through a tangential inlet pipe. The tangential injection causes the fluid mixture to form a vortex in the vortex tube, so that the centrifugal force causes vortex separation between the liquid part and the gas part. The liquid part forms a liquid film on the inner surface of the vortex tube, and the gas part is concentrated on or near the central axis of the vortex tube. In this known separation device, the gas part is discharged through a central gas outlet, which passes through the top of the separation container on or near the central axis, and the liquid part is discharged through one or more liquid outlets, which are located near the bottom of the separation container.

[0004] In the separator known from WO03 / 055575, the liquid part is concentrated in a liquid separation tank located at the bottom of the container, and heavy and lighter liquid parts such as water and oil or condensate are separated by gravity separation and discharged through separate liquid outlet pipes for further separation. In the separator, low- and high-density liquid parts are separated in a gravity separation tank located at the bottom of the vortex tube and discharged through separate low- and high-density liquid outlets, but this requires manufacturing large, complex, bulky and expensive equipment components, especially if it is constructed as a high-pressure container.

[0005] The invention patent with the publication number CN200580008828.0 and the invention title of "Method and Separator for Vortex Separation of Fluid Mixtures" does not require a bulky gravity separation container at the bottom of the vortex tube and does not generate alternating high- and low-density liquid masses. However, in this device, the multiphase fluid mixture is introduced from top to bottom, and the injection fluid is guided downward along the inner surface of the tubular middle part to form a vortex, so that the gas and liquid parts are separated by vortex separation. The heavy liquid part forms a liquid film flowing along the inner surface, and the light gas part is concentrated near the central axis. The device has a complex and bulky structure and relies on gravity for gas-liquid separation. A large amount of liquid droplets or bubbles are entrained at the gas phase or liquid phase outlet of the separation device, making it difficult to completely separate the gas (vapor) and liquid, and greatly reducing the efficiency of the separation device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a multiphase fluid separation device with reasonable design, simple structure, good gas-liquid separation effect and high separation efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problem is: a multiphase fluid separation device, including a multiphase fluid container, at least one stage of baffle plates are arranged inside the multiphase fluid container, at least one group of gas demisters are connected and arranged on the baffle plates, the bottom inside the multiphase fluid container is a multiphase fluid area, a multiphase fluid main separation area is formed below the baffle plates, a liquid phase area is formed between the baffle plates and the gas demisters, and a gas phase area is formed above the gas demisters.

[0008] The baffle plate of the present invention is a baffle that forms a cross-flow of the multiphase fluid mixture in the axial and radial directions of the multiphase fluid container, and adjacent baffle plates are arranged staggeredly to form a gap for the fluid to pass through.

[0009] The baffle plate of the present invention is composed of a combination of one or more baffle plates with a cross-sectional shape of "one" shape, "U" shape, "T" shape, "L" shape, "C" shape, "S" shape, "I" shape.

[0010] The gas demister of the present invention is any one or a combination of two of a gas guide tube or a reduced-diameter sleeve; wherein, the tube wall and the top surface of the gas guide tube or the reduced-diameter sleeve above the liquid level have gas guide holes, and one or more layers of wire meshes are installed inside; or the tube wall and the top surface of the gas guide tube or the reduced-diameter sleeve above the liquid level are installed with any one or a combination of Johnson metal film, sintered metal powder film, sintered intermetallic compound powder film.

[0011] The wire mesh of the present invention is a metal wire mesh or a plastic wire mesh.

[0012] The gas guide tube of the present invention is a straight-through conduit or a variable-diameter conduit.

[0013] The gas outlet of the gas demister of the present invention is higher than the liquid level height of the liquid phase region.

[0014] Since the present invention adopts at least one stage of baffle plates arranged staggeredly inside the multiphase fluid container, and an aerosol separator is communicatively arranged on each stage of baffle plate. The multistage baffle plates cause the multiphase fluid mixture to form a baffle flow in the axial and radial directions of the container, thereby forming a multiphase fluid main separation region, promoting the fluid to form a swirl. The local swirl of the multiphase fluid enables the gas entraining a small amount of liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder to enter the gas demister. After the gas demister captures the liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder, the gas-liquid / solid achieves a complete separation effect. The gas enters the gas phase region at the upper part of the container. A large amount of solids return to the bottom of the multiphase fluid region due to their own gravity during the swirling process and can be led out from the bottom of the multiphase fluid container. The liquid is located in the liquid phase region. The water content in the gas phase of the multiphase fluid separated by this device is extremely low, and at the same time, the gas content rate in the liquid phase is also very low. Moreover, the multiphase fluid of this device is introduced into the container from bottom to top. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0015] First, its structure is simple, and the separation efficiency is much higher than that of the prior art solutions, especially suitable for multiphase fluid systems in which the gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase respectively form bubbles, droplets, and powders with a size below the micron level.

[0016] Second, the essence of the present invention is to utilize the properties of multiphase fluid such as density, viscosity, and interfacial tension, and achieve the separation of multiphase fluid through the swirl, cross-flow, and shear between the fluid and static equipment, without other moving equipment. And only with the pressure difference of the fluid itself, high-efficiency separation is achieved.

[0017] Third, the technical solution of the present invention is designed flexibly and variably, and can achieve efficient and variable applications for different multiphase flow systems and different industrial application scenarios. It can be directly grafted into multiphase reactors and biochemical systems, and can also be directly applied to the pipeline outlets such as aeration and pressure change systems. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Multiphase fluid container; 2. Baffle plate; 3. Aerosol separator; 4. Multiphase fluid region; 5. Multiphase fluid main separation region; 6. Liquid phase region; 7. Gas phase region. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0023] In Figure 1 , 2 , a multiphase fluid separation device according to the present invention includes a multiphase fluid container 1. The multiphase fluid container 1 is a cylindrical shell. The multiphase fluid enters from the bottom of the container to form a multiphase fluid zone 4. The mixed fluid in the multiphase fluid zone 4 flows upward under the action of pressure and encounters one or more stages of baffle plates 2 arranged inside the multiphase fluid container 1. The adjacent baffle plates 2 are staggered to form gaps for the fluid to pass through. The distance between the baffle plate 2 and the inner wall of the multiphase fluid container 1 and the distance between adjacent baffle plates 2 are determined by the type of multiphase fluid to be separated. Further, the baffle plate 2 is composed of one or a combination of cross-sectional shapes such as "one" shape, "U" shape, "T" shape, "L" shape, "C" shape, "S" shape, and "I" shape. The baffle plate 2 forms a cross-flow of the multiphase fluid mixture in the axial and radial directions of the container, thereby forming a multiphase fluid main separation zone 5, promoting the fluid to form a swirl. The local swirl of the multiphase fluid enables the gas entraining a small amount of liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder to enter the gas demister 3 arranged above the baffle plate 2 and communicated with the baffle plate 2. Further, the gas demister 3 is any one or a combination of two of a gas guide pipe or a reduced-diameter sleeve; wherein, the pipe wall and the top surface above the liquid level of the gas guide pipe or the reduced-diameter sleeve have gas guide holes, and are internally provided with one or more layers of wire meshes; or the pipe wall and the top surface above the liquid level of the gas guide pipe or the reduced-diameter sleeve are provided with any one or a combination of Johnson metal membranes, sintered metal powder membranes, and sintered intermetallic compound powder membranes. The separated gas enters the gas phase zone 7 through the gas guide holes.

[0024] A large amount of liquid overflows from the multiphase fluid main separation zone 5 and reaches the liquid phase zone 6 along the baffle plate 2. The liquid in the liquid phase zone 6 can be led out from the side wall or the upper part of the multiphase fluid container 1. A large amount of solids return to the bottom of the multiphase fluid zone 4 under the action of their own gravity during the swirling process and can be led out from the bottom of the multiphase fluid container 1. The gas demister 3 is a device capable of capturing entrained liquid droplets and / or solid fine powder. The gas passes through the gas demister 3 to the gas phase zone 7 and can be led out from the top or the side wall of the multiphase fluid container 1. Among them, the gas outlet of the gas demister 3 is higher than the liquid level of the liquid phase zone 6 to ensure that the gas exiting from the gas demister 3 smoothly enters the gas phase zone 7. The captured liquid and solid fine powder are returned to the multiphase fluid main separation zone 5 or the multiphase fluid zone 4.

[0025] Preferably, in this embodiment, two - stage baffle plates 2 are arranged in the multiphase fluid container 1. The first - stage baffle plate 2 is composed of an annular structure formed by symmetrically arranging 2 groups of "T" - shaped baffle plates on both sides of a baffle plate with a "U" - shaped cross - section. The second - stage baffle plate 2 is composed of an annular structure formed by baffle plates with an "L" - shaped cross - section that are centrosymmetric about the center of the multiphase fluid container 1. The long - arm end of the "L" - shaped baffle plate is arranged on the side wall of the multiphase fluid container 1, and the short - arm end is misaligned and inserted into one end of the "T" - shaped baffle plate, forming a swirling channel therebetween, enabling the liquid to enter the liquid - phase region 6. A number of groups of gas demisters 3 are evenly distributed within a 360° phase on the first - stage baffle plate 2, and a number of groups of gas demisters 3 are evenly distributed within a 360° phase on the second - stage baffle plate 2. The gas demisters 3 on the first - stage baffle plate 2 and the gas demisters 3 on the second - stage baffle plate 2 are arranged in a staggered manner. Through the two - stage gas demisters 3, the gas in the multiphase fluid can enter the gas - phase region more fully, achieving a better separation effect. The diversion pipe in this embodiment is a straight - through conduit. A multi - layer wire mesh is arranged inside the diversion pipe, and any one or a combination of a Johnson metal membrane, a sintered metal powder membrane, and a sintered intermetallic compound powder membrane is arranged at the top of the diversion pipe, enabling the gas to pass through the gas demister 3 smoothly. The liquid droplets and / or solid fine powders entrained in the gas are trapped and return to the main separation region 5 of the multiphase fluid or the multiphase fluid region 4 under their own gravity.

[0026] This device can be used for gas - liquid two - phase separation, gas - solid two - phase separation, gas - liquid - solid three - phase separation, and liquid - solid two - phase separation, and is particularly suitable for systems in which gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase respectively form bubbles, droplets, and powders with a size below the micron level. In practice, this device is used to separate a multiphase fluid composed of a 3 - 5% polyethylene glycol 6000 aqueous solution and nitrogen. Among them, the Sauter mean diameter of the nitrogen bubbles is 150 - 240 microns, and the gas - liquid volume ratio is 10. After the above - mentioned multiphase fluid is separated by the present invention, the water content in the outlet gas phase is less than 2%, and the gas content in the liquid phase is less than 0.1%. Example 2

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, two-stage baffle plates 2 are arranged in the multiphase fluid container 1. The first-stage baffle plate 2 is composed of a ring structure formed by symmetrically arranging 2 groups of "T"-shaped baffle plates on both sides of a baffle plate with a "U"-shaped cross-section. A number of groups of primary gas demisters 3 are evenly distributed within the 360° phase of the first-stage baffle plate 2. The primary gas demisters 3 are located inside the secondary gas demisters 3. Further, the diversion pipe of the primary gas demister 3 is a straight-through conduit. Multiple layers of wire meshes are arranged inside the diversion pipe, and any one or a combination of a Johnson metal film, a sintered metal powder film, and a sintered intermetallic compound powder film is arranged at the top of the diversion pipe, enabling the gas to pass through the gas demister 3 smoothly. The liquid droplets and / or solid fine powders entrained in the gas are trapped and return to the multiphase fluid main separation zone 5 or the multiphase fluid zone 4 under the action of their own gravity. The second-stage baffle plate 2 is composed of a ring structure formed by baffle plates with an "I"-shaped cross-section that are centrosymmetric about the center of the multiphase fluid container 1. One end of the "I"-shaped baffle plate is arranged on the inner wall of the multiphase fluid container 1, and the other end is connected to the lower end of a reduced-orifice sleeve. The upper end of the reduced-orifice sleeve is connected to one end of the "I"-shaped baffle plate. The "I"-shaped baffle plate and the reduced-orifice sleeve form a secondary gas demister 3 with a conical channel. Multiple layers of wire meshes are arranged inside the secondary gas demister 3. The liquid droplets and / or solid fine powders entrained in the gas swirl into the conical channel. Since fluid separation holes are processed on the pipe wall of the reduced-orifice sleeve, the gas enters the gas phase zone 7 through the fluid separation holes, and the liquid droplets and / or solid fine powders are trapped and return to the multiphase fluid main separation zone 5 or the multiphase fluid zone 4 under the action of their own gravity.

Claims

1. A multiphase fluid separation device, characterized in that: It includes a multiphase fluid container (1). Inside the multiphase fluid container (1), there is at least one stage of baffle plates (2). At least one set of gas demisters (3) is connected and arranged on the baffle plates (2). The bottom inside the multiphase fluid container (1) is a multiphase fluid zone (4), the lower part of the baffle plates (2) forms a multiphase fluid main separation zone (5), the area between the baffle plates (2) and the gas demisters (3) forms a liquid phase zone (6), and the upper part of the gas demisters (3) forms a gas phase zone (7). The gas demister (3) is any one or a combination of two of a gas diversion pipe or a reduced-diameter sleeve. Among them, the pipe wall and the top surface of the part above the liquid level of the gas diversion pipe or the reduced-diameter sleeve have gas diversion holes, and one or more layers of wire meshes are installed inside; or the pipe wall and the top surface of the part above the liquid level of the gas diversion pipe or the reduced-diameter sleeve are installed with any one or a combination of multiple of Johnson metal film, sintered metal powder film, and sintered intermetallic compound powder film.

2. The multiphase fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate (2) is a baffle that forms a baffle flow for the multiphase fluid mixture in the axial and radial directions of the multiphase fluid container (1). Adjacent baffle plates (2) are arranged staggeredly to form a gap through which the fluid can pass.

3. The multiphase fluid separation device according to claim 2, wherein: The baffle plate (2) is composed of a combination of one or more baffle plates with a cross-sectional shape of "one" shape, "U" shape, "T" shape, "L" shape, "C" shape, "S" shape, or "I" shape.

4. A multiphase fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire mesh is a metal wire mesh or a plastic wire mesh.

5. A multiphase fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas diversion pipe is a straight-through conduit or a variable-diameter conduit.

6. A multiphase fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet of the gas demister (3) is higher than the liquid level height of the liquid phase zone (6).

Images