High efficiency lapping device and method for crusher friction disc

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency grinding device and method of crusher friction disc part, belong to crusher friction disc processing technical field, it includes base, locating plate, support frame, transmission mechanism, pressure regulating mechanism, ball hinge structure, universal coupling and tool bar;Positioning plate is fixedly arranged in base, crusher friction disc part is set on locating plate, support frame is set on the top of base, transmission mechanism is set on support frame, the lower part of tool bar is connected with transmission mechanism upper portion through universal coupling, tool bar is connected with machine tool spindle;Transmission mechanism lower portion is connected with crusher friction disc part through ball hinge structure.The application simulates the actual working condition of upper, middle and lower friction disc on crusher friction disc part, automatically carries out the three-way lapping and polishing grinding, effectively guarantees the roughness of friction disc and the contact rate between each other, solves the problem of difficult lapping and low contact rate of crusher friction disc part in heavy machinery manufacturing field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crusher friction disc processing, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency grinding device and method for a crusher friction disc. Background Art

[0002] In the crusher product, the friction disc part consists of three friction discs: the upper friction disc, the middle friction disc and the lower friction disc. Among them, the upper friction disc is fixed on the lower end of the crusher main shaft; the lower friction disc is fixed on the piston of the oil cylinder; the middle friction disc is the transition piece between the upper and lower friction discs, with a concave spherical structure on the top and a flat structure on the bottom. It is located between the upper and lower friction discs. The structure is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, when the three friction discs are operating, the lower friction disc is stationary, while the upper friction disc revolves around the center axis of the crusher frame along with the main shaft and rotates continuously with the main shaft. To ensure operational stability, the contact ratio between the three friction discs must be very high during operation.

[0003] For this reason, before the product leaves the factory, the friction disc is generally ground using a more common grinding method: the upper friction disc is placed on the middle friction disc coated with red lead powder, and the upper friction disc is repeatedly ground manually. Then, by observing the distribution of the red lead powder, the concave spherical surface of the middle friction disc is manually ground to achieve a high contact rate between the two contact surfaces. A similar method is also used for manual grinding between the middle friction disc and the lower friction disc. This method can effectively improve the contact rate of the contact surfaces between the workpieces, but it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, requires repeated grinding, and has low work efficiency. In addition, the spherical contact area is multi-point contact, not curved surface contact. When used on site, the upper friction disc on the crusher main shaft is installed with a certain deflection angle (the angle can be changed). After the angle is changed, the spherical contact is inconsistent with the contact area manually polished in the factory, which is more likely to cause a low spherical contact rate, causing the "burned tile" phenomenon, resulting in equipment downtime and production suspension, and huge losses to the production line.

[0004] In large crusher products, the diameter of the friction disc is mostly above φ500mm. Although traditional machining methods can achieve a good roughness, it cannot guarantee that the contact rate between the three friction discs reaches more than 80% of the design requirement. In addition, due to the angular deviation between the three friction discs of the friction disc part when the crusher is working, even if the roughness of a single part is good, after assembly, the contact rate of the contact surface will not meet the design requirements due to the difference in spherical form and position tolerance and size. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies in the prior art and provides an efficient grinding device and method for the friction disc of a crusher. The device and method can simulate the actual working conditions of the upper, middle and lower friction discs of the friction disc of the crusher, automatically perform grinding and polishing of the three, effectively ensuring the roughness of the friction discs and the contact rate between them, and solving the problems of difficult grinding and low contact rate of the friction discs of crushers in the field of heavy machinery manufacturing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-efficiency grinding device for the friction disc of a crusher, comprising a base, a positioning plate, a support frame, a transmission mechanism, a pressure regulating mechanism, a ball joint structure, a universal coupling and a cutter bar; the positioning plate is fixedly arranged in the base, the friction disc of the crusher is arranged on the positioning plate, the support frame is arranged above the base, the transmission mechanism is arranged on the support frame, the upper part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the lower part of the cutter bar through the universal coupling, and the cutter bar is connected to the machine tool spindle; the lower part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the friction disc of the crusher through the ball joint structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes an internal gear, a gear shaft and a cylindrical roller thrust bearing, the internal gear is arranged at the lower part of the support frame, the lower end of the gear shaft is engaged with the internal gear, the cylindrical roller thrust bearing is arranged at the upper end of the gear shaft, the cylindrical roller thrust bearing is embedded in the inside of the support frame, and the top end of the gear shaft is connected to the universal joint.

[0008] Furthermore, the ball joint structure includes a ball joint and a positioning sleeve. The upper end of the ball joint has a flange, which is connected to the gear shaft by bolts. The convex spherical surface of the lower end of the ball joint cooperates with the concave spherical surface of the positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve is connected to the upper friction disk of the crusher friction disk part.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure regulating mechanism includes a pad block group arranged on the upper side of the base, a multi-layer thin gasket arranged on the pad block group, and a rubber pad arranged between the positioning plate and the lower friction disk of the crusher friction disk part.

[0010] Furthermore, a cylindrical pin is provided on the positioning plate, and the upper end of the cylindrical pin passes through the rubber pad and is inserted into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the pad block group, thin gasket and the support frame are connected by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, an oil drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the base.

[0013] A high-efficiency grinding method for a crusher friction disc comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: Place a rubber pad on the positioning plate inside the base, then place the crusher friction disc on the rubber pad, and insert the cylindrical pin into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction disc;

[0015] S2: Inject lubricating oil into the base so that the oil level is higher than the upper surface of the upper friction plate;

[0016] S3: Place a certain number of thin shims on the block group, place the support frame and transmission mechanism on the crusher friction disc, connect the positioning sleeve to the upper friction disc, and then connect the support frame, thin shims and block group with bolts;

[0017] S4: The machine tool spindle drives the tool rod to rotate, causing the upper friction plate and the middle friction plate to rotate, and automatically grind the contact surfaces of the upper, middle and lower friction plates. During the grinding process, the thin gasket is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the height difference between the support frame and the base, increasing the compression amount, and gradually increasing the grinding pressure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention utilizes a highly efficient grinding device with both autorotation and revolution capabilities, supplemented by the power unit of an existing machine tool. This device simulates the actual operating conditions of the upper, middle, and lower friction discs in a crusher, automatically performing a grinding and polishing operation on the three discs. This effectively ensures the roughness and contact ratio between the discs, resolving the challenges of grinding and low contact ratio in crusher friction discs in the heavy machinery manufacturing industry. The device, when put into use, has significantly improved the grinding efficiency of the upper, middle, and lower friction discs in crushers, boosting production efficiency.

[0020] 2. The present invention sets a universal joint between the tool rod and the transmission mechanism. The universal joint rotates on its own and also revolves around the main shaft of the machine tool. The ratio of the self-rotation speed to the revolution speed is consistent with the gear transmission speed ratio of the transmission mechanism. The rotation speeds of the upper friction disc and the middle friction disc are inconsistent, and there is a speed difference. The transmission mechanism of the present invention makes a certain speed difference between the revolution and the self-rotation through the internal tooth engagement, thereby realizing automatic grinding of the contact surfaces of the upper, middle and lower friction discs under the actual motion state of the friction disc part that is completely simulated, ensuring the contact requirements and improving the grinding efficiency. The ball joint structure of the present invention, the convex spherical surface of the lower end of the ball joint and the concave spherical surface of the positioning sleeve cooperate, so that the upper friction disc can be fine-tuned around the ball joint and adapt to the concave spherical shape of the middle friction disc.

[0021] 3. The present invention designs a cylindrical roller thrust bearing at the upper end of the gear shaft of the transmission mechanism, which can apply a certain pressure to the friction disk. The magnitude of the pressure is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of thin gaskets and rubber pads in the pad group. A certain number of thin gaskets are pre-installed and then gradually removed to reduce the height difference between the support frame and the base, increase the compression amount, and gradually increase the applied pressure, thereby realizing grinding pressure adjustment and facilitating the control of the grinding degree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the friction disc part of the crusher;

[0023] Figure 2 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency grinding device for a crusher friction disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a knife bar in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure, 1-upper friction plate, 2-middle friction plate, 3-lower friction plate, 4-spindle, 5-oil cylinder, 6-piston, 7-base, 8-positioning plate, 9-support frame, 10-universal coupling, 11-tool bar, 12-internal gear, 13-gear shaft, 14-cylindrical roller thrust bearing, 15-ball joint, 16-positioning sleeve, 17-pad group, 18-thin gasket, 19-rubber pad, 20-cylindrical pin, 21-oil drain pipe, 111-Morse taper shank, 112-connecting flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the friction disc assembly of the crusher consists of three friction discs: an upper friction disc 1, a middle friction disc 2, and a lower friction disc 3. The upper friction disc 1 is fixed to the lower end of the crusher's main shaft 4; the lower friction disc 3 is fixed to the piston 6 of the oil cylinder 5; and the middle friction disc 2 serves as a transition piece between the upper and lower friction discs. Its upper surface is a concave spherical structure, while its lower surface is a flat surface. It is located between the upper and lower friction discs. When the three friction discs are in operation, the lower friction disc 3 is stationary, while the upper friction disc 1 revolves around the center axis of the crusher frame along with the main shaft 4 and rotates continuously with the main shaft 4.

[0032] Before the crusher product leaves the factory, the friction disc part needs to be ground. In order to realize automatic grinding of three friction discs, improve grinding efficiency, ensure the contact rate of friction discs, and improve grinding effect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency grinding device and method for the crusher friction disc part.

[0033] See Figures 2 to 7 , an efficient grinding device for the friction disc of a crusher, comprising a base 7, a positioning plate 8, a support frame 9, a transmission mechanism, a pressure regulating mechanism, a ball joint structure, a universal coupling 10 and a cutter bar 11; the positioning plate 8 is fixedly arranged in the base 7, the friction disc of the crusher is arranged on the positioning plate 8, the support frame 9 is arranged above the base 7, the transmission mechanism is arranged on the support frame 9, the upper part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the lower part of the cutter bar 11 through the universal coupling 10, and the cutter bar 11 is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool; the lower part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the friction disc of the crusher through the ball joint structure.

[0034] Specifically, one end of the tool rod 11 is a Morse taper shank 111 with a waist-shaped hole for connecting to a machine tool spindle, and the other end is provided with a connecting flange 112 .

[0035] The universal joint 10 in this embodiment adopts the standard JB / T5513-2006. The universal joint 10 rotates while also revolving around the machine tool spindle. The ratio of the rotation speed to the revolution speed is consistent with the gear transmission speed ratio of the transmission mechanism (assuming the transmission efficiency is 100%). The rotation speeds of the upper friction plate 1 and the middle friction plate 2 are inconsistent, and there is a speed difference.

[0036] The transmission mechanism includes an internal gear 12, a gear shaft 13, and a cylindrical roller thrust bearing 14. The internal gear 12 is mounted below the support frame 9. The lower end of the gear shaft 13 meshes with the internal gear 12. This internal meshing creates a speed difference between orbital and rotational motion, enabling automatic grinding of the contact surfaces of the upper, middle, and lower friction discs while fully simulating the actual motion of the friction discs, ensuring contact requirements and improving grinding efficiency. The cylindrical roller thrust bearing 14 is mounted at the upper end of the gear shaft 13 and embedded within the support frame 9. The top end of the gear shaft 13 is connected to the universal joint 10.

[0037] The ball joint structure includes a ball joint 15 and a positioning sleeve 16. The upper end of the ball joint 15 is provided with a flange and is connected to the gear shaft 13 by bolts. The convex spherical surface of the lower end of the ball joint 15 cooperates with the concave spherical surface of the positioning sleeve 16. The positioning sleeve 16 is connected to the upper friction disk 1 of the crusher friction disk part. The upper friction disk 1 can be fine-tuned around the ball joint 15 and adapt to the concave spherical shape of the middle friction disk 2.

[0038] The pressure regulating mechanism includes a pad block group 17 arranged on the upper side of the base 7, a multi-layer thin gasket 18 arranged on the pad block group 17, and a rubber pad 19 arranged between the positioning plate 8 and the lower friction disk 3 of the crusher friction disk part. The base 7, pad block group 17, thin gasket 18 and the support frame 9 are connected by bolts.

[0039] The cylindrical roller thrust bearing 14 designed at the upper end of the transmission mechanism's gear shaft 13 applies a certain amount of pressure to the friction disc. This pressure is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of shims 18 and rubber pads 19 in the spacer block assembly 17. A certain number of shims 18 are pre-installed and then gradually removed to reduce the height difference between the support frame 9 and the base 7, increasing the amount of compression. The elastic deformation of the rubber pads 19 aids in increasing the downward pressure on the friction disc. The maximum compression of the rubber pads 19 is 8 mm, resulting in a theoretical maximum pressure of approximately 17.5 T. To ensure a gradual increase in applied pressure, all shims 18 should not be removed at once.

[0040] A cylindrical pin 20 is provided on the positioning plate 8 , and the upper end of the cylindrical pin 20 passes through the rubber pad 19 and is inserted into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction disc 3 .

[0041] An oil drain pipe 21 is provided at the bottom of the base 7 to facilitate the recovery and reuse of lubricating oil.

[0042] The grinding method of the high-efficiency grinding device of the crusher friction disc of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1: Place a rubber pad 19 on the positioning plate 8 in the base 7, then place the crusher friction disc on the rubber pad 19, and insert the cylindrical pin 20 into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction disc 3;

[0044] S2: Inject lubricating oil into the base 7 so that the oil level is higher than the upper surface of the upper friction plate 1;

[0045] S3: Place a certain number of thin shims 18 on the pad group 17, place the support frame 9 and the transmission mechanism on the crusher friction disc, connect the positioning sleeve 16 to the upper friction disc 1, and then connect the support frame 9 to the thin shims 18, the pad group 17, and the base 7 with bolts;

[0046] S4: The machine tool spindle drives the tool rod 11 to rotate, causing the upper friction disc 1 and the middle friction disc 2 to rotate, and automatically grind the contact surfaces of the upper, middle and lower friction discs. During the grinding process, the thin gasket 18 is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the height difference between the support frame 9 and the base 7, increasing the compression amount, and gradually increasing the grinding pressure.

[0047] During the grinding process, carefully observe the cleanliness of the lubricating oil. If the oil surface becomes cloudy, immediately stop the machine and filter the lubricating oil. Also, after 0.5 hours, 1 hour, and 2 hours of grinding, lift the upper friction disc and observe the grinding progress of the spherical grinding disc: observe for scratches and the contact between the spherical friction disc and the spherical friction disc. If scratches appear, filter the lubricating oil immediately and polish them smooth before re-grinding. When resetting the upper friction disc, be careful to avoid bumping it to prevent debris from falling into the lubricating oil and scratching the friction disc.

[0048] Before using the grinding device, you need to clean the inner cavity of the welding base with dough to ensure that the inner cavity is clean and free of impurities.

[0049] The high-efficiency grinding device of the crusher friction disc has been used for the grinding and polishing of the upper, middle and lower friction discs of the crusher friction discs of multiple specifications of the company. After grinding, the contact rate of the contact surfaces between the workpieces is good, reaching more than 80% of the design requirement.

[0050] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency grinding device for the friction disc portion of a crusher. The friction disc portion consists of three friction discs: an upper friction disc, a middle friction disc, and a lower friction disc. The middle friction disc is a transition piece between the upper and lower friction discs. The upper surface of the middle friction disc is a concave spherical structure, and the lower surface is a flat structure. The middle friction disc is located between the upper and lower friction discs. The characteristics are: It includes a base, a positioning plate, a support frame, a transmission mechanism, a pressure adjustment mechanism, a ball joint structure, a universal coupling and a cutter bar; the positioning plate is fixedly arranged in the base, the crusher friction disc is arranged on the positioning plate, the support frame is arranged above the base, and the transmission mechanism is arranged on the support frame, the upper part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the lower part of the cutter bar through the universal coupling, and the cutter bar is connected to the machine tool spindle; the lower part of the transmission mechanism is connected to the crusher friction disc through the ball joint structure; The transmission mechanism includes an internal gear, a gear shaft and a cylindrical roller thrust bearing, wherein the internal gear is arranged at the lower part of the support frame, the lower end of the gear shaft is engaged with the internal gear, the upper end of the gear shaft is provided with the cylindrical roller thrust bearing, the cylindrical roller thrust bearing is embedded in the interior of the support frame, and the top end of the gear shaft is connected to the universal joint; The ball joint structure includes a ball joint and a positioning sleeve. The upper end of the ball joint has a flange and is connected to the gear shaft by bolts. The convex spherical surface of the lower end of the ball joint fits with the concave spherical surface of the positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve is connected to the upper friction disk of the crusher friction disk part. The pressure adjustment mechanism includes a pad group arranged on the upper side of the base, a multi-layer thin gasket arranged on the pad group, and a rubber pad arranged between the positioning plate and the lower friction disk of the crusher friction disk part; A cylindrical pin is provided on the positioning plate, and the upper end of the cylindrical pin passes through the rubber pad and is inserted into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction plate; The pad group, thin gasket and support frame are connected by bolts; The method of the high-efficiency grinding device of the crusher friction disc part comprises the following steps: S1: Place a rubber pad on the positioning plate inside the base, then place the crusher friction disc on the rubber pad, and insert the cylindrical pin into the positioning hole at the bottom of the lower friction disc; S2: Inject lubricating oil into the base so that the oil level is higher than the upper surface of the upper friction plate; S3: Place a certain number of thin shims on the block group, place the support frame and transmission mechanism on the crusher friction disc, connect the positioning sleeve to the upper friction disc, and then connect the support frame, thin shims and block group with bolts; S4: The machine tool spindle drives the tool rod to rotate, causing the upper friction plate and the middle friction plate to rotate, and automatically grind the contact surfaces of the upper, middle and lower friction plates. During the grinding process, the thin gasket is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the height difference between the support frame and the base, increasing the compression amount, and gradually increasing the grinding pressure.

2. The high-efficiency grinding device for the friction disc of a crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the base.

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